Method for grafting, propagating and potting litchis with fruits

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation, in particular to a method for grafting, propagating and potting litchis with fruits. Comprising the following steps of material preparation, grafting and final-period management, the material preparation comprises scion selection, stock selection and auxiliary material selection, the scion selection comprises the step of preferentially selecting raw litchi seedlings with good growth vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests as scions, and the stock selection comprises the step of taking adult litchi trees with robust growth, large fruit bearing amount and high fruit quality as stocks. The method for grafting, breeding and potting the litchi with fruits has the advantages that the preservation time of the litchi can be prolonged in a potting mode, the litchi can be used as an ornamental plant, and fresh litchi can be eaten at any time; compared with a traditional common grafting method, the inarching method has the advantages that more grafting results are obtained, and the yield of litchis is greatly increased; the inarching is carried out when fruits exist, so that long growth, flowering and fruiting waiting periods after grafting of traditional budlets are avoided, and the time from propagation to fruiting of the litchis is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation, and specifically refers to a method for grafting and propagating potted litchi with fruits. Background Art

[0002] Litchi is a fruit deeply loved by people. However, the fresh-keeping time of litchi after picking is relatively short, generally only up to two or three days at most, which brings great limitations to the circulation and sales of litchi. Traditional litchi propagation methods mostly use ordinary grafting methods. After grafting small bud strips, it is necessary to wait for the small saplings to grow, germinate, flower and then bear fruit slowly. This process takes a long time and the number of fruits is small.

[0003] At present, although the approach grafting method has been applied in plant propagation, the technology of applying it to the grafting propagation of litchi with fruits and forming potted plants has not been fully developed and utilized. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting and propagating potted litchi with fruits.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: A method for grafting and propagating potted litchi with fruits, including the following steps: material preparation, grafting steps, and post-grafting management;

[0006] The material preparation includes scion selection, rootstock selection, and auxiliary materials;

[0007] The scion selection includes preferentially selecting healthy litchi seedlings without pests and diseases and with good growth potential as scions;

[0008] The rootstock selection includes using adult litchi trees with strong growth, large fruit yields, and excellent fruit quality as rootstocks;

[0009] The auxiliary materials include that the cell growth liquid should select products produced by regular manufacturers, with clear ingredients and proven to have a significant promoting effect on litchi grafting healing through practice;

[0010] The grafting steps include cutting surface treatment, fitting and docking, cell growth liquid application, and tying and fixing;

[0011] The cutting surface treatment includes performing cutting surface treatment on the parts of the scion and the rootstock that are close to each other and convenient for operation;

[0012] The fitting and docking includes precisely fitting the cutting surfaces of the scion and the rootstock to align their cambiums to the maximum extent;

[0013] The cell growth liquid application includes selecting a clean writing brush or cotton swab, dipping an appropriate amount of cell growth liquid, and evenly applying it on the fitting surface of the scion and the rootstock;

[0014] The binding and fixing includes spirally winding from bottom to top with selected binding materials to tightly fix the scion and the rootstock;

[0015] The subsequent management includes healing inspection, environmental regulation, and cutting operation;

[0016] The healing inspection includes conducting an appearance inspection once a day to observe whether there are abnormal changes in the grafting part, such as whether there is exudate and whether the color is normal;

[0017] The cutting operation includes judging when the grafting part is completely healed by observing the growth of the callus tissue at the interface and the growth trend of the scion.

[0018] Preferably, the environmental regulation includes temperature control and humidity management.

[0019] Preferably, the length of the cut surface treatment depends on the thickness of the plant, generally between 3 - 8 cm, and the width is 1 - 3 cm.

[0020] Preferably, the healing inspection time is within the first 3 - 5 days after grafting.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The method for grafting and propagating potted litchi with fruits can extend the preservation time of litchi in the form of potted plants. It can not only be used as an ornamental plant but also enable people to eat fresh litchi at any time;

[0022] Compared with the traditional ordinary grafting method, the approach grafting results in more fruits, greatly increasing the yield of litchi;

[0023] Selecting approach grafting when there are fruits avoids the long waiting period for growth, flowering, and fruiting after traditional small bud grafting, shortening the time from propagation to fruiting of litchi.

[0024] Obviously, based on the above content of the present invention, according to the common general technical knowledge and customary means in the art, without departing from the above basic technical idea of the present invention, various other forms of modifications, substitutions, or changes can be made.

