Brake sense simulator device

Abstract

A brake sense simulator device (1) for a brake system (2), the brake sense simulator device (1) being adapted to be connected to a brake pedal (3) wherein the brake sense simulator device (1) comprises: at least one resilient element (4); a thrust piston (5) configured to be biased against the at least one resilient element (4) in response to actuation of the brake pedal (3); and an electromechanical preloading device (6) configured to preload the at least one elastic element (4).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a braking feel simulator device for a brake-by-wire (“BBW”) type braking system for a vehicle with two or more wheels that can be actuated by a driver by means of a brake pedal or lever, and a braking system provided with such a braking feel simulator device. Background Art

[0002] In a BBW type braking system, there is a decouple between the force and displacement applied by the driver on the brake pedal or lever and the resulting braking force applied by the caliper to the wheel.

[0003] In a BBW braking system, the force and displacement applied by the driver on the brake pedal or lever are converted into an electrical signal, which is processed by a control unit to control the actuation of the brake system caliper.

[0004] Therefore, it is known to equip a BBW braking system with a braking feel simulator device, simply referred to as a “simulator device”, which is connected to the brake pedal or lever and is configured to simulate the feel and stiffness of the brake pedal or lever of a conventional hydraulic braking system, and thus to simulate the “stiffness curve” of the brake pedal or lever of a conventional hydraulic braking system.

[0005] The “stiffness curve” refers to the relationship between the displacement of the brake pedal or lever along the stroke of the brake pedal or lever and the corresponding reaction force applied by the simulator device on the brake pedal or lever and thus applied by the brake pedal or lever to the driver. Generally, the stiffness curve includes a first segment with low stiffness, a second segment with medium stiffness, and a third segment with high stiffness. Additionally, generally speaking, for an “aggressive” or “sporty” driving style, a steeper “hard” stiffness curve is preferred, while for an “urban” or “eco-friendly” driving style, a less steep “soft” stiffness curve is preferred.

[0006] In the related art, the stiffness curve of the simulator device can be pre-designed based on the driver's needs, such that the brake pedal or lever has the “hardness” required by the driver.

[0007] Known simulator devices include a plurality of elastic elements, which are typically helical springs, and these elastic elements are arranged in series or in parallel and are configured to apply a total reaction force according to the tensile or compressive stress of these elastic elements, and this total reaction force replicates the stiffness curve of a conventional hydraulic braking system.

[0008] However, known simulator devices do not allow adjustment or regulation of the stiffness curve and thus do not allow adjustment or regulation of the "hardness" of the brake pedal or rod without a complete redesign of the simulator device. Therefore, known simulator devices cannot be customized and adjusted according to the needs of different driving styles unless the simulator device is removed from the braking system and the components of the simulator device are redesigned and replaced.

[0009] In addition, the stiffness curve achieved by known simulator devices is subject to instability and changes over time, mainly due to the mechanical tolerances of multiple components inside the simulator device and especially due to the tolerances of the sets of springs and elastic elements arranged in series and parallel inside the simulator device.

[0010] Furthermore, known simulator devices do not return tactile signals and feedback to the driver, such as the pulsation of the brake pedal of a conventional braking system triggered when the ABS intervenes. Summary of the Invention

[0011] An object of the present invention is to provide a brake feel simulator device and a braking system provided with such a simulator device in order to eliminate at least some of the drawbacks of the related art.

[0012] A specific object of the present invention is to provide a simulator device that is configured to allow adjustment and customization of the stiffness curve of the simulator device without a complete redesign.

[0013] Another specific object of the present invention is to provide a simulator device that is more stable, more efficient and less prone to typical mechanical degradation of known simulator devices.

[0014] Another specific object of the present invention is to provide a simulator device that is configured to return tactile signals and feedback to the driver, such as the pulsation of the brake pedal of a conventional braking system triggered when the ABS intervenes.

[0015] These objects and other objects are achieved by a brake feel simulator device according to the independent claims and a braking system provided with such a simulator device.

[0016] The dependent claims relate to preferred and advantageous embodiments of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] To better understand the present invention and appreciate its advantages, some non-limiting exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] - Figure 1Schematically shows a braking system including a brake feel simulator device according to the related art;

[0019] - Figure 2 Schematically shows a braking system including a brake feel simulator device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] - Figure 3 Is a front view stereogram of a brake feel simulator device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] - Figure 4 Is Figure 3 The rear view stereogram of the brake feel simulator device shown in;

[0022] - Figure 5 Is Figure 4 The side view of the brake feel simulator device shown in;

[0023] - Figure 6 Is a longitudinal sectional view of a brake feel simulator device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] - Figure 7 Is Figure 6 The detailed view of the brake feel simulator device shown in;

[0025] - Figure 8 Is an exploded stereogram of a brake feel simulator device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] - Figure 9 Schematically shows a braking system including a brake feel simulator device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] - Figure 10 Schematically shows a braking system including a brake feel simulator device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] - Figure 11 Schematically shows three different stiffness curves that can be achieved by the brake feel simulator device according to the present invention. Detailed Description

[0029] The present invention is suitable for being applied to a brake-by-wire ("BBW") type braking system of a vehicle having two or more wheels, which can be actuated by a driver by means of a brake pedal or lever. Therefore, in this specification, unless otherwise specified, the term "brake pedal" refers to both a brake pedal for a motor vehicle, etc., and a brake lever for a motorcycle, moped, etc.

[0030] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the brake feel simulator device as a whole is denoted by reference numeral 1. The brake feel simulator device 1 is adapted to be used in a braking system 2.

[0031] The brake feel simulator device 1 is adapted to be connected to a brake pedal 3.

[0032] Preferably, the brake feel simulator device 1 is adapted to be connected to the brake pedal 3 by means of a hydraulic fluid.

