Nutrition bowl and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil greening, and particularly relates to a nutrition bowl and application. The nutrition bowl comprises a bowl body and filler filled in the bowl body; the bowl body comprises a net-shaped fiber skeleton and a biological crust, the net-shaped fiber skeleton is provided with a cavity used for containing the filler, and the biological crust wraps the outer surface of the net-shaped fiber skeleton to obtain the bowl body; the filler comprises thallus controlled-release particles, a water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregate and soil; the preparation method of the humic acid aggregate comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner and a carrier, and carrying out mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrition carrier; s2, coating the nutrient carrier with hydrogel to obtain a humic acid aggregate; the nutrition pot has excellent fertilizer and water retention effects, can slowly release nutrient substances and water for a long time, promotes soil agglomeration, facilitates plant rooting and improves the surrounding soil environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil greening, and particularly relates to a nutrient bowl and its application. Background Art

[0002] The fertility in desert soil is limited. In order to increase the organic matter, a common practice is to add organic fertilizers (aerobic or anaerobic fermentation products of various organic solid wastes) to the soil. Generally, the organic fertilizers are directly mixed with the surface soil or directly covered on the soil before planting plants, but this method has the problem of rapid fertility loss.

[0003] The water in desert soil is limited. In order to slow down the water loss and reduce the impact of water on revegetation, water retention agents are usually used in large quantities or drought-tolerant plants are planted. However, this method not only has a high cost but also has a single type of drought-tolerant plants that can be planted, and the effect of improving the stability of the ecosystem is limited.

[0004] The desert soil structure is loose, and there is a problem of difficult plant root fixation. A common practice is to install a support for the trees to prevent lodging, but this method cannot promote the growth of plant roots and cannot fundamentally solve the problem, and it cannot be used for shrubs and herbaceous plants.

[0005] Researchers introduced plastic, solidifying materials or plant fiber nutrient bowls into desert soil, aiming to construct a relatively independent "artificial root zone environment". However, the existing nutrient bowls have insufficient performance and are difficult to effectively store and continuously supply water and nutrients. On the other hand, the structural stability of the existing nutrient bowls is poor, resulting in difficult normal growth and development of plant roots in them. Even if nutrient bowls are added to desert soil, the improvement in the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity is still limited, and the improvement effect on the fragile desert soil ecosystem is not significant. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing nutrient bowls, such as poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, difficult plant rooting in the nutrient bowls, very limited improvement in the water content and fertility of desert soil by the nutrient bowls, and difficulty in effectively alleviating the vulnerability of the desert soil ecosystem, so as to provide a nutrient bowl and its application.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In the first aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of humic acid aggregates is provided, which includes the following steps: S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner, and a carrier to carry out a mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, coating the nutrient carrier with a hydrogel to obtain humic acid aggregates.

[0008] In the present invention, humic acid precursors can be obtained by fermenting organic solid wastes with bacteria. The bacteria used in the fermentation are conventional bacteria in the art. Typically, but not limited thereto, they include at least one of thermophiles, Bacillus, and Bacillus licheniformis. The organic solid wastes are conventional organic solid wastes in the art. Typically, but not limited thereto, they include at least one of municipal sludge, livestock manure, food waste, agricultural straws, and garden wastes. The mass ratio of the bacteria to the organic solid wastes is 1:(1000 - 2000). The fermentation conditions include: the high-temperature fermentation temperature is 55 - 75°C, the high-temperature fermentation time is 3 - 4 days. At other times, it is placed at room temperature without temperature regulation. The system temperature can be higher than room temperature due to heat generation by the fermentation of the bacterial community. The total fermentation time is 15 - 30 days.

[0009] In the present invention, in order to make the mineralization reaction proceed more fully, the mineralization reaction is carried out after the materials are mixed. Typically, but not limited thereto, during the mineralization process, ultrasound can be used to make the mineralization more thorough. The frequency of the ultrasound is 40 - 50 kHz. During the entire mineralization process, the ultrasound is applied for 5 - 10 minutes per hour.

[0010] In the present invention, the hydrogel is a conventional hydrogel in the art. Typically, but not limited thereto, the hydrogel includes carboxymethyl cellulose - polyethyleneimine hydrogel or a hydrogel prepared from sodium alginate and gelatin as raw materials by a conventional method.

