Power cut-off system and handheld gas analyzer

Abstract

The invention provides a power cut-off system and a handheld gas analyzer, and relates to the technical field of electronics, the power cut-off system is characterized in that a lower cover body comprises a first PCB, an upper cover body comprises a second PCB, and a first MOS tube on the first PCB is arranged between a battery output end and a first power supply contact end and is used for on-off control of power supply of a battery; when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first MOS tube is conducted through the contact between the first enabling contact and the second enabling contact; a second MOS tube on the second PCB is arranged between the second power supply contact end and the system power supply end, when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the second MOS tube is conducted through the contact of the first power supply contact end and the second power supply contact end, and power is supplied to the gas analyzer through the system power supply end; the second PCB further comprises an MCU, and when it is determined that the battery is abnormal, the second MOS tube is controlled to be cut off. By implementing the technical scheme provided by the invention, the effect of improving the safety is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic technologies, and particularly to a power cut-off system and a handheld gas analyzer. Background Art

[0002] Handheld gas analyzers are widely used in fields such as environmental monitoring and industrial safety. The safety and reliability of their power management systems are of crucial importance. However, there are obvious deficiencies in existing power management technologies. Current power management systems mostly rely on a single switch or contact mechanism, lacking effective monitoring and response to abnormal battery states. When problems such as overheating occur in the battery, the power cannot be cut off in a timely manner, easily leading to safety accidents such as fires and explosions, threatening the personal safety of users and the safety of equipment. Moreover, during the daily use, disassembly, and assembly of the equipment, the single contact mechanism is vulnerable to external interference and often malfunctions, resulting in accidental power-on or power-off, affecting the normal operation of the equipment. It can be seen that there are technical problems of relatively low safety in the power supply systems of handheld gas analyzers in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The objective of this application is to overcome the above technical problems, and this application provides a power cut-off system and a handheld gas analyzer.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power cut-off system applied to a gas analyzer, comprising: an upper cover body and a lower cover body. The lower cover body includes a first PCB board, and the upper cover body includes a second PCB board. Among them, a first MOS transistor is provided on the first PCB board, and the first MOS transistor is arranged between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal. The first power supply contact terminal is located on the first PCB board. The lower cover body serves as a battery compartment and integrates a battery management system. The battery is used to supply power to the gas analyzer, and the first MOS transistor is used to control the on / off of the battery power supply. The first PCB board is provided with a first enable contact, and the second PCB board is provided with a second enable contact. The second enable contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal, and the first enable contact is electrically connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first MOS transistor is turned on through the contact between the first enable contact and the second enable contact. When the first enable contact and the second enable contact are not in contact, the first MOS transistor is in the cut-off state. A second MOS transistor is provided on the second PCB board, and the second MOS transistor is arranged between the second power supply contact terminal and the system power supply terminal. The second power supply contact terminal is located on the second PCB board. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the battery supplies power to the second PCB board through the contact between the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal. When the second MOS transistor is turned on, the gas analyzer is powered through the system power supply terminal. The second PCB board also includes an MCU. When the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal are in contact, the MCU is used to obtain a set of data of the battery, and when it is determined that the battery is abnormal according to the set of data, the second MOS transistor is controlled to be cut off. Among them, the system power supply terminal is also used to supply power to the MCU.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging a first MOS transistor on the first PCB board and placing it between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal, combined with the contact control of the first enable contact and the second enable contact, the first MOS transistor can be turned on when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, thereby realizing the power supply control of the gas analyzer by the battery, improving the automation degree and reliability of the system; the second MOS transistor on the second PCB board is arranged between the second power supply contact terminal and the system power supply terminal. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first power supply contact terminal contacts the second power supply contact terminal, enabling the battery to supply power to the second PCB board, and further controlling the power supply of the gas analyzer through the conduction state of the second MOS transistor, enhancing the flexibility and safety of the power supply path; the MCU on the second PCB board can obtain a set of data of the battery in real time, and when detecting an abnormality in the battery, cut off the power supply of the gas analyzer by controlling the second MOS transistor to be cut off, effectively avoiding potential safety hazards caused by battery abnormalities and improving the stability and safety of the system; the entire system design cleverly utilizes the closed state of the upper cover body and the lower cover body to realize the automatic control of the electrical connection through the contact of the mechanical contacts, simplifying the operation process, reducing the system complexity and cost, and at the same time improving the versatility and adaptability of the system. That is, through the real-time monitoring of the battery data by the MCU and the control of the second MOS transistor, the power supply can be cut off in time when the battery has an abnormality, effectively improving the safety of the power management system.

[0006] Optionally, the first PCB board includes a first soft-start module, and the first soft-start module is connected between the battery output terminal and the first MOS transistor and is used for slowly turning on the first MOS transistor when the first enable contact contacts the second enable contact.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the first soft-start module can slowly turn on the first MOS transistor when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed and the first enable contact contacts the second enable contact. This design effectively avoids the damage of circuit components caused by instantaneous current impact, improves the stability and reliability of the power cut-off system, and at the same time extends the service life of related components.

[0008] Optionally, the first soft-start module includes a first resistor and a first capacitor. The first resistor is connected between the positive pole of the battery output terminal and the first enable contact, the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first resistor, the source electrode of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the battery output terminal, the drain electrode of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first power supply contact terminal, the first enable contact is electrically connected to the gate electrode of the first MOS transistor through a second resistor, and the second enable contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through a third resistor.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the soft-start module composed of the first resistor and the first capacitor can realize the slow turn-on control of the first MOS transistor. Specifically, the parallel connection of the first resistor and the first capacitor forms an RC delay circuit, which causes the gate voltage of the first MOS transistor to gradually increase, thereby avoiding the current impact caused by the instantaneous conduction of the first MOS transistor, protecting circuit components and improving the system stability; through the cooperation of the second resistor and the third resistor, it is ensured that when the first enable contact and the second enable contact are in contact, the first MOS transistor can conduct stably, and when not in contact, it is reliably cut off, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the power-off system. That is, this technical solution avoids current impact through the RC soft-start circuit, prolongs the service life of the battery and the MOS transistor, and at the same time protects the backend circuit from damage. The soft-start function is realized by using a simple RC circuit, which reduces the complexity and cost of circuit design. The soft-start circuit makes the power-on process smoother, avoids the impact of instantaneous current on the internal circuit of the device, and improves the stability and reliability of the device.

[0010] Optionally, a first magnet and a second magnet are provided on the first PCB board, and a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor are provided on the second PCB board. The first Hall sensor transmits the first detection result to the MCU, and the second Hall sensor transmits the second detection result to the MCU. The MCU judges the alignment and closing state between the upper cover and the lower cover based on the first detection result and the second detection result. Among them, when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the first magnet is at the position corresponding to the first Hall sensor on the first PCB board, and the second magnet is at the position corresponding to the second Hall sensor on the first PCB board.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, by providing a first magnet and a second magnet on the first PCB board and a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor on the second PCB board, the MCU can accurately judge whether the upper cover and the lower cover are aligned and closed according to the detection results of the Hall sensors, thereby improving the reliability of the system operation; when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the first magnet corresponds to the first Hall sensor, and the second magnet corresponds to the second Hall sensor respectively, ensuring the accuracy of the detection signal, avoiding misjudgment, and enhancing the stability of the system.

[0012] Optionally, the power-off system further includes an enable module and a control module. The enable module is connected between the second power supply contact end and the input end of the control module. The input end of the control module is also electrically connected to the target control pin of the MCU. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor. Among them, when the enable module is enabled, the enable module makes the second MOS transistor in a conducting state through the control module and makes the MCU powered on, and when the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal according to a set of data, the second MOS transistor is controlled to be in a cut-off state through the control module.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the enabling module is enabled, the control module can ensure the conduction of the second MOS transistor, thereby providing a stable power supply for the gas analyzer and enabling the MCU to be powered on to work properly. When the MCU detects an abnormality in the battery, the control module can quickly control the second MOS transistor to cut off, effectively cutting off the power output, avoiding damage to the device caused by abnormal situations, and improving the safety and reliability of the system. The introduction of the enabling module and the control module in this technical solution achieves the purpose of precise control of the second MOS transistor.

