Integrated monitoring equipment for the entire construction environment based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated monitoring device for the entire environment of a construction project based on the Internet of Things, which belongs to the technical field of construction engineering. The device comprises a hemispherical mounting seat, a monitoring body is mounted on the horizontal end surface of the hemispherical mounting seat, and the hemispherical mounting seat and the monitoring body form a spherical shape. The present invention installs the monitoring body on the hemispherical mounting seat, and provides a power storage rotation mechanism at positions corresponding to the axis on both sides of the hemispherical shell. The position of the hemispherical mounting seat can be limited by a plug-in limit mechanism during normal use, and then used in conjunction with a downward unlocking mechanism, a rotation buffer mechanism, and an upward unlocking mechanism. When the device is impacted by falling objects from a high altitude, it can not only provide buffering protection, but also, when the impact range is large and the bottom of the monitoring body is collided and squeezed, the hemispherical mounting seat can be controlled to drive the monitoring body to rotate, and the monitoring body can be hidden inside the shell for safety protection, thereby improving the safety of use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an integrated monitoring device, in particular to an Internet of Things-based building engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device, and belongs to the technical field of building engineering. Background Art

[0002] The integrated full-environment monitoring equipment for construction projects integrates sensors, video monitoring, data processing and other technologies to conduct real-time dynamic monitoring of the construction site's environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, dust, harmful gases, etc.), structural safety (settlement, tilt, stress and strain), equipment operating status (tower crane, elevator operating parameters) and construction progress. It has multi-dimensional data collection, intelligent analysis and risk warning capabilities.

[0003] Currently, in actual use, monitoring equipment is unable to provide safety protection when the equipment is hit by falling objects from high altitude and bottom collisions. When the equipment is hit by mechanical collisions on the construction site (such as excavators and crane operations) or falling objects from high altitude hit the monitoring camera, it will cause physical damage to the equipment, resulting in equipment shutdown and data collection interruption. Frequent repairs and replacements are required, which increases operation and maintenance costs and the service life of the device.

[0004] For this purpose, an integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment based on the Internet of Things is designed to optimize the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated monitoring device for the entire environment of a construction project based on the Internet of Things. By installing the monitoring body on a hemispherical mounting seat and providing a force storage rotation mechanism at the positions corresponding to the axis on both sides of the hemispherical shell, the hemispherical mounting seat can be continuously applied with a rotational force during normal use, and the position of the hemispherical mounting seat can be limited by the plug-in limit mechanism during normal use. The device is then used in conjunction with a downward unlocking mechanism, a rotation buffer mechanism and an upward unlocking mechanism, so that when the device is impacted by falling objects from high altitude, it can not only provide buffering protection, but also be within the impact range of falling objects from high altitude. When the case is large, the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism can be released, and the power storage rotation mechanism can release the rotation force, control the hemispherical mounting seat to drive the monitoring body to rotate, and hide the monitoring body inside the shell for safety protection. In addition, when the bottom of the monitoring body is collided and squeezed, the upward pressure unlocking mechanism can also release the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism, and the monitoring body is protected from rotation, which improves the safety of use. The plug-in limit mechanism composed of the installation slot, the plug-in block, the first spring, the slot, and the ball bearing, when in normal use, the plug-in block is inserted into the inside of the slot for limitation, and the hook-shaped guard plate, the second spring, and the pull rope are used to form a plug-in limit mechanism. The unlocking mechanism is pressed down for use. When a falling object from a high altitude impacts all the hook-shaped guard plates, the lock of the plug-in limit mechanism is released and the monitoring body is hidden. When only a single hook-shaped guard plate is impacted, the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism is not completely released. Instead, the hook-shaped guard plate is elastically buffered in conjunction with the second spring, and then the rotating buffer mechanism composed of the lower sleeve, slip ring, ball cage universal joint, third spring, limit ring, upper sleeve, partition, spiral rod and strip groove is used. At the same time, the downward movement of the shell is controlled when it is subjected to impact force, and the ball cage universal joint is used to cause the shell to deviate outward to avoid it. In addition, during the downward movement of the shell, the spiral rod passes through the strip groove The groove will also control the rotation of the outer shell and perform rotational force unloading, which can improve the impact protection effect during use. The upward pressure unlocking mechanism composed of a fixed seat, a slide groove, a hidden groove, a through port, a protrusion, a fitting plate, and a fourth spring can control the upward movement of the outer shell when the monitoring body is subjected to an upward force. The protrusion on the side of the fixed seat is used to squeeze the ends of multiple groups of hook-shaped guard plates to unlock the plug-in limit mechanism, control the rotation protection of the monitoring body, and adopt a purely mechanical structure of linkage control protection. In high-risk and high-pollution environments such as construction projects, it can significantly improve the survivability and protection timeliness of monitoring equipment, and is more practical.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] IoT-based integrated monitoring equipment for the entire construction environment, including a hemispherical mount;

