Battery management device and method

Abstract

A battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a reference information storage unit configured to store a reference curve including a reference cathode curve; a curve generation unit configured to generate a negative electrode curve of each of the plurality of batteries using the reference curve and the charge and discharge curve of each of the plurality of batteries; a characteristic information generation unit configured to generate, for each of the plurality of batteries, a negative electrode change ratio of a negative electrode curve compared with a reference negative electrode curve; a calculation processing unit configured to calculate a relative difference of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios; and a diagnosis unit configured to diagnose a state of the plurality of batteries using a calculation result of the calculation processing unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application is based on and claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0097814, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on July 26, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a technology for diagnosing and managing the state of a battery, and more particularly, to a battery management apparatus and method for efficiently diagnosing a defective battery by using a relative comparison of the rate of change of a negative electrode curve. Background Art

[0003] As the demand for portable electronic products such as laptop computers, cameras, and mobile phones that use electricity as a power source has rapidly increased, and as mobile robots, electric bicycles, electric carts, and electric vehicles have become more widely commercialized, research on high-performance secondary batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged has been actively conducted.

[0004] Commercialized secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have the advantages of being freely chargeable and dischargeable and having a very low self-discharge rate compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, with almost no memory effect, and they also have the characteristics of high energy density and high operating voltage, and thus are more deeply studied and more widely applied to actual products than other types of secondary batteries.

[0005] Recently, secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices but also in medium and large devices such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems (ESS).

[0006] In this case, battery modules in which a plurality of electrically connected secondary batteries are stored together in a module housing are mainly applied. In addition, in cases where high power or large capacity is required, battery packs in which a plurality of such battery modules are electrically connected are also applied.

[0007] Secondary battery cells, cell assemblies, battery modules, or battery packs (hereinafter collectively referred to as "batteries") are important factors in power efficiency and safety. Accordingly, research on a BMS (battery management system) that monitors the electrical characteristics of a battery and performs feedback control such as charging and discharging using the monitoring results has also been actively conducted.

[0008] Unlike methods of generating energy based on fossil fuels, secondary single-based batteries generate energy through an electrochemical reaction, and thus there is a problem in that they cannot maintain the performance of the BOL (beginning of life) state as the charge and discharge cycles proceed.

[0009] This degradation phenomenon is an inherent phenomenon that occurs as the battery is used, but it may also be affected by manufacturing defects such as process errors, impurity contamination, physical damage (such as cracking), and short circuits.

[0010] In this way, as the battery continues to be used (charged and discharged), its usability decreases due to capacity degradation, output degradation, etc., and this degradation also acts as a risk factor in terms of safety. Therefore, in order to control the limited use of degraded batteries, determine the replacement timing, or improve the efficiency of battery reuse (or recycling), it is necessary to accurately and quickly diagnose the current battery degradation level and whether it is defective. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Technical Problem

[0012] The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems in the related art fields, and thus the present disclosure aims to provide a battery management device and method that can quickly and accurately diagnose and select defective batteries by using a negative electrode change ratio (ns), which is generated by using the negative electrode curves of each of a plurality of batteries and the relative differences between them.

[0013] The technical problems that the present disclosure attempts to solve are not limited to the above problems, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand other problems not mentioned from the description of the present disclosure below.

[0014] Technical Solution

[0015] A battery management device according to an aspect of the present disclosure may include: a reference information storage unit configured to store a reference curve including a reference negative electrode curve; a curve generation unit configured to generate a negative electrode curve of each of a plurality of batteries by using the reference curve and the charge and discharge curves of each of the plurality of batteries; a characteristic information generation unit configured to generate a negative electrode change ratio of each of the plurality of batteries compared with the reference negative electrode curve; a calculation processing unit configured to calculate the relative difference of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios; and a diagnosis unit configured to diagnose the states of the plurality of batteries by using the calculation result of the calculation processing unit.

[0016] The diagnosis unit may be configured to diagnose normal batteries and defective batteries among the plurality of batteries by using the calculation result.

[0017] A battery management device according to another aspect of the present disclosure may further include a management control unit configured to control the charge and discharge of defective batteries to be restricted.

[0018] The diagnosis unit may be configured to generate degradation rate information of at least one of the plurality of batteries by using the calculation result.

[0019] The battery management device may further include a management control unit configured to control at least one of the plurality of batteries such that the charge and discharge ranges are differentially limited according to the degradation rate information.

[0020] The calculation processing unit may be configured to perform a weight calculation on the calculation result of the difference between the average value of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios and the individual negative electrode change ratios.

