Seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle provided with same

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sowing equipment, and provides seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing equipment and an unmanned aerial vehicle provided with the seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing equipment, and the seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing equipment comprises a material box which comprises a sowing box and a fertilizer box which are isolated from each other, and each of the sowing box and the fertilizer box is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port; the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission shaft rod, two discharging rotating shafts connected to the transmission shaft rod and a driving motor used for driving the transmission shaft rod to rotate, the driving motor is connected to the outer portion of the material box, the transmission shaft rod penetrates through the seeding box and the fertilizer box, and the two discharging rotating shafts are located in the seeding box and the fertilizer box respectively; the two discharging rotating shafts synchronously rotate and respectively push materials in the seeding box and the fertilizer box to fall off from the corresponding discharging holes during rotation. The discharging amount of the seeding box and the fertilizer box can be synchronously controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the driving motor, simultaneous seeding of seeds and fertilizers is achieved, and the seeding effect and the seeding efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seeding equipment, and more specifically, to a seed-fertilizer simultaneous seeding device and a drone equipped with the seed-fertilizer simultaneous seeding device. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale transfer of rural labor force and the continuous increase of labor costs, in recent years, direct seeding of rice seeds has developed rapidly due to its characteristics of simplicity and labor saving, such as no need for seedling raising and transplanting, and directly sowing seeds into the field. At present, a variety of direct seeding methods have been developed, such as manual broadcasting, backpack mechanical spraying, walking mechanical seeding, and drone seeding. Among them, drone seeding has become the preferred seeding method for large and medium-sized farmers, cooperatives, and farms in the past two years due to its outstanding and efficient seeding efficiency, and the area has increased rapidly.

[0003] However, the seeding effect of existing drone seeding equipment is poor. Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a seed-fertilizer simultaneous seeding device and a drone equipped with the seed-fertilizer simultaneous seeding device to solve the technical problem of poor seeding effect in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect of the present application, a seed-fertilizer simultaneous seeding device is provided, including:

[0006] A material box, including a seeding box and a fertilizer box that are isolated from each other, and both the seeding box and the fertilizer box are provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet;

[0007] A transmission mechanism, including a transmission shaft rod, two blanking rotating shafts connected to the transmission shaft rod, and a driving motor for driving the transmission shaft rod to rotate. The driving motor is connected to the outside of the material box. The transmission shaft rod penetrates through the seeding box and the fertilizer box. The two blanking rotating shafts are respectively located in the seeding box and the fertilizer box, and the two blanking rotating shafts rotate synchronously and push the materials in the seeding box and the fertilizer box to fall from the corresponding discharge outlets when rotating.

[0008] Further, the blanking rotating shaft is detachably connected to the transmission shaft rod, and the blanking rotating shaft is provided with blanking blades for pushing the material to move. The blanking rotating shaft includes a plurality of replaceable ones, and the widths of the blanking blades on different blanking rotating shafts are different.

[0009] Further, the transmission mechanism further includes a first bearing, an intermediate bearing, and a second bearing that are sequentially axially connected to the transmission shaft rod. Opposite sides of the seeding box are respectively provided with a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole, and opposite sides of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a third shaft hole and a fourth shaft hole. The second shaft hole is coaxially docked with the third shaft hole. The first bearing is sealed in the first shaft hole, the intermediate bearing is sealingly connected between the second shaft hole and the third shaft hole, and the second bearing is sealingly connected in the fourth shaft hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, discharge ports of the seeding box and the fertilizer box are both connected with blanking pipes. The blanking pipe includes a docking portion and a bending portion. The docking portion is coaxially docked with the discharge port and is rotatable relative to the discharge port. The axial direction of the bending portion does not coincide with the axial direction of the docking portion.

[0011] Further, it further includes a first gear, a second gear, and a stirring shaft. The first gear is detachably axially connected to the transmission shaft rod and is located on the outer side wall of the fertilizer box. The second gear meshes with the first gear and is located above the first gear. The stirring shaft is detachably axially connected to the second gear and at least partially penetrates into the fertilizer box. The stirring shaft is located above the blanking rotating shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, both the first gear and the second gear include a plurality of replaceable ones, and the tooth ratios of different first gears and second gears are different.