[0008] A monitoring body is mounted on the horizontal end surface of the hemispherical mounting seat. The hemispherical mounting seat and the monitoring body form a spherical shape. A shell is provided on the outside of the hemispherical mounting seat. A power storage rotation mechanism is provided at positions corresponding to the axis on both sides of the shell. The power storage rotation mechanism applies a vertical rotation force to the hemispherical mounting seat.

[0009] A plug-in limiting mechanism is evenly provided between the inner side of the shell and the top of the hemispherical mounting seat, and the shell locks the position of the hemispherical mounting seat through the plug-in limiting mechanism;

[0010] The outer side of the shell is evenly provided with a push-down unlocking mechanism along the circumferential direction. The push-down unlocking mechanism corresponds to the plug-in limit mechanism, and the push-down unlocking mechanism respectively releases the lock of the plug-in limit mechanism on the hemispherical mounting seat;

[0011] A rotation buffer mechanism is provided at the middle position of the top end of the shell;

[0012] A push-up unlocking structure is provided on the top of the rotary buffer mechanism, and the push-up unlocking structure releases the locking of the hemispherical mounting seat by the multiple groups of plug-in limiting mechanisms.

[0013] Preferably: the power storage rotating mechanism includes a groove, a shaft and a spring spring, the groove is symmetrically opened on the inner side of the shell, the shaft is rotatably installed at the middle position of the end surface of the groove, the outer end of the shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the hemispherical mounting seat, and the outer side of the shaft is provided with a spring spring, and the two ends of the spring spring are respectively fixedly connected to the shaft and the side of the groove.

[0014] Preferably: the plug-in limit mechanism includes a mounting groove, an insert block, a first spring and a slot. The mounting grooves are evenly arranged in a circular array on the inner top of the shell. The mounting grooves are perpendicular to the inner surface of the shell. Insert blocks are slidably arranged inside the mounting grooves toward the hemispherical mounting seat. A first spring is provided between the insert block and the inner end of the mounting groove. A slot matching the insert block is provided on the outer side of the top of the hemispherical mounting seat, and the end of the insert block is inserted into the inside of the slot.

[0015] Preferably, a ball is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of each inserting block, and the outer side of the ball contacts the end surface of the slot.

[0016] Preferably: the downward-pressing unlocking mechanism includes a hook-shaped guard plate, a second spring and a pull rope. The hook-shaped guard plate is evenly arranged on the outer side of the top of the shell along the circumferential direction. The top of the hook-shaped guard plate is hinged to the shell. The number of hook-shaped guard plates is the same as the number of plug-in limit mechanisms. A second spring is provided between the inner side of the hook-shaped guard plate and the shell. A pull rope is fixedly installed between the outer side of the top of the hook-shaped guard plate and the plug block, and the pull rope is slidably connected to the shell.

[0017] Preferably, four groups of hook-shaped guard plates are provided, and the sides of adjacent hook-shaped guard plates fit together.

[0018] Preferably: the rotation buffer mechanism includes a lower sleeve, a slip ring, a ball cage universal joint, a third spring, a limit ring and a horizontal rotation component. The lower sleeve is located in the middle position of the top of the outer shell, the bottom of the lower sleeve is in contact with the top of the outer shell, a slip ring is provided for vertical sliding inside the lower sleeve, the top of the slip ring and the inner top of the lower sleeve are fixed with the third spring, a ball cage universal joint is installed on the inner side of the slip ring through a bearing, the movable end of the bottom of the ball cage universal joint is fixedly connected to the outer shell, a horizontal rotation component for controlling the rotation of the ball cage universal joint is provided on the inner top of the lower sleeve, and a limit ring is fixed horizontally on the inner bottom end of the lower sleeve.