[0014] Optionally, the enabling module includes: a self-resetting switch, a first transistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor. The self-resetting switch, the first transistor, the fourth resistor, and the fifth resistor are all located on the second PCB board, and the sixth resistor is located on the first PCB board. Among them, the self-resetting switch is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the emitter of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control module through the fourth resistor. The fifth resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the first transistor. The base of the first transistor is electrically connected to the third enabling contact. The fourth enabling contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through the sixth resistor. Among them, the third enabling contact is located on the second PCB board, and the fourth enabling contact is located on the first PCB board. When the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, when the self-resetting switch is pressed, the first transistor is turned on through the contact between the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact, and the enabling module is in the enabled state and the second MOS transistor is in the conducting state. After pressing and releasing the self-resetting switch, a high level is provided to the input terminal of the control module through the target control pin of the MCU to maintain the conduction of the second MOS transistor. When the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal based on a set of data, a low level is provided to the input terminal of the control module through the target control pin of the MCU to make the second MOS transistor in the cut-off state.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the combined use of the self-resetting switch and the first transistor realizes the precise control of the power cut-off system. Specifically, when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed and the self-resetting switch is pressed, the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact come into contact, causing the first transistor to conduct, thereby triggering the enabling module to enter the enabled state, ensuring that the second MOS transistor conducts to supply power normally; after releasing the self-resetting switch, the MCU continuously provides a high level through the target control pin to maintain the conducting state of the second MOS transistor, ensuring the stable operation of the system. In addition, when the MCU detects an abnormal battery, it can quickly cut off the power by providing a low level, effectively protecting the system security. In the related art, the single contact mechanism is prone to misoperation due to external interference during the daily use and disassembly of the device, resulting in accidental power-on or power-off. Through the design of the enabling module in this technical solution, the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact need to come into contact when the self-resetting switch is pressed and the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, so that the first transistor can conduct and then the enabling module can work, enabling the second MOS transistor to conduct and supply power to the system. This increases the condition limit for power-on, reduces the misoperation caused by external interference, and improves the stability and reliability of the power supply system.

[0016] Optionally, the control module includes: a second transistor and a seventh resistor. The base of the second transistor serves as the input end of the control module, the collector of the second transistor serves as the output end of the control module, the emitter of the second transistor is electrically connected to the ground terminal, the seventh resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the second transistor, and the collector of the second transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor through an eighth resistor. The second transistor, the seventh resistor, and the eighth resistor are all located on the second PCB board; the second PCB board also includes a first diode and a ninth resistor. Among them, the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor, and the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the target control pin of the MCU through the ninth resistor.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the combined use of the second transistor and the seventh resistor ensures the stable transmission of the control signal, avoids misoperation caused by signal fluctuations, and improves the reliability of the system; the introduction of the eighth resistor effectively limits the current, protects the second MOS transistor from overcurrent damage, and extends the device life; the combined design of the first diode and the ninth resistor realizes the unidirectional conduction of the MCU output signal, prevents the reverse current from damaging the MCU, and improves the accuracy of signal transmission.

[0018] Optionally, the second PCB board also includes a second soft-start module, which is connected between the second power supply contact end and the second MOS transistor and is used to slowly turn on the second MOS transistor when the enabling module is enabled.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the enabling module is enabled, the second soft-start module can be used to slowly turn on the second MOS transistor. This design effectively reduces the current impact on the circuit at the moment of startup, avoiding damage to circuit components or system instability caused by instantaneous large current, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the entire power-off system; specifically, regarding the function of the second soft-start module, its connection position and function ensure the smooth conduction of the second MOS transistor, further optimizing the power supply control performance of the gas analyzer.

[0020] Optionally, the second soft-start module includes a tenth resistor and a second capacitor. Among them, the tenth resistor is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the output terminal of the control module, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the tenth resistor.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the RC circuit composed of the tenth resistor and the second capacitor can smooth the voltage change at the output terminal of the control module, avoiding instantaneous large current impact, thereby protecting the second MOS transistor and related circuit components; this design effectively improves the stability and reliability of the system, especially during power switching or startup, reducing the risk of electromagnetic interference and component damage caused by current mutation.

[0022] Optionally, when the second MOS transistor is in the cut-off state, the power-off system can be restarted by pressing the self-resetting switch.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the MCU detects that the power supply is abnormally cut off and the second MOS transistor is in the cut-off state, the user can restart the power-off system by pressing the self-resetting switch. This solution enables the system to quickly resume power supply after abnormal power failure or shutdown, improving the operability and user experience of the system.

[0024] Optionally, the MCU communicates with the battery management system through the first IIC interface to obtain the voltage data and current data of the battery, and the MCU also communicates with the temperature sensor through the second IIC interface to obtain the temperature data of the battery. Among them, a set of data includes voltage data, current data, and temperature data.

[0025] Optionally, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal based on a set of data, including at least one of the following: when the temperature data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature threshold, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal, where a set of data includes temperature data; when the current data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal, where a set of data includes current data; when the voltage data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage threshold, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal, where a set of data includes voltage data.

[0026] Optionally, when a set of data meets a preset condition, the MCU is further configured to adjust system parameters, where the preset condition includes at least one of the following: the temperature data of the battery is greater than a second preset temperature threshold and less than a first preset temperature threshold; the current data of the battery is greater than a second preset current threshold and less than a first preset current threshold; the voltage data of the battery is greater than a second preset voltage threshold and less than a first preset voltage threshold.

[0027] Optionally, when a set of data meets a preset condition, the MCU is further configured to adjust system parameters, including: when a set of data meets the preset condition, the MCU is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the air pump and reduce the processor frequency of the MCU.

