Line-spacing-adjustable green manure sowing and ditching device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding and fertilizing equipment, and particularly discloses a row-spacing-adjustable green manure seeding and ditching device, which comprises a fixedly arranged mounting seat, and further comprises a row spacing limiting groove, a row spacing adjusting device, a row spacing adjusting device and a row spacing adjusting device, the seed fertilizer bin is internally provided with accommodating spaces for at least fertilizer and at least two seeds; a plurality of outer sleeves are arranged in the mounting seat in a manner of rotating along the axes of the outer sleeves and moving along the line spacing adjusting direction, and plough shovels are arranged at the bottom ends of the outer sleeves; the spacing control plate can be arranged on the mounting seat in a sliding manner along the moving direction of the ditching device through the linear sliding rail; the variable-pitch sliding block is fixedly arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve; and the spacing adjustment driving mechanism is connected to the spacing control plate. The invention mainly aims to provide a novel ditching device capable of realizing non-stop variable-pitch adjustment under the condition that a plough blade is not separated from soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sowing and fertilizing equipment, in particular to a green manure sowing and furrowing device with adjustable row spacing. Background Art

[0002] In the existing agricultural mechanized seeding process, especially in scenarios involving intercropping or rotation of multiple crops, there are significant differences in the requirements for row spacing of different crops. The row spacing of traditional seeding equipment is usually a fixed structure. When the row spacing needs to be adjusted, it is often necessary to stop the machine and replace the plow shovel assembly, or lift the plow shovel from the soil, complete the adjustment, and then reinsert it into the soil. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also greatly affects the continuity of operations and field operation efficiency. There are obvious disadvantages, especially in high-intensity continuous operations or complex plots. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of furrowing device that can achieve non-stop variable spacing adjustment without leaving the plow shovel from the soil to meet the diversified seeding needs of modern agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a green manure sowing furrowing device with adjustable row spacing, the main purpose of which is to realize a new type of furrowing device that can achieve variable spacing adjustment without stopping the machine without the plow blade leaving the soil.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides a green manure sowing furrowing device with adjustable row spacing, including a fixed mounting seat, and also including: a row spacing limit groove, which is arranged on the mounting seat, and the row spacing limit groove is perpendicular to the moving direction of the furrowing device; a seed and fertilizer bin, in which a storage space for at least fertilizer and at least two kinds of seeds is provided; a plurality of outer sleeves, each of which can rotate along its own axis and move along the row spacing adjustment direction and is arranged in the mounting seat, a plow shovel is arranged at the bottom end of the outer sleeve, and the seeds and fertilizers enter the inner cavity on the rear side of the plow shovel through the outer sleeve; the spacing between the plurality of outer sleeves is always equal; the spacing A control plate is arranged on the mounting seat and can slide along the moving direction of the ditching device through a linear slide rail; a plurality of spacing driving grooves are arranged on the spacing control plate, all of which are inclined to the lateral direction of the ditching device, and the inclination angles are different, and the distances between any points of the plurality of spacing driving grooves are equal; a variable pitch slider is fixedly arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve and can be movably engaged in the spacing driving groove; a speed change transmission mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the upper half of the outer sleeve and can be movably engaged in the row spacing limit groove; a spacing adjustment drive mechanism is connected to the spacing control plate and is used to drive the spacing control plate to move.

[0005] In a feasible implementation, a state switching mechanism is provided on the mounting base. The state switching mechanism includes a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to the first side wall. Among them, the first side wall can be in contact with the power input end of the speed change transmission mechanism. In the contact state, when the outer sleeve and the plow share move in the row spacing direction, the output end of the speed change transmission mechanism also synchronously drives the outer sleeve and the plow share to turn; a positive position limiting mechanism is also provided on the second side wall. When the first side wall disengages from the power input end of the speed change transmission mechanism, the state switching mechanism is used to limit the plow share to restore the positive trenching angle at the position after the row spacing is adjusted.