[0011] In the present invention, the preparation method of the carboxymethyl cellulose - polyethyleneimine hydrogel includes the following steps: mixing carboxymethyl cellulose and water according to a mass ratio of (1 - 3):100, stirring for 10 - 15 minutes and then standing for 8 - 12 hours to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution; mixing polyethyleneimine and water according to a mass ratio of (20 - 40):100, stirring for 10 - 15 minutes and then standing for 8 - 12 hours to obtain a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution; mixing the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution and the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution according to a volume ratio of 100:5 and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the carboxymethyl cellulose - polyethyleneimine hydrogel.

[0012] In the present invention, the coating step includes: spraying the hydrogel on the nutrient carrier and then standing to obtain a coating layer. The standing time is 2 - 5 hours.

[0013] According to the present invention, the soil conditioner includes a phosphorus-containing substance.

[0014] In the present invention, the phosphorus-containing substance is a conventional substance in the art. Typically, but not limited thereto, it includes phosphorus-containing compounds and minerals containing these phosphorus-containing compounds. Typically, but not limited thereto, the phosphorus-containing compounds include at least one of hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate; the phosphorus-containing minerals include, but are not limited to, phosphorus tailing powder.

[0015] According to the present invention, the carrier includes at least one of attapulgite, zeolite, perlite, diatomite, fly ash, and bentonite.

[0016] In the present invention, the carrier including attapulgite, zeolite, perlite, diatomite, fly ash, and bentonite are conventional materials in the art. Typically and non - restrictively, they can be purchased or recycled, and no excessive limitation is imposed.

[0017] According to the present invention, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 1 - 5 wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 3 - 10 wt%.

[0018] According to the present invention, based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, the mass of the hydrogel is 2 - 5 wt%.

[0019] According to the present invention, the carrier includes at least one of attapulgite and diatomite.

[0020] According to the present invention, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 2 - 4 wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 4 - 8 wt%.

[0021] According to the present invention, the conditions for the mineralization reaction include: the temperature of the mineralization reaction is 25 - 50 °C, and the time is 1 - 7 d.

[0022] According to the present invention, the conditions for the mineralization reaction include: the temperature of the mineralization reaction is 30 - 40 °C, and the time is 2 - 5 d.

[0023] The second aspect of the present invention protects a nutrient bowl, wherein the nutrient bowl includes humic acid aggregates, and the humic acid aggregates are prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0024] According to the present invention, the nutrient bowl includes a bowl body and a filler filled in the bowl body; The bowl body includes a reticulated fiber skeleton and a biological crust. The reticulated fiber skeleton has cavities for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust covers the outer surface of the reticulated fiber skeleton to obtain the bowl body; The filler includes bacterial body controlled - release particles, a water - retaining agent, humic acid aggregates, and soil; wherein the humic acid aggregates are prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0025] In the present invention, the preparation method of the bacterial body controlled - release particles is a conventional method in the art. Typically and non - restrictively, a suspension is obtained by mixing soil probiotics, water, and a trehalose protectant. Based on the volume of the suspension, the content of the soil beneficial bacteria is 10 8 -10 9CFU / mL; calculated based on the mass of the suspension, the mass of the trehalose protectant is 2 - 5 wt%. Then, the suspension is mixed with an aqueous alginate solution, and the volume ratio of the suspension to the aqueous alginate solution is 1:1 - 3; the alginate needs to be added in the form of an aqueous alginate solution because adding alginate solids directly to the system may cause local agglomeration. The alginate is a conventional type in the art. Typically, but not limited to, it includes any one of sodium alginate and potassium alginate; calculated based on the mass of the aqueous alginate solution, the mass of the alginate is 2 - 4 wt%; the mixing can be carried out by magnetic stirring to make the mixing more uniform. The stirring time is 30 - 45 min. After adding a cross-linking agent to the mixture of the suspension and the alginate and standing for 20 - 30 min, microspheres are obtained. The cross-linking agent is a conventional cross-linking agent in the art. Typically, but not limited to, calcium chloride is used. The calcium ions react with the carboxyl groups in the alginate to form a three-dimensional network structure gel. Calculated based on the mass of the cross-linking agent solution, the mass of the cross-linking agent is 1.5 - 3 wt%; the volume ratio of the aqueous alginate solution to the cross-linking agent solution is 20 - 30:1; the obtained microspheres are immersed in a chitosan acetic acid solution. Calculated based on the mass of the chitosan acetic acid solution, the mass of the chitosan is 0.5 - 1.5 wt%. Stand for 10 - 20 min. The amounts of the microspheres and the chitosan acetic acid solution are not limited as long as it can ensure that all the microspheres are immersed. After taking out, wash with water and freeze-dry or vacuum-dry until the moisture content is less than or equal to 5% to obtain the bacterial controlled-release particles.