[0028] In a second aspect of the present application, there is also provided a handheld gas analyzer, including the power cut-off system of any one of the foregoing, and a gas analyzer body, where the power cut-off system is used to control the power supply to the gas analyzer body.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solutions, by integrating a battery compartment and a battery management system in the lower cover body, and using the first MOS transistor to control the on / off of the battery power supply, combined with the contact state of the first enable contact and the second enable contact when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, it is possible to intelligently judge and control the on / off of the power supply circuit, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system; the second MOS transistor and the MCU on the second PCB board work together to ensure the stability of the battery power supply to the gas analyzer and the abnormal detection ability. The MCU can timely judge the battery state according to the voltage, current and temperature data of the battery and cut off the power supply in case of abnormality, avoiding potential safety hazards; the entire solution through modular design and intelligent control significantly enhances the adaptability of the gas analyzer in a complex power supply environment, reduces the design difficulty and cost, and at the same time improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0030] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. Through the real-time monitoring of the battery data by the MCU and the control of the second MOS transistor, the power supply can be cut off in time when the battery appears abnormal, effectively improving the safety of the power management system; 2. The first soft start module effectively avoids the damage of circuit components caused by instantaneous current impact, improves the stability and reliability of the power cut-off system, and at the same time extends the service life of related components; 3. By setting a first magnet and a second magnet on the first PCB board, and setting a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor on the second PCB board, the MCU can accurately judge whether the upper cover body and the lower cover body are aligned and closed according to the detection results of the Hall sensors, ensuring the accuracy of the detection signal and avoiding misjudgment, thereby improving the reliability of the system operation; 4. When the upper cover and the lower cover are closed and the self - reset switch is pressed, the third enabling contact touches the fourth enabling contact, making the first transistor conduct, thereby triggering the enabling module to enter the enabled state, ensuring that the second MOS transistor conducts to supply power normally; after releasing the self - reset switch, the MCU continuously provides a high level through the target control pin to maintain the conducting state of the second MOS transistor, ensuring the stable operation of the system. In addition, when the MCU detects an abnormal battery, it can quickly cut off the power supply by providing a low level, effectively protecting the system security; 5. In the related art, the single contact mechanism is prone to misoperation due to external interference during the daily use and disassembly of the device, resulting in accidental connection or disconnection of the power supply. Through the design of the enabling module in this technical solution, the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact need to touch when the self - reset switch is pressed and the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, so that the first transistor conducts and then the enabling module works, making the second MOS transistor conduct to supply power to the system. This increases the conditional restrictions for power - on, reduces misoperation caused by external interference, and improves the stability and reliability of the power supply system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a framework diagram of a power - cut - off system provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is an example diagram of a soft - start switch circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a partial example diagram of an upper and lower PCB board provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a power - active - cut - off system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS: R1 - the first resistor, R2 - the second resistor, R3 - the third resistor, R4 - the fourth resistor, R5 - the fifth resistor, R6 - the sixth resistor, R7 - the seventh resistor, R8 - the eighth resistor, R9 - the ninth resistor, R10 - the tenth resistor, C1 - the first capacitor, C2 - the second capacitor, Q1 - the first MOS transistor, Q2 - the second MOS transistor, T1 - the first transistor, T2 - the second transistor, SW1 - the self - reset switch, D1 - the first diode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for illustration" are used to give examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "for example" or "for illustration" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "for example" or "for illustration" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variants all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0036] The present application provides a power cut-off system, which is applied to a gas analyzer, such as Figure 1 shown Figure 1 is a framework diagram of a power cut-off system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The system includes: an upper cover body and a lower cover body. The lower cover body includes a first PCB board, and the upper cover body includes a second PCB board. Among them, a first MOS transistor Q1 is provided on the first PCB board. The first MOS transistor Q1 is arranged between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal. Among them, the first power supply contact terminal is located on the first PCB board. The lower cover body serves as a battery compartment and integrates a battery management system. The battery is used to supply power to the gas analyzer. The first MOS transistor Q1 is used to control the on-off of the power supply of the battery. The first PCB board is provided with a first enable contact, and the second PCB board is provided with a second enable contact. The second enable contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal, and the first enable contact is electrically connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor Q1. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned on through the contact of the first enable contact and the second enable contact. When the first enable contact and the second enable contact are not in contact, the first MOS transistor Q1 is in the cut-off state. A second MOS transistor is provided on the second PCB board. The second MOS transistor Q2 is arranged between the second power supply contact terminal and the system power supply terminal. Among them, the second power supply contact terminal is located on the second PCB board. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the battery supplies power to the second PCB board through the contact between the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal. When the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on, the gas analyzer is powered through the system power supply terminal. The second PCB board also includes an MCU. In the case where the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal are in contact, the MCU is used to obtain a set of data of the battery, and in the case where it is determined that the battery is abnormal according to the set of data, the MCU controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to be cut off. Among them, the system power supply terminal is also used to supply power to the MCU.

[0037] In the above embodiment, by arranging the first MOS transistor Q1 on the first PCB board and placing it between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal, combined with the contact control of the first enable contact and the second enable contact, the first MOS transistor Q1 can be turned on when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, thereby realizing the power supply control of the gas analyzer by the battery, improving the automation degree and reliability of the system; the second MOS transistor Q2 on the second PCB board is arranged between the second power supply contact terminal and the system power supply terminal. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first power supply contact terminal contacts the second power supply contact terminal, enabling the battery to supply power to the second PCB board. Further, the power supply of the gas analyzer is controlled by the on-state of the second MOS transistor Q2, enhancing the flexibility and safety of the power supply path; the MCU on the second PCB board can real-time obtain a set of data of the battery (including voltage, current, and temperature data), and when it detects an abnormality in the battery, it cuts off the power supply of the gas analyzer by controlling the second MOS transistor Q2 to turn off, effectively avoiding potential safety hazards caused by battery abnormalities and improving the stability and safety of the system; the entire system design cleverly utilizes the closed state of the upper cover body and the lower cover body to realize the automatic control of electrical connection through the contact of mechanical contacts, simplifies the operation process, reduces the system complexity and cost, and at the same time improves the versatility and adaptability of the system. That is, in this embodiment, through the real-time monitoring of battery data by the MCU and the control of the second MOS transistor Q2, the power supply can be cut off in time when the battery shows an abnormality, effectively improving the safety of the power management system.

[0038] The power cut-off system realizes the on-off control of the power supply through two MOS transistors (the first MOS transistor Q1 and the second MOS transistor Q2). The first MOS transistor Q1 is arranged between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal, and is used to control the on-off of the battery power supply. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first enable contact and the second enable contact are in contact, so that the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned on and the battery starts to supply power; when the two are not in contact, the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned off and the battery power supply is cut off. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal are in contact, and the battery supplies power to the second PCB board. The second MOS transistor Q2 is arranged between the second power supply contact terminal and the system power supply terminal. When it is turned on, it supplies power to the gas analyzer through the system power supply terminal; at the same time, when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed (or combined), the MCU obtains a set of data of the battery (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.). If the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal (such as overheating, overvoltage, etc.) based on this set of data, it controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to turn off and cut off the power supply of the system power supply terminal, thereby protecting the safety of the device and the user. In the prior art, the power management system mostly relies on a single switch or contact mechanism and cannot effectively monitor the abnormal state of the battery. In this embodiment, the MCU obtains the battery data and judges the abnormality, and can respond in time when the battery has problems such as overheating, solving the problem of being unable to cut off the power supply in time, reducing the risk of safety accidents such as fire and explosion, and ensuring the personal safety of the user and the safety of the device; in addition, the single contact mechanism in the prior art is easily interfered during the daily use and disassembly of the device, resulting in accidental connection or disconnection of the power supply. In this embodiment, the on-off of the first MOS transistor Q1 is controlled by the contact of the enable contacts of the upper and lower cover bodies, and the on-off of the second MOS transistor Q2 is controlled by the MCU according to the battery state, forming a dual control mechanism, reducing the situation of misoperation caused by the interference of the single contact mechanism, and improving the stability and reliability of the power management system, ensuring the normal operation of the device. Through this embodiment, the real-time monitoring and timely response to the abnormal state of the battery are realized. When the battery has problems, the power supply can be quickly cut off, effectively avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents, and significantly improving the safety of the power management system of the gas analyzer; through the dual control mechanism, the influence of external interference on the on-off of the power supply is reduced, and the possibility of misoperation is reduced, making the power supply system of the gas analyzer more stable and reliable, ensuring the normal operation of the device in various usage scenarios, and improving the stability and usability of the device.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the first PCB board includes a first soft start module, and the first soft start module is connected between the battery output terminal and the first MOS transistor Q1, and is used to slowly turn on the first MOS transistor Q1 when the first enable contact and the second enable contact are in contact.

[0040] In the above embodiments, when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed and the first enabling contact touches the second enabling contact, the first soft-start module can slowly turn on the first MOS transistor Q1. This design effectively avoids damage to circuit components caused by instantaneous current surges, improves the stability and reliability of the power-off system, and extends the service life of related components at the same time.

[0041] The first soft-start module is connected between the battery output terminal and the first MOS transistor Q1. When the first enabling contact touches the second enabling contact, the first soft-start module controls the first MOS transistor Q1 to slowly turn on. This is achieved through the internal circuit design of the soft-start module, which may limit the rising rate of the current or control the rising slope of the gate voltage of the MOS transistor, so that the first MOS transistor Q1 does not conduct instantaneously, but gradually reaches the conducting state, thus realizing the function of slow turn-on; it avoids the problem of excessive instantaneous current that may occur when the power is turned on, that is, the so-called inrush current. This inrush current may impact the circuit components of the gas analyzer, reducing the service life of the circuit components in the long run and even directly damaging the components in some cases. In this embodiment, by slowly turning on the first MOS transistor Q1, the instantaneous rise of the current is limited, and the impact of the inrush current on the internal circuit components of the gas analyzer is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the circuit components and improving the reliability and stability of the device; the soft-start process makes the power supply more stable, reduces problems such as system voltage fluctuations that may be caused by current mutations, helps the various components of the gas analyzer to work in a stable power environment, and improves the stability and anti-interference ability of the entire system.