[0021] The calculation processing unit may be configured to calculate a statistical deviation value of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios.

[0022] The diagnosis unit may be configured to further diagnose the degradation imbalance of the plurality of batteries using the statistical deviation value.

[0023] The characteristic information generation unit may be configured to calculate the ratio of the negative electrode curve to the reference negative electrode curve as the negative electrode change ratio.

[0024] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include a battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

[0025] A vehicle according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include a battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

[0026] A battery management method according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include: a curve generation step of generating a negative electrode curve for each of the plurality of batteries using a reference curve and the charge and discharge curves of each of the plurality of batteries; a characteristic information generation step of generating a negative electrode change ratio for each of the plurality of batteries with respect to the negative electrode curve compared to a reference negative electrode curve included in the reference curve; a calculation processing step of calculating a relative difference of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios; and a diagnosis step of diagnosing the state of the plurality of batteries using the calculation result of the calculation processing step.

[0027] Advantageous Effects

[0028] According to the present disclosure, the advantage is that defective batteries can be quickly diagnosed from a plurality of batteries using the reference curve of the battery and the charge and discharge curves of the battery. In addition, according to the present disclosure, the degradation rate information of the defective batteries can be provided quickly and accurately.

[0029] In addition, since the diagnosis method of the present disclosure can be implemented by software that can be installed in a BMS or the like or a module that executes the same, higher scalability can be provided.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, since it is possible to accurately diagnose whether an object (e.g., a battery pack) applied to an actual application device (e.g., a vehicle, an ESS, etc.) is degraded and / or whether there is a degradation imbalance, the effectiveness of battery control and management can be improved.

[0031] In addition, in the case of the present disclosure, the efficiency of the battery management process can be further improved by differentially applying the usage restriction range of at least one battery among a plurality of batteries according to the degradation rate information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the foregoing disclosure, are used to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not to be construed as limited to the drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure in which a negative electrode curve is determined according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example in the form of a graph of charge and discharge curves of a target battery.

[0038] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example in the form of a graph of a negative electrode curve of a target battery.

[0039] Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining a negative electrode change ratio (ns) generated based on the negative electrode curve.

[0040] Figure 8 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the negative electrode change ratio (ns) of each of a plurality of batteries.

[0041] Figure 9 is a diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the negative electrode change ratio (ns) of each of a plurality of batteries.

[0042] Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example of the distribution of deviation values generated using the negative electrode change ratio (ns). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description, it should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be construed as limited to the general meaning and dictionary meaning, but should be interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure, on the basis of the principle that allows the inventor to appropriately define the terms for the best illustration.

[0044] Therefore, the description presented herein is only a preferred example for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, it should be understood that other equivalents and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0045] In addition, when the detailed description of related known elements or functions is considered to obscure the key subject matter of the present disclosure during the description of the present disclosure, the detailed description is omitted herein.

[0046] Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as "including" or "comprising" any element, this means that the part may further include other elements without excluding other elements, unless otherwise explicitly stated.

[0047] In addition, a term such as a processor described in the specification means a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0048] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it is not limited to the case where they are "directly connected", but also includes the case where they are "indirectly connected" by another element inserted therebetween.

[0049] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration of a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the battery management device 100 of the present disclosure can be configured to include a reference information storage unit 110, a measurement unit 120, a curve generation unit 130, a characteristic information generation unit 140, a calculation processing unit 150, a diagnosis unit 160, a management control unit 170, and an information sharing unit 180.

[0051] Before entering the detailed description of the present disclosure, it is obvious that the battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure can be implemented through various combinations of electronic devices, parts, etc. (such as storage devices, calculation processing devices, input / output devices, etc.). Therefore, Figure 1Each component of the battery management device 100 shown should be understood as a functionally or logically distinct component, rather than a physically distinct component.

[0052] That is, since each component depicted in the drawings corresponds to a logical structure for effectively explaining the technical idea of the present disclosure, even if each component is integrated or configured separately, if it can achieve the functions performed by the logical structure of the present disclosure, it should be construed as being within the scope of the present disclosure, and if it is a component performing the same or similar functions, it should of course be construed as being within the scope of the present disclosure, regardless of the consistency of its name.

[0053] In addition, the battery management method of the present disclosure can be implemented as a collection or algorithm for processing such as data processing, handling, control, operation, input / output, etc., and thus, it can be Figure 1 implemented in the form of a combination of the logical structures shown in and software installed and operated in a system, device, computer (or an equivalent device thereof), BMS, module, or its lower-level components.