[0013] Further, the stirring shaft is cylindrical, and a part of the portion of the stirring shaft penetrating into the fertilizer box is locally provided as a plane.

[0014] In some embodiments, both the seeding box and the fertilizer box include a silo and a material chamber. The inner diameter of the lower part of the silo gradually decreases and is detachably connected to the material chamber. The blanking rotating shaft and the stirring shaft are located in the material chamber.

[0015] In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a drone equipped with a seed and fertilizer synchronous sowing device, including a drone body and the seed and fertilizer synchronous sowing device as described in the above embodiments. The material box of the seed and fertilizer synchronous sowing device is connected to the drone body.

[0016] In some embodiments, an installation bracket is provided on the drone body. The material box is fixedly connected to the installation bracket through a connecting member. The connecting member includes any one or a combination of a hoop, a bolt, a retaining pin, a buckle, or a hook ring.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device provided by the present application and the unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device are at least as follows: By adjusting the rotation speed of the driving motor, the feeding amounts of the sowing box and the fertilizer box can be synchronously controlled, realizing the simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizers, and improving the sowing effect and efficiency. Moreover, the single-axis drive replaces the double-axis system, reducing the number of transmission components and motors, lowering the weight and manufacturing cost of the equipment. The seed and fertilizer feeding is rigidly driven by the same shaft, eliminating the rotational speed difference and ensuring synchronism. The lightweight design also better meets the payload requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle, enhancing the endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram when the transmission mechanism is cooperatively connected with the material box provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram when the transmission rod shaft is cooperatively connected with the material box provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Among them, the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0024] 1. Sowing box; 11. First shaft hole; 12. Second shaft hole;

[0025] 2. Fertilizer box; 21. Third shaft hole; 22. Fourth shaft hole;

[0026] 3. Feed inlet;

[0027] 4. Discharge outlet;

[0028] 5. Transmission shaft rod; 51. Feeding rotating shaft; 52. Driving motor; 53. Feeding blade; 54. First bearing; 55. Intermediate bearing; 56. Second bearing;

[0029] 6. Feeding pipe; 61. Docking part; 62. Bending part;

[0030] 7. First gear; 71. Second gear; 72. Stirring shaft;

[0031] 8. Silo;

[0032] 9. Material chamber;

[0033] 10. UAV body; 101. Mounting bracket; 102. Connecting piece; 103. Support leg. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0035] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly located on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component. The orientations or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and cannot be construed as a limitation to the technical solution of the present application. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of convenient description and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0036] It should be noted that for existing UAV seeding equipment, the seeding box and the fertilizer box are respectively equipped with independent transmission shaft rods and drive mechanisms. For example, each of the seeding box and the fertilizer box drives the corresponding blanking rotating shaft through a motor. The defect of this design is that: split transmission is prone to cause asynchronous seeding and fertilizing due to mechanical errors or motor speed differences, affecting seeding uniformity. For example, if chemical fertilizers are applied first, watered two or three days later and then dried before seeding, a serious loss of fertilizers will occur during this period, and over-fertilization is common, causing environmental pollution; if seeding is carried out first and then fertilizing, since the current UAV fertilizing method is a broadcast method, it is difficult to control the fertilizer dropping point, and it is easy to burn seedlings. The fertilizer and the seedlings cannot achieve a precise distance, and a large amount of nutrient waste will also occur.

[0037] At the same time, the dual-axis design requires additional configuration of transmission components (such as couplings, gear sets) or dual motors, resulting in an increase in the volume and weight of the equipment, which is not conducive to the load capacity and flight stability of the UAV. Multiple sets of transmission shafts and drive units increase the manufacturing cost and energy consumption. Moreover, seeding and fertilizing are carried out in two separate operations, which also increases the planting and operation costs of farmers.