[0033] The brake feel simulator device 1 includes at least one elastic element 4.

[0034] In addition, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes a thrust piston 5.

[0035] The thrust piston 5 is configured to be biased against at least one elastic element 4 in response to actuation of the brake pedal 3.

[0036] Preferably, the thrust piston 5 is configured to be biased against at least one elastic element 4 by means of a hydraulic fluid in response to actuation of the brake pedal 3.

[0037] According to one aspect of the invention, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes an electromechanical preloading device 6.

[0038] The electromechanical preloading device 6 is configured to preload at least one elastic element 4.

[0039] Advantageously, the brake feel simulator device 1 configured in this way allows the stiffness curve to be adjusted and customized without the need for a complete redesign.

[0040] In fact, by means of the electromechanical preloading device 6, the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 can be adjusted, thereby changing and adjusting the "hardness" of the stiffness curve of the brake feel simulator device 1.

[0041] A greater preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 corresponds to a greater resistance of the thrust piston 5 against the movement of at least one elastic element 4, and thus corresponds to a greater reaction force to the actuation of the brake pedal 3 and a stiffer stiffness curve.

[0042] Conversely, a smaller preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 corresponds to a smaller resistance of the thrust piston 5 against the movement of at least one elastic element 4, and thus corresponds to a smaller reaction force to the actuation of the brake pedal 3 and a less stiff stiffness curve.

[0043] An additional advantage is that the brake feel simulator device 1 configured in this way has a simplified structure, is more stable, more efficient, and less prone to mechanical damage common in known simulator devices.

[0044] According to an embodiment, the electromechanical preloading device 6 includes an electric motor 7 and a preloading mechanism 8.

[0045] The preloading mechanism 8 is configured to apply a preloading force to at least one elastic element 4.

[0046] The electric motor 7 is configured to actuate the preloading mechanism 8 so that the preloading mechanism 8 preloads at least one elastic element 4.

[0047] According to an embodiment, the preloading mechanism 8 is an irreversible mechanism.

[0048] Advantageously, this configuration prevents the reverse movement of the preloading mechanism 8 without actuation from the electric motor 7.

[0049] Thus, the preloading mechanism 8 is configured to maintain a given preloading force on at least one elastic element 4 without actuation by the electric motor 7.

[0050] Conversely, a change in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4, such as a decrease or increase in the preloading force, requires actuation of the electric motor 7 on the preloading mechanism 8.

[0051] Advantageously, the brake feel simulator device 1 configured in this way requires less energy consumption because the irreversibility of the preloading mechanism 8 does not require continuous actuation of the electric motor 7 to ensure and maintain a given preloading force level on at least one elastic element 4.

[0052] Another advantage is that the brake feel simulator device 1 configured in this way allows tactile signals and feedback to be provided to the driver, such as the tremor of the brake pedal of a conventional braking system triggered when the ABS intervenes. This is achieved by the action of the electric motor 7, which is configured to change the preloading force acting on at least one elastic element 4 by means of the preloading mechanism 8. Then, this change in the preloading force is transmitted to the brake pedal 3 to obtain the desired tactile signal or vibration.

[0053] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 is positioned between the thrust piston 5 and the electromechanical preloading device 6.

[0054] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 is positioned between the thrust piston 5 and the preloading device 8.

[0055] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 includes a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The first end of at least one elastic element 4 is positioned against the thrust piston 5, and the second end of at least one elastic element 4 is positioned against the preloading mechanism 8.

[0056] Screw-nut type screw assembly 10

[0057] According to an embodiment, the preloading mechanism 8 is a screw-nut screw assembly 10.

[0058] The screw-nut screw assembly 10 faces at least one elastic element 4.

[0059] Furthermore, the screw-nut screw assembly 10 is coaxial with the actuation axis 9.

[0060] The screw-nut screw assembly 10 includes a screw 11 and a nut screw 12.

[0061] The screw 11 and the nut screw 12 are connected to each other such that the relative translation of the nut screw 12 along the actuation axis 9 with respect to the screw 11 corresponds to the relative rotation of the screw 11 with respect to the nut screw 12 about the actuation axis 9.

[0062] The electric motor 7 includes a drive shaft 13 extending along the motor axis 14.

[0063] The screw-nut screw assembly 10 is connected to the drive shaft 13.

[0064] The electric motor 7 is configured to apply mechanical torque to at least one of the screw 11 and the nut screw 12 so that at least one of the screw 11 and the nut screw 12 translates along the actuation axis 9 towards or away from the thrust piston 5, thereby increasing or decreasing the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4.

[0065] Specifically, the translation of the screw 11 or the nut screw 12 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to an increase in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the screw-nut screw assembly 10 and the thrust piston 5.

[0066] Vice versa, the translation of the screw 11 or the nut screw 12 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to a decrease in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the screw-nut assembly 10 and the thrust piston 5.

[0067] According to an embodiment, the braking feel simulator device 1 includes a receiving wall 15 extending along the actuation axis 9.

[0068] In the receiving wall 15, a receiving compartment 16 is defined in the receiving wall 15.

[0069] The screw-nut screw assembly 10 is received inside the receiving compartment 16.

[0070] According to an embodiment, the screw 11 of the screw-nut screw assembly 10 is connected to the drive shaft 13 of the electric motor 7 such that the screw 11 is configured to receive mechanical torque from the electric motor 7.

[0071] The screw 11 is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15, but not to translate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0072] In addition, the nut screw 12 of the screw-nut screw assembly 10 is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall 15 along the actuation axis 9, but not to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0073] In addition, the nut screw 12 is configured to translate along the actuation axis 9 towards or away from the thrust piston 5, thereby increasing or decreasing the preload of at least one elastic element 4.