[0026] In the present invention, the biological soil crust is a conventional biological soil crust in the art, including complexes formed by the adhesion of cryptogams such as bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens, mosses, etc. and their hyphae, secretions, etc. with soil gravel. Typically, but not limited to, the moss crust taken from the nearby forest land or rock surface is broken into pieces with a diameter not exceeding 1 cm, and mixed with the humus soil obtained from the roots of the surrounding trees, and prepared into a lichen symbiont suspension with a small amount of water, and coated on the outer surface of the reticulated fiber skeleton to obtain the biological soil crust. Typically, but not limited to, the volume ratio of the moss crust, the humus soil, and the water is (1 - 3):(1 - 10):(5 - 20).

[0027] In the present invention, the reticulated fiber skeleton is in a "flower basket"-like structure, and the porosity of the reticulated fiber skeleton is 80 - 90%. Here, the porosity is the ratio of the through-hole area on the surface of the flower basket to the overall area. Calculated based on the area of the reticulated fiber skeleton, the mass of the biological soil crust is 0.1 - 0.2 g / cm 2, where the area of the reticular fiber skeleton refers to the surface area of the macroscopic "flower basket", rather than the surface area of any single fiber. The area of the reticular fiber skeleton is represented by the surface area of a cylinder with the same height, and the diameter of the cylinder is calculated based on the longest distance between any two points on each cross-section of the reticular fiber skeleton; the raw material of the reticular fiber skeleton is conventional fiber, typically and non-limitingly, including at least one of agricultural straw, bark, willow branches, and shrubs; for soft materials such as agricultural straw and willow branches, they can be directly woven or woven after steam explosion, and for materials with relatively poor flexibility such as shrubs, the steam explosion method is used to break the tight cell wall structure on the surface of the raw material, presenting a fluffy and porous fibrous shape, and then woven. The steam explosion conditions include: the mass ratio of the raw material to water is 100:10 - 20, the explosion pressure is 1 - 1.5 MPa, and the time is 60 - 120 s.

[0028] In the present invention, the bacterial body controlled-release particles, water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates, and soil (usually the local soil of the planting area can be selected) are mixed and then added into the pot body (the cavity of the reticular fiber skeleton) to obtain a nutrient pot. Based on the volume of the pot body, the volume of the filler is 70 - 90%, leaving a certain space for digging pits and burying roots when planting plants, so as not to cause operation difficulties and damage to the plant roots due to narrow space.

[0029] In the present invention, the shape of the opening of the pot body is conventional in the art, typically and non-limitingly, generally a circle with a diameter of 10 - 30 cm, which can ensure that the filler does not leak and is fully in contact with the surroundings.

[0030] In the present invention, the water-retaining agent is a conventional substance in the art, typically and non-limitingly, including acrylamide polymers or acrylic acid polymers and their salts; the acrylamide polymers include polyacrylamide, the acrylic acid polymers include sodium polyacrylate, and starch can also be used to graft-modify the acrylamide polymers or acrylic acid polymers and their salts for use.

[0031] According to the present invention, the mass ratio of the bacterial body controlled-release particles, water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates, and soil is 1:(2 - 20):(100 - 500):(500 - 1500).

[0032] According to the present invention, the bacterial body controlled-release particles include a shell and a content, wherein the shell includes alginate gel and chitosan, and the content includes soil probiotics.

[0033] In the present invention, the soil probiotics are conventional bacteria in the art, typically and non-limitingly, including at least one of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, rhizobia, Streptomyces, and Bacillus; further optionally including at least one of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus subtilis.