[0054] The battery management device 100 of the present disclosure can be configured to detect or diagnose normal batteries and defective batteries targeting a plurality of batteries 10. According to an embodiment, the battery management device 100 can be configured to generate and output diagnostic data of the plurality of batteries 10 for an organic link with other configurations or modules / devices.

[0055] Here, the defective battery BB refers to an abnormal battery that has a relatively high degree of deterioration compared to other batteries or cannot exhibit the designed operating performance due to process errors, physical damage, etc.

[0056] From a corresponding perspective, the normal battery NB refers to a battery that has characteristics opposite to those of the defective battery BB and has a driving performance (such as a deterioration level) at the same or similar level as other batteries, or a battery that achieves normal driving performance corresponding to the design specifications (taking into account the range of errors). Here, the normal driving performance does not mean the driving performance in the BOL (beginning of life) state, but the driving performance expressed at a deterioration level within the normal range according to the number of times or degree of use while undergoing a normal deterioration process.

[0057] For example, in Figure 1 the embodiment of, the battery management device 100 can diagnose and manage a plurality of batteries 10. For example, the battery management device 100 can diagnose and manage k batteries, where k is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

[0058] In addition, in Figure 1 the plurality of batteries 10 can be a single cell or a cell assembly having a plurality of cells connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0059] The curve generation unit 130 of the present disclosure is configured to generate a negative electrode curve (Rn, see Figure 6 etc.) for each of the plurality of batteries 10 (S220).

[0060] Before entering the detailed description of the specific functions and processes of the present disclosure, the process of generating the negative electrode curve Rn for each of the plurality of batteries 10 will be briefly described with reference to Figure 3 etc.

[0061] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure in which the negative electrode curve is determined according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] The reference information storage unit 110 may be configured to store a negative electrode curve (hereinafter referred to as 'reference negative electrode curve') and a positive electrode curve (hereinafter referred to as'reference positive electrode curve') for reference charging or discharging of a battery (S300, see Figure 3 ).

[0063] The reference curve may include a reference positive electrode curve and a reference negative electrode curve. The reference curve may be a graph that can be expressed on a coordinate system in which the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents the capacity (Ah) or SOC (state of charge), and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents the voltage (V), or a function or data set representing them, as is known.

[0064] The reference positive (negative) electrode curve may be a curve representing the positive (negative) electrode voltage and the capacity measured while charging or discharging a three-electrode battery or a positive (negative) electrode half-cell.

[0065] Here, the reference battery is a battery having the same size or specification as the battery to be diagnosed (hereinafter referred to as 'target battery'), and may be a battery in the BOL (beginning of life) state or a simulated ideal battery for relative comparison with the target battery.

[0066] The measurement unit 120 is configured to measure the electrical characteristic values (such as voltage) of the target battery during the charging or discharging process (S310). When the electrical characteristic values of the target battery are measured in this way, the curve generation unit 130 of the present disclosure generates a charge and discharge curve M as shown in Figure 5 by utilizing the correlation between the measured electrical characteristic values (such as voltage) and the capacity of the target battery (S320).

[0067] When generating the charge and discharge curve M, the curve generation unit 130 performs a process of comparing or contrasting the charge and discharge curve M with a simulated curve (S330).

[0068] Here, the charge and discharge curve M is a voltage curve related to the capacity measured from the target battery, and the simulation curve is a curve that is pre-stored or obtained from pre-stored data (reference positive electrode curve and reference negative electrode curve) for comparison with the curve of the target battery.

[0069] Therefore, the simulation curve can be stored in the reference information storage unit 110 together with the reference positive (negative) electrode curve.

[0070] When deterioration occurs due to use (including when there are problems during the manufacturing process), the charge and discharge curve M of the target battery changes, and thus a difference appears between the simulation curve and the charge and discharge curve M.

[0071] To minimize this difference, the curve generation unit 130 can adjust the reference curve to correspond to the charge and discharge curve M. For example, the curve generation unit 130 can perform processes such as axis shift, scaling adjustment, ratio adjustment, offset adjustment, and shrinkage adjustment on the reference positive electrode curve and / or the reference negative electrode curve. The curve generation unit 130 can set the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve through the processes, and apply fitting to the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve. As a result of the fitting, the curve generation unit 130 can obtain the positive electrode curve (Rp, see Figure 6 ) and the negative electrode curve (Rn, see Figure 6 ) (S340) of the target battery that actually reflect deterioration, etc.