[0006] In a feasible implementation, the following are further provided below the fertilizer bin: two groups of material distributors, each group of material distributors includes a plurality of distributor units. One group of material distributors is arranged below the first seed bin and the second seed bin, and the other group of material distributors is arranged below the fertilizer bin; two groups of conveying hoses, each group of conveying hoses includes a plurality of hose units. One group of conveying hoses is correspondingly connected to one group of material distributors, and the bottom end of the conveying hose extends into the plow share through the outer sleeve; a material distribution driver, including two drive shafts passing through all the material distributors, for driving all the material distributors to discharge materials periodically.

[0007] In a feasible implementation, the spacing adjustment driving mechanism includes: a driving motor fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the mounting base; a first gear locked to the output end of the driving motor through a coupling; a lead screw shaft rotatably arranged at the top end of the mounting base, and the lead screw shaft is screwed through the middle position of the end of the spacing control plate; a second gear locked to the end of the lead screw shaft through a coupling and meshed with the first gear.

[0008] In a feasible implementation, the state switching mechanism includes: a cylinder fixedly arranged at the middle position of the bottom end of the mounting base; a translation frame movably arranged at the bottom end of the mounting base and corresponding to the position of the row spacing limiting groove. The translation frame is sleeved outside all the speed change transmission mechanisms and the outer sleeve. The first side wall and the second side wall are two opposite side walls inside the translation frame; a contact plate arranged on the first side wall of the translation frame; a vertical slide rail arranged at the second side wall of the translation frame.

[0009] In a feasible implementation, the contact plate is a rack plate, and a power input gear is arranged at the input end of the speed change transmission mechanism, and the power input gear can be meshed with the rack plate.

[0010] In a feasible embodiment, the speed transmission mechanism includes a speed transmission box, and also includes: a limit slider, which is movably mounted on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and can only be moved linearly and is clamped on the lower side of the row spacing limit groove, and the limit slider is fixedly connected to the speed transmission box; a synchronization rod, which is fixedly arranged on the speed transmission box, and the synchronization rod can movably pass through the positive position limiting mechanism, and is used to drive the positive position limiting mechanism to move synchronously with the pitch movement of the outer sleeve.

[0011] In a feasible embodiment, the positive positioning limiting mechanism includes: a fixed sleeve, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and can rotate with the outer sleeve; a positive reset member, which can be movably sleeved on the outer side of the synchronization rod, and the positive reset member can also be movably set on the vertical slide rail to follow the movement of the translation frame and drive the fixed sleeve to the positive position.

[0012] In a feasible implementation manner, the fixing kit includes a collar fixed to the outer wall of the outer sleeve, and a linear protrusion is provided on a side of the collar facing the positive reset member.

[0013] In a feasible embodiment, the positive reset member includes: a guide groove, which is opened in an arc-shaped state in the inner wall of the positive reset member, and the guide groove faces the linear protrusion; a positive positioning groove, which is opened in the middle of the guide groove, and the positive positioning groove is in a linear state and has the same size as the linear protrusion; a synchronization groove, which passes through the middle of the positive reset member; and a slide groove, which is arranged on the top of the positive reset member and is sleeved on the vertical slide rail.