[0034] According to the present invention, the mass ratio of the microbial controlled-release granules, water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates, and soil is 1:(5-10):(200-400):(600-1200).

[0035] The third aspect of the present invention protects the application of the aforementioned nutrient pot in the revegetation of desert land.

[0036] In the present invention, the application in the revegetation of desert land includes the following steps: 1. Dig pits on the sandy wasteland where plant revegetation is to be carried out, bury the nutrient pots, and then fill the gaps around the nutrient pots with the soil dug out, so that 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the upper part of the nutrient pot is exposed, and the upper surface of the nutrient pot is not filled and covered with soil. The nutrient pots are buried in the ground at a certain spacing, and the specific density depends on the actual situation. Generally, 3-5 nutrient pots are buried per square meter. The function of this step is to use the nutrient pot as a colonization carrier for organisms such as bacteria, moss, and plants. The nutrient pot is semi-buried to facilitate the colonization and growth of biological soil crusts on the surface of the pot body.

[0037] 2. Sow pioneer plant seeds or transplant seedlings on the surface and near the nutrient pots. The plant planting adopts a mixed sowing of grass, shrubs, and trees. The herbaceous plants grow rapidly and can quickly take root under sufficient nutrition and moisture. Their roots and root exudates can wrap the surrounding sand particles to form aggregates, providing better soil conditions for the roots of shrubs and trees, forming a grass-shrub-tree pattern, and the plant survival ability is stronger. The grass and shrubs are planted by sowing seeds. Mix the above plant seeds evenly and soak them fully in water to make the seeds absorb water and be plump. Appropriately add auxin to the water, which is beneficial to the seeds to quickly take root. The seeds should not be sown too thinly or too densely. It is advisable to sow them around the surface layer and near the nutrient pots at 25-75 g / m 2 (calculated as dry seeds). The tree seedlings are directly planted in the nutrient pots and watered thoroughly. The nutrient pot provides water, nutrients, and attachment points for the plant roots, improves the initial growth conditions, and ensures the growth of plant roots. In addition, a large number of bacteria in the nutrient pot promote the construction of the plant root microbial community, promote the nitrogen cycle and carbon cycle. After the plants grow, they can gradually produce nitrogen and organic matter relying on the micro-ecological cycle of the surface soil, slowly improve the surrounding desert soil ecology, and gradually get rid of artificial intervention.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention provides a method for preparing humic acid aggregates, which includes the following steps: S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner, and a carrier, followed by a mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, coating the nutrient carrier with a hydrogel to obtain humic acid aggregates. The humic acid aggregates of the present invention contain a large amount of organic matter and can gradually release it to the surrounding soil, being an excellent fertility release source. In step S1, the soil conditioner promotes the development of plant roots, the carrier loads the humic acid precursor with a large amount of organic matter, initially forming an aggregate structure to strengthen the water retention ability. The mineralization reaction can enable the humic acid precursor, the soil conditioner, and the carrier to produce synergy. The structure after the reaction is not only more similar to the soil properties, making it more convenient for nutrients to be absorbed by plants, but also more compact in structure, effectively improving the fertilizer and water retention abilities of the nutrient carrier. In step S2, adding a hydrogel, the hydrogel has a three-dimensional network structure and stores a large amount of water. Coating the nutrient carrier with the hydrogel forms a protective film on the nutrient carrier, which can slow down the rate of nutrient penetration and loss from the nutrient carrier to the ground, ensuring the long-term stable release of the organic matter in the humic acid precursor to the surrounding soil and improving the fertilizer retention ability of the humic acid aggregates. Thus, it improves the water and fertilizer retention abilities of the nutrient bowl containing the humic acid aggregates, promotes plant rooting. After the plants grow, they can gradually produce nitrogen and organic matter depending on the microecological cycle of the surface soil, slowly improving the ecological environment of the surrounding desert soil and enhancing the stability of the ecosystem.

[0039] 2. In the present invention, specific types of the soil conditioner and the carrier can not only better realize the formation of soil aggregate structure, but also ensure that the fertilizer effect has a slow-release characteristic, further improving the water and fertilizer retention performance.

[0040] 3. In the present invention, specific dosages of the soil conditioner and the carrier can further ensure that the physicochemical properties and nutrient ratios of the finally formed mineralization-coupled products are more excellent.