[0072] Specifically, factors such as pi (positive initial), pf (positive final), and ps (positive shrinkage) can be derived from the positive electrode curve Rp. Similarly, factors such as ni (negative initial), nf (negative final), and ns (negative shrinkage) can be derived from the negative electrode curve Rn.

[0073] Here, pi is the initial potential value of the positive electrode curve Rp (the positive electrode potential value at the initial point of the capacity of the full battery), pf is the final potential value of the positive electrode curve Rp (the positive electrode potential value at the final point of the capacity of the full battery), ni is the initial potential value of the negative electrode curve Rn (the negative electrode potential value at the initial point of the capacity of the full battery), and nf is the final potential value of the negative electrode curve Rn (the negative electrode potential value at the final point of the capacity of the full battery). ps is the change ratio of the positive electrode curve Rp compared with the reference positive electrode curve, and ns is the change ratio of the negative electrode curve Rn compared with the reference negative electrode curve.

[0074] The curve generation unit 130 can obtain the positive electrode curve Rp and the negative electrode curve Rn of the target battery by changing the ratio of the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve, such that the potential difference between pi and ni corresponds to the initial voltage of the target battery and the potential difference between pf and nf corresponds to the final voltage of the target battery, and the capacities of the adjusted positive electrode curve and the adjusted negative electrode curve correspond to the capacity of the target battery. For example, the potential difference between pi and ni corresponds to the initial voltage of the charge and discharge curve M, and the potential difference between pf and nf corresponds to the final voltage of the charge and discharge curve M.

[0075] According to an embodiment, the positive (negative) electrode curve of the target battery can also be obtained by changing the ratio of pi, pf, ni, nf, and the adjusted positive (negative) electrode curve after presetting the capacity.

[0076] When generating or obtaining the negative electrode curve Rn of each target battery by the above method, the characteristic information generation unit 140 generates the change rate of the negative electrode curve Rn for each of the plurality of batteries, specifically, the change rate of the negative electrode curve Rn compared to the reference negative electrode curve (hereinafter referred to as 'negative change ratio (ns)') (S230). Figure 7 It is a diagram illustrating the negative change ratio (ns) generated based on the negative electrode curve. Specifically, the characteristic information generation unit 140 can be configured to calculate the ratio of the negative electrode curve to the reference negative electrode curve as the negative change ratio.

[0077] For example, in Figure 1 the embodiment of, the characteristic information generation unit 140 generates k negative change ratios (ns).

[0078] The negative change ratio (ns) is an index indicating the degree of battery deterioration. As the degree of deterioration increases, its magnitude decreases. Therefore, the magnitude of the negative change ratio (ns) itself can be a key parameter for diagnosing the degree of battery deterioration.

[0079] As described above, the batteries applied to the application devices (such as electric vehicles, ESS, etc.) are usually formed in a grouped form such as Figure 1 illustrated by a plurality of batteries 10. If there is a large deviation in the degree of deterioration among the grouped batteries, collective performance deterioration may occur, in which the overall performance of the grouped batteries deteriorates to the level of the battery with the highest degree of deterioration (i.e., the most severe performance deterioration).

[0080] In this regard, it is desirable to configure the defective battery BB to be selected based on the relative difference in the degree of deterioration among the plurality of batteries 10. Therefore, the calculation processing unit 150 is configured to calculate the relative difference of the plurality of negative change ratios (ns) (S240).

[0081] As a method for calculating the relative difference, a method for relatively comparing the negative electrode change ratio (ns) itself can be applied. In addition, a method for calculating the difference between the average value of multiple negative electrode change ratios (ns) and the individual negative electrode change ratio (ns), or a method for calculating the weight of the difference calculation result on a function can be applied (S241). For example, the weight can be set in proportion to the magnitude of the difference calculation result.

[0082] When this weight calculation is applied, it is possible to provide the advantage of more clearly distinguishing between a battery whose negative electrode change ratio (ns) falls within the average value range and a battery whose negative electrode change ratio (ns) falls outside the average value range.

[0083] When calculating the relative difference of multiple negative electrode change ratios (ns) in this way (S240), the diagnosis unit 160 uses the calculation result of the calculation processing unit 150 to diagnose the states of the multiple batteries 10 (S250).

[0084] Figure 8 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the negative electrode change ratio (ns) of each of the multiple batteries. Specifically, Figure 8 is a diagram showing the distribution of the negative electrode change ratios (ns) of 10 batteries with reference numerals 11 to 20 in the form of a line graph.