[0038] To this end, in the first aspect of the present application, a seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device is provided, which is driven by a single shaft and can synchronously sow seeds and apply fertilizers during a single operation, improving the sowing effect. The seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 , which shows a three-dimensional view of the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device of the present application, including a material box and a transmission mechanism.

[0040] Specifically, referring to Figures 1-3 , the material box includes a mutually isolated sowing box 1 and a fertilizer box 2. Both the sowing box 1 and the fertilizer box 2 are provided with a feed inlet 3 and a discharge outlet 4; the transmission mechanism includes a drive shaft rod 5, two blanking rotating shafts 51 connected to the drive shaft rod 5, and a drive motor 52 for driving the drive shaft rod 5 to rotate. The drive motor 52 is connected to the outside of the material box. The drive shaft rod 5 passes through the sowing box 1 and the fertilizer box 2. The two blanking rotating shafts 51 are respectively located in the sowing box 1 and the fertilizer box 2. The two blanking rotating shafts 51 rotate synchronously and respectively push the materials in the sowing box 1 and the fertilizer box 2 to fall from the corresponding discharge outlet 4 when rotating.

[0041] Further, the drive motor 52 is installed on the outside of the sowing box 1. The drive shaft rod 5 horizontally passes through the sowing box 1 and the fertilizer box 2 and is connected to the output shaft of the drive rod motor through a coupling. The sowing blanking rotating shaft 51 and the fertilizer blanking rotating shaft 51 are respectively welded to the corresponding box body internal section of the shaft rod. After the drive motor 52 is started, the drive shaft rod 5 drives the two blanking rotating shafts 51 to rotate synchronously. Seeds and fertilizers uniformly fall from the discharge outlet 4 at the bottom of the sowing box 1 and the fertilizer box 2 respectively under the push of the blanking rotating shafts 51, realizing simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizers.

[0042] By adjusting the rotation speed of the drive motor 52, the blanking amount can be synchronously controlled, improving the sowing effect. Moreover, the single-shaft drive replaces the double-shaft system, reducing the number of transmission components and motors, lowering the equipment weight and manufacturing cost. The seed-fertilizer blanking is rigidly transmitted by the same shaft rod, eliminating the rotational speed difference, ensuring synchronism, and the lightweight design also better meets the load requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle, improving the endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0043] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 2-3 , the blanking rotating shaft 51 is detachably connected to the drive shaft rod 5. The blanking rotating shaft 51 is provided with blanking blades 53 for pushing the material to move. The blanking rotating shaft 51 includes a plurality of replaceable ones, and the widths of the blanking blades 53 on different blanking rotating shafts 51 are different.

[0044] In some embodiments, keyways are axially spaced on the surface of the drive shaft rod 5, and key bars are correspondingly arranged on the blanking rotating shaft 51. The radial positioning of the blanking rotating shaft 51 on the drive shaft rod 5 is realized through the cooperation of the keyway and the key bar. Further, both ends of the blanking rotating shaft 51 are locked with the drive shaft rod 5 through flanges and bolts to ensure axial positioning. In this way, the detachable connection between the blanking rotating shaft 51 and the drive shaft rod 5 is realized.

[0045] Further, blanking blades 53 are evenly welded on the outer circumference of the blanking rotating shaft 51. The blade widths of different blanking rotating shafts 51 are designed according to the material characteristics. Exemplarily, when the width of the blanking blade 53 of the blanking rotating shaft 51 is relatively narrow (such as L1 = 10 mm), it is suitable for small particle seeds; when the width of the blanking blade 53 of the blanking rotating shaft 51 is relatively wide (such as L2 = 20 mm), it is suitable for large particle or powdered fertilizers.

[0046] When it is necessary to switch the type of sown crop, the operator can remove the bolts and loosen the flange, slide the original blanking rotating shaft 51 out of the drive shaft rod 5, replace it with another blanking rotating shaft 51 with the width of the blanking blade 53 matching the size of the new seeds, and then re-lock it to adjust the amount of seeds discharged per unit time. Similarly, the fertilizer blanking rotating shaft 51 can be replaced with a model with different blade widths according to the fertilizer particle size.