[0041] 4. In the present invention, specific mineralization conditions can accelerate the mineralization rate, and at the same time, each material can be more thoroughly mineralization-coupled.

[0042] 5. The present invention provides a nutrient bowl, wherein the nutrient bowl comprises a bowl body and a filler filled in the bowl body; the bowl body comprises a reticular fiber framework and a biological crust, the reticular fiber framework has cavities for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust covers the outer surface of the reticular fiber framework to obtain the bowl body; the filler comprises bacterial body controlled-release particles, a water retaining agent, humic acid aggregates and soil; the nutrient bowl of the present invention has excellent fertilizer and water retention effects, can slowly release nutrients and water for a long time, improve the surrounding soil environment, and realize the revegetation of desert land in a "point-driven-surface" manner; wherein, the bowl body comprises a reticular fiber framework, which is in a "network" structure compared with a "solid" structure, and is more conducive to the material exchange between the bowl body and the surrounding soil, facilitating the diffusion of nutrients in all directions. At the same time, it is woven into a reticular fiber framework instead of a solid structure, which not only provides more attachment points for the growth of biological crust and plant roots, but also is more conducive to the root contact of nearby plants with the internal substances of the bowl body to absorb nutrients. In the present invention, the biological crust can improve water and soil, promote the aggregation of soil particles, convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be utilized by plants, and increase the soil nitrogen content; adding bacterial body controlled-release particles can protect the activity of the bacterial body and realize the slow release of the bacteria compared with directly adding the bacteria, and at the same time avoid the negative interaction caused by the direct contact of the bacteria with other substances, and improve the compatibility of the bacteria with other components of the nutrient bowl; adding a water retaining agent, different from the separate action of the water retaining agent in the prior art, the water retaining agent in the present invention can produce a synergistic effect with other components such as the humic acid precursor in the humic acid aggregates and the hydrogel, and can strengthen the water retention ability of the nutrient bowl without using a large amount of the water retaining agent.

[0043] 6. In the present invention, a specific mass ratio of the bacterial body controlled-release particles, the water retaining agent and the humic acid aggregates can further effectively improve the water and fertilizer retention performance of desert soil, continuously supply sufficient water and nutrients for plant growth; on the other hand, it optimizes the plant root growth environment and significantly improves the plant rooting condition. Detailed implementation mode

[0044] The following embodiments are provided to better further understand the present invention, which is not limited to the best implementation mode, and does not limit the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with those of other prior arts falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] For those steps or conditions not specified in the embodiments, the operations or conditions of the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in this field can be followed. For the reagents or instruments not specified by the manufacturer, they are all conventional reagent products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0046] The preparation method of humic acid precursor includes the following steps: Bacillus is used for aerobic fermentation of municipal sludge and garden waste (the specific composition includes 50 wt% of municipal sludge and 50 wt% of garden waste), the mass ratio of the bacteria to the organic solid waste is 1:1500, the high-temperature fermentation temperature is 65 °C, the high-temperature fermentation time is 4 days, and at other times, it is placed at room temperature without temperature control. The system temperature can be higher than room temperature due to heat generated by the fermentation of the bacterial community, and the total fermentation time is 21 days.