[0042] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the first soft-start module includes a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1. The first resistor R1 is connected between the positive pole of the battery output terminal and the first enabling contact. The first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1. The source electrode of the first MOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the battery output terminal. The drain electrode of the first MOS transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the first power supply contact terminal. The first enabling contact is electrically connected to the gate electrode of the first MOS transistor Q1 through a second resistor R2. The second enabling contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through a third resistor R3.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the soft-start module composed of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 can achieve slow turn-on control of the first MOS transistor Q1. Specifically, the parallel connection of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 forms an RC delay circuit, which causes the gate voltage of the first MOS transistor Q1 to gradually increase, thereby avoiding the current impact caused by the instantaneous conduction of the first MOS transistor Q1, protecting circuit components and improving system stability; through the cooperation of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3, it is ensured that when the first enable contact and the second enable contact are in contact, the first MOS transistor Q1 can conduct stably, and when not in contact, it can be reliably cut off, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the power-off system. That is, in this embodiment, the RC soft-start circuit avoids current impact, prolongs the service life of the battery and the MOS transistor, and at the same time protects the backend circuit from damage. The soft-start function is realized by using a simple RC circuit, reducing the complexity and cost of circuit design. The soft-start circuit makes the power-on process smoother, avoids the impact of instantaneous current on the internal circuit of the device, and improves the stability and reliability of the device.

[0044] When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first enable contact and the second enable contact are in contact, and the positive pole of the battery output terminal supplies power to the gate of the first MOS transistor Q1 through the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1; due to the charge and discharge characteristics of the RC circuit, the gate voltage of the first MOS transistor Q1 will gradually rise, so that the first MOS transistor Q1 conducts slowly, avoiding the current impact when the power is suddenly turned on; the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are used for current limiting to ensure that the rising process of the gate voltage is smoother. When the power is turned on, the first capacitor C1 starts to charge, the gate voltage gradually rises, and the first MOS transistor Q1 slowly transitions from the cut-off state to the conduction state; when the first capacitor C1 is fully charged, the gate voltage reaches a stable value, the first MOS transistor Q1 is fully conducting, and the circuit between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal is fully connected. In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 in the first soft-start module, the control of the turn-on process of the first MOS transistor Q1 is realized, so that the current rises slowly, effectively suppressing the surge current, protecting the circuit components inside the gas analyzer, such as chips, sensors, etc., and reducing the risk of component damage caused by current impact; the soft-start process makes the power output smoother, avoiding the instantaneous fluctuations of voltage and current, providing a stable power supply for each module of the gas analyzer, helping to improve the overall stability and reliability of the device, reducing problems such as measurement errors and data loss caused by unstable power supply, and ensuring the normal operation of the gas analyzer.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, a first magnet and a second magnet are provided on a first PCB board, and a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor are provided on a second PCB board. The first Hall sensor transmits a first detection result to the MCU, and the second Hall sensor transmits a second detection result to the MCU. The MCU determines the alignment and closing state between the upper cover and the lower cover based on the first detection result and the second detection result. When the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the first magnet is at a position corresponding to the first Hall sensor on the first PCB board, and the second magnet is at a position corresponding to the second Hall sensor on the first PCB board.

[0046] In the above embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, by providing a first magnet and a second magnet on the first PCB board and a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor on the second PCB board, the MCU can accurately determine whether the upper cover and the lower cover are aligned and closed according to the detection results of the Hall sensors, thereby improving the reliability of the system operation; when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the first magnet corresponds to the first Hall sensor, and the second magnet corresponds to the second Hall sensor respectively, ensuring the accuracy of the detection signal, avoiding misjudgment, and enhancing the stability of the system.

[0047] A first magnet and a second magnet are arranged on a first printed circuit board (located in the lower cover body); a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor are arranged on a second printed circuit board (located in the upper cover body); magnets and Hall sensors are respectively installed at specific positions of the upper and lower cover bodies. When the upper and lower covers gradually approach and close, the intensity and direction of the magnetic field near the Hall sensor will change. According to the Hall effect, the sensor converts the magnetic field change into an electrical signal, and the change of the output signal can directly reflect whether the relative position relationship between the upper and lower covers meets the normal closing requirement; when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first magnet and the second magnet respectively correspond to the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor can detect the change of the magnetic field and convert the detection result (i.e., whether the magnetic field exists) into an electrical signal; the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor transmit the detection results (the first detection result and the second detection result) to the MCU, and the MCU judges whether the upper cover body and the lower cover body are correctly aligned and closed according to these two detection results. If the detection results of the two Hall sensors are relatively close, the MCU judges that the upper cover body and the lower cover body have been correctly closed; otherwise, it is judged that they are not correctly closed. In the related art, the power management system usually lacks a detection mechanism for the closing state of the cover body. If the cover body is not correctly closed, it may cause problems such as poor power contact, misoperation, or unstable device operation; in the prior art, even if there is a detection mechanism, it can often only detect a single state (such as whether it is closed), and cannot detect the alignment and closing states at the same time. If the cover body is not correctly aligned, it may cause damage or poor contact of internal components. In this embodiment, by detecting the alignment and closing states of the upper cover body and the lower cover body, it is ensured that the device is allowed to operate only when the cover body is correctly closed, which can effectively prevent potential safety hazards (such as battery exposure, circuit short circuit, etc.) caused by the incorrect closing or alignment of the cover body; the MCU can make an intelligent judgment according to the detection results of the Hall sensor, realizing real-time monitoring and automatic control of the cover body state. This intelligent detection mechanism can further optimize the operation process of the device and improve the user experience; by using two Hall sensors to respectively detect the positions of two magnets, double detection of the alignment and closing states is realized. This double detection mechanism is more reliable than a single detection mechanism and can more accurately judge the state of the cover body.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, the power cut-off system further includes an enable module and a control module. The enable module is connected between the second power supply contact end and the input end of the control module. The input end of the control module is also electrically connected to the target control pin of the MCU. The output end of the control module is electrically connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2. Wherein, when the enable module is enabled, the enable module makes the second MOS transistor Q2 in a conducting state through the control module and enables the MCU to be powered on, and when the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal according to a set of data, the control module controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to be in a cut-off state.

[0049] In the above embodiment, when the enabling module is enabled, the control module can ensure that the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on, thereby providing a stable power supply for the gas analyzer and enabling the MCU to be powered on to work properly. When the MCU detects an abnormality in the battery, the control module can quickly control the second MOS transistor Q2 to turn off, effectively cutting off the power output and avoiding damage to the device caused by abnormal conditions, improving the safety and reliability of the system. This embodiment realizes the purpose of precise control of the second MOS transistor Q2 through the introduction of the enabling module and the control module.