[0047] By replacing the blanking rotating shaft 51 with different blade widths, the particle size and fluidity requirements of seeds and fertilizers can be accurately matched, avoiding problems such as blockage of narrow blades (for large particles) or leakage of wide blades (for small particles), realizing different blanking ratios of fertilizers and seeds, and freely adjusting the ratio according to the actual soil fertility situation, significantly improving the sowing accuracy.

[0048] Further, users can select a specific blanking rotating shaft 51 according to different agronomic requirements, without having to purchase a complete set of equipment for each crop separately, reducing the use cost; at the same time, the modular design supports quick disassembly and assembly, and the rotating shaft can be replaced without special tools during field operations, reducing the downtime and improving the operation efficiency.

[0049] Furthermore, the blanking blade 53 is detachably connected to the blanking rotating shaft 51. Specifically, the blanking rotating shaft 51 and the blanking blade 53 adopt a modular design, and the blanking blade 53 is detachably installed by means of a chute and a slide rail: a plurality of longitudinally arranged dovetail groove slide rails are machined on the surface of the blanking rotating shaft 51, and dovetail sliders matching the dovetail groove slide rails are arranged at the bottom of the blanking blade 53. The blanking blade 53 includes multiple groups, and each group includes multiple blanking blades 53 with the same specifications, and the widths of the blanking blades 53 in each group are different. When it is necessary to adjust the setting of the blanking blade 53, the original blanking rotating shaft 51 is slid out from the transmission shaft rod 5, and then the currently installed blanking blade 53 is removed from the blanking rotating shaft 51, replaced with another group of blanking blades 53 with different width specifications, and the blanking rotating shaft 51 is reinstalled on the transmission shaft rod 5. After locking, the seed discharge amount per unit time can be adjusted.

[0050] Of course, the blanking blade 53 can also be detachably connected to the blanking rotating shaft 51 by means of bolt connection. Specifically, a plurality of threaded holes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the blanking rotating shaft 51, through holes corresponding to the threaded holes are provided at the root of the blanking blade 53, the blanking blade 53 includes multiple groups, and each group includes multiple blanking blades 53 with the same specifications, and the widths of the blanking blades 53 in each group are different. When it is necessary to adjust the setting of the blanking blade 53, the original blanking rotating shaft 51 is slid out from the transmission shaft rod 5, and then the bolts on the currently installed blanking blade 53 are unscrewed, the blanking blade 53 is removed from the blanking rotating shaft 51, replaced with another group of blanking blades 53 with different width specifications, the bolts are tightened again, the blanking rotating shaft 51 is reinstalled on the transmission shaft rod 5, and after locking, the seed discharge amount per unit time can be adjusted.

[0051] Furthermore, referring to Figures 2-3 , the transmission mechanism further includes a first bearing 54, an intermediate bearing 55, and a second bearing 56 that are sequentially axially connected to the transmission shaft rod 5. Opposite sides of the seeding box 1 are respectively provided with a first shaft hole 11 and a second shaft hole 12, and opposite sides of the fertilizer box 2 are respectively provided with a third shaft hole 21 and a fourth shaft hole 22. The second shaft hole 12 is coaxially docked with the third shaft hole 21. The first bearing 54 is sealed in the first shaft hole 11, the intermediate bearing 55 is sealingly connected between the second shaft hole 12 and the third shaft hole 21, and the second bearing 56 is sealingly connected in the fourth shaft hole 22.

[0052] Combined with Figures 1-3 shown, the transmission shaft rod 5 realizes stable support and sealing through a three-stage bearing system.

[0053] Specifically, the first bearing 54 is installed in the seeding box 1. A first shaft hole 11 is opened on the left side wall of the seeding box 1, and a second shaft hole 12 is opened on the right side wall. The first bearing 54 is press-fitted into the first shaft hole 11 by interference fit. Its inner ring is fixed to the left end of the transmission shaft rod 5, and a first sealing ring is embedded between the outer ring and the shaft hole to prevent seeds from leaking from the left side.