[0019] Preferably: the horizontal rotation assembly includes an upper sleeve, a partition, a spiral rod and a strip-shaped through-slot, the upper sleeve is fixed on the top of the lower sleeve, a partition is horizontally fixed between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve, a spiral rod is vertically fixed to the top of the ball cage universal joint, a strip-shaped through-slot is opened in the middle position of the partition, and the spiral rod passes through the inside of the strip-shaped through-slot.

[0020] Preferably: the upward pressure unlocking structure includes a fixed seat, a sliding groove, a hidden groove, a through opening, a protrusion, a fitting plate and a fourth spring. The fixed seat is located at the top of the lower sleeve, and a sliding groove is provided at the bottom end of the fixed seat. The lower sleeve is vertically slidably arranged inside the sliding groove. A hidden groove is provided at the top of the fixed seat, and a through opening is provided between the sliding groove and the hidden groove. A fourth spring is provided between the top of the lower sleeve and the inner top of the sliding groove. The upper sleeve passes through the fourth spring and the inside of the through opening and extends to the inside of the hidden groove. A fitting plate is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve, which fits with the bottom of the hidden groove. A protrusion is provided at the bottom end of the outer side of the fixed seat, and the cross-section of the protrusion is conical.

[0021] Preferably, mounting holes are evenly formed on the outer side of the top of the fixing seat, and the mounting holes are distributed in a circular array.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The invention provides an integrated monitoring device for a full environment of a construction project based on the Internet of Things. The monitoring body is mounted on a hemispherical mounting seat, and a force storage rotating mechanism is provided at positions corresponding to the axis on both sides of the hemispherical shell. During normal use, the hemispherical mounting seat can be continuously subjected to a rotational force. The plug-in limit mechanism can be used to limit the position of the hemispherical mounting seat during normal use. The device is used in conjunction with the downward pressing unlocking mechanism, the rotation buffer mechanism and the upward pressing unlocking mechanism. When the device is impacted by falling objects from high altitude, it can not only provide buffering protection, but also release the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism when the impact range of the falling objects from high altitude is large. The force storage rotating mechanism can release the rotational force, control the hemispherical mounting seat to drive the monitoring body to rotate, and hide the monitoring body inside the shell for safety protection. In addition, when the bottom of the monitoring body is collided and squeezed, the upward pressing unlocking mechanism can also release the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism, and the monitoring body is protected from rotation, thereby improving the safety of use.

[0024] When the locking cam is in the unlock state, the locking cam is released and the monitoring body is hidden. When only a single hook-shaped guard plate is impacted, the locking state of the locking cam is not completely released. Instead, the hook-shaped guard plate is used in conjunction with the second spring for elastic buffering. The locking cam is then used in conjunction with the rotation buffering mechanism composed of the lower sleeve, slip ring, ball cage universal joint, third spring, limiting ring, upper sleeve, partition, spiral rod and strip through groove. At the same time, the downward movement of the shell is controlled when the impact force is applied, and the ball cage universal joint is used to cause the shell to deviate outward to avoid it. In addition, during the downward movement of the shell, the spiral rod passes through the strip through groove and controls the rotation of the shell to perform rotational unloading, thereby improving the impact protection effect during use.