[0085] In Figure 8 In this embodiment, since the batteries with reference numerals 12 and 19 exhibit relatively low negative electrode change ratios (ns) compared to other batteries, the diagnosis unit 160 can diagnose these batteries (reference numerals 12 and 19) as defective batteries BB (S251). Additionally, from a corresponding perspective, since the negative electrode change ratios (ns) of the remaining batteries form a distribution with a small deviation from the average value (average), the diagnosis unit 160 can diagnose the remaining batteries (reference numerals 11, 13 - 18, 20) as normal batteries NB (S251).

[0086] Figure 9 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the negative electrode change ratio (ns) of each of the multiple batteries. Specifically, Figure 9 is a diagram showing the distribution of the negative electrode change ratios (ns) of 10 batteries with reference numerals from 57 to 66 in the form of a line graph.

[0087] In Figure 9In the embodiment, since the battery numbered 57 exhibits a relatively low negative electrode change ratio (ns) compared to other batteries, the diagnosis unit 160 can diagnose this battery (reference numeral 57) as a defective battery BB (S251). Additionally, from a corresponding perspective, since the negative electrode change ratios (ns) of the remaining batteries form a distribution with a small deviation from the average value (average), the diagnosis unit 160 can diagnose the remaining batteries (reference numerals 58 - 66) as normal batteries NB (S251).

[0088] Figure 10 FIG. is an example showing the distribution of deviation values generated using the negative electrode change ratio (ns). Specifically, Figure 10 FIG. shows based on Figure 8 FIG. is a diagram showing the result of performing a weight calculation (square of the difference calculation result value) on the calculation result of the difference between the average value of the negative electrode change ratios (ns) of a plurality of batteries shown and the individual negative electrode change ratios (ns).

[0089] When performing a weight calculation such as the square of the deviation value (the difference between the average value of the negative electrode change ratio (ns) and the individual negative electrode change ratio) or an exponential function (e.g., , where x is the deviation value (absolute value)), as shown in Figure 10 FIG., compared with the values of the normal battery NB, the values of the defective battery BB can be more clearly expressed, so that the resolution for distinguishing the defective battery BB can be more precisely achieved.

[0090] When diagnosing the defective battery BB in this way by the diagnosis unit 160 of the present disclosure, the management control unit 170 of the present disclosure can exclude the defective battery BB from the charge and discharge processes, or control the charge and discharge of the defective battery BB to be limited to a specific range (S260).

[0091] Figure 4 FIG. is a flowchart showing a processing procedure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0092] As described above, when diagnosing the current states of a plurality of batteries (S400) and accordingly selecting normal batteries NB and defective batteries BB (S410), the diagnosis unit 160 can be configured to generate deterioration rate information of the defective battery BB by calculating the relative ratio of the negative electrode change ratio (ns) of the defective battery BB by means of a method such as comparing it with the capacity value of a reference battery (S420).

[0093] When the deterioration rate information of the defective battery BB and the like is generated and input into the management control unit 170 in this way, the management control unit 170 can limit the charging and discharging ranges of the defective battery BB. Here, the management control unit 170 can control the charging and discharging ranges of the defective battery BB to be differentially limited according to the deterioration rate information, such as by making the limitation of the charging and discharging ranges relatively large when the defective battery BB has relatively large deterioration rate information (S430).

[0094] According to an embodiment, the reference information storage unit 110 may be configured to further store identification information of the plurality of batteries 10 and / or attribute information including the identification information.

[0095] In this case, the information sharing unit 180 may be configured to generate status information including the identification information, defect information, or deterioration rate information of the plurality of batteries 10 and output the same to a user terminal or an information system of the vehicle (S440).

[0096] In addition, when the plurality of negative electrode change ratios (ns) of the plurality of batteries 10 are generated as described above, the calculation processing unit 150 may calculate a statistical deviation value (variance value, standard deviation value, etc.) of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios (ns).

[0097] Since the statistical deviation value is generated using the negative electrode change ratio (ns) of each of the plurality of batteries 10, the statistical deviation value becomes information representing the attributes of the individual components (e.g., battery modules, battery banks, or battery packs) of the plurality of batteries 10.

[0098] When the statistical deviation value is generated in this way, the diagnosis unit 160 may additionally use the statistical deviation value to diagnose the deterioration imbalance of the plurality of batteries 10.

[0099] A relatively large statistical deviation value (compared with a reference value, etc.) means that there is a relatively large deviation in the deterioration of the plurality of batteries 10. In other words, this means that there is an imbalance or non-uniformity in the deterioration among the plurality of batteries 10. A relatively small statistical deviation value means that the deterioration of the plurality of batteries 10 is uniform.