[0074] Specifically, the translation of the nut screw 12 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to an increase in the preload of at least one elastic element 4 disposed between the nut screw 12 and the thrust piston 5.

[0075] Conversely, the translation of the nut screw 12 away from the thrust piston 5 corresponds to a decrease in the preload of at least one elastic element 4 disposed between the nut screw 12 and the thrust piston 5.

[0076] According to this embodiment, the first end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the thrust piston 5, and the second end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the nut screw 12.

[0077] According to an alternative embodiment, the nut screw 12 of the screw-nut screw assembly 10 is connected to the drive shaft 13 of the electric motor 7 such that the nut screw 12 is configured to receive mechanical torque from the electric motor 7.

[0078] The nut screw 12 is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15, but not to translate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0079] In addition, the screw 11 of the screw-nut screw assembly 10 is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall 15 along the actuation axis 9, but not to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0080] In addition, the screw 11 is configured to translate along the actuation axis 9 towards or away from the thrust piston 5, thereby increasing or decreasing the preload of at least one elastic element 4.

[0081] Specifically, the translation of the screw 11 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to an increase in the preload of at least one elastic element 4 disposed between the screw 11 and the thrust piston 5.

[0082] Conversely, the translation of the screw 11 away from the thrust piston 5 corresponds to a decrease in the preload of at least one elastic element 4 disposed between the screw 11 and the thrust piston 5.

[0083] According to this embodiment, the first end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the thrust piston 5, and the second end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the screw 11.

[0084] According to an embodiment, the threaded portion of the screw-nut screw assembly 10 is irreversible.

[0085] Therefore, the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 achieved by the nut screw 12 or the screw 11 abutting against at least one elastic element 4 is maintained, even in the absence of actuation from the electric motor 7.

[0086] According to an embodiment, the screw-nut screw assembly 10 and the electric motor 7 are positioned such that the actuation axis 9 coincides with the motor axis 14.

[0087] According to an embodiment, the electric motor 7 is positioned opposite to the thrust piston 5 with respect to the screw-nut screw assembly 10.

[0088] Advantageously, this configuration ensures the integrity and structural strength of the braking feel simulator device 1.

[0089] According to an embodiment, the nut screw 12 is positioned opposite to the electric motor 7 with respect to the screw 11.

[0090] Advantageously, this configuration reduces the total stress exerted on the braking feel simulator device 1 during its operation.

[0091] According to an embodiment, the braking feel simulator device 1 includes a transmission 17.

[0092] The transmission 17 is disposed between the electric motor 7 and the preloading mechanism 8.

[0093] For example, the transmission 17 is a planetary transmission, a harmonic or cycloidal speed reducer with toothed wheels, or a cascaded toothed wheel distributor.

[0094] According to an embodiment, the braking feel simulator device 1 includes a support member 18 disposed between the electric motor 7 and the preloading mechanism 8.

[0095] Preferably, the support member 18 is a thrust type support member. Preferably, the support member 18 is a spherical support member or a roller type support member.

[0096] According to an embodiment, the transmission 17 is disposed between the support member 18 and the preloading mechanism 8.

[0097] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 is positioned inside the receiving compartment 16.

[0098] At least one elastic element 4 is configured to apply a reaction force in response to actuation of the brake feel simulator device 1. Specifically, at least one elastic element 4 is configured to apply a reaction force to a thrust piston 5 that can be actuated translationally to resist the thrust of at least one elastic element 4 in response to actuation of the brake pedal 3 by the driver. Accordingly, at least one elastic element 4 is configured to apply a reaction force to the brake pedal 3 in response to actuation of the brake pedal 3 by the driver.

[0099] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 is configured to be biased in a direction substantially parallel to the actuation axis 9. Preferably, at least one elastic element 4 is configured to be biased in a direction substantially coincident with the actuation axis 9.

[0100] In addition, at least one elastic element 4 is configured to bias the thrust piston 5 toward the rest position of the thrust piston 5.

[0101] Accordingly, during operation of the brake feel simulator device 1, the thrust piston 5 moves from the rest position of the thrust piston 5 to abut against at least one elastic element 4. When the operation of the brake feel simulator device 1 is interrupted, at least one elastic element 4 biases the thrust piston 5 back to the rest position of the thrust piston 5.

[0102] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 includes at least one helical compression spring that is positioned substantially coaxially with the actuation axis 9.

[0103] According to an embodiment, a first end of at least one helical compression spring is positioned to abut against the thrust piston 5, and a second end of at least one helical compression spring is positioned to abut against the electromechanical preloading device 6, preferably against the mechanism 8, preferably against the screw-nut screw assembly 10, more preferably against the nut 12, or against the screw 11, or against the worm 28, or against the toothed wheel 27.

[0104] According to an embodiment, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes a plurality of elastic elements 4 that are positioned inside the brake feel simulator device 1 in series and / or in parallel, and preferably, these elastic elements are positioned inside the receiving compartment 16 in series and / or in parallel.

[0105] According to an embodiment, the plurality of elastic elements 4 includes coil springs, and / or square springs, and / or torsion springs, and / or strip springs, and / or shaped springs.

[0106] According to an embodiment, the thrust device 5 is formed with a blind piston chamber. The blind piston chamber opens in the direction where the preloading mechanism 8 is located.

[0107] According to an embodiment, a first end portion of at least one elastic element 4 is received in the blind piston chamber.

[0108] According to an embodiment, the thrust device 5 includes a biasing wall 19.

[0109] The biasing wall faces at least one elastic element 4 to oppose at least one elastic element 4.

[0110] The biasing wall is substantially transverse to the actuating wall 9.

[0111] The thrust piston 5 is configured to receive a bias of hydraulic fluid on the biasing wall 19, and the bias of the hydraulic fluid is adapted to cause the thrust piston 5 to move towards at least one elastic element 4 in a translational manner.