[0025] The following is a further detailed description of the above content of the present invention through specific embodiments in the form of examples. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0026] The following uses specific examples to illustrate the present invention, which is not a limitation to the present invention.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] It includes the following steps: material preparation, grafting step, and post-grafting management. Material preparation includes scion selection, rootstock selection, and auxiliary materials. Scion selection includes preferentially selecting healthy litchi seedlings without pests and diseases with good growth potential as scions. Rootstock selection includes using adult litchi trees with strong growth, large fruit yields, and excellent fruit quality as rootstocks. Auxiliary materials include cell growth liquid, which should be a product produced by a regular manufacturer with clear ingredients and has been proven through practice to significantly promote litchi grafting healing. The grafting step includes cutting surface treatment, fitting and docking, cell growth liquid application, and binding and fixing. Cutting surface treatment includes performing cutting surface treatment at the parts where the scion and rootstock are close to each other and convenient for operation. The length of the cutting surface treatment depends on the thickness of the plant, generally between 3 and 8 cm, and the width is 1 to 3 cm. Fitting and docking includes precisely fitting the cutting surfaces of the scion and rootstock to maximize the alignment of their cambiums. Cell growth liquid application includes selecting a clean brush or cotton swab, dipping an appropriate amount of cell growth liquid, and evenly applying it on the fitting surface of the scion and rootstock. Binding and fixing includes using the selected binding material to wind spirally from bottom to top to tightly fix the scion and rootstock. Post-grafting management includes healing inspection, environmental control, and cutting operation. Healing inspection includes performing an appearance inspection once a day to observe whether there are any abnormal changes at the grafting site, such as whether there is exudate and whether the color is normal. The healing inspection is carried out within the first 3 to 5 days after grafting. Environmental control includes temperature control and humidity management. Cutting operation includes judging when the grafting site has completely healed by observing the growth of the healing tissue at the interface and the growth trend of the scion.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] Material preparation: Scion selection: In the warm spring, select young litchi seedlings with a tree age of 2 - 3 years, a height of 50 - 80 cm, and a diameter of about 1 - 1.5 cm as scions. The selected scions should have smooth bark, bright color, plump and evenly distributed bud eyes. Rootstock selection: Select adult litchi trees with a tree age of 10 - 15 years, a trunk diameter of 15 - 20 cm, a plump crown, and a symmetrical tree shape as rootstocks. The fruits are of uniform size and show no obvious signs of pests and diseases. Auxiliary materials: Prepare a cytokinin - type growth solution of a well - known brand on the market. After at least 4 years of actual litchi grafting experiments, it can shorten the healing time by 3 - 5 days on average. Prepare plastic film with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.3 mm as the binding material, with a width of 3 - 5 cm, having good flexibility and waterproofness. Grafting steps: Slice treatment: On a sunny and windless morning, use a disinfected grafting knife to cut a smooth inclined plane with a length of 5 - 6 cm and a width of 1.5 - 2 cm from top to bottom at a distance of 30 - 40 cm from the top of the scion base. The inclined plane angle is about 30 - 40 degrees, ensuring that the sliced surface is flat and free of burrs. At a position 1 - 1.5 m above the ground on the rootstock, which is convenient for operation and has smooth bark, cut a matching - sized and - angled inclined plane in the same way. Fitting and docking: Align the sliced surface of the scion with that of the rootstock and gently press to ensure that at least 2 / 3 or more of the cambium areas of the two are closely fitted. During this period, the position can be slightly adjusted to ensure a tight fit without gaps. Cytokinin growth solution application: Dip a disinfected brush in an appropriate amount of cytokinin growth solution and evenly apply it starting from one end of the fitting surface of the scion and the rootstock. Binding and fixing: Starting from the bottom of the fitting surface, use the plastic film to wind in a spiral manner. During the winding process, apply moderate force, ensuring that the scion and the rootstock are firmly fixed without damaging the branches. Wind to a position 5 - 8 cm above the top of the fitting surface, and finally fix the end of the plastic film with tape. Environmental control: Control the temperature at 25 - 28 °C and the humidity at 70% - 80%. Use a humidifier and a hygrometer for monitoring and regulation, and spray 1 - 2 times in the morning and afternoon every day. Cutting operation: 20 - 25 days after grafting, when the callus at the interface completely wraps the interface, the new shoots on the scion grow to 5 - 8 cm, and the new leaves are dark green and growing healthily, use a disinfected pruning shear to cut off the original roots of the scion 2 - 3 cm below the grafting site to complete the transformation to independent potted growth.

[0031] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0032] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for grafting and propagating potted litchi with fruits, characterized in that, The steps include: Material preparation, grafting steps, and post - graft management; The material preparation includes scion selection, rootstock selection, and auxiliary materials; The scion selection includes preferentially selecting healthy and disease - free litchi seedlings with good growth potential as scions; The rootstock selection includes using adult litchi trees with strong growth, high fruit yield, and excellent fruit quality as rootstocks; The auxiliary materials include that the cell growth liquid should be a product produced by a regular manufacturer, with clear ingredients and has been verified through practice to have a significant promoting effect on litchi grafting healing; The grafting steps include cutting surface treatment, fitting and docking, cell growth liquid application, and binding and fixing; The cutting surface treatment includes performing cutting surface treatment on the parts of the scion and rootstock that are close to each other and convenient for operation; The fitting and docking includes precisely fitting the cutting surfaces of the scion and rootstock so that their cambiums are aligned to the maximum extent; The cell growth liquid application includes selecting a clean writing brush or cotton swab, dipping an appropriate amount of cell growth liquid, and evenly applying it on the fitting surface of the scion and rootstock; The binding and fixing includes using the selected binding material to wind spirally from bottom to top to tightly fix the scion and rootstock; The post - graft management includes healing inspection, environmental regulation, and cutting operation; The healing inspection includes conducting an appearance inspection once a day to observe whether there are any abnormal changes at the grafting site, such as whether there is exudate and whether the color is normal; The cutting operation includes judging when the grafting site is completely healed by observing the growth of the healing tissue at the interface and the growth trend of the scion.

2. The method for grafting and propagating litchi potted plants with fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental regulation includes temperature control and humidity management.

3. The method for grafting and propagating potted litchi with fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the cutting surface treatment depends on the thickness of the plant, generally between 3 - 8 cm, and the width is 1 - 3 cm.

4. The method for grafting and propagating a potted litchi with fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that, The healing inspection time is within the first 3 - 5 days after grafting.