[0014] The present application provides a green manure sowing furrowing device with adjustable row spacing. The present invention has the function of achieving non-stop pitch conversion without the plow blade leaving the soil. Through a coordinated adjustment mechanism composed of a row spacing limit groove, a spacing drive groove, a state switching mechanism and a positive position limiting mechanism, a synchronous distance adjustment and angle self-reset process between multiple groups of outer sleeves and plow blades are realized. During the operation of the device, the distance control plate is moved to drive the variable distance slider to move along the spacing drive groove to achieve continuous adjustment of the furrow opener spacing; under the drive of the state switching mechanism, the speed change transmission mechanism can synchronously drive the plow blade to turn during the distance adjustment process to reduce soil resistance; after the distance adjustment is completed, the plow blade is restored to the positive furrowing posture through the positive position limiting mechanism to ensure the standard furrow shape. The entire process is completed when the plow blade is in the soil, truly realizing a non-stop, non-furrowing, and non-sowing operation mode, greatly improving the operation efficiency and adaptability during intercropping of crops with various row spacing requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a green manure sowing and furrowing device with adjustable row spacing provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 Shows the front view structural schematic diagram of the adjustable row spacing green manure sowing and trenching device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Shows the top view structural schematic diagram of the adjustable row spacing green manure sowing and trenching device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 Shows the side view structural schematic diagram of the adjustable row spacing green manure sowing and trenching device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the variable pitch slider provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the cylinder provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the delivery hose and the outer sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the synchronizing rod provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the position of the translation frame during the variable pitch adjustment of the plowshare provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the position of the translation frame after the variable pitch adjustment of the plowshare provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the forward resetting member provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the positive position groove and the guiding groove provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0016] In the figure: 10, mounting seat, 20, seed and fertilizer bin, 30, spacing adjustment driving mechanism, 40, spacing control plate, 50, state switching mechanism, 60, variable speed transmission mechanism, 70, positive position limiting mechanism, 80, outer sleeve, 90, plowshare, 11, linear slide rail, 12, row spacing limiting groove, 21, fertilizer bin, 22, first seed bin, 23, second seed bin, 24, switching baffle, 25, push rod motor, 26, feeder, 27, delivery hose, 28, variable pitch slider, 29, feeding driver, 31, driving motor, 32, first gear, 33, lead screw shaft, 34, second gear, 41, spacing driving groove, 51, cylinder, 52, translation frame, 53, abutting plate, 54, vertical slide rail, 61, limiting slider, 62, synchronizing rod, 71, fixing kit, 72, forward resetting member, 711. Linear protrusion 721. Guide groove, 722. Alignment groove, 723. Synchronization groove, 724. Slide groove Detailed implementation manner

[0017] To better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments of this specification and the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. Without conflict, the technical features in the embodiments of this specification and the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] In this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element. The term "more than two" includes two or more than two cases.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a green manure sowing and furrowing device with adjustable row spacing, including a fixedly arranged mounting base 10, and further including: a row spacing limiting groove 12, a seed and fertilizer bin 20, a spacing adjustment driving mechanism 30, a variable-spacing slider 28, a spacing control plate 40, a state switching mechanism 50, a variable-speed transmission mechanism 60, and a plurality of outer sleeves 80.

[0020] Specifically, the row spacing limiting groove 12 is arranged on the mounting seat 10, and the row spacing limiting groove 12 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the ditching device; the seed and fertilizer bin 20 is provided with a receiving space for fertilizer and at least two kinds of seeds; a plurality of outer sleeves 80 are all arranged in the mounting seat 10 so as to be able to rotate along their own axes and move along the row spacing adjustment direction. A plowshare 90 is arranged at the bottom end of the outer sleeve 80, and seeds and fertilizer enter the inner cavity at the rear side of the plowshare 90 through the outer sleeve 80; the distance between a plurality of outer sleeves 80 is always equal; the distance control plate 40 is arranged on the mounting seat 10 so as to be able to slide along the moving direction of the ditching device through a linear slide rail; a plurality of distance driving grooves 41 are formed on the distance control plate 40, and all the distance driving grooves 41 are inclined towards the advancing side direction of the ditching device, and the inclination angles are all different, and the distance between any points of the plurality of distance driving grooves 41 is equal; the variable distance slider 28 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve 80 and can be movably clamped in the distance driving groove 41; the variable speed transmission mechanism 60 is fixedly sleeved on the upper half of the outer sleeve 80 and can be movably clamped in the row spacing limiting groove 12; the distance adjustment driving mechanism 30 is connected to the distance control plate 40 and is used for driving the distance control plate 40 to move; the state switching mechanism 50 is arranged on the mounting seat 10, and the state switching mechanism 50 includes a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to the first side wall.