[0112] The biasing wall 19 faces the delivery pipe 21.

[0113] The delivery pipe 21 is configured to fluidly connect the brake feel simulator device 1 to the brake pedal 3 by means of hydraulic fluid.

[0114] Specifically, the delivery pipe 21 is configured to: deliver hydraulic fluid into the brake feel simulator device 1 when the brake pedal 3 is actuated; and discharge the hydraulic fluid from the brake feel simulator device 1 when the brake pedal 3 is released.

[0115] Preferably, the delivery pipe 21 is at least partially defined by the receiving wall 15.

[0116] According to an embodiment, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes at least one auxiliary elastic element 22.

[0117] At least one auxiliary elastic element 22 is disposed between the thrust piston 5 and the delivery pipe 21.

[0118] At least one auxiliary elastic element 22 is positioned against the thrust piston 5.

[0119] Advantageously, at least one auxiliary elastic element 22 is configured to: prevent the thrust piston 5 from hitting the delivery pipe 21 under the bias of at least one elastic element 4 when the brake pedal 3 is not actuated.

[0120] According to an embodiment, at least one auxiliary elastic element 22 includes at least one helical compression spring, and the helical compression spring is positioned substantially coaxially with the actuating axis 9.

[0121] According to the present embodiment, a first end portion of at least one helical compression spring is positioned against the thrust piston 5. In particular, a first end portion of at least one helical compression spring is positioned against the biasing wall 19, and a second end portion of at least one helical compression spring is positioned against the receiving wall 15 that forms the delivery conduit 21.

[0122] According to an embodiment, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes a plurality of auxiliary elastic elements 22 that are positioned inside the brake feel simulator device 1 in series and / or in parallel.

[0123] According to an embodiment, the plurality of auxiliary elastic elements 22 include helical springs, and / or square springs, and / or torsion springs, and / or strip springs, and / or shaped springs.

[0124] In addition, the thrust piston 5 includes a thrust wall 20 opposite the biasing wall 19.

[0125] The thrust wall 20 faces at least one elastic element 4. Specifically, a first end portion of at least one elastic element 4 is positioned against the thrust wall 20.

[0126] According to an embodiment, the thrust piston 5 includes a guide rod 23 that extends in a direction parallel to the actuation axis 9.

[0127] Preferably, the guide rod 23 extends along the actuation axis 9.

[0128] Preferably, the guide rod 23 is connected to the thrust wall 20 of the thrust piston 5.

[0129] According to this embodiment, at the guide rod 23, the nut screw 12 is formed with a through hole 24. Preferably, the through hole 24 is coaxial with the actuation axis 9.

[0130] The guide rod 23 is positioned to pass through the through hole 24 of the nut screw 12.

[0131] The guide rod 23 and the nut screw 12 thus achieve a geometric connection.

[0132] The guide rod 23 is configured to translate along the actuation axis 9 through the through hole 24 of the nut screw 12 according to the translation of the thrust piston 5.

[0133] Advantageously, the geometric connection between the guide rod 23 and the nut screw 12 ensures the correct orientation of the thrust piston 5 inside the brake feel simulator device 1, in particular ensures the correct orientation of the thrust piston 5 relative to the screw-nut screw assembly 10, thereby avoiding misalignment or dislocation that would otherwise cause increased stress and risks of damage and wear to the brake feel simulator device 1.

[0134] According to an embodiment, at least one elastic element 4 is positioned substantially coaxially with the guide rod 23.

[0135] According to an embodiment, at least one auxiliary elastic element 22 is provided between the thrust piston 5 and the guide rod 23.

[0136] According to this embodiment, at least one auxiliary elastic element 22 is configured to bias the guide rod 23 away from the thrust piston 5.

[0137] Advantageously, at least one auxiliary elastic element 22 prevents the thrust piston 5 biased by the hydraulic fluid from suddenly hitting the guide rod 23, and such a sudden impact poses a risk of damaging the component. Conversely, at least one auxiliary elastic element 22 is configured to regulate the movement, approach, and relative contact between the thrust piston 5 and the guide rod 23.

[0138] According to an embodiment, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes at least one hydraulic seal 25.

[0139] At least one hydraulic seal 25 is positioned at the preloading piston 5 and is configured to prevent leakage of the hydraulic fluid towards at least one elastic element 4 and the electromechanical preloading device 6.

[0140] Specifically, at least one hydraulic seal 25 is provided between the thrust piston 5 and the receiving wall 15.

[0141] Advantageously, by means of at least one hydraulic seal 25, the hydraulic fluid is confined within the brake feel simulator device 1 in the space between the delivery pipe 21 and the biasing wall 19 of the thrust piston 5.

[0142] According to an embodiment, at least one hydraulic seal 25 is positioned at the preloading mechanism 8 and is configured to prevent leakage of the hydraulic fluid towards at least one elastic element 4 and the electromechanical preloading device 6.

[0143] Specifically, at least one hydraulic seal 25 is provided between the preloading mechanism 8 and the receiving wall 15.

[0144] Worm and worm gear transmission part 26

[0145] According to an alternative embodiment, the preloading mechanism 8 is a worm and worm gear drive 26.

[0146] The worm and worm gear drive 26 faces at least one elastic element 4.

[0147] The worm and worm gear drive 26 includes a toothed wheel 27 and a worm 28.

[0148] The worm 28 extends along the actuation axis 9.

[0149] The toothed wheel 27 is coaxial with an axis parallel to the actuation axis 9, or the toothed wheel 27 is coaxial with an axis transverse to the actuation axis 9 and extends substantially in a plane passing through the worm 28 and the actuation axis 9.

