Automatic light sensation tracking device for photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic light sensation tracking device for a photovoltaic panel, which is characterized in that a photovoltaic panel main body is mounted in a fixed frame, the bottom of the fixed frame is provided with a steering assembly, the top of a base is movably provided with a rotating mechanism which supports rotation around the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, and the rotating mechanism is movably connected with a rotating support plate for supporting the fixed frame; the top end of the fixed frame is provided with a photosensitive induction mechanism, the photosensitive induction mechanism comprises a follow-up disc, a negative column is arranged on the top surface perpendicular to the follow-up disc, the negative column can generate a shadow under the irradiation of sunlight, and a plurality of photosensitive resistors used for inducing the shadow of the negative column are arranged on one side surrounding the negative column; according to the invention, the light dependent resistor in the photosensitive induction mechanism is used for capturing the shadow of the negative column, and the control processor is used for locking the accurate position of the light dependent resistor covered by the shadow, so that the rotating mechanism is controlled to drive the photovoltaic panel to carry out light-following rotation, the photovoltaic panel is ensured to be directly irradiated by sunlight all the time, and the light energy conversion efficiency is maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panels, and specifically to an automatic light-sensing tracking device for photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic panel is a device that uses solar energy to convert light energy into electrical energy. It consists of multiple solar cells that directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. The working principle of a photovoltaic panel is based on the photovoltaic effect, that is, when sunlight shines on the photovoltaic panel, photons interact with atoms in the semiconductor material, exciting electrons to jump from the valence band to the conduction band, thus generating an electric current. The materials of photovoltaic panels are diverse, including silicon, gallides, etc. Among them, silicon-based photovoltaic panels are the most common type, which are divided into single-crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon. Photovoltaic panels have the advantages of being clean, renewable, and noise-free, and are widely used in fields such as rooftops and solar power stations, making important contributions to the development of sustainable energy. With the continuous progress of technology, the efficiency of photovoltaic panels has been continuously improved and the cost has been continuously reduced. It is expected to be more popular and developed in the future.

[0003] A photovoltaic panel is one of the components of a photovoltaic power generation system and is a thin photovoltaic semiconductor sheet that directly generates electricity using sunlight. In the actual use of photovoltaic panels, due to the continuous rotation of the earth, the sunlight irradiated by the sun changes continuously within a day. Since the installation of current photovoltaic panels is usually in a fixed direction, when the sunlight does not shine on the photovoltaic panel from the front, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel will be reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that due to the continuous rotation of the earth, the sunlight irradiated by the sun changes continuously within a day, and since the installation of current photovoltaic panels is usually in a fixed direction, when the sunlight does not shine on the photovoltaic panel from the front, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel will be reduced, etc.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions: providing an automatic light-sensing tracking device for photovoltaic panels, including a photovoltaic panel main body, the photovoltaic panel main body is installed in a fixed frame, a steering component is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame, the steering component includes a base, a rotating mechanism that supports rotation around the vertical and longitudinal directions is movably installed on the top of the base, and a rotating support plate for supporting the fixed frame is movably connected to the rotating mechanism; a light-sensitive sensing mechanism is installed at the top end of the fixed frame, the light-sensitive sensing mechanism includes a tracking disc, a shading column is provided on the top surface perpendicular to the tracking disc, the shading column will generate a shadow under sunlight irradiation, and a plurality of photoresistors for sensing the shadow of the shading column are installed on one side around the shading column.

[0006] Further, the rotating mechanism includes a circumferential rotating member that rotates around the vertical direction. The circumferential rotating member includes a first mounting seat, on which a first mounting block is installed. A first worm is installed on the first mounting block. One end of the first worm is provided with a first gear. A first motor is arranged above the first mounting seat, and a second gear is installed at the output end of the first motor. The first gear and the second gear are connected by a first belt drive. A third gear is installed on the first mounting seat, which meshes with the first worm, and a first rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the middle part of the third gear.

[0007] Further, the rotating mechanism includes an angular rotating member that rotates around the longitudinal direction. The angular rotating member includes an ear plate. On one side of the ear plate, a second mounting block is installed by screws. A second worm is installed on the second mounting block. One end of the second worm is provided with a fourth gear. A second motor is arranged on one side of the second mounting block, and a fifth gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor. The fifth gear and the fourth gear are connected by a second belt drive. A sixth gear is arranged on one side of the second mounting block, which meshes with the second worm, and a second rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the middle part of the sixth gear.

[0008] Further, a control processor is installed on the base. Seven photoresistors are installed on the light chasing disc at equal angles around the shading column. Each photoresistor is electrically connected to the control processor, and the control processor records the position coordinates of each photoresistor.

[0009] Further, the rotating mechanism includes a housing. The second rotating shaft penetrates through the housing and is rotatably installed on the housing. The two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating support plate. The first mounting seat is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the housing, and the first rotating shaft penetrates through the housing and is rotatably installed on the base.