[0021] Wherein, the first side wall can be in contact with the power input end of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60. In the contact state, when the outer sleeve 80 and the plowshare 90 move in the row spacing direction, the output end of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60 also synchronously drives the outer sleeve 80 and the plowshare 90 to turn; a positive position limiting mechanism 70 is also arranged on the second side wall. When the first side wall is separated from the power input end of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60, the state switching mechanism 50 is used for limiting the plowshare 90 to restore the positive ditching angle at the position after the row spacing is adjusted.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, in the present invention, a plurality of outer sleeves 80 that can rotate axially and can slide in the row spacing direction are arranged on the mounting seat 10, and a plowshare 90 is arranged at the bottom of each outer sleeve 80 to form a set of adjustable sowing and ditching units with equal row spacing arrangement. Driven by the distance control plate 40, each variable distance slider 28 slides along the inclined distance driving groove 41, so as to drive the outer sleeve 80 and the plowshare 90 to move synchronously along the row spacing direction, realizing the change of the distance between the ditching devices. In this process, by meshing the first side wall of the state switching mechanism 50 with the input end of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60, the plowshare 90 automatically rotates the angle during the movement, reducing the contact resistance with the soil and avoiding damage to the implements; after the distance adjustment is completed, the first side wall is separated, and the second side wall drives the positive position limiting mechanism 70 to act, prompting the plowshare 90 to automatically return to the correct position. The present invention avoids the interruption caused by replacing the plowshare 90 or pulling it out and reinserting it in the traditional technology, and truly realizes the high-efficiency variable distance function under the continuous operation state.

[0023] In some examples, furthermore, the seed fertilizer bin 20 includes a bin body, and further provided in the bin body are: a fertilizer bin 21, a switching baffle 24, and a push rod motor 25. The fertilizer bin 21 is used for storing fertilizers; the first seed bin 22 and the second seed bin 23 are arranged on the opposite sides of the fertilizer bin 21, and the first seed bin 22 and the second seed bin 23 are used for storing seeds required for sowing with different row spacings; the switching baffle 24 blocks the opening below the first seed bin 22 or the second seed bin 23; the telescopic end of the push rod motor 25 is connected to the switching baffle 24 and is used to drive the switching baffle 24 to switch between the first seed bin 22 and the second seed bin 23.

[0024] As Figure 3 shown, by partitioning the seed fertilizer bin 20 with the first seed bin 22, the second seed bin 23, and the fertilizer bin 21, independent storage and control of different seeds and fertilizers are realized; in combination with the structure of the push rod motor 25 and the switching baffle 24, rapid switching of different seed types for feeding can be achieved, meeting the crop switching requirements after the change of row spacing without affecting the continuous operation state of the plowshare 90 in the soil.

[0025] It can be understood that the push rod motor 25 can be controlled by an operator in the cabin through a signal or by using a wireless signal control method, so that during the process of adjusting the row spacing of the plowshare 90, seeds required for another row spacing can be switched simultaneously.

[0026] In some examples, furthermore, two groups of blanking devices 26, two groups of conveying hoses 27, and a blanking driver 29 are further provided below the fertilizer bin 21. Each group of blanking devices 26 includes a plurality of blanking device monomers. One group of blanking devices 26 is arranged below the first seed bin 22 and the second seed bin 23, and the other group of blanking devices 26 is arranged below the fertilizer bin 21; each group of conveying hoses 27 includes a plurality of hose monomers. One group of conveying hoses 27 is correspondingly connected to one group of blanking devices 26, and the bottom end of the conveying hose 27 extends into the plowshare 90 through an outer sleeve 80; the blanking driver 29 includes two drive shafts passing through all the blanking devices 26 and is used to drive all the blanking devices 26 to discharge materials periodically.