[0025] The upward pressure unlocking mechanism composed of a fixed seat, a sliding groove, a hidden groove, a through-hole, a protrusion, a fitting plate and a fourth spring can control the upward movement of the outer shell when the monitoring body is subjected to an upward force. The protrusion on the side of the fixed seat is used to squeeze the ends of multiple groups of hook-shaped guard plates to unlock the plug-in limit mechanism, control the rotation protection of the monitoring body, and adopt a purely mechanical structure of linkage control protection. In high-risk and high-pollution environments such as construction projects, it can significantly improve the survivability and protection timeliness of monitoring equipment, and is more practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front and cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device in use;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top partial structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a fixing base of a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a preferred embodiment of the invention's construction engineering full environment integrated monitoring equipment based on the Internet of Things Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 A diagram of a hook-shaped guard plate in a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the protection state of falling object impact in a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the bottom pressure protection state of the monitoring body of a preferred embodiment of the Internet of Things-based construction project full-environment integrated monitoring equipment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Hemispherical mounting base; 2. Monitoring unit; 3. Housing;

[0035] 4. Power storage rotating mechanism; 401. Groove; 402. Shaft; 403. Spring;

[0036] 5. Insertion limit mechanism; 501. Mounting slot; 502. Insert block; 503. First spring; 504. Slot; 505. Ball bearing;

[0037] 6. Press-down unlocking mechanism; 601. Hook-shaped guard plate; 602. Second spring; 603. Pull rope;

[0038] 7. Rotational buffer mechanism; 701. Lower sleeve; 702. Slip ring; 703. Ball joint; 704. Third spring; 705. Limiting ring; 706. Upper sleeve; 707. Partition plate; 708. Screw rod; 709. Strip groove;

[0039] 8. Press-up unlocking structure; 801. Fixed seat; 802. Slide groove; 803. Hidden groove; 804. Through-hole; 805. Protrusion; 806. Fitting plate; 807. Fourth spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clear and specific to those skilled in the art, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0041] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides a construction engineering full-environment integrated monitoring device based on the Internet of Things, including a hemispherical mounting seat 1;

[0042] A monitoring body 2 is mounted on the horizontal end surface of the hemispherical mounting seat 1. The hemispherical mounting seat 1 and the monitoring body 2 form a spherical shape. A shell 3 is provided on the outside of the hemispherical mounting seat 1. A power storage rotation mechanism 4 is provided at positions corresponding to the axis on both sides of the shell 3. The power storage rotation mechanism 4 applies a vertical rotation force to the hemispherical mounting seat 1.

[0043] A plug-in limiting mechanism 5 is evenly provided between the inner side of the housing 3 and the top of the hemispherical mounting seat 1. The housing 3 locks the position of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 through the plug-in limiting mechanism 5.

[0044] The outer side of the housing 3 is evenly provided with push-down unlocking mechanisms 6 along the circumferential direction. The push-down unlocking mechanisms 6 correspond to the plug-in limiting mechanisms 5. The push-down unlocking mechanisms 6 respectively release the locking of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 by the plug-in limiting mechanisms 5.

[0045] A rotation buffer mechanism 7 is provided at the middle position of the top end of the housing 3;

[0046] A push-up unlocking structure 8 is provided on the top of the rotary buffer mechanism 7 , and the push-up unlocking structure 8 releases the locking of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 by the multiple groups of plug-in limiting mechanisms 5 .

[0047] The overall working principle is: during normal use, the force storage rotation mechanism 4 always applies a vertical rotation force to the hemispherical mounting seat 1, but due to the limitation of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 by the plug-in limit mechanism 5, the stability of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 during use is guaranteed. However, when falling objects from high altitude fall on the downward pressing unlocking mechanism 6, it will first perform buffering protection, and then release the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism 5 at the corresponding position. If there are many falling objects from high altitude, multiple downward pressing unlocking mechanisms 6 will be impacted at the same time. At this time, multiple groups of plug-in limit mechanisms 5 will be unlocked at the same time, and the hemispherical mounting seat 1 will be released. The force storage rotation mechanism 4 controls the rotation of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 and the monitoring body 2, hiding the monitoring body 2 inside the shell 3 for protection. In addition, during the impact of falling objects from high altitude, the rotation buffer mechanism 7 is used for buffering protection to reduce the impact force on the device. When the bottom of the monitoring body 2 is moved upward by the collision of engineering machinery, the upward pressing unlocking structure 8 will simultaneously release the locking state of the plug-in limit mechanism 5, release the hemispherical mounting seat 1, and protect the monitoring body 2.