[0054] The intermediate bearing 55 spans across two boxes: The second shaft hole 12 of the seeding box 1 is coaxially butted with the third shaft hole 21 on the left side wall of the fertilizer box 2. The outer ring of the intermediate bearing 55 is fixed at the butting position of the two shaft holes through a flange. The inner ring has an interference fit with the middle part of the transmission shaft rod 5. An annular gasket is arranged between the flange and the box body to isolate the risk of material mixing between the seed box and the fertilizer box 2.

[0055] The second bearing 56 is installed in the fertilizer box 2: A fourth shaft hole 22 is opened on the right side wall of the fertilizer box 2. The second bearing 56 is pressed into the fourth shaft hole 22. The inner ring is fixed to the right end of the transmission shaft rod 5, and a second sealing ring is arranged between the outer ring and the shaft hole to prevent fertilizer from leaking from the right side.

[0056] During installation, first, the transmission shaft rod 5 is inserted from left to right successively through the first shaft hole 11 of the seeding box 1, spans across to the third shaft hole 21 of the fertilizer box 2 through the intermediate bearing 55, and finally extends to the fourth shaft hole 22. Then, the first bearing 54, the intermediate bearing 55, and the second bearing 56 are successively press-fitted and fixed, and axial positioning and sealing are achieved through the sealing ring and the flange. At the same time, the driving motor 52 is connected to the right end of the transmission shaft rod 5 through a coupling.

[0057] The three-section bearing system forms multi-point support, effectively suppressing the radial runout of the transmission shaft rod 5 during high-speed rotation, avoiding the collision between the blanking rotating shaft 51 and the inner wall of the box body, ensuring the operation stability, and especially adapting to the vibration environment during the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The first sealing ring and the second sealing ring respectively block the lateral leakage of seeds and fertilizers. The annular gasket of the intermediate bearing 55 completely isolates the mutual penetration of materials between the seeding box 1 and the fertilizer box 2, ensuring the separation purity of seeds and fertilizers.

[0058] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 1-3 , a blanking pipe 6 is connected to the discharge ports 4 of both the seeding box 1 and the fertilizer box 2. The blanking pipe 6 includes a butting portion 61 and a bending portion 62. The butting portion 61 is coaxially butted with the discharge port 4 and is rotatable relative to the discharge port 4. The axial direction of the bending portion 62 does not coincide with the axial direction of the butting portion 61.

[0059] Furthermore, the butting portion 61 is a vertical circular pipe, and the top is coaxially butted with the discharge port 4 through a flange. An annular sealing ring is arranged between the flange and the discharge port 4 to prevent material leakage. The flange is fixed by bolts. After loosening the bolts, the blanking pipe 6 can rotate around the axis of the discharge port 4. The bending portion 62 is integrally formed with the butting portion 61, and its axis forms an angle α (such as α = 30° - 60°) with the axis of the butting portion 61. The end of the bending portion 62 is the bottom pipe orifice.

[0060] In the initial state, the bent portions 62 of the two discharging pipes 6 incline towards the same side, and the distance between the bottom pipe orifices is D1; when the row spacing needs to be adjusted, loosen the bolts, and rotate the discharging pipe 6 of the seeding box 1 clockwise by an angle β (such as β = 180°), and the discharging pipe 6 of the fertilizer box 2 remains in the original direction. At this time, the two bent portions 62 incline towards opposite directions, and the distance between the bottom pipe orifices expands to D2. It can be understood that D2 ≠ D1 at this time.

[0061] Among them, when the two discharging pipes 6 are adjusted to the narrow row spacing mode, for example, D1 = 20 cm, and at this time, it is suitable for sowing close planting crops such as wheat and rapeseed. When the two discharging pipes 6 are adjusted to the wide row spacing mode, for example, D2 = 60 cm, and at this time, it is suitable for sowing wide row crops such as corn and sugarcane.

[0062] By rotating the discharging pipe 6, the distance between the seed and fertilizer dropping points can be quickly changed, realizing stepless adjustment of the row spacing. There is no need to replace parts or disassemble the equipment, which greatly improves the adaptability of field operations; at the same time, only one person can complete the row spacing switching by operating manually (tightening and loosening the bolts + rotating the discharging pipe 6), saving adjustment time, and is especially suitable for continuous operation in multiple fields.