[0027] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the two groups of blanking devices 26 and the conveying hoses 27 are matched to correspond to the seed and fertilizer paths respectively, ensuring that the sowing and fertilizing work can still be carried out synchronously and continuously during the process of adjusting the distance without stopping the machine. All the blanking devices 26 are linked by the blanking driver 29 passing through them to achieve periodic and accurate feeding, which is coordinated with the continuous working rhythm of the plowshare 90. The specific structure of the blanking device 26 is a well-known technology and will not be elaborated in detail in this example.

[0028] In some examples, furthermore, the spacing adjustment driving mechanism 30 includes: a driving motor 31, a first gear 32, a lead screw shaft 33, and a second gear 34. The driving motor 31 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the mounting seat 10; the first gear 32 is locked to the output end of the driving motor 31 through a coupling; the lead screw shaft 33 is rotatably arranged at the top end of the mounting seat 10, and the lead screw shaft 33 is threadedly penetrated through the middle position of the end of the spacing control plate 40; the second gear 34 is locked to the end of the lead screw shaft 33 through a coupling and is meshed with the first gear 32.

[0029] As Figure 6 shown, the spacing adjustment driving mechanism 30 adopts a driving motor 31, a gear transmission, and a lead screw propulsion structure, enabling the spacing control plate 40 to stably translate in the linear slide rail 11, pushing the variable pitch slider 28 to slide along the inclined spacing driving groove 41, thereby realizing a stable distance adjustment process without pulling out the plowshare 90 and maintaining the overall control force on the outer sleeve 80 system.

[0030] In some examples, furthermore, the state switching mechanism 50 includes: a cylinder 51, a translation frame 52, a contact plate 53, and a vertical slide rail 54. The cylinder 51 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the bottom end of the mounting seat 10; the translation frame 52 is movably arranged at the bottom end of the mounting seat 10 and corresponds to the position of the row spacing limiting groove 12. The translation frame 52 is sleeved outside all the variable speed transmission mechanisms 60 and the outer sleeve 80. The first side wall and the second side wall are two opposite side walls inside the translation frame 52; the contact plate 53 is arranged on the first side wall of the translation frame 52; the vertical slide rail 54 is arranged at the second side wall of the translation frame 52.

[0031] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the state switching mechanism 50 realizes the switching control of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60 through the cylinder 51 arranged below the mounting seat 10 and the translation frame 52 with the first side wall and the second side wall. The first side wall controls the gear meshing to ensure the turning of the plowshare 90 during distance adjustment; the second side wall drives the alignment limiting mechanism 70 to contact and apply a restoring force to the outer sleeve 80, enabling the plowshare 90 to quickly return to the correct position. The whole mechanism cooperates smoothly and can dynamically complete the transmission switching and attitude adjustment under the ground surface.

[0032] In some examples, furthermore, the contact plate 53 is a rack plate, and a power input gear is arranged at the input end of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60, and the power input gear can be meshed with the rack plate.

[0033] It can be understood that the contact plate 53 adopts a rack plate structure and meshes with the gear at the input end of the variable speed transmission mechanism 60, realizing stable power transmission during translation, ensuring the continuous controlled rotation of the attitude of the plowshare 90 during the variable pitch process, and having a better control effect during the turning process without slipping.

[0034] In some examples, furthermore, the variable speed transmission mechanism 60 includes a variable speed transmission case, and further includes: a limit slider 61 and a synchronization rod 62. The limit slider 61 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 80 and is clamped only linearly movable under the lower side of the row spacing limit groove 12. The limit slider 61 is fixedly connected to the variable speed transmission case; the synchronization rod 62 is fixedly arranged on the variable speed transmission case, and the synchronization rod 62 can movably penetrate through the positive position limiting mechanism 70 for driving the positive position limiting mechanism 70 to synchronously move following the pitch change of the outer sleeve 80.