[0010] Further, a first connecting plate is installed on one side of the first mounting block by screws, and the first motor is fixedly installed on the first connecting plate by screws. A second connecting plate is installed on one side of the second mounting block by screws, and the second motor is fixedly installed on the second connecting plate by screws.

[0011] Further, the rotating mechanism is electrically connected to the control processor.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The automatic light-sensing tracking device uses a photoresistor in the light-sensitive induction mechanism to capture the shadow of the shading column, and then uses a control processor to lock the precise position of the photoresistor covered by the shadow, thereby controlling the rotating mechanism to drive the photovoltaic panel to perform light-tracking rotation, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel is always directly irradiated by sunlight, so as to maximize the light energy conversion efficiency.

[0014] 2. Through the circumferential rotating component and the angular rotating component of the rotating mechanism, all-round tracking of the photovoltaic panel is achieved, enabling it to rotate freely in the horizontal and vertical directions, making full use of the light resources; the control processor records the position coordinates of the photoresistor, monitors the state of the light-sensitive induction mechanism in real time, and automatically adjusts the angle and position of the photovoltaic panel according to the change of sunlight, ensuring the best light capture effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the circumferential rotating component in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the circumferential rotating component in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the angular rotating component in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the angular rotating component in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1 - photovoltaic panel main body, 2 - fixed frame, 3 - steering assembly, 4 - rotating mechanism, 5 - light-sensitive induction mechanism, 6 - control processor;

[0022] 31 - base, 32 - rotating support plate, 41 - circumferential rotating component, 43 - angular rotating component, 45 - housing, 51 - light-tracking disc, 52 - shading column, 53 - photoresistor;

[0023] 411 - first mounting seat, 412 - first mounting block, 413 - first worm, 414 - first gear, 415 - first motor, 416 - second gear, 417 - first belt, 418 - third gear, 419 - first rotating shaft, 420 - first connecting plate;

[0024] 431 - Ear plate, 432 - Second mounting block, 433 - Second worm, 434 - Fourth gear, 435 - Second motor, 436 - Fifth gear, 437 - Second belt, 438 - Sixth gear, 439 - Second rotating shaft, 440 - Second connecting plate. Detailed implementation manner

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0027] Combined with Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel includes a photovoltaic panel main body 1, and the photovoltaic panel main body 1 is installed in a fixed frame 2. It is characterized in that: a steering assembly 3 is provided at the bottom of the fixed frame 2, and the steering assembly 3 includes a base 31. A rotating mechanism 4 that supports rotation around the vertical and longitudinal directions is movably installed on the top of the base 31. A rotating support plate 32 for supporting the fixed frame 2 is movably connected to the rotating mechanism 4; a light-sensitive sensing mechanism 5 is installed at the top end of the fixed frame 2. The light-sensitive sensing mechanism 5 includes a light-seeking disc 51. A shading column 52 is provided on the top surface perpendicular to the light-seeking disc 51. The shading column 52 will generate a shadow under sunlight irradiation. A plurality of photoresistors 53 for sensing the shadow of the shading column 52 are installed on one side around the shading column 52;

[0028] The rotating mechanism 4 includes a circumferential rotating component 41 that rotates around the vertical direction, and the circumferential rotating component 41 includes a first mounting seat 411, a first mounting block 412 is mounted on the first mounting seat 411, a first worm 413 is mounted on the first mounting block 412, a first gear 414 is mounted on one end of the first worm 413, a first motor 415 is arranged above the first mounting seat 411, a second gear 416 is mounted on the output end of the first motor 415, and the first gear 414 and the second gear 416 are connected through a first belt 417; a third gear 418 is mounted on the first mounting seat 411, and the third gear 418 is mounted on the output end of the first motor 415. The wheel 418 is meshed with the first worm 413, and the middle part of the third gear 418 is fixedly mounted with the first rotating shaft 419; the rotating mechanism 4 includes an angular rotating component 43 that rotates around the longitudinal direction, and the angular rotating component 43 includes an ear plate 431, and a second mounting block 432 is mounted on one side of the ear plate 431 by screws, and a second worm 433 is mounted on the second mounting block 432, and a fourth gear 434 is mounted on one end of the second worm 433, and a second motor 435 is arranged on one side of the second mounting block 432, and a fifth gear 436 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second motor 435, and the fifth gear 436 is aligned with the fourth gear 434. The sixth gear 438 is connected through the second belt 437, and the sixth gear 438 is meshed with the second worm 433. The middle part of the sixth gear 438 is fixedly installed with the second rotating shaft 439; the control processor 6 is installed on the base 31, and seven photoresistors 53 are installed on the tracking disk 51 at equal angles around the negative column 52. Each photoresistor 53 is electrically connected to the control processor 6, and the control processor 6 records the position coordinates of each photoresistor 53; the rotating mechanism 4 includes a shell 45, and the second rotating shaft 439 passes through the shell 45 and is rotatably installed on the shell 45, both ends of the second rotating shaft 439 are fixedly connected to the rotating support plate 32 respectively; the first mounting seat 411 is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom surface of the shell 45, and the first rotating shaft 419 penetrates the shell 45 and is rotatably mounted on the base 31; the first mounting block 412 is mounted on the first connecting plate 420 by screws on one side, and the first motor 415 is fixedly mounted on the first connecting plate 420 by screws; the second mounting block 432 is mounted on the second connecting plate 440 by screws on one side, and the second motor 435 is fixedly mounted on the second connecting plate 440 by screws; the rotating mechanism 4 is electrically connected to the control processor 6.