[0150] The toothed wheel 27 and the worm 28 are connected to each other such that a relative rotation of the worm 28 about the actuation axis 9 relative to the toothed wheel 27 corresponds to a relative translation of the worm 28 along the actuation axis 9 relative to the toothed wheel 27.

[0151] The electric motor 7 includes a drive shaft 13 extending along a motor axis 14.

[0152] The worm gear 26 is connected to the drive shaft 13.

[0153] The electric motor 7 is configured to apply a mechanical torque to at least one of the toothed wheel 27 and the worm 28 so that at least one of the toothed wheel 27 and the worm 28 translates along an axis parallel to the actuation axis 9 towards the thrust piston 5 or so that at least one of the toothed wheel 27 and the worm 28 translates away from the thrust piston 5, thereby increasing or decreasing a preloading force of at least one elastic element 4.

[0154] Specifically, a translation of the toothed wheel 27 or the worm 28 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to an increase in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the worm gear 26 and the thrust piston 5.

[0155] Conversely, a translation of the toothed wheel 27 or the worm 28 away from the thrust piston 5 corresponds to a decrease in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the worm gear 26 and the thrust piston 5.

[0156] According to an embodiment, the brake feel simulator device 1 includes a receiving wall 15 extending along the actuation axis 9.

[0157] In the receiving wall 15, a receiving compartment 16 is defined in the receiving wall 15.

[0158] The worm gear 26 is received inside the receiving compartment 16.

[0159] According to an embodiment, the toothed wheel 27 of the worm gear 26 is connected to the drive shaft 13 of the electric motor 7 such that the toothed wheel 27 is configured to receive a mechanical torque from the electric motor 7.

[0160] The toothed wheel 27 is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15 but not to translate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0161] Furthermore, the worm 28 of the worm gear 26 is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall 15 along the actuation axis 9 but not to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0162] Furthermore, the worm 28 is configured to translate along the actuation axis 9 towards or away from the thrust piston 5, so as to increase or decrease the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4.

[0163] Specifically, the translation of the worm 28 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to an increase in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the worm 28 and the thrust piston 5.

[0164] Conversely, the translation of the worm 28 away from the thrust piston 5 corresponds to a decrease in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the worm 28 and the thrust piston 5.

[0165] According to this embodiment, the first end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the thrust piston 5, and the second end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the worm 28.

[0166] According to an alternative embodiment, the worm 28 of the worm gear 26 is connected to the drive shaft 13 of the electric motor 7, such that the worm 28 is configured to receive mechanical torque from the electric motor 7.

[0167] The worm 28 is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15, but not to translate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0168] Furthermore, the toothed wheel 27 of the worm gear 26 is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall 15 along the actuation axis 9, but not to rotate relative to the receiving wall 15.

[0169] Furthermore, the toothed wheel 27 is configured to translate along the actuation axis 9 towards or away from the thrust piston 5 to increase or decrease the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4.

[0170] Specifically, the translation of the toothed wheel 27 towards the thrust piston 5 corresponds to an increase in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the toothed wheel 27 and the thrust piston 5.

[0171] Conversely, the translation of the toothed wheel 27 away from the thrust piston 5 corresponds to a decrease in the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 provided between the toothed wheel 27 and the thrust piston 5.

[0172] According to this embodiment, the first end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the thrust piston 5, and the second end of at least one elastic element 4 abuts against the toothed wheel 27.

[0173] According to this embodiment, the toothed wheel 27 is coaxial with an axis parallel to the actuation axis 9.

[0174] According to an embodiment, the thread portion of the worm gear 26 is of the irreversible type.

[0175] Thus, the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 achieved by the worm 28 abutting against at least one elastic element 4 or by the toothed wheel 27 abutting against at least one elastic element 4 is retained, and even in the absence of actuation from the electric motor 7, the preloading force of at least one elastic element 4 achieved by the worm 28 abutting against at least one elastic element 4 or by the toothed wheel 27 abutting against at least one elastic element 4 is retained.

[0176] According to an embodiment, the worm gear drive 26 and the electric motor 7 are positioned such that the actuation axis 9 coincides with the motor axis 14.

[0177] Brake system 2

[0178] According to another aspect of the present invention, the braking system 2 includes the braking feel simulator device 1 as described above.

[0179] Furthermore, the braking system 2 includes a brake pedal 3 operatively connected to the braking feel simulator device 1.

[0180] According to an embodiment, the braking system 2 includes an electronic processing unit electrically connected to the electromechanical preloading device 6 of the braking feel simulator device 1.

[0181] The electronic processing unit is configured to operate the electromechanical preloading device 6 to obtain a given preloading force of at least one elastic element 4.

[0182] Specifically, the electronic processing unit is configured to control the braking feel simulator device 1 to obtain a stiffness curve that can be selected from a plurality of stiffness curves.

[0183] According to this embodiment, each selectable stiffness curve corresponds to a value of a given preloading force of at least one elastic element 4, and the value of the given preloading force can be achieved by the electromechanical preloading device 6.

[0184] According to an embodiment, the braking system 2 includes at least one sensor.

[0185] The sensor is configured to directly or indirectly detect the mechanical torque applied by the electric motor 7.

[0186] Alternatively or additionally, the sensor is configured to directly or indirectly detect the translation or position of the nut screw 12, or the screw 11, or the worm 28, or the toothed wheel 27 along the actuation axis 9.

[0187] According to an embodiment, the braking system 2 includes a selection device connected to the electronic processing unit.

[0188] The selection device is configured to allow the driver to select a stiffness curve from a plurality of predetermined stiffness curves of the brake feel simulator device 1.