[0050] When the enabling module is enabled, after receiving the enabling signal, the control module turns on the second MOS transistor Q2 and ensures that the MCU is powered on. That is, when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the enabling module is enabled, and the control module turns on the second MOS transistor Q2, and the system power supply terminal supplies power to the gas analyzer and the MCU. After being powered on, the MCU starts to work and obtains a set of data of the battery (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.). If the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal (such as overheating, overvoltage, etc.) based on this set of data, it sends a cut-off instruction to the control module through the target control pin. That is, the MCU monitors the battery status in real time. If an abnormality (such as overheating, overvoltage, undervoltage, etc.) is detected, the MCU turns off the second MOS transistor Q2 through the control module to cut off the power supply and protect the battery and the device. After receiving the cut-off instruction from the MCU, the control module controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to enter the cut-off state and cut off the power supply of the system power supply terminal, thereby protecting the safety of the device and the user. This embodiment provides a perfect power control logic through the introduction of the enabling module and the control module. The enabling module ensures that when the device is started, the second MOS transistor Q2 can be correctly turned on, and at the same time, the MCU can be powered on and start to work. This design improves the reliability and stability of the power management system. The control module, as an intermediate control link, can flexibly control the on or off state of the second MOS transistor Q2 according to the instruction of the MCU. This design enables the system to cut off the power supply more quickly and accurately when dealing with battery abnormalities, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the device and the user. The MCU communicates with the control module through the target control pin to realize the intelligent control of the power supply state. This intelligent control mechanism enables the power management system to better adapt to different working scenarios and further improves the performance and user experience of the device. When an abnormality occurs in the battery, the MCU can timely cut off the power supply of the second MOS transistor Q2 through the control module, avoiding safety accidents (such as fire, explosion, etc.) caused by battery abnormalities (such as overheating, overvoltage, etc.), thereby significantly improving the safety of the system.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, the enabling module includes: a self-resetting switch SW1, a first transistor T1, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. The self-resetting switch SW1, the first transistor T1, the fourth resistor R4, and the fifth resistor R5 are all located on the second PCB board, and the sixth resistor R6 is located on the first PCB board. Among them, the self-resetting switch SW1 is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the emitter of the first transistor T1. The collector of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control module through the fourth resistor R4. The fifth resistor R5 is connected between the base and the emitter of the first transistor T1. The base of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the third enabling contact. The fourth enabling contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through the sixth resistor R6. Among them, the third enabling contact is located on the second PCB board, and the fourth enabling contact is located on the first PCB board. When the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, when the self-resetting switch SW1 is pressed, the first transistor T1 is turned on through the contact between the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact, and the enabling module is in the enabled state and the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on. After pressing and releasing the self-resetting switch SW1, a high level is provided to the input terminal of the control module through the target control pin of the MCU to maintain the conduction of the second MOS transistor Q2. And when the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal according to a set of data, a low level is provided to the input terminal of the control module through the target control pin of the MCU to make the second MOS transistor Q2 in the cut-off state.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the cooperation of the self-resetting switch SW1 and the first transistor T1 realizes the precise control of the power cut-off system. Specifically, when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed and the self-resetting switch is pressed, the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact are in contact, making the first transistor T1 conductive, thereby triggering the enabling module to enter the enabled state and ensuring that the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on for normal power supply. After releasing the self-resetting switch SW1, the MCU continuously provides a high level through the target control pin to maintain the conduction state of the second MOS transistor Q2, ensuring the stable operation of the system. In addition, when the MCU detects battery abnormality, the power supply can be quickly cut off by providing a low level, effectively protecting the system safety. In the related technology, a single contact mechanism is prone to misoperation due to external interference during the daily use and disassembly of the device, resulting in accidental power-on or power-off. In this embodiment, through the design of the enabling module, the first transistor T1 can be turned on and the enabling module can work only when the self-resetting switch SW1 is pressed and the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact are in contact when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, so that the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on to supply power to the system. This increases the condition limit for power-on, reduces misoperation caused by external interference, and improves the stability and reliability of the power supply system.

[0053] When the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the third enabling contact touches the fourth enabling contact. Press the self - reset switch SW1, and the current passes through the self - reset switch SW1 and the emitter of the first transistor T1, causing the first transistor T1 to conduct. At this time, the input terminal of the control module receives a high - level signal through the fourth resistor R4, enabling the enabling module, the second MOS transistor Q2 conducts, and at the same time the MCU is powered on. After releasing the self - reset switch SW1, the target control pin of the MCU provides a high level to the input terminal of the control module to maintain the conducting state of the second MOS transistor Q2. If the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal based on the battery data, it provides a low level to the input terminal of the control module through the target control pin, causing the second MOS transistor Q2 to cut off and cutting off the power supply. The self - reset switch SW1 is used to manually trigger the enabling module, ensuring that the power - on process is actively controlled by the user to avoid misoperation. The design of the enabling module and the cooperation of the self - reset switch SW1 and the enabling contacts ensure that the power supply system will conduct only when specific conditions are met, reducing the possibility of accidental power - on or power - off, improving the stability of the power supply system during the daily use and disassembly and assembly of the device, and ensuring the normal operation of the gas analyzer. Through the combination of the self - reset switch SW1 and the first transistor T1, the manual enabling function is realized. When the self - reset switch SW1 is pressed, the power supply is enabled and starts; after releasing, the MCU automatically maintains the power supply state. This design not only ensures the flexibility of device startup but also improves the stability of the system.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the control module includes: a second transistor T2 and a seventh resistor R7. The base of the second transistor T2 serves as the input terminal of the control module, the collector of the second transistor T2 serves as the output terminal of the control module, the emitter of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the ground terminal, the seventh resistor R7 is connected between the base and the emitter of the second transistor T2, and the collector of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2 through an eighth resistor R8. The second transistor T2, the seventh resistor R7, and the eighth resistor R8 are all located on the second PCB board; the second PCB board also includes a first diode D1 and a ninth resistor R9. Among them, the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor T2, and the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the target control pin of the MCU through the ninth resistor R9.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the combined use of the second transistor T2 and the seventh resistor R7 ensures the stable transmission of the control signal, avoids misoperations caused by signal fluctuations, and improves the reliability of the system; the introduction of the eighth resistor R8 effectively limits the current, protects the second MOS transistor Q2 from overcurrent damage, and extends the device life; the combined design of the first diode D1 and the ninth resistor R9 realizes the unidirectional conduction of the signal output by the MCU, prevents the reverse current from damaging the MCU, and improves the accuracy of signal transmission at the same time.

[0056] When the target control pin of the MCU outputs a high level, the current flows through the ninth resistor R9 and the first diode D1 to the base of the second transistor T2, causing the second transistor T2 to conduct. At this time, the collector of the second transistor T2 outputs a low level, and the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on through the eighth resistor R8; when the target control pin of the MCU outputs a low level, no current flows into the base of the second transistor T2, and the second transistor T2 is cut off. At this time, the second MOS transistor Q2 is cut off, cutting off the power supply. In this embodiment, through the combination of the second transistor T2 and the seventh resistor R7, the control module can reliably receive the control signal of the MCU and convert it into a signal suitable for driving the second MOS transistor Q2. This design improves the stability and reliability of the control signal, ensuring that the power supply state can be accurately controlled; the addition of the first diode D1 and the ninth resistor R9 prevents the reverse flow of current and protects the MCU from damage. This protection mechanism improves the safety and reliability of the system.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the second PCB board further includes a second soft-start module, which is connected between the second power supply contact end and the second MOS transistor Q2 and is used to slowly turn on the second MOS transistor Q2 when the enabling module is enabled.

[0058] In the above embodiments, when the enabling module is enabled, the second MOS transistor Q2 can be slowly turned on through the second soft-start module. This design effectively reduces the current impact at the moment of circuit startup, avoids circuit element damage or system instability caused by instantaneous large current, and thus improves the reliability and safety of the entire power-off system; specifically, the function, connection position of the second soft-start module ensures the smooth conduction of the second MOS transistor Q2, further optimizing the power supply control performance of the gas analyzer.

[0059] The second soft-start module is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the second MOS transistor Q2. When the enabling module is enabled, current flows through the second soft-start module to the second MOS transistor Q2. The second soft-start module usually consists of components such as capacitors and resistors. Its principle is to utilize the charging characteristic of the capacitor, so that the gate voltage of the second MOS transistor Q2 cannot reach the conduction voltage instantaneously, but gradually rises as the capacitor charges, thereby realizing the slow turn-on of the second MOS transistor Q2. This can avoid the impact on the components in the circuit due to current mutation and other reasons at the moment of enabling. In this embodiment, by slowly turning on the second MOS transistor Q2, the rising rate of the current at startup is limited, and excessive inrush current is avoided, thereby protecting the second MOS transistor Q2 and other circuit components connected thereto, prolonging their service life, and improving the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the second soft-start module includes a tenth resistor R10 and a second capacitor C2. Among them, the tenth resistor R10 is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the output terminal of the control module, and the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the tenth resistor R10.

[0061] In the above embodiment, the RC circuit composed of the tenth resistor R10 and the second capacitor C2 can smooth the voltage change at the output terminal of the control module, avoid instantaneous large current impact, thereby protecting the second MOS transistor Q2 and related circuit components; this design effectively improves the stability and reliability of the system, especially during power supply switching or startup, reducing the risk of electromagnetic interference and component damage caused by current mutation.