[0063] Furthermore, the bent portion 62 is set to be curve-shaped. Specifically, the bent portion 62 is a continuous and smooth arc-shaped pipe, and its curvature radius R is designed according to the material characteristics (for example, for the bent portion 62 for seeds, R = 150 mm, and for the bent portion 62 for fertilizers, R = 200 mm). The inner wall of the bent portion 62 is polished to reduce the frictional resistance.

[0064] The curve-shaped bent portion 62 can eliminate the turbulent flow area of the right-angle bend, enable the seeds and fertilizers to slide smoothly along the tangent direction, and reduce the damage caused by collisions; at the same time, it can significantly reduce the probability of powdery fertilizers adhering to the pipe wall and avoid blockages.

[0065] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1-3 , the seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing device further includes a first gear 7, a second gear 71 and a stirring shaft 72. The first gear 7 is detachably axially connected to the transmission shaft rod 5 and is located on the outer side wall of the fertilizer box 2. The second gear 71 meshes with the first gear 7 and is located above the first gear 7. The stirring shaft 72 is detachably axially connected to the second gear 71 and at least partially penetrates into the fertilizer box 2. The stirring shaft 72 is located above the discharging rotating shaft 51.

[0066] Furthermore, the first gear 7 is detachably fixed to the outer side section of the fertilizer box 2 of the transmission shaft rod 5 through a flat key, and the first gear 7 rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft rod 5; the second gear 71 is vertically meshed with the first gear 7 and is fixed to the upper part of the outer side wall of the fertilizer box 2 through a bearing seat. One end of the stirring shaft 72 is connected to the output shaft of the second gear 71 through a coupling, and the other end penetrates into the interior of the fertilizer box 2.

[0067] Further, a positioning pin is provided at the flat key connection between the first gear 7 and the transmission shaft rod 5. When disassembling, the positioning pin can be pulled out to slide and remove the first gear 7; the stirring shaft 72 is fixed to the second gear 71 through flange bolts, and can be entirely withdrawn for maintenance after loosening the bolts.

[0068] During use, the transmission shaft rod 5 rotates, the first gear 7 drives the second gear 71 to rotate, the stirring shaft 72 rotates and turns over the fertilizer. Under the stirring action, the fertilizer continues to loosen and evenly falls to the area of the blanking rotating shaft 51, and is pushed to the discharge port 4 by the blanking blade 53.

[0069] The rotation power of the transmission shaft rod 5 is directly used to drive the stirring system, eliminating the need for an additional motor, reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the equipment. When the stirring shaft 72 rotates, it can break the fertilizer lumps in real time, preventing powdery or hygroscopic fertilizers from caking on the inner plate of the box and ensuring the continuity of blanking.

[0070] The stirring shaft 72 is located directly above the blanking rotating shaft 51, forming a two-stage treatment of "pre-loosening the material + precise quantitative discharging", achieving a synergistic effect and significantly improving the stability of the fertilizer discharge amount.

[0071] In some embodiments, both the first gear 7 and the second gear 71 include multiple replaceable ones, and the tooth ratios of different first gears 7 and second gears 71 are different. Among them, the gear set is fixed to the transmission shaft rod 5 and the bearing seat through positioning pins and flange bolts, and only the bolts need to be loosened and the positioning pins pulled out for replacement during disassembly.

[0072] Exemplarily, multiple first gears 7 are provided, with the number of teeth Z1 = 20, 24, 28 respectively, and the module m = 2 for all. They are adapted to the transmission shaft rod 5 through flat keys, and multiple second gears 71 are provided accordingly, with the number of teeth Z2 = 20, 40, 48, 56 respectively, and the module m = 2, meshing with the corresponding first gears 7 to form different tooth ratios (such as Z1:Z2 = 1:2, 1:2.14).