[0048] In this embodiment, the power storage rotation mechanism 4 includes a groove 401, a shaft 402 and a spring 403. The groove 401 is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the shell 3. The shaft 402 is rotatably installed at the middle position of the end face of the groove 401. The outer end of the shaft 402 is fixedly connected to the side of the hemispherical mounting seat 1. The outer side of the shaft 402 is provided with a spring 403. The two ends of the spring 403 are respectively fixedly connected to the shaft 402 and the side of the groove 401.

[0049] The spring 403 is made of 65Mn spring steel, with a spring constant k = 50 N·m / rad and a pre-compression amount θ = πrad;

[0050] The shaft 402 and the groove 401 are rotatably connected through a deep groove ball bearing, and the bearing clearance is controlled at 0.01-0.03mm;

[0051] Partial working principle: During normal use, the clockwork spring 403 is in a compressed state. When the hemispherical mounting seat 1 is unlocked, the clockwork spring 403 controls the hemispherical mounting seat 1 to rotate 180 degrees around the shaft 402, thereby hiding the monitoring body 2 for protection.

[0052] In this embodiment, the plug-in limit mechanism 5 includes a mounting groove 501, an insert block 502, a first spring 503 and a slot 504. The mounting grooves 501 are evenly arranged in a circular array on the inner top of the shell 3. The mounting grooves 501 are perpendicular to the inner surface of the shell 3. Insert blocks 502 are slidingly arranged inside the mounting grooves 501 in the direction toward the hemispherical mounting seat 1. A first spring 503 is provided between the insert block 502 and the inner end of the mounting groove 501. A slot 504 that cooperates with the insert block 502 is opened on the outer side of the top of the hemispherical mounting seat 1, and the end of the insert block 502 is inserted into the inside of the slot 504.

[0053] The cross section of the plug 502 is rectangular (8mm×6mm), the insertion depth is 10mm, and the clearance with the slot 504 is ≤0.05mm;

[0054] The first spring 503 is made of stainless steel spring wire, with a free length of 20 mm, a pre-compression amount of 5 mm, and provides an initial locking force of 20 N;

[0055] Partial working principle: Under normal use, the first spring 503 applies elastic force to squeeze the insert 502 into the inside of the slot 504, blocking the rotation of the hemispherical mounting seat 1. When the locking state of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 is released, the insert 502 can be pulled into the inside of the mounting groove 501.

[0056] In this embodiment, a ball 505 is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the insert 502. The outer side of the ball 505 contacts the end face of the slot 504. The ball 505 has a diameter of 3 mm and is made of GCr15 bearing steel with a surface roughness of Ra≤0.8 μm, ensuring smooth rotation.

[0057] Partial working principle: The provision of the ball 505 can reduce the wear between the end of the insert 502 and the hemispherical mounting seat 1 and the outer glass cover of the monitoring body 2, and convert the sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0058] In this embodiment, the downward unlocking mechanism 6 includes a hook-shaped guard plate 601, a second spring 602 and a pull rope 603. The hook-shaped guard plate 601 is evenly arranged on the outside of the top of the shell 3 along the circumferential direction. The top of the hook-shaped guard plate 601 is hinged to the shell 3. The number of hook-shaped guard plates 601 is the same as the number of plug-in limit mechanisms 5. A second spring 602 is provided between the inner side of the hook-shaped guard plate 601 and the shell 3. A pull rope 603 is fixedly installed between the outer side of the top of the hook-shaped guard plate 601 and the plug block 502, and the pull rope 603 is slidably connected to the shell 3.

[0059] The hook guard 601 is made of aluminum alloy LY12, with a thickness of 2mm, a hook angle of 120°, and a rotation fulcrum 5mm from the top;

[0060] The second spring 602 has an elastic coefficient k of 10 N / mm, an initial compression of 8 mm, and a critical impact force that triggers unlocking of ≥ 50 N;

[0061] The pull rope 603 is made of aramid fiber, with a diameter of 1mm and a breaking force of ≥200N;

[0062] Partial working principle: When a falling object hits the hook-shaped guard plate 601, the second spring 602 is used for buffering, and the hook-shaped guard plate 601 will rotate downward with the connection between the top and the shell 3 as the axis, and the top of the hook-shaped guard plate 601 will apply an upward pulling force to the pull rope 603, pulling the plug 502 into the inside of the installation groove 501, thereby releasing the lock of the hemispherical mounting seat 1 at the corresponding hook-shaped guard plate 601.