[0047] Attapulgite: Purchased from Macklin, CAS No.: 1337-76-4; Diatomite: Purchased from Macklin, CAS No.: 68855-54-9; 4A zeolite: HuShi, CAS No. 1318-02-1; Biochar: Straw is taken, cut into small sections with a length of about 5 cm, dried and then placed in a carbonization furnace for carbonization. The carbonization temperature is 450 °C and the carbonization time is 1 h; Fly ash: Taken from a coal-fired power plant. By mass of fly ash, it includes 50 wt% of silicon dioxide, 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 10 wt% of iron(III) oxide, 5 wt% of calcium oxide, 2 wt% of magnesium oxide, 1 wt% of titanium dioxide, and the rest are impurities; Carboxymethyl cellulose: Wokai, CAS No. 9000-11-7; Polyethyleneimine: The weight-average molecular weight is 1800 g / mol; Preparation method of carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel: Carboxymethyl cellulose and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:100, stirred for 10 min and then left to stand for 8 h to obtain an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose solution. Polyethyleneimine and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 30:100, stirred for 10 min and then left to stand for 8 h to obtain an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution. The volume ratio of the aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose solution to the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution is 100:5, and they are mechanically stirred for 30 min to prepare carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel; Biological soil crust suspension: Take the moss crust on the surface of nearby forest land or rocks, break it into pieces with a diameter not exceeding 1 cm, take the humus soil from the roots of surrounding trees, mix the moss and the humus soil at a volume ratio of 1:1 to form a mixture, and mix the mixture with water at a volume ratio of 1:5 to prepare a lichen symbiont suspension; Polyacrylic acid: The weight-average molecular weight is 5000 g / mol; Starch graft copolymer: Here mainly refers to starch / polyacrylate graft polymer. Using corn starch as raw material, 5 wt% of corn starch is dispersed in water by mass, added to a flask, and gelatinized by heating in a 70°C constant temperature water bath for 0.5 h. 0.2 wt% of potassium persulfate is added to the flask by mass and reacted at a constant temperature of 70°C for 0.5 h. 5 wt% of polyacrylic acid is added dropwise to the flask by mass and reacted at a constant temperature of 70°C for 2 h. Finally, the product is soaked in ethanol for 6 h and dried in vacuum to obtain the product; Polyacrylamide: 6 million g / mol; Polyethylene glycol: 800 g / mol.

[0048] Example 1 This example provides a nutrient bowl, and the preparation method includes the following steps: Humic acid aggregate S1, Mix humic acid precursor, attapulgite, calcium phosphate, and diatomite. Among them, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of attapulgite is 5 wt%, the mass of calcium phosphate is 4 wt%, and the mass of diatomite is 3 wt%. After mixing, carry out a mineralization reaction. The mineralization process is assisted by ultrasound. The frequency of the ultrasound is 40 kHz, and it is ultrasonicated for 10 min per hour. The mineralization temperature is 40°C and the time is 5 d to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, Spray carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel on the nutrient carrier. Based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, the mass of the hydrogel is 2 wt%, and let it stand for 5 h to obtain humic acid aggregates; Nutrient bowl Prepare bacterial body controlled-release particles: Mix nitrogen-fixing bacteria, water, and trehalose to obtain a suspension. Based on the volume of the suspension, the content of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 10 9 CFU / mL; Based on the mass of the suspension, the mass of trehalose is 5 wt%. Mix the suspension with sodium alginate aqueous solution (based on the mass of the sodium alginate aqueous solution, the mass of sodium alginate is 2 wt%) to obtain a mixed solution. The volume ratio of the suspension to the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 1:1, stir for 30 min, add calcium chloride solution dropwise (based on the mass of the calcium chloride solution, the mass of calcium chloride is 1.5 wt%). The volume ratio of the mixed solution to the calcium chloride solution is 20:1, let it stand for 30 min to solidify to obtain microspheres, immerse the microspheres in a chitosan solution (based on the mass of the chitosan acetic acid solution, the mass of chitosan is 0.5 wt%) for 30 min, and dry to obtain bacterial body controlled-release particles; Prepare a reticular fiber skeleton: Prepare it from willow branches. The steam explosion conditions include: the mass ratio of the raw material to water is 100:10, the explosion pressure is 1.5 MPa, and the time is 120 s. Weave the steam-exploded willow branches to obtain a reticular fiber skeleton with a porosity of 80%; Preparation of the pot body: Sprinkle the biological soil crust suspension on the outer surface of the reticulated fiber skeleton. Based on the area of the reticulated fiber skeleton, the mass of the biological soil crust is 0.2 g / cm 2 , and the pot body is obtained. The diameter of the pot body is 20 cm and the height is 20 cm; Preparation of the filler: Mix the bacterial body controlled-release particles, starch graft copolymer, humic acid aggregate, and soil according to a mass ratio of 1:10:300:600, and add them to the pot body to obtain the filler; based on the volume of the pot body, the volume of the filler is 80%; Place the filler into the pot body to obtain the nutrient pot.