[0029] Working principle: During use, when the sun shines directly on the surface of the main body 1 of the photovoltaic panel, the shading column 52 will not produce a shadow or produce a shadow in a very small area so that it will not cover the photoresistor 53. Thus, the main body 1 of the photovoltaic panel can absorb the maximum amount of light and perform the highest conversion of power generation efficiency. When the light changes and tilts over time, the shadow produced by the shading column 52 will become longer and the shadow area will become larger. In this way, the shadow will block the photoresistor 53 surrounding one side of the shading column 52. At this time, the photoresistor 53 covered by the shadow will send an electrical signal to the control processor 6, and the control processor 6 will lock the position of this photoresistor 53, then calculate the angle of the tilt of the light, and then the control processor 6 will control the rotating mechanism 4 to rotate in a circle or at an angle, so that the main body 1 of the photovoltaic panel is in the position directly irradiated by the sun, so that the shadow produced by the shading column 52 is controlled within a very small range, so that the main body 1 of the photovoltaic panel can absorb the light to the greatest extent, thus achieving the highest conversion of power generation efficiency.

[0030] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0031] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel, comprising a photovoltaic panel main body (1), and the photovoltaic panel main body (1) is installed in a fixed frame (2), characterized in that: A steering assembly (3) is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame (2), and the steering assembly (3) includes a base (31), and a rotating mechanism (4) that rotates vertically and longitudinally is movably installed on the top of the base (31), and a rotating support plate (32) for supporting the fixed frame (2) is movably connected and installed on the rotating mechanism (4); a light-sensitive sensing mechanism (5) is installed at the top of the fixed frame (2), and the light-sensitive sensing mechanism (5) includes a chasing light disc (51), and a shadow-forming column (52) is arranged on the top surface perpendicular to the chasing light disc (51), and the shadow-forming column (52) will produce a shadow under sunlight, and a plurality of photoresistors (53) for sensing the shadow of the shadow-forming column (52) are arranged around one side of the shadow-forming column (52).

2. The automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating mechanism (4) comprises a circumferential rotating component (41) rotating around a vertical direction, the circumferential rotating component (41) comprising a first mounting seat (411), a first mounting block (412) being mounted on the first mounting seat (411), a first worm (413) being mounted on the first mounting block (412), a first gear (414) being mounted on one end of the first worm (413), a first motor (415) being arranged above the first mounting seat (411), a second gear (416) being mounted on the output end of the first motor (415), the first gear (414) and the second gear (416) being connected in transmission via a first belt (417); a third gear (418) being mounted on the first mounting seat (411), the third gear (418) being meshed with the first worm (413), a first rotating shaft (419) being fixedly mounted on the middle portion of the third gear (418).

3. The automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, wherein: The rotating mechanism (4) comprises an angular rotating component (43) rotating about a longitudinal direction, the angular rotating component (43) comprising an ear plate (431), a second mounting block (432) being mounted on one side of the ear plate (431) by means of screws, a second worm gear (433) being mounted on the second mounting block (432), a fourth gear (434) being mounted on one end of the second worm gear (433), a second motor (435) being arranged on one side of the second mounting block (432), a fifth gear (436) being fixedly mounted on the output end of the second motor (435), the fifth gear (436) being connected to the fourth gear (434) by means of a second belt (437), a sixth gear (438) being arranged on one side of the second mounting block (432), the sixth gear (438) being meshed with the second worm gear (433), a second rotating shaft (439) being fixedly mounted on the middle portion of the sixth gear (438).

4. The automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel according to claim 3, wherein: A control processor (6) is installed on the base (31), and seven photoresistors (53) are installed on the tracking optical disk (51) at equal angles around the negative column (52). Each of the photoresistors (53) is electrically connected to the control processor (6), and the control processor (6) records the position coordinates of each of the photoresistors (53).

5. The automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotation mechanism (4) includes a housing (45). The second rotation shaft (439) penetrates through the housing (45) and is rotatably installed on the housing (45). Both ends of the second rotation shaft (439) are fixedly connected to the rotation support plate (32) respectively. The first mounting seat (411) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the housing (45). The first rotation shaft (419) penetrates through the housing (45) and is rotatably installed on the base (31).

6. The automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, wherein: One side of the first mounting block (412) is installed with a first connecting plate (420) by screws. The first motor (415) is fixedly installed on the first connecting plate (420) by screws. One side of the second mounting block (432) is installed with a second connecting plate (440) by screws. The second motor (435) is fixedly installed on the second connecting plate (440) by screws.

7. The automatic light-sensing tracking device for a photovoltaic panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotation mechanism (4) is electrically connected to the control processor (6).

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