[0063] In this embodiment, four groups of hook-shaped guard plates 601 are provided, and the sides of adjacent hook-shaped guard plates 601 are in contact with each other.

[0064] Partial working principle: During the use of the device, the hemispherical mounting seat 1 will be completely unlocked only when all four sets of hook-shaped guard plates 601 are subjected to the impact force of falling objects from high altitude.

[0065] In this embodiment, the rotation buffer mechanism 7 includes a lower sleeve 701, a slip ring 702, a ball cage universal joint 703, a third spring 704, a limit ring 705 and a horizontal rotation component. The lower sleeve 701 is located in the middle position of the top of the outer shell 3, and the bottom of the lower sleeve 701 is in contact with the top of the outer shell 3. The inner part of the lower sleeve 701 is provided with a slip ring 702 for vertical sliding. The top of the slip ring 702 and the inner top of the lower sleeve 701 are fixed with the third spring 704. The inner side of the slip ring 702 is installed with a ball cage universal joint 703 through a bearing. The movable end of the bottom of the ball cage universal joint 703 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 3. The inner top of the lower sleeve 701 is provided with a horizontal rotation component for controlling the rotation of the ball cage universal joint 703. The inner bottom end of the lower sleeve 701 is horizontally fixed with a limit ring 705.

[0066] The ball joint 703 model WJ-08 has a maximum swing angle of 30° and an axial load capacity of 500N.

[0067] The screw rod 708 has a pitch of 8mm and a clearance of 0.2mm with the strip-shaped through slot 709 to ensure synchronous rotation when moving downward;

[0068] The third spring 704 is made of music wire with a free length of 50 mm, a pre-compression amount of 10 mm, and a maximum compression stroke of 20 mm, providing a buffering damping force;

[0069] Local working principle: When impacted by a falling object, the outer shell 3 will apply a downward pulling force to the slip ring 702 through the ball cage universal joint 703, and use the third spring 704 for buffering. The outer shell 3 will separate from the lower sleeve 701. Since the ball cage universal joint 703 can rotate in the vertical plane, the movable end at the bottom of the ball cage universal joint 703 can drive the outer shell 3 to swing away from the force point to avoid it, thereby reducing the impact force again.

[0070] In this embodiment, the horizontal rotation assembly includes an upper sleeve 706, a partition 707, a screw rod 708 and a bar-shaped through groove 709. The upper sleeve 706 is fixed on the top of the lower sleeve 701. A partition 707 is horizontally fixed between the upper sleeve 706 and the lower sleeve 701. A screw rod 708 is vertically fixed to the top of the ball cage universal joint 703. A bar-shaped through groove 709 is opened in the middle position of the partition 707, and the screw rod 708 passes through the inside of the bar-shaped through groove 709.

[0071] Local working principle: When the ball cage universal joint 703 moves vertically downward, it will drive the screw rod 708 to move vertically downward. During the downward movement, the screw rod 708 is limited by the strip groove 709, so the screw rod 708 will drive the ball cage universal joint 703 to rotate horizontally, thereby controlling the rotation of the shell 3 and performing rotational unloading to further reduce the impact force of the falling object.

[0072] In this embodiment, the upper pressing unlocking structure 8 includes a fixed seat 801, a sliding groove 802, a hidden groove 803, a through-port 804, a protrusion 805, a fitting plate 806 and a fourth spring 807. The fixed seat 801 is located at the top of the lower sleeve 701. The bottom end of the fixed seat 801 is provided with a sliding groove 802. The lower sleeve 701 is vertically slidably arranged inside the sliding groove 802. The top end of the fixed seat 801 is provided with a hidden groove 803. The sliding groove 802 and the hidden groove 803 are connected. A through opening 804 is provided between the grooves 803, and a fourth spring 807 is provided between the top of the lower sleeve 701 and the inner top of the slide groove 802. The upper sleeve 706 passes through the fourth spring 807 and the inside of the through opening 804 and extends to the inside of the hidden groove 803. A fitting plate 806 that fits with the inner bottom of the hidden groove 803 is fixed to the top of the upper sleeve 706, and a protrusion 805 is provided at the bottom end of the outer side of the fixing seat 801, and the cross-section of the protrusion 805 is conical.