[0073] When the high-torque mode is selected (exemplarily, Z1:Z2 = 20:20 = 1:1), when the rotational speed of the transmission shaft rod 5 is 200 rpm, the rotational speed of the stirring shaft 72 is 200 rpm, adapting to the high-intensity stirring requirements of viscous fertilizers;

[0074] When the balanced mode is selected (exemplarily, Z1:Z2 = 24:48 = 1:2), the rotational speed of the stirring shaft 72 maintains a 1:2 reduction ratio with the transmission shaft, suitable for conventional compound fertilizers;

[0075] When the low-speed mode is selected (exemplarily, Z1:Z2 = 28:56 = 1:2.14), when the transmission shaft rod 5 rotates at 200 rpm, the rotational speed of the stirring shaft 72 drops to 93 rpm, adapting to the gentle stirring of fragile fertilizers.

[0076] By replacing the gear sets with different gear ratios, the rotation speed and torque output of the stirring shaft 72 can be adjusted, which can not only meet the strong crushing requirements of highly viscous fertilizers, but also avoid the breakage of fragile fertilizer particles due to high-speed stirring, expanding the application scenarios of the equipment. By replacing the gear sets, the same equipment can be adapted to all categories of fertilizers such as organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers, and water-soluble fertilizers, meeting diverse agronomic requirements and reducing the investment of users in repeatedly purchasing special equipment.

[0077] In some embodiments, the stirring shaft 72 is cylindrical, and a part of the stirring shaft 72 penetrating into the fertilizer tank 2 is locally arranged as a plane.

[0078] Further, the section of the stirring shaft 72 penetrating into the fertilizer tank 2 is formed with symmetric planes by milling. The length of the plane is equal to the effective working section of the stirring shaft 72 in the fertilizer tank 2. When the stirring shaft 72 rotates, the plane rotates close to the inner wall of the fertilizer tank 2, and the change of the gap between the plane and the arc-shaped inner wall is used to shear the fertilizer caking. The periodic narrow slit formed by the plane and the arc-shaped tank wall generates high-frequency shear force to forcibly break the fertilizer caking and achieve the effect of loosening the material.

[0079] Further, refer to Figure 1 , both the seeding box 1 and the fertilizer tank 2 include a storage bin 8 and a material chamber 9. The lower inner diameter of the storage bin 8 gradually decreases and is detachably connected to the material chamber 9. The blanking rotating shaft 51 and the stirring shaft 72 are located in the material chamber 9.

[0080] The storage bin 8 is a conical cavity with a wide upper part, and its lower inner diameter gradually shrinks along the axis; the bottom of the storage bin 8 is butt-jointed with the top of the material chamber 9 through a flange. A silica gel gasket is arranged between the flanges and is locked and fixed through an annular clamp to achieve quick disassembly and assembly; the blanking rotating shaft 51 horizontally penetrates the lower part of the material chamber 9 and is fixed to the side wall of the material chamber 9 through a bearing. The stirring shaft 72 horizontally penetrates the upper part of the material chamber 9. After removing the clamp, the storage bin 8 can be separated from the material chamber 9, and the inner wall lining of the worn material chamber 9 can be directly cleaned or replaced.

[0081] The tapered design of the storage bin 8 can guide the seeds or fertilizers to converge orderly into the material chamber 9, and can eliminate the problems of bridging and arching, especially for wet or high-fiber content materials.

[0082] In the second aspect of the present application, a drone equipped with a seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device is provided. Refer to Figure 4 , which includes a drone body 10 and a seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device as described in the above embodiments. The material box of the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device is connected to the drone body 10.

[0083] Further, refer to Figure 4 , an installation bracket 101 is provided on the drone body 10, and the material box is fixedly connected to the installation bracket 101 through a connecting member 102. The connecting member 102 includes any one or a combination of a hoop, a bolt, a pin, a buckle, or a hook ring.

[0084] Symmetrically distributed mounting brackets 101 are welded on the bottom frame of the UAV body 10. The brackets are made of aviation aluminum alloy, with a U-shaped card slot opened at the top, and a rubber buffer pad embedded in the slot; the radian of the U-shaped card slot matches the outer wall of the gradually shrinking area of the silo of the material box, and the gradually shrinking section of the silo is embedded in the card slot and locked and fixed by quick-release bolts.