[0035] As Figure 9 shown, the purpose of setting the variable speed transmission mechanism 60 is to increase the torque for driving the rotation of the outer sleeve 80, provide enhanced torque for the rotation of the plow share through the variable speed transmission case, and avoid the rotation failure caused by the soil resistance. The variable speed transmission mechanism 60 is structurally linked with the limit slider 61 and the synchronization rod 62. While the outer sleeve 80 slides with the change of the spacing, its trajectory is restricted by the limit slider 61, and the positive position limiting mechanism 70 is driven by the synchronization rod 62 to move following the outer sleeve 80, ensuring that the attitude recovery process and the distance adjustment process are carried out synchronously without manual intervention.

[0036] In some examples, furthermore, the positive position limiting mechanism 70 includes: a fixed kit 71 and a positive resetting member 72. The fixed kit 71 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 80 and can rotate following the outer sleeve 80; the positive resetting member 72 can be movably sleeved on the outside of the synchronization rod 62, and the positive resetting member 72 can also be movably arranged on the vertical slide rail 54 for moving following the translation frame 52 and driving the fixed kit 71 to be in the positive position.

[0037] As Figure 10 shown, the positive position limiting mechanism 70 is composed of the fixed kit 71 arranged on the outer sleeve 80 and the positive resetting member 72 linked therewith. The positive resetting member 72 moves towards the fixed kit 71 under the guiding action of the synchronization rod 62. When the distance adjustment of the plow share 90 is completed, the position restoration is completed through the snap-in fit between the positive resetting member 72 and the fixed kit 71, improving the sowing uniformity and the intelligent level of the device.

[0038] In some examples, further, the fixing kit 71 includes a collar fixed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 80, and a linear protrusion 711 is provided on one side of the collar facing the forward reset member 72. The forward reset member 72 includes: a guiding groove 721, a positioning groove 722, a synchronization groove 723, and a sliding groove 724. The guiding groove 721 is formed in an arc shape on the inner wall of the forward reset member 72, and the guiding groove 721 faces the linear protrusion 711; the positioning groove 722 is formed in the middle of the guiding groove 721, the positioning groove 722 is in a linear state and has the same size as the linear protrusion 711; the synchronization groove 723 runs through the middle of the forward reset member 72; the sliding groove 724 is provided at the top of the forward reset member 72 and is sleeved on the vertical sliding rail 54.

[0039] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the guiding groove 721 and the positioning groove 722 of the forward reset member 72 are engaged with the linear protrusion 711 on the fixing kit 71, and the attitude reset from non-forward to forward is completed through path limitation, ensuring that the ditching direction automatically aligns with the forward direction after each distance adjustment, improving the seeding consistency and the standardization of the ditch shape.

[0040] The overall working principle of this device is as follows: During the operation of this device, the mounting seat 10 serves as the overall basic structure to support the stable installation of each component. At the same time, a traction frame connected to the vehicle can be provided on it to drive this device to move. When the seeds need to be adjusted, after the driving motor 31 is controlled to start by the operator, it drives the first gear 32 at the output end to rotate, and the second gear 34 meshed with it rotates synchronously, thereby driving the lead screw shaft 33 to rotate. The lead screw shaft 33 is screwed in the middle position at the end of the spacing control plate 40. Therefore, as the lead screw shaft 33 rotates, the spacing control plate 40 moves smoothly in a straight line along the linear sliding rail 11. The movement of the spacing control plate 40 will drive a plurality of variable-spacing sliders 28 to slide along a plurality of inclined spacing driving grooves 41 on it. Since the variable-spacing sliders 28 are fixedly connected to the tops of the respective outer sleeves 80, all the outer sleeves 80 synchronously slide outward or inward in the row spacing direction to change their spacing.

[0041] During the sliding process of the outer sleeve 80, the air cylinder 51 in the state switching mechanism 50 pushes the translation frame 52 forward, so that the rack abutting plate 53 on the first side wall of the frame is engaged with the input gear of the variable-speed transmission mechanism 60. The variable-speed transmission mechanism 60 includes internal gears and transmission components arranged in the variable-speed transmission box. After meshing, the axial sliding caused by the row spacing movement of the outer sleeve 80 is transmitted to the gear input, and the output end drives the outer sleeve 80 to slightly rotate around its own axis, and the bottom of the plowshare 90 deflects accordingly, reducing the soil cutting resistance during the variable-spacing process.