[0049] Example 2 This example provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: Humic acid aggregate S1. Mix the humic acid precursor, attapulgite, calcium phosphate, and diatomite. Among them, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of attapulgite is 3 wt%, the mass of calcium phosphate is 2 wt%, and the mass of diatomite is 1 wt%. After mixing, carry out the mineralization reaction. The mineralization process is assisted by ultrasound. The frequency of the ultrasound is 40 kHz, and the ultrasound is applied for 5 min per hour. Carry out the mineralization reaction at a temperature of 30 °C for 2 d to obtain the nutrient carrier; S2. Sprinkle the carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel on the nutrient carrier. Based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, the mass of the hydrogel is 5 wt%, and let it stand for 2 h to obtain the humic acid aggregate; Nutrient pot Preparation of the bacterial body controlled-release particles: Mix Bacillus, water, and trehalose to obtain a suspension. Based on the volume of the suspension, the content of Bacillus is 10 8 CFU / mL; based on the mass of the suspension, the mass of trehalose is 2 wt%. Mix the suspension with the sodium alginate aqueous solution (based on the mass of the sodium alginate aqueous solution, the mass of sodium alginate is 3 wt%) to obtain a mixed solution. The volume ratio of the suspension to the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 1:2. Stir for 30 min, add the calcium chloride solution (based on the mass of the calcium chloride solution, the mass of calcium chloride is 2 wt%). The volume ratio of the mixed solution to the calcium chloride solution is 30:1. Let it stand for 30 min to solidify to obtain microspheres. Immerse the microspheres in the chitosan solution (based on the mass of the chitosan acetic acid solution, the mass of chitosan is 1 wt%) for 20 min and dry to obtain the bacterial body controlled-release particles; Preparation of the reticulated fiber skeleton: Use the pruned shrubs as raw materials for preparation. The steam explosion conditions include: the mass ratio of the raw materials to water is 100:20, the explosion pressure is 1 MPa, and the time is 60 s. Weave the pruned shrubs after steam explosion to obtain a reticulated fiber skeleton with a porosity of 90%; Preparing the pot body: Spraying the biological soil crust suspension on the outer surface of the reticulated fiber framework. Based on the area of the reticulated fiber framework, the mass of the biological soil crust is 0.1 g / cm 2 , obtaining the pot body with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 20 cm; Preparing the filler: Mixing the microbial controlled-release particles, polyacrylamide, humic acid aggregates, and soil in a mass ratio of 1:10:500:1200, and adding them into the pot body to obtain the filler; based on the volume of the pot body, the volume of the filler is 70%; Placing the filler into the pot body to obtain the nursery pot.

[0050] Example 3 This example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same way as in Example 1, the difference is that in step S1, the humic acid precursor, zeolite, calcium phosphate, and fly ash are mixed. Among them, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the zeolite is 5 wt%, the mass of the calcium phosphate is 4 wt%, and the mass of the fly ash is 3 wt%.

[0051] Example 4 This example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same way as in Example 1, the difference is that in step S1, the humic acid precursor, attapulgite, calcium phosphate, and diatomite are mixed. Among them, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite is 2 wt%, the mass of the calcium phosphate is 1 wt%, and the mass of the diatomite is 1 wt%.

[0052] Example 5 This example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same way as in Example 1, the difference is that in step S1, the mineralization temperature is 50 °C and the time is 1.5 d.

[0053] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same way as in Example 3, the difference is that the humic acid precursor, attapulgite, and diatomite are mixed. Among them, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite is 5 wt% and the mass of the diatomite is 3 wt%; the mass of the humic acid precursor in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 3.

[0054] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same manner as in Example 3, except that the humic acid precursor, attapulgite, and calcium phosphate are mixed. Among them, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of attapulgite is 5 wt% and the mass of calcium phosphate is 2 wt%. The mass of the humic acid precursor in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 3.

[0055] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same manner as in Example 3, except that in step S2, the methylcellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel is changed to polyethylene glycol.

[0056] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a nursery pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps: In the same manner as in Example 3, except that in step S1, the mineralization reaction is not carried out.

[0057] Test Example Specific planting method: Dig a hole in the desertified land, with the depth of the hole being 20 cm and the diameter of the hole body being 25 cm. Place the nursery pot into the hole, fill the gaps between the nursery pot and the surrounding soil with the soil dug out from the hole, compact it, and do not cover the upper surface of the nursery pot with soil. Slowly pour 1 L of water into the nursery pot to allow the nursery pot to fully absorb the water. Sprinkle grass seeds on the watered nursery pot. The grass seeds include ryegrass and bermudagrass with a mass ratio of 1:1, and the total number of seeds sown is 1000.