[0189] According to an embodiment, each selectable stiffness curve corresponds to a given value of the mechanical torque applied by the electric motor 7, or each selectable stiffness curve corresponds to a given translation or position along the actuation axis 9 of the nut screw 12, or the screw 11, or the worm 28, or the toothed wheel 27.

[0190] According to an embodiment, the braking system 2 is configured to obtain at least two different stiffness curves, preferably, the braking system 2 is configured to obtain at least three different stiffness curves.

[0191] The stiffness curves are different due to the different steepness of the stiffness curves, and thus, the stiffness curves are different due to the different hardness that can be perceived by the driver operating the brake pedal 3.

[0192] For example, the driver can select from three different stiffness curves, such as those called "sport", "drive", and "city", according to the corresponding hardness.

[0193] According to an embodiment, the braking system 2 includes a master cylinder 29 connected to the brake pedal 3.

[0194] The master cylinder 29 includes a floating member 30, and the floating member 30 is arranged to move by the mechanical action of the driver on the brake pedal 3. The floating member 30 has the function of pressurizing the hydraulic fluid.

[0195] In addition, the hydraulic fluid is accommodated in a reservoir 31 that is fluidly connected to the master cylinder 29.

[0196] The master cylinder 29 is fluidly connected to the brake feel simulator device 1 by means of a first hydraulic conduit 36 containing the hydraulic fluid.

[0197] According to an embodiment, a first on-off valve 33 is arranged along the first hydraulic conduit 32. The on-off valve 33 can be opened and closed; in the open configuration, the on-off valve 33 allows fluid connection between the master cylinder 29 and the brake feel simulator device 1; in the closed configuration, the on-off valve 33 disconnects the brake feel simulator device 1 from the master cylinder 29.

[0198] According to an embodiment, the braking system 2 further includes a second hydraulic conduit 34, and the second hydraulic conduit 34 is operatively connected to at least one braking device associated with the vehicle wheels.

[0199] The second hydraulic conduit 34 is connected to the first hydraulic conduit 32 by means of a second on-off valve 35.

[0200] Similarly, the second on-off valve can be opened and closed; in the open configuration, the second on-off valve 35 allows a fluid connection between the master cylinder 29 and the braking device, so that the driver can directly operate the braking device in a conventional hydraulically actuated manner by acting on the brake pedal 3. In the closed configuration, the second on-off valve 35 prevents a direct hydraulic connection between the master cylinder 29 and the braking device. Therefore, in the event of a failure of the electric actuating device or a power failure, the second hydraulic conduit 34 serves as a spare part.

[0201] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make changes or modifications to the present invention without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

[0202] List of reference numerals

[0203] 1. Braking feeling simulator device

[0204] 2. Braking system

[0205] 3. Brake pedal

[0206] 4. Elastic element

[0207] 5. Thrust piston

[0208] 6. Electromechanical preloading device

[0209] 7. Electric motor

[0210] 8. Preloading mechanism

[0211] 9. Actuating axis

[0212] 10. Screw-nut screw assembly

[0213] 11. Screw

[0214] 12. Nut screw

[0215] 13. Drive shaft

[0216] 14. Drive axis

[0217] 15. Receiving wall

[0218] 16. Receiving compartment

[0219] 17. Transmission

[0220] 18. Support

[0221] 19. Biasing wall

[0222] 20. Thrust wall

[0223] 21. Delivery pipe

[0224] 22. Auxiliary elastic element

[0225] 23. Guide rod

[0226] 24. Through hole

[0227] 25. Hydraulic seal

[0228] 26. Worm and worm gear transmission parts

[0229] 27. Toothed wheel

[0230] 28. Worm

[0231] 29. Master cylinder

[0232] 30. Floating part

[0233] 31. Reservoir

[0234] 32. First hydraulic conduit

[0235] 33. First on-off valve

[0236] 34. Second hydraulic conduit

[0237] 35. Second on-off valve.

Claims

1. A braking feel simulator device (1) for a braking system (2), the braking feel simulator device (1) being adapted to be connected to a brake pedal (3), Among them, The braking feel simulator device (1) comprises: - at least one elastic element (4); - a thrust piston (5) configured to be biased against at least one of the elastic elements (4) in response to actuation of the brake pedal (3); - an electromechanical preloading device (6) configured to preload at least one of the elastic elements (4).

2. The braking feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The electromechanical preloading device (6) includes an electric motor (7) and a preloading mechanism (8), wherein the preloading mechanism (8) is configured to apply a preloading force to at least one of the elastic elements (4), and wherein the electric motor (7) is configured to actuate the preloading mechanism (8) such that the preloading mechanism (8) preloads at least one of the elastic elements (4), and wherein the preloading mechanism (8) is an irreversible mechanism, and wherein optionally, at least one of the elastic elements (4) is positioned between the thrust piston (5) and the electromechanical preloading device (6).

3. The braking feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The electromechanical preloading device (6) includes an electric motor (7) and a preloading mechanism (8), wherein the preloading mechanism (8) is configured to apply a preloading force to at least one of the elastic elements (4), and wherein the electric motor (7) is configured to actuate the preloading mechanism (8) such that the preloading mechanism (8) preloads at least one elastic element (4), wherein the preloading mechanism (8) is a screw - nut screw assembly (10), wherein the screw - nut screw assembly (10) faces at least one of the elastic elements (4) and is coaxial with an actuation axis (9), wherein the screw - nut screw assembly (10) includes a screw (11) and a nut screw (12), wherein the screw (11) and the nut screw (12) are connected to each other such that: the relative translation of the nut screw (12) along the actuation axis (9) with respect to the screw (11) corresponds to the relative rotation of the screw (11) about the actuation axis (9) with respect to the nut screw (12), wherein the electric motor (7) includes a drive shaft (13) extending along a drive axis (14), and the screw - nut screw assembly (10) is connected to the drive shaft (13), wherein the electric motor (7) is configured to apply a mechanical torque to at least the screw (11) or the nut screw (12) to translate at least the screw (11) or the nut screw (12) along the actuation axis (9) towards or away from the thrust piston (5), thereby increasing or decreasing the preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4).