[0085] Further, referring to Figure 4 , support feet 103 are also welded on the bottom frame of the UAV body 10. The support feet 103 are located on both sides of the fertilizer and seed simultaneous sowing equipment. When the fertilizer and seed simultaneous sowing equipment is assembled on the mounting bracket 101 and the UAV body 10 is placed on the ground, the UAV body 10 is supported on the ground by the support feet 103. At this time, the fertilizer and seed simultaneous sowing equipment is located between the bottom ends of the support feet 103 and the UAV body 10, and the bottom of the feeding pipe 6 is suspended to prevent the feeding port of the feeding pipe 6 from touching the ground and piercing into the ground.

[0086] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing device for installation on a drone, characterized in that, Including: A material box, including a seeding box and a fertilizer box that are isolated from each other. Both the seeding box and the fertilizer box are provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. A transmission mechanism, including a transmission shaft rod, two blanking rotating shafts connected to the transmission shaft rod, and a driving motor for driving the transmission shaft rod to rotate. The driving motor is connected to the outside of the material box. The transmission shaft rod penetrates through the seeding box and the fertilizer box. The two blanking rotating shafts are respectively located in the seeding box and the fertilizer box. The two blanking rotating shafts rotate synchronously and respectively push the materials in the seeding box and the fertilizer box to fall from the corresponding discharge outlets when rotating.

2. The same-seeding device for seeds and fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that The blanking rotating shaft is detachably connected to the transmission shaft rod. The blanking rotating shaft is provided with blanking blades for pushing the material to move. There are multiple replaceable blanking rotating shafts, and the widths of the blanking blades on different blanking rotating shafts are different.

3. The same-seeding device for seeds and fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism further includes a first bearing, an intermediate bearing, and a second bearing that are sequentially axially connected to the transmission shaft rod. The opposite sides of the seeding box are respectively provided with a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole. The opposite sides of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a third shaft hole and a fourth shaft hole. The second shaft hole is coaxially docked with the third shaft hole. The first bearing is sealed in the first shaft hole. The intermediate bearing is hermetically connected between the second shaft hole and the third shaft hole. The second bearing is hermetically connected in the fourth shaft hole.

4. The same-seeding and fertilizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The discharge outlets of the seeding box and the fertilizer box are both connected with blanking pipes. The blanking pipes include a docking part and a bending part. The docking part is coaxially docked with the discharge outlet and is rotatable relative to the discharge outlet. The axis direction of the bending part does not coincide with the axis direction of the docking part.

5. The same-seeding device for seeds and fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a first gear, a second gear, and a stirring shaft. The first gear is detachably axially connected to the transmission shaft rod and is located on the outer side wall of the fertilizer box. The second gear meshes with the first gear and is located above the first gear. The stirring shaft is detachably axially connected to the second gear and at least partially penetrates into the fertilizer box. The stirring shaft is located above the blanking rotating shaft.

6. The same-seeding device for seeds and fertilizers according to claim 5, wherein, Both the first gear and the second gear include multiple replaceable ones, and the gear ratios of different first gears and second gears are different.

7. The seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stirring shaft is cylindrical, and a part of the portion of the stirring shaft penetrating into the fertilizer box is locally provided as a plane.

8. The seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing device according to claim 5, characterized in that Both the seeding box and the fertilizer box include a silo and a material chamber. The inner diameter of the lower part of the silo gradually decreases and is detachably connected to the material chamber. The blanking rotating shaft and the stirring shaft are located in the material chamber.

9. An unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a device for simultaneous seeding and fertilizing, characterized in that, Including a drone body and the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device according to any one of claims 1-8, and the material box of the seed-fertilizer simultaneous sowing device is connected to the drone body.

10. The unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, An installation bracket is provided on the drone body. The material box is fixedly connected to the installation bracket through a connecting piece. The connecting piece includes any one or a combination of a hoop, a bolt, a pin, a buckle, or a hook ring.

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