[0100] In this way, in the case of the present disclosure, the presence and degree of degradation imbalance of upper aggregates such as groups or modules are diagnosed, and thus subsequent processes or operations such as limiting the use of a target group or module, excluding charging and discharging, and determining the replacement time can be introduced more effectively.

[0101] In addition, the battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure can be applied to a BMS (Battery Management System). That is, the BMS according to the present disclosure may include the above-described battery management device 100. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery management device 100 can be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the configuration included in a conventional BMS.

[0102] The battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure can be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present disclosure can include the above battery management device 100 and one or more batteries, etc.

[0103] In addition, the battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure can be equipped in a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. That is, the vehicle according to the present disclosure can include the battery management device according to the present disclosure or the battery pack according to the present disclosure. In addition, in addition to the battery management device 100 or the battery pack, the vehicle according to the present disclosure can also include various other components included in the vehicle. For example, in addition to the device according to the present disclosure, the vehicle according to the present disclosure can also include a vehicle body, an electric motor, a control device such as an ECU (electronic control unit), etc.

[0104] The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, while indicating the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, the detailed description and specific examples are given only in an illustrative manner, because various changes and modifications within the scope of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art based on this detailed description.

[0105] For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure and showing its examples, the drawings, etc. can be shown in a slightly exaggerated form in order to emphasize or highlight the technical content of the present disclosure. However, it should be explained that obviously, by considering the previously described content and matters shown in the drawings, application examples of various modifications are possible at the level of those skilled in the art.

[0106] In addition, it is obvious that in the description of the present disclosure, expressions such as first, second, upper, lower, or superior and inferior are merely instrumental concept terms used to distinguish each component (element) from each other, rather than terms used to indicate a specific order, priority, etc., or terms used to physically distinguish each component (element) on an absolute basis.

[0107] (Explanation of reference numerals)

[0108] 10: Multiple batteries

[0109] 100: Battery management device

[0110] 110: Reference information storage unit

[0111] 120: Measurement unit

[0112] 130: Curve generation unit

[0113] 140: Characteristic information generation unit

[0114] 150: Calculation processing unit

[0115] 160: Diagnostic unit

[0116] 170: Management control unit

[0117] 180: Information sharing unit

Claims

1. A battery management device, comprising: A reference information storage unit configured to store a reference curve including a reference negative electrode curve; A curve generation unit configured to generate a negative electrode curve of each of the plurality of batteries using the reference curve and the charge and discharge curves of each of the plurality of batteries; A characteristic information generation unit configured to generate, for each of the plurality of batteries, a negative electrode change ratio of the negative electrode curve compared to the reference negative electrode curve; A calculation processing unit configured to calculate a relative difference of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios; And A diagnosis unit configured to diagnose the states of the plurality of batteries using the calculation result of the calculation processing unit.

2. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The diagnosis unit is configured to diagnose normal batteries and defective batteries among the plurality of batteries using the calculation result.

3. The battery management device according to claim 2, further comprising: A management control unit configured to control the charge and discharge of the defective battery to be restricted.

4. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The diagnosis unit is configured to generate deterioration rate information of at least one of the plurality of batteries using the calculation result, and Wherein, the battery management device further comprises a management control unit configured to control at least one of the plurality of batteries such that the charge and discharge ranges are differentially restricted according to the deterioration rate information.

5. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The calculation processing unit is configured to perform a weight calculation on the calculation result of the difference between the average value of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios and the individual negative electrode change ratios.

6. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The calculation processing unit is configured to calculate a statistical deviation value of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios, and Wherein, the diagnosis unit is configured to further diagnose the deterioration imbalance of the plurality of batteries using the statistical deviation value.

7. The battery management device according to claim 1, Among them, The characteristic information generation unit is configured to calculate the ratio of the negative electrode curve to the reference negative electrode curve as the negative electrode change ratio.

8. A battery pack including the battery management device according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A vehicle including the battery management device according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A battery management method, comprising: A curve generation step of generating a negative electrode curve of each of the plurality of batteries using a reference curve and the charge and discharge curves of each of the plurality of batteries; A characteristic information generation step of generating, for each of the plurality of batteries, a negative electrode change ratio of the negative electrode curve compared to a reference negative electrode curve included in the reference curve; A calculation processing step of calculating a relative difference of the plurality of negative electrode change ratios; and Diagnostic step, diagnosing the state of the plurality of batteries using the calculation result of the described calculation processing step.

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