[0073] The protrusion 805 has a taper of 1:2, a height of 15 mm, and a bottom diameter of 20 mm, ensuring that the rotation angle of the hook-shaped guard plate 601 when under pressure is ≥15°;

[0074] The fourth spring 807 has an elastic coefficient k = 20 N / mm and an initial compression of 5 mm. The unlocking is triggered when the housing 3 moves upward by 3 mm.

[0075] Local working principle: The installation position of the fixing seat 801 is fixed. When the bottom of the monitoring body 2 is hit by engineering machinery and moves upward, the shell 3 drives the sleeve to move upward, and the fourth spring 807 can be used for buffering protection. In the process of the shell 3 moving upward, the protrusion 805 on the outside of the fixing seat 801 will squeeze the multiple groups of hook-shaped guard plates 601 outward at the same time, and the pull rope 603 on the hook-shaped guard plate 601 will pull the plug 502 into the installation groove 501, releasing the locking state of the hemispherical mounting seat 1, and the hemispherical mounting seat 1 drives the monitoring body 2 to rotate into the protective state. When the device needs to be reset, the maintenance personnel only needs to rotate the hemispherical mounting seat 1 one hundred and eighty degrees to lock it again. The operation is very convenient.

[0076] In this embodiment, mounting holes are evenly formed on the outer side of the top of the fixing seat 801 , and the mounting holes are distributed in a circular array.

[0077] Partial working principle: The setting of the mounting holes makes it convenient for the device to be installed and fixed with bolts.

[0078] The above is only a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated monitoring device for the entire environment of a construction project based on the Internet of Things, comprising a hemispherical mounting seat (1), characterized in that: A monitoring body (2) is mounted on the horizontal end surface of the hemispherical mounting seat (1), the hemispherical mounting seat (1) and the monitoring body (2) form a spherical shape, a shell (3) is provided on the outside of the hemispherical mounting seat (1), and a power storage rotation mechanism (4) is provided at positions corresponding to the axis on both sides of the inside of the shell (3), and the power storage rotation mechanism (4) applies a vertical rotation force to the hemispherical mounting seat (1); A plug-in limiting mechanism (5) is evenly provided between the inner side of the housing (3) and the top of the hemispherical mounting seat (1), and the housing (3) locks the position of the hemispherical mounting seat (1) through the plug-in limiting mechanism (5); The outer side of the housing (3) is evenly provided with downward-pressing unlocking mechanisms (6) along the circumferential direction. The downward-pressing unlocking mechanisms (6) correspond to the plug-in limiting mechanisms (5). The downward-pressing unlocking mechanisms (6) respectively release the locking of the hemispherical mounting seat (1) by the plug-in limiting mechanisms (5). A rotation buffer mechanism (7) is provided at the middle position of the top end of the housing (3); A top of the rotary buffer mechanism (7) is provided with an upward pressing unlocking structure (8), which releases the locking of the hemispherical mounting seat (1) by the multiple groups of plug-in limiting mechanisms (5).

2. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The power storage rotating mechanism (4) comprises a groove (401), a shaft (402) and a spring spring (403). The groove (401) is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the housing (3). The shaft (402) is rotatably mounted at the middle position of the end surface of the groove (401). The outer end of the shaft (402) is fixedly connected to the side of the hemispherical mounting seat (1). The outer side of the shaft (402) is provided with a spring spring (403). The two ends of the spring spring (403) are respectively fixedly connected to the shaft (402) and the side of the groove (401).

3. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The plug-in limiting mechanism (5) includes a mounting groove (501), an insert block (502), a first spring (503) and a slot (504). The mounting grooves (501) are evenly arranged in an annular array on the inner top of the shell (3). The mounting grooves (501) are perpendicular to the inner surface of the shell (3). The inside of the mounting groove (501) is provided with an insert block (502) slidingly arranged in the direction toward the hemispherical mounting seat (1). The first spring (503) is provided between the insert block (502) and the inner end of the mounting groove (501). The outer side of the top of the hemispherical mounting seat (1) is provided with a slot (504) that cooperates with the insert block (502), and the end of the insert block (502) is plugged into the inside of the slot (504).

4. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The bottom end of the insert block (502) is rotatably mounted with a ball (505), and the outer side of the ball (505) contacts the end surface of the slot (504).

5. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 3 is characterized by: The downward unlocking mechanism (6) includes a hook-shaped guard plate (601), a second spring (602) and a pull rope (603). The hook-shaped guard plate (601) is evenly arranged on the outer side of the top of the shell (3) along the circumferential direction. The top of the hook-shaped guard plate (601) is hinged to the shell (3). The number of the hook-shaped guard plates (601) is the same as the number of the plug-in limit mechanism (5). The second spring (602) is provided between the inner side of the hook-shaped guard plate (601) and the shell (3). A pull rope (603) is fixedly installed between the outer side of the top of the hook-shaped guard plate (601) and the plug block (502). The pull rope (603) is slidably connected to the shell (3).

6. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 5 is characterized by: Four groups of hook-shaped guard plates (601) are provided, and the sides of adjacent hook-shaped guard plates (601) are fitted together.

7. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 5 is characterized by: The rotation buffer mechanism (7) comprises a lower sleeve (701), a slip ring (702), a ball cage universal joint (703), a third spring (704), a limit ring (705) and a horizontal rotation component. The lower sleeve (701) is located at the middle position of the top of the shell (3). The bottom of the lower sleeve (701) is in contact with the top of the shell (3). The interior of the lower sleeve (701) is provided with a slip ring (702) for vertical sliding. The top of the slip ring (702) and the inner top of the lower sleeve (701) are fixed with the third spring (704). The inner side of the slip ring (702) is provided with a ball cage universal joint (703) through a bearing. The movable end of the bottom of the ball cage universal joint (703) is fixedly connected to the shell (3). The inner top of the lower sleeve (701) is provided with a horizontal rotation component for controlling the rotation of the ball cage universal joint (703). The inner bottom end of the lower sleeve (701) is horizontally fixed with a limit ring (705).

8. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 7 is characterized by: The horizontal rotation assembly includes an upper sleeve (706), a partition (707), a spiral rod (708) and a strip-shaped through groove (709), wherein the upper sleeve (706) is fixed to the top of the lower sleeve (701), a partition (707) is horizontally fixed between the upper sleeve (706) and the lower sleeve (701), a spiral rod (708) is vertically fixed to the top of the ball cage universal joint (703), a strip-shaped through groove (709) is provided at the middle position of the partition (707), and the spiral rod (708) passes through the inside of the strip-shaped through groove (709).

9. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 8 is characterized by: The upper pressing unlocking structure (8) includes a fixed seat (801), a sliding groove (802), a hidden groove (803), a through-port (804), a protrusion (805), a fitting plate (806) and a fourth spring (807). The fixed seat (801) is located at the top of the lower sleeve (701). The bottom end of the fixed seat (801) is provided with a sliding groove (802). The lower sleeve (701) is vertically slidably arranged inside the sliding groove (802). The top end of the fixed seat (801) is provided with a hidden groove (803). The sliding groove (802) and the hidden groove are connected. (803), a through opening (804) is provided between the top end of the lower sleeve (701) and the inner top of the slide groove (802), a fourth spring (807) is provided between the top end of the lower sleeve (701) and the inner top of the slide groove (802), the upper sleeve (706) passes through the fourth spring (807) and the inside of the through opening (804) and extends to the inside of the hidden groove (803), the top end of the upper sleeve (706) is fixed with a fitting plate (806) that fits with the inner bottom of the hidden groove (803), and a protrusion (805) is provided at the bottom end of the outer side of the fixing seat (801), and the cross section of the protrusion (805) is conical.

10. The IoT-based integrated monitoring device for the entire construction environment according to claim 9 is characterized by: The outer side of the top of the fixing seat (801) is evenly provided with mounting holes, and the mounting holes are distributed in a circular array.

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