4. The braking feel simulator device (1) according to claim 3, wherein the braking feel simulator device (1) includes a receiving wall (15) extending along an actuation axis (9), wherein, In the receiving wall (15), the receiving wall (15) defines a receiving compartment (16), and therein, the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is received inside the receiving compartment (16). Wherein, the screw (11) of the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is connected to the drive shaft (13) of the electric motor (7) such that the screw (11) is configured to receive mechanical torque from the electric motor (7). Wherein, the screw (11) is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall (15) but not translate relative to the receiving wall (15). Wherein, the nut screw (12) of the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall (15) along the actuation axis (9) but not rotate relative to the receiving wall (15). Wherein, the nut screw (12) is configured to translate along the actuation axis (9) towards or away from the thrust piston (5) to increase or decrease the preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4).

5. The braking feel simulator device (1) according to claim 3, the braking feel simulator device (1) comprising a receiving wall (15) extending along an actuation axis (9), wherein, In the receiving wall (15), the receiving wall (15) defines a receiving compartment (16), and therein, the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is received inside the receiving compartment (16). Wherein, the nut screw (12) of the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is connected to the drive shaft (13) of the electric motor (7) such that the nut (12) is configured to receive mechanical torque from the electric motor (7). Wherein, the nut screw (12) is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall (15) but not translate relative to the receiving wall (15). Wherein, the screw (11) of the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall (15) along the actuation axis (9) but not rotate relative to the receiving wall (15). Wherein, the screw (11) is configured to translate along the actuation axis (9) towards or away from the thrust piston (5) to increase or decrease the preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4).

6. The braking feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 3, wherein, The thread portion of the screw-nut screw assembly (10) is of the irreversible type.

7. The braking feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 3, wherein, The screw-nut screw assembly (10) and the electric motor (7) are positioned such that the actuation axis (9) coincides with the drive axis (14). And / or wherein, the electric motor (7) is positioned opposite the thrust piston (5) relative to the screw-nut screw assembly (10). And / or, the nut screw (12) is positioned opposite the electric motor (7) relative to the screw (11). And / or wherein, the brake feel simulator device (1) includes a transmission device (17) disposed between the electric motor (7) and the preloading mechanism (8). And / or wherein, the brake feel simulator device (1) includes a support member (18) disposed between the electric motor (7) and the preloading mechanism (8), And / or wherein, the transmission device (17) is disposed between the support member (18) and the preloading mechanism (8).

8. A brake feel simulator device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the brake feel simulator device (1) comprising a receiving wall (15) extending along an actuation axis (9), wherein, In the receiving wall (15), the receiving wall (15) defines a receiving compartment (16), and wherein at least one of the elastic elements (4) is positioned inside the receiving compartment (16), Wherein at least one of the elastic elements (4) is configured to be biased along a direction substantially parallel to the actuation axis (9) and bias the thrust piston (5) towards the rest position of the thrust piston (5), Wherein at least one of the elastic elements (4) includes at least one helical compression spring, the at least one helical compression spring being positioned substantially coaxially with the actuation axis (9), wherein a first end of the at least one helical compression spring is positioned to abut against the thrust piston (5), and a second end of the at least one helical compression spring is positioned to abut against the electromechanical preloading device (6), Or wherein the brake feel simulator device (1) includes a plurality of elastic elements (4), the plurality of elastic elements (4) being positioned inside the receiving compartment (16) in series and / or in parallel, wherein the plurality of elastic elements (4) includes helical springs, and / or square springs, and / or torsion springs, and / or strip springs, and / or shaped springs, And / or wherein at least one of the elastic elements (4) is configured to bias the thrust piston (5) towards the rest position of the thrust piston (5).

9. The brake feel simulator device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The thrust piston (5) forms a blind piston cavity that opens in the direction of the preloading mechanism (8), and wherein a first end of at least one of the elastic elements (4) is received in the blind piston cavity, Alternatively, or wherein, the thrust piston (5) includes a biasing wall (19) that faces and is opposite to at least one of the elastic elements (4), the biasing wall being substantially transverse to the actuation axis (9), wherein the thrust piston (5) is configured to receive a bias of hydraulic fluid on the biasing wall (19), the bias of the hydraulic fluid being adapted to translate the thrust piston (5) towards at least one of the elastic elements (4), wherein the biasing wall (19) faces a delivery conduit (21) that is configured to fluidly connect the brake feel simulator device (1) to the brake pedal (3) by means of the hydraulic fluid, and wherein the brake feel simulator device (1) includes at least one auxiliary elastic element (22), at least one of the auxiliary elastic elements (22) being disposed between the thrust piston (5) and the delivery conduit (21), wherein at least one of the auxiliary elastic elements (22) is positioned against the thrust piston (5), and at least one of the auxiliary elastic elements (22) is configured to: prevent the thrust piston (5) from impacting the delivery conduit (21) under the biasing action of at least one of the elastic elements (4) when the brake pedal (3) is not actuated.

10. The brake feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 4, wherein, The thrust piston (5) includes a guide rod (23) that extends along the actuation axis (9). Wherein, at the guide rod (23), the nut screw (12) is formed with a through hole (24), wherein the through hole (24) is coaxial with the actuation axis (9). And wherein the guide rod (23) is positioned to pass through the through hole (24) of the nut screw (12) such that the guide rod (23) and the nut screw (12) achieve a geometric connection, and the guide rod (23) is configured to translate along the actuation axis (9) through the through hole (24) of the nut screw (12) according to the translation of the thrust piston (5). And wherein the brake feel simulator device (1) optionally includes at least one auxiliary elastic element (22) disposed between the thrust piston (5) and the guide rod (23), wherein at least one of the auxiliary elastic elements (22) is configured to bias the guide rod (23) away from the thrust piston (5).