[0058] Water retention capacity test method: After 60 days of planting in the nursery pot, take the filler at the middle height position of the nursery pot (i.e., the filler at a height of 10 cm), and measure the moisture content, which is expressed as a percentage.

[0059] Fertilizer retention capacity test method: After 60 days of planting in the nursery pot, take the surface filler of the nursery pot (the filler at a height of 5 cm), and measure the total nutrients (the measurement method refers to the standard CJ / T 221-2023). The total nutrients are the sum of the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium.

[0060] Plant rooting test method: Define the ratio of the germinated seeds as the plant rooting rate. The specific method is to measure the ratio of the number of grass plants grown to the total number of seeds sown after 30 days of planting in the nursery pot, and express it as a percentage.

[0061] Test method for fresh weight of plants: The fresh weight of plants is represented by the weight of the above-ground part of the freshly harvested plants. The specific method is as follows: After 60 days of planting in nutrient pots, cut the above-ground part of the plants with scissors at a position 1 cm above the ground surface. Cut all the plants on the nutrient pot, collect all the cut plants, and wash them with water to remove the surface dust to ensure the reliability of the results. Then, dry the surface clear water with filter paper and weigh the total mass of the harvested plants on the nutrient pot with a balance.

[0062] During the test period, simulate rainfall and water each nutrient pot with 0.32 L every 5 days.

[0063] The specific test results are shown in Table 1; Table 1 Properties of nutrient pots and plant growth conditions in examples and comparative examples

[0064] Note: The growth situation of moss is more > many > few.

[0065] By comparing Example 3 with Comparative Examples 1-3, it can be seen that there is a synergistic effect between the soil conditioner and the carrier, which can together improve the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the nutrient pot and is beneficial to the rooting and growth of plants.

[0066] By comparing Example 3 with Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that Example 3 undergoes a mineralization reaction, which can further improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the nutrient pot and promote plant rooting compared with Comparative Example 4.

[0067] Obviously, the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the examples and are not limitations on the implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation modes here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nutrient bowl, characterized in that, The nutrient bowl includes a bowl body and a filler filled in the bowl body; The bowl body includes a reticular fiber skeleton and a biological crust. The reticular fiber skeleton has cavities for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust is coated on the outer surface of the reticular fiber skeleton to obtain the bowl body; The filler includes bacterial controlled-release particles, a water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates, and soil; Among them, the preparation method of the humic acid aggregates includes the following steps: S1, Mix a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner, and a carrier to carry out a mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, Coating the nutrient carrier with a hydrogel to obtain humic acid aggregates.

2. The nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein, The soil conditioner includes a phosphorus-containing substance; And / or, the carrier includes at least one of attapulgite, zeolite, perlite, diatomite, fly ash, and bentonite; And / or, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 1-5wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 3-10wt%; And / or, based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, the mass of the hydrogel is 2-5wt%.

3. The nutrient bowl according to claim 2, characterized in that, The carrier includes at least one of attapulgite and diatomite.

4. The nutrient bowl according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 2-4wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 4-8wt%.

5. The nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein The conditions of the mineralization reaction include: the temperature of the mineralization reaction is 25-50°C, and the time is 1-7d.

6. The nutrient bowl according to claim 5, wherein The conditions of the mineralization reaction include: the temperature of the mineralization reaction is 30-40°C, and the time is 2-5d.

7. The nutrient bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the bacterial controlled-release particles, the water-retaining agent, the humic acid aggregates, and the soil is 1:(2-20):(100-500):(500-1500).

8. The nutrient bowl according to claim 7, wherein The mass ratio of the bacterial controlled-release particles, the water-retaining agent, the humic acid aggregates, and the soil is 1:(5-10):(200-400):(600-1200).

9. The nutrient bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bacterial controlled-release particles include a shell and a content. Among them, the shell includes an alginate gel and chitosan, and the content includes soil probiotics.

10. Application of the nutrient bowl according to any one of claims 1-9 in the revegetation of desert land.

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