[0062] When the enabling module is enabled, the output terminal of the control module starts to output a signal, and the RC circuit composed of the tenth resistor R10 and the second capacitor C2 starts to charge; due to the charge and discharge characteristics of the RC circuit, the gate voltage of the second MOS transistor Q2 will gradually rise, thereby slowly turning on the second MOS transistor Q2 and avoiding the current impact when the power supply is suddenly connected; when the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the gate voltage reaches a stable value, and the second MOS transistor Q2 is fully turned on, and the system power supply terminal supplies power to the gas analyzer; when the power supply is turned on, the second capacitor C2 starts to charge, the gate voltage gradually rises, and the second MOS transistor Q2 slowly transitions from the cut-off state to the conduction state; when the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the gate voltage reaches a stable value, and the second MOS transistor Q2 is fully turned on, and the circuit between the system power supply terminal and the second power supply contact terminal is fully connected. In this embodiment, through the second soft-start module composed of the tenth resistor R10 and the second capacitor C2, the second MOS transistor Q2 can be slowly turned on, avoiding the mutation of its gate voltage, and then making the current in the circuit rise smoothly, preventing the damage of the current impact to the second MOS transistor Q2 and other related components, and improving the reliability and stability of the circuit.

[0063] In an alternative embodiment, when the second MOS transistor Q2 is in the cut-off state, the power-off system is restarted by pressing the self-resetting switch SW1.

[0064] In the above embodiment, when the MCU detects an abnormal power-off and the second MOS transistor Q2 is in the cut-off state, the user can restart the power-off system by pressing the self-resetting switch SW1, enabling the system to quickly resume power supply after an abnormal power failure or shutdown, improving the operability of the system and the user experience. The effects of this embodiment include: first, providing a simple restart mechanism without the need for external tools or complex operations; second, ensuring that the system can quickly return to the normal working state in case of an abnormality, enhancing the reliability and stability of the system.

[0065] When the second MOS transistor Q2 is in the cut-off state, the power supply path of the entire circuit is cut off, and components such as the MCU lose power. At this time, when the self-resetting switch SW1 is pressed, the self-resetting switch SW1 is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the emitter of the first transistor T1, and the base of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the third enabling contact, and the fourth enabling contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through the sixth resistor R6; after pressing the self-resetting switch SW1, the current flows from the second power supply contact terminal through the self-resetting switch SW1 to the emitter of the first transistor T1, and at the same time, a suitable bias voltage is obtained for the base of the first transistor T1 through the fifth resistor R5. And when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the third enabling contact and the fourth enabling contact come into contact, enabling the first transistor T1 to be in the conducting state. After the first transistor T1 conducts, a high-level signal is obtained at the input end of the control module through the fourth resistor R4, thereby controlling the second MOS transistor Q2 to conduct and restarting the power-off system, and components such as the MCU regain power and start working. In this embodiment, the power-off system can be restarted by simply pressing the self-resetting switch SW1, which is simple and convenient to operate, does not require additional complex operations or professional tools, reduces the operation difficulty of the user, and improves the usability of the system; it can enable the system to quickly return to the normal working state after an abnormal power-off, reduce the system downtime, and improve the availability and working efficiency of the system; this simple and reliable restart method helps to quickly resume the system operation when a small fault in the system causes a power-off, avoiding greater impacts on the entire system due to long-term downtime, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the MCU communicates with the battery management system through the first IIC interface to obtain the voltage data and current data of the battery, and the MCU also communicates with the temperature sensor through the second IIC interface to obtain the temperature data of the battery, where a set of data includes voltage data, current data, and temperature data.

[0067] In the above embodiments, the MCU can communicate with the battery management system and the temperature sensor through the first IIC interface and the second IIC interface respectively, so as to obtain the voltage data, current data and temperature data of the battery. This design enables the system to comprehensively monitor the battery status, providing accurate data support for subsequent abnormal judgment and system parameter adjustment, and effectively improving the safety and stability of the power supply system of the gas analyzer. Among them, the effect of obtaining voltage and current data through the first IIC interface is to grasp the electrical performance status of the battery in real time, and the effect of obtaining temperature data through the second IIC interface is to timely understand the thermal performance status of the battery. The combination of the two can comprehensively evaluate the working condition of the battery.

[0068] The MCU communicates with the battery management system through the first IIC interface to obtain the voltage data and current data of the battery. The IIC interface is a commonly used serial communication protocol, which has the characteristics of simple wiring and reliable transmission; the MCU communicates with the temperature sensor through the second IIC interface to obtain the temperature data of the battery. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the battery in real time to prevent safety problems caused by overheating of the battery; a set of data obtained by the MCU includes voltage data, current data and temperature data. The MCU judges the battery status according to these data. If an abnormality (such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overheat, etc.) is detected, the second MOS transistor Q2 is controlled to cut off, cutting off the system power supply to protect the battery and equipment.

[0069] In an alternative embodiment, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal based on a set of data, including at least one of the following: when the temperature data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature threshold, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal, where a set of data includes temperature data; when the current data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal, where a set of data includes current data; when the voltage data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage threshold, the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal, where a set of data includes voltage data.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the MCU can perform abnormal judgment based on the temperature, current and voltage data of the battery. Specifically: when the battery temperature exceeds the first preset temperature threshold, the power supply is cut off in time to prevent safety problems caused by overheating; when the battery current exceeds the first preset current threshold, the power supply is stopped quickly to avoid damage to the equipment caused by overcurrent; when the battery voltage exceeds the first preset voltage threshold, the power supply is interrupted immediately to prevent damage to the circuit caused by too high voltage. These measures together improve the stability and safety of the gas analyzer in a complex power supply environment.

[0071] When the temperature data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature threshold, the MCU determines that the battery has an abnormality (such as overheating), and controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to cut off, cutting off the power supply; when the current data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, the MCU determines that the battery has an abnormality (such as overcurrent), and controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to cut off, cutting off the power supply; when the voltage data of the battery is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage threshold, the MCU determines that the battery has an abnormality (such as overvoltage), and controls the second MOS transistor Q2 to cut off, cutting off the power supply. The MCU determines that the battery has an abnormality based on any one or more abnormalities in the temperature, current, and voltage data, and takes protective measures (cutting off the power supply). This multi-parameter judgment mechanism improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of abnormality detection.

[0072] Now, an example is given for illustration. For example, the normal operating temperature range of the battery is 0°C to 45°C (corresponding to the above first preset temperature threshold), the normal operating current range is 0A - 2A (corresponding to the above first preset current threshold), and the normal operating voltage range is 3.5V - 4.2V (corresponding to the above first preset voltage threshold). This is only an example, and the temperature, current, and voltage ranges can also be other numerical intervals; it is assumed that in a certain detection, the MCU obtains that the temperature of the battery is 50°C, exceeding the first preset temperature threshold (45°C). The MCU determines that the battery has an abnormality (too high temperature), and the MCU controls the second MOS transistor to cut off, cutting off the system power supply. Optionally, in practical applications, a prompt message "The battery temperature is too high, please check the device" can be sent to the user through the display unit of the gas analyzer; similarly, it is assumed that in a certain detection, the MCU obtains that the current of the battery is 2.5A, exceeding the first preset current threshold (2A). The MCU determines that the battery has an abnormality (too large current), the MCU controls the second MOS transistor to cut off, cutting off the system power supply, and a prompt message "The battery current is too large, please check the device" is sent to the user through the alarm unit; the situation of battery voltage abnormality is similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, when a set of data meets the preset conditions, the MCU is also used to adjust the system parameters, where the preset conditions include at least one of the following: the temperature data of the battery is greater than the second preset temperature threshold and less than the first preset temperature threshold; the current data of the battery is greater than the second preset current threshold and less than the first preset current threshold; the voltage data of the battery is greater than the second preset voltage threshold and less than the first preset voltage threshold.

[0074] In the above embodiments, when the temperature, current or voltage data of the battery is within a specific intermediate range, the MCU can timely adjust the system parameters. This design can take measures in advance when the battery state is approaching abnormality but has not reached the danger threshold, so as to avoid further deterioration of the battery state. Specifically, when the battery temperature is between the second preset temperature threshold and the first preset temperature threshold, it can prevent battery damage or safety hazards caused by excessive temperature; when the battery current is between the second preset current threshold and the first preset current threshold, it can avoid impact or damage to the circuit caused by excessive current; when the battery voltage is between the second preset voltage threshold and the first preset voltage threshold, it can prevent component failure or system instability caused by excessive voltage. Overall, this embodiment improves the stability and safety of the system and extends the service life of the battery.