[0042] Meanwhile, since the variable-speed transmission mechanism 60 is integrally connected with the limit slider 61, the entire transmission system is restricted within the row-spacing limit groove 12 and can only slide linearly without deviating from the track. The synchronization rod 62 on the variable-speed transmission case penetrates through the alignment limiting mechanism 70 and slides synchronously with the outer sleeve 80 during the entire distance adjustment process.

[0043] When the row-spacing adjustment is completed, the driving motor 31 stops running and the control board stops sliding. At this time, the air cylinder 51 is activated, and the translation frame 52 is pulled back, causing the first side wall to disengage from the rack plate; the second side wall enters the area of the alignment limiting mechanism 70 and pushes the forward reset member 72 towards the fixed kit 71. The guiding groove 721 in the forward reset member 72 guides the linear protrusion 711 fixed on the outer sleeve 80 to rotate and align during the movement, and finally embeds into the alignment slot 722, thereby driving the entire outer sleeve 80 system back to the forward position, and the plowshare 90 resumes the normal ditching angle.

[0044] Meanwhile, the material discharger 26 and the material discharge driver 29 in the seed and fertilizer bin 20 continue to operate, and respectively introduce the switched seeds and fertilizers into the interior of the outer sleeve 80 through the conveying hose 27 and enter the rear chamber of the plowshare 90. The sowing and fertilizing operations are synchronously completed during the ditching process of the plowshare 90, ensuring that the equipment maintains the sowing operation state throughout the whole process before, during, and after the distance adjustment without the need to stop the machine.

[0045] In summary, the present invention realizes continuous variable-distance adjustment and ditching attitude control without pulling out the plowshare 90 from the soil, is applicable to sowing scenarios with high efficiency, multiple crops, and multiple row-spacing mixed cropping requirements, and significantly improves the operation efficiency and equipment adaptability.

[0046] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An adjustable row spacing green manure sowing and trenching device, comprising a fixedly arranged mounting seat (10), characterized in that, It further includes: A row spacing limiting groove (12) is provided on the mounting seat (10), and the row spacing limiting groove (12) is perpendicular to the moving direction of the ditching device; A seed and fertilizer bin (20) is provided with accommodation spaces for fertilizer and at least two kinds of seeds; A plurality of outer sleeves (80) are all arranged in the mounting seat (10) so as to be able to rotate along their own axes and move along the row spacing adjustment direction. A plowshare (90) is provided at the bottom end of the outer sleeve (80), and the seeds and fertilizer enter the inner cavity at the rear side of the plowshare (90) through the outer sleeve (80); the distances between the plurality of outer sleeves (80) are always equal; A spacing control plate (40) is arranged on the mounting seat (10) so as to be able to slide along the moving direction of the ditching device through a linear slide rail; a plurality of spacing driving grooves (41) are formed on the spacing control plate (40), and all the spacing driving grooves (41) are inclined towards the advancing side direction of the ditching device, and the inclination angles are all different, and the distances between any points of the plurality of spacing driving grooves (41) are equal; A variable-spacing slider (28) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve (80) and can be movably clamped in the spacing driving groove (41); A variable-speed transmission mechanism (60) is fixedly sleeved on the upper half of the outer sleeve (80) and can be movably clamped in the row spacing limiting groove (12); A spacing adjustment driving mechanism (30) is connected to the spacing control plate (40) for driving the spacing control plate (40) to move.

2. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and trenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes: A state switching mechanism (50) is arranged on the mounting seat (10). The state switching mechanism (50) includes a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to the first side wall. Among them, the first side wall can be in contact with the power input end of the variable-speed transmission mechanism (60). In the contact state, when the outer sleeve (80) and the plowshare (90) move in the row spacing direction, the output end of the variable-speed transmission mechanism (60) also synchronously drives the outer sleeve (80) and the plowshare (90) to turn; A positive position limiting mechanism (70) is further arranged on the second side wall. When the first side wall is separated from the power input end of the variable-speed transmission mechanism (60), the state switching mechanism (50) is used to limit the plowshare (90) to restore the positive ditching angle at the position after row spacing adjustment.

3. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and trenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Below the fertilizer bin (20), there is also provided: Two groups of blanking devices (26). Each group of blanking devices (26) includes a plurality of blanking device monomers. One group of blanking devices (26) is arranged below the first seed bin (22) and the second seed bin (23), and the other group of blanking devices (26) is arranged below the fertilizer bin (21); Two groups of conveying hoses (27). Each group of conveying hoses (27) includes a plurality of hose monomers. One group of conveying hoses (27) is correspondingly connected to one group of blanking devices (26), and the bottom end of the conveying hose (27) extends into the plowshare (90) through the outer sleeve (80); The blanking driver (29) includes two drive shafts that penetrate all of the blanking devices (26), and is used to drive all of the blanking devices (26) to blank periodically.

4. The adjustable row-spacing green manure seeding and ditching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment drive mechanism (30) includes: A drive motor (31), fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the mounting base (10); A first gear (32), locked to the output end of the drive motor (31) through a coupling; A lead screw shaft (33), rotatably arranged at the top end of the mounting base (10), and the lead screw shaft (33) is screwed through the middle position of the end of the spacing control plate (40); A second gear (34), locked to the end of the lead screw shaft (33) through a coupling, and meshed with the first gear (32).

5. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and ditching device according to claim 2, wherein: The state switching mechanism (50) includes: A cylinder (51), fixedly arranged at the middle position of the bottom end of the mounting base (10); A translation frame (52), movably arranged at the bottom end of the mounting base (10), and corresponding to the position of the row spacing limit groove (12). The translation frame (52) is sleeved outside all of the variable speed transmission mechanisms (60) and the outer sleeve (80). The first side wall and the second side wall are two opposite side walls inside the translation frame (52); A contact plate (53), arranged on the first side wall of the translation frame (52); A vertical slide rail (54), arranged at the second side wall of the translation frame (52).

6. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and ditching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contact plate (53) is a rack plate, and a power input gear is arranged at the input end of the variable speed transmission mechanism (60), and the power input gear can be meshed with the rack plate.

7. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and trenching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The variable speed transmission mechanism (60) includes a variable speed transmission box, and further includes: A limit slider (61), movably sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (80), and only linearly movable and clamped under the row spacing limit groove (12). The limit slider (61) is fixedly connected to the variable speed transmission box; A synchronous rod (62), fixedly arranged on the variable speed transmission box. The synchronous rod (62) can movably penetrate through the positive position limiting mechanism (70) and is used to drive the positive position limiting mechanism (70) to move synchronously following the variable distance movement of the outer sleeve (80).

8. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and ditching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positive position limiting mechanism (70) includes: A fixed kit (71), fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (80) and capable of rotating following the outer sleeve (80); A positive reset member (72), movably sleeved outside the synchronous rod (62), and the positive reset member (72) can also be movably arranged on the vertical slide rail (54) and is used to move following the translation frame (52) and drive the fixed kit (71) to be in the positive position.

9. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and ditching device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed kit (71) includes a collar fixed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (80), and a linear protrusion (711) is arranged on one side of the collar facing the positive reset member (72).

10. The adjustable row-spacing green manure sowing and furrowing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The forward reset member (72) includes: A guiding groove (721) is formed in an arc shape on the inner wall of the forward reset member (72), and the guiding groove (721) faces the linear protrusion (711); A positioning groove (722) is formed in the middle of the guiding groove (721). The positioning groove (722) is in a linear state and has the same size as the linear protrusion (711); A synchronous groove (723) is formed through the middle of the forward reset member (72); A sliding groove (724) is arranged at the top of the forward reset member (72) and sleeved on the vertical sliding rail (54).

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