11. The brake feel simulator device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The brake feel simulator device (1) includes at least one hydraulic seal (25) that is positioned at the thrust piston (5), and the at least one hydraulic seal (25) is configured to prevent leakage of hydraulic fluid towards the electromechanical preloading device (6) and at least one of the elastic elements (4). And preferably, the brake feel simulator device (1) includes a receiving wall (15) extending along an actuation axis (9), wherein, within the receiving wall (15), the receiving wall defines a receiving compartment (16), and the at least one hydraulic seal (25) is disposed between the thrust piston (5) and the receiving wall (15).

12. The braking feel simulator device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The electromechanical preloading device (6) includes an electric motor (7) and a preloading mechanism (8), wherein the preloading mechanism (8) is configured to apply a preloading force to at least one of the elastic elements (4), and wherein the electric motor (7) is configured to actuate the preloading mechanism (8) such that the preloading mechanism (8) preloads at least one of the elastic elements (4). Wherein the preloading mechanism (8) is a worm and worm wheel drive (26) facing at least one of the elastic elements (4). Wherein the worm and worm wheel drive (26) includes a toothed wheel (27) and a worm (28), and wherein the worm (28) extends along the actuation axis (9). Wherein the toothed wheel (27) is coaxial with an axis parallel to the actuation axis (9), or the toothed wheel (27) is coaxial with an axis transverse to the actuation axis (9), and the toothed wheel (27) extends generally in a plane passing through the worm (28) and the actuation axis (9). Wherein the toothed wheel (27) and the worm (28) are connected to each other such that a relative rotation of the worm (28) about the actuation axis (9) relative to the toothed wheel (27) corresponds to a relative translation of the worm (28) relative to the toothed wheel (27) along the actuation axis (9). Wherein the electric motor (7) includes a drive shaft (13) extending along a motor axis (14). Wherein the worm and worm wheel drive (26) is connected to the drive shaft (13). And wherein the electric motor (7) is configured to apply a mechanical torque to at least one of the toothed wheel (27) and the worm (28) to cause at least the toothed wheel (27) or the worm (28) to translate along an axis parallel to the actuation axis (9) toward or away from the thrust piston (5), thereby increasing or decreasing the preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4).

13. The braking feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 12, the braking feeling simulator device (1) includes a receiving wall (15) extending along the actuation axis (9), wherein, Within the receiving wall (15), the receiving wall defines a receiving compartment (16), and wherein the worm (26) is received within the receiving compartment (16). Wherein the toothed wheel (27) of the worm and worm wheel drive (26) is connected to the drive shaft (13) of the electric motor (7) such that the toothed wheel (27) is configured to receive a mechanical torque from the electric motor (7). Wherein the toothed wheel (27) is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall (15) but not translate relative to the receiving wall (15). and wherein, the worm (28) of the worm and gear transmission member (26) is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall (15) along the actuation axis (9), but not to rotate relative to the receiving wall (15), and wherein, the worm (28) is configured to translate along the actuation axis (9) towards or away from the thrust piston (5) so as to increase or decrease the preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4).

14. The braking feel simulator device (1) according to claim 12, the braking feel simulator device (1) comprising a receiving wall (15) extending along the actuation axis (9), wherein, In the receiving wall (15), the receiving wall defines a receiving compartment (16), and wherein, the worm (26) is received within the receiving compartment (16), wherein, the worm (28) of the worm and gear transmission member (26) is connected to the drive shaft (13) of the electric motor (7) such that the worm (28) is configured to receive mechanical torque from the electric motor (7), wherein, the worm (28) is configured to rotate relative to the receiving wall (15), but not to translate relative to the receiving wall (15), and wherein, the toothed wheel (27) of the worm and gear transmission member (26) is configured to translate relative to the receiving wall (15) along the actuation axis (9), but not to rotate relative to the receiving wall (15), and wherein, the toothed wheel (27) is configured to translate along the actuation axis (9) towards or away from the thrust piston (5) so as to increase or decrease the preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4).

15. The braking feeling simulator device (1) according to claim 12, wherein, The thread portion of the worm and gear transmission member (26) is of the irreversible type.

16. A braking system (2), the braking system (2) comprising a brake feel simulator device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and the braking system (2) comprising a brake pedal (3) operatively connected to the brake feel simulator device (1).

17. The braking system (2) according to claim 16, wherein the braking system (2) further comprises an electronic processing unit electrically connected to the electromechanical preloading device (6) of the brake feel simulator device (1), wherein, The electronic processing unit is configured to actuate the electromechanical preloading device (6) to obtain a given preloading force of at least one of the elastic elements (4), and wherein, the braking system (2) comprises at least one sensor configured to directly or indirectly detect the mechanical torque applied by the electric motor (7), and / or the sensor is configured to directly or indirectly detect the translation or position of the nut screw (12), or the screw (11), or the worm (28), or the toothed wheel (27) along the actuation axis (9).

18. The braking system (2) according to claim 17, the braking system (2) comprising a selection device connected to the electronic processing unit, Among them, the selection device being configured to allow a driver to select a stiffness curve from a plurality of predetermined stiffness curves that can be achieved by the brake feel simulator device (1), and wherein each of the optional stiffness curves corresponds to a given mechanical torque value applied by the electric motor (7), or each of the optional stiffness curves corresponds to a given translation or position along the actuation axis (9) of the nut screw (12), or the screw (11), or the worm (28), or the toothed wheel (27).

Images