[0075] When the temperature data of the battery is greater than the second preset temperature threshold and less than the first preset temperature threshold, or when the current data of the battery is greater than the second preset current threshold and less than the first preset current threshold, or when the voltage data of the battery is greater than the second preset voltage threshold and less than the first preset voltage threshold, the MCU makes system parameter adjustments. The MCU dynamically adjusts the system parameters (such as reducing the device power consumption, limiting the current output, adjusting the sampling frequency, etc.) according to the situation that the battery state is approaching abnormality, so as to avoid further deterioration of the battery state. This adjustment is a preventive measure aimed at preventing the battery state from reaching the danger threshold and triggering power cut-off.

[0076] In an alternative embodiment, when a set of data meets the preset conditions, the MCU is also used to make system parameter adjustments, including: when a set of data meets the preset conditions, the MCU is also used to reduce the air pump speed and the processor frequency of the MCU.

[0077] In the above embodiments, when the temperature, current or voltage data of the battery is within the preset critical range, the MCU can actively reduce the air pump speed and its own processor frequency, thereby effectively reducing the system power consumption and heat generation. This design can not only take preventive measures before the battery state approaches abnormality to avoid potential safety risks, but also extend the service life of the battery and improve the stability and reliability of the entire gas analyzer in a complex working environment.

[0078] When the temperature, current, or voltage data of the battery meet the preset conditions, that is, when it is in a non-dangerous but non-ideal state, the MCU needs to take measures to reduce the burden on the battery and restore the operating state of the battery to a more reasonable range. Reducing the rotational speed of the air pump can reduce the power consumption of the air pump because the air pump consumes a certain amount of current during operation, and reducing its rotational speed can directly reduce the output current of the battery. At the same time, reducing the processor frequency of the MCU can also reduce its power consumption. The processor consumes more electrical energy when operating at a high frequency. By reducing the frequency, the computing speed of the processor is reduced, and accordingly, its electrical energy consumption is reduced, thereby reducing the load on the battery and helping to maintain the normal operating state of the battery. In related technologies, when the battery has a non-serious abnormality, the device often lacks targeted measures. The device may continue to operate at normal power, resulting in the battery continuously bearing a large load in this non-ideal state, accelerating battery aging, and even possibly causing more serious problems. Moreover, the existing technology may not consider the impact of the power consumption of different components on the battery state, lacking effective regulation of key components such as the air pump and the MCU processor, and unable to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the device according to the battery state. In this embodiment, by reducing the rotational speed of the air pump and the MCU processor frequency, the power consumption of the device is specifically reduced, the battery usage efficiency is optimized, the battery can maintain relatively stable performance even in a non-ideal state, and the usage time of the battery after a single charge is extended; the burden on the battery is reduced, and thus the potential damage that the poor battery state may cause to other hardware of the device is reduced, such as avoiding damage to circuit components caused by unstable battery output, which helps to extend the overall service life of the device.

[0079] For example, assume that the rotational speed of the air pump of a handheld gas analyzer during normal operation is 3000 RPM (revolutions per minute), the normal operating voltage of the battery is 3.7V, the current is 500mA, and the system power is 1.85W (3.7V × 500mA). It should be noted that the parameter values here are only an example and can also be other values.

[0080] When the MCU detects that the battery temperature exceeds 40°C (corresponding to the second preset temperature threshold above) and is lower than 45°C (corresponding to the first preset temperature threshold above), the following measures can be taken: ① Reduce power: The MCU reduces the system power from 1.85W to 1.2W to reduce the load and heat generation of the battery; ② Adjust the air pump speed: The air pump speed is reduced from 3000 RPM to 2000 RPM to reduce power consumption and heat generation; ③ Reduce the core frequency: The MCU reduces the processor frequency from 100 MHz to 50 MHz to further reduce the system power consumption. For another example, when the MCU detects that the battery voltage drops to 3.2V (the normal voltage range is 3.5V to 4.2V), the following measures can be taken: ① Reduce power: The MCU reduces the system power from 1.85W to 1.0W to extend the battery life; ② Adjust the air pump speed: The air pump speed is reduced from 3000 RPM to 1500 RPM to reduce power consumption; ③ Reduce the core frequency: The MCU reduces the processor frequency from 100 MHz to 30 MHz to further reduce the system power consumption.

[0081] The present application also provides a handheld gas analyzer, including the power cut-off system in any of the foregoing embodiments, and a gas analyzer body, wherein the power cut-off system is used to control the power supply to the gas analyzer body.

[0082] In the above embodiment, by integrating a battery compartment and a battery management system in the lower cover body, and using the first MOS transistor Q1 to control the on / off of the battery power supply, combined with the contact state of the first enabling contact and the second enabling contact when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, it is possible to intelligently judge and control the on / off of the power supply circuit, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system; the second MOS transistor Q2 and the MCU on the second PCB board work together to ensure the stability of the battery power supply to the gas analyzer and the abnormal detection ability. The MCU can timely judge the battery state according to the voltage, current and temperature data of the battery and cut off the power supply in case of abnormality, avoiding potential safety hazards; the entire solution through modular design and intelligent control significantly enhances the adaptability of the gas analyzer in a complex power supply environment, reduces the design difficulty and cost, and at the same time improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0083] The handheld gas analyzer integrates a specific power cut-off system and the gas analyzer body. The power cut-off system is used to control the power supply to the gas analyzer body, ensuring that the device can cut off the power in a timely manner when the battery state is abnormal, protecting the device and user safety. The working principle of the power cut-off system is based on the coordinated operation of multiple components inside it. For example, when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned on by the contact of the enabling contact, and then the battery supplies power to the second PCB board. At the same time, the MCU on the second PCB board can obtain battery data and control the on-off of the second MOS transistor Q2 according to the battery state to achieve power supply control. Applying such a complex and delicate power cut-off system to the gas analyzer body is to achieve comprehensive and reliable control of the power supply link of the gas analyzer, ensuring that the gas analyzer body can obtain stable and safe power supply under various circumstances.

[0084] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following will specifically describe the present application in combination with specific embodiments.

[0085] The embodiment of the present application provides a power active cut-off system for a handheld gas analyzer. The following will detail the embodiment of the present application.

[0086] The overall system structure includes: Upper cover: It contains components such as the main body of the gas analyzer, MCU, and peripheral components.

[0087] Lower cover: It serves as a battery compartment and also integrates a battery management circuit board.

[0088] Intelligent power management: Sensor network: It includes temperature, current, humidity, and current sensors, which real-time monitor the power supply compartment and environmental status and communicate using the IIC interface.

[0089] Algorithm: Through the MCU algorithm, based on the sensor data in the battery compartment, the power management strategy is adjusted. For example, when an anomaly is detected, the power can be automatically reduced, such as reducing the core frequency or adjusting the air pump speed, to prevent potential safety hazards caused by overheating of the battery.

[0090] Power self-check: The power system is self-checked when the device is started to ensure that all safety measures are working properly.

[0091] Multiple safety trigger mechanisms: Contact piece trigger: The MOS transistor method is used to supply power when the upper cover and the lower cover are combined through the contact piece, and cut off the power when they are separated.

[0092] Magnetic detection: Magnetic sensors are used for detection, such as Hall sensors to detect the alignment and closing state of the upper and lower covers, as an additional safety check for power-on, preventing mis-touch or incomplete contact of the contact piece.

[0093] Figure 2 Among them, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the first capacitor C1, and the first MOS transistor Q1 form a soft-start switching circuit. When the EN2 contact of the upper cover is combined with the EN1 contact of the lower cover, the first MOS transistor Q1 is slowly turned on, and the battery outputs to the contact of the lower cover through the first MOS transistor Q1. If the EN2 contact of the upper cover is not in contact with the EN1 contact of the lower cover, there is no voltage output at the contact of the lower cover at this time, which can prevent potential safety hazards caused by short circuits at the contacts.

[0094] Figure 3 is a partial example diagram of the upper and lower PCB boards provided by an embodiment of the present application. EN1, EN2, EN3, and EN4 respectively correspond to the aforementioned first enable contact, second enable contact, third enable contact, and fourth enable contact. Power1 and Power2 respectively correspond to the aforementioned first power supply contact terminal and second power supply contact terminal. When the first PCB board (i.e., the lower cover PCB board) and the second PCB board (i.e., the upper cover PCB board) are closed, the MCU and the battery management system can communicate through the IIC interface, such as Figure 3 SDA and SCL in. Hall sensors (including the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor) are used to detect whether the upper cover and the lower cover are aligned and fully closed.

[0095] Figure 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a power active cut-off system provided by an embodiment of the present application. After EN3 and EN4 are in good contact, at this time, when the self-resetting switch SW1 is pressed, the first transistor T1 conducts. After the first transistor T1 conducts, the second transistor T2 conducts. After the second transistor T2 conducts, the second MOS transistor Q2 conducts. At this time, SYSTEM_POWER (corresponding to the aforementioned system power supply terminal) is turned on. After the MCU is powered on, MCU_POWER_CONTROL (corresponding to the aforementioned target control pin of the MCU) outputs a high level to maintain the conduction of the second MOS transistor Q2. When an abnormality is detected in the battery pack, MCU_POWER_CONTROL outputs a low level. At this time, the second transistor T2 is turned off, resulting in the second MOS transistor Q2 being turned off, and System_power is turned off. At this time, the MCU loses power and cannot maintain the conduction of the second MOS transistor Q2. It is necessary to press the self-resetting switch SW1 again to turn it on again.

[0096] The first diode D1 plays an isolation role to prevent VCC2 from backfeeding to the MCU_POWER_CONTROL pin and causing an abnormality.

[0097] Figure 2 VCC1 in corresponds to the aforementioned first power supply contact terminal Power1, Figure 4 VCC2 in corresponds to the aforementioned first power supply contact terminal Power2.

[0098] The embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects: 1) Enhance security. Multiple triggering and monitoring mechanisms significantly reduce the risks of power failures and misoperations; 2) Improve reliability. Intelligent power management and self-check systems ensure stable operation under various environmental conditions; 3) Strong adaptability. The device can adjust the power strategy according to the specific usage environment, improving the adaptability of the device and the lifespan of the sensor.

[0099] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc), and includes several instructions to enable a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0100] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed, the method steps described in any one of the above are executed.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, the above computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to: USB flash drive, read-only memory (abbreviated as ROM), random access memory (abbreviated as RAM), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disc and other various media that can store computer programs.

[0102] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the various embodiments have their own focuses. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0103] The above are only the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure cannot be limited thereby. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure still fall within the scope covered by the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification, those skilled in the art will easily think of other implementation schemes of the present disclosure.

[0104] The present application aims to cover any variations, uses, or adaptive changes of the present disclosure, and these variations, uses, or adaptive changes follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not recorded in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A power cut-off system, applied to a gas analyzer, characterized in that Comprising: An upper cover body and a lower cover body. The lower cover body includes a first PCB board, and the upper cover body includes a second PCB board. Among them, A first MOS transistor is provided on the first PCB board. The first MOS transistor is arranged between the battery output terminal and the first power supply contact terminal. Among them, the first power supply contact terminal is located on the first PCB board. The lower cover body serves as a battery compartment and is integrated with a battery management system. The battery is used to supply power to the gas analyzer, and the first MOS transistor is used to control the on / off of the power supply of the battery; The first PCB board is provided with a first enable contact, and the second PCB board is provided with a second enable contact. The second enable contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal, and the first enable contact is electrically connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor; when the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the first MOS transistor is turned on by the contact between the first enable contact and the second enable contact. When the first enable contact and the second enable contact are not in contact, the first MOS transistor is in the cut-off state; A second MOS transistor is provided on the second PCB board. The second MOS transistor is arranged between the second power supply contact terminal and the system power supply terminal. Among them, the second power supply contact terminal is located on the second PCB board. When the upper cover body and the lower cover body are closed, the battery supplies power to the second PCB board through the contact between the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal. When the second MOS transistor is turned on, the gas analyzer is powered through the system power supply terminal; The second PCB board further includes an MCU. In the case where the first power supply contact terminal and the second power supply contact terminal are in contact, the MCU is used to obtain a set of data of the battery, and in the case where it is determined that the battery is abnormal according to the set of data, the second MOS transistor is controlled to be cut off. Among them, the system power supply terminal is also used to supply power to the MCU.

2. The power cut-off system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first PCB board includes a first soft-start module. The first soft-start module is connected between the battery output terminal and the first MOS transistor and is used to slowly turn on the first MOS transistor when the first enable contact and the second enable contact are in contact.

3. The power-off system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first soft-start module includes a first resistor and a first capacitor. The first resistor is connected between the positive pole of the battery output terminal and the first enable contact. The first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first resistor. The source electrode of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the battery output terminal. The drain electrode of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first power supply contact terminal. The first enable contact is electrically connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor through a second resistor. The second enable contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through a third resistor.

4. The power cut-off system according to claim 1, wherein The first PCB board is provided with a first magnet and a second magnet, and the second PCB board is provided with a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor. The first Hall sensor transmits a first detection result to the MCU, and the second Hall sensor transmits a second detection result to the MCU. The MCU determines the alignment and closing state between the upper cover and the lower cover based on the first detection result and the second detection result. Among them, when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, the first magnet is at a position corresponding to the first Hall sensor on the first PCB board, and the second magnet is at a position corresponding to the second Hall sensor on the first PCB board.

5. The power cut-off system according to claim 1, wherein The power cut-off system further includes an enable module and a control module. The enable module is connected between the second power supply contact end and the input end of the control module. The input end of the control module is also electrically connected to the target control pin of the MCU, and the output end of the control module is electrically connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor. Among them, when the enable module is enabled, the enable module makes the second MOS transistor in a conducting state through the control module and enables the MCU to be powered on. And when the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal according to the set of data, the second MOS transistor is controlled to be in a cut-off state through the control module.

6. The power cut-off system according to claim 5, wherein, The enable module includes: a self-resetting switch, a first transistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor. The self-resetting switch, the first transistor, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are all located on the second PCB board, and the sixth resistor is located on the first PCB board. Among them, the self-resetting switch is connected between the second power supply contact end and the emitter of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is electrically connected to the input end of the control module through the fourth resistor, and the fifth resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the first transistor; the base of the first transistor is electrically connected to the third enable contact, and the fourth enable contact is electrically connected to the ground terminal through the sixth resistor. Among them, the third enable contact is located on the second PCB board, and the fourth enable contact is located on the first PCB board; when the upper cover and the lower cover are closed, when the self-resetting switch is pressed, the first transistor is in a conducting state through the contact between the third enable contact and the fourth enable contact, and the enable module is in an enabled state and the second MOS transistor is in a conducting state; after the self-resetting switch is pressed and released, a high level is provided to the input end of the control module through the target control pin of the MCU to maintain the conduction of the second MOS transistor. And when the MCU determines that the battery is abnormal according to the set of data, a low level is provided to the input end of the control module through the target control pin of the MCU to make the second MOS transistor in a cut-off state.

7. The power-off system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control module includes: a second transistor and a seventh resistor. The base of the second transistor serves as the input end of the control module, the collector of the second transistor serves as the output end of the control module, the emitter of the second transistor is electrically connected to the ground terminal, the seventh resistor is connected between the base and the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the second transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor through an eighth resistor, and the second transistor, the seventh resistor, and the eighth resistor are all located on the second PCB board; The second PCB board further includes a first diode and a ninth resistor. Among them, the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor, and the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the target control pin of the MCU through the ninth resistor.

8. The power cut-off system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second PCB board further includes a second soft-start module, which is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the second MOS transistor and is used to slowly turn on the second MOS transistor when the enabling module is enabled.

9. The power cut-off system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second soft-start module includes a tenth resistor and a second capacitor. Among them, the tenth resistor is connected between the second power supply contact terminal and the output end of the control module, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the tenth resistor.

10. A handheld gas analyzer, characterized in that, It includes a power cut-off system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a gas analyzer body, wherein the power cut-off system is used to control the power supply of the gas analyzer body.

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