Nutritional bowl and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of soil greening technology, and specifically relates to a nutrient pot and its application. The nutrient pot includes a pot body and a filler filled in the pot body; the pot body includes a mesh fiber skeleton and a biological crust, the mesh fiber skeleton has a cavity for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust is coated on the outer surface of the mesh fiber skeleton to obtain a pot body; the filler includes bacterial controlled-release particles, a water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates and soil; wherein, the preparation method of the humic acid aggregates includes the following steps: S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner and a carrier for mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, using a hydrogel to coat the nutrient carrier to obtain a humic acid aggregate; the nutrient pot of the present invention has excellent fertilizer and water retention effects, can slowly release nutrients and water for a long time, promote soil aggregation, facilitate plant rooting, and improve the surrounding soil environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil greening, and particularly relates to a nutrient pot and its application. Background Art

[0002] The fertility of desert soil is limited. In order to increase organic matter, a common practice is to add organic fertilizer (aerobic or anaerobic fermentation products of various organic solid wastes) to the soil. Generally, organic fertilizer is directly mixed with the surface soil or organic fertilizer is directly covered on the soil before planting plants. However, this method has the problem of rapid fertility loss.

[0003] There is limited water in desert soil. In order to slow down water loss and reduce the impact of water on regreening, a large amount of water-retaining agents or drought-resistant plants are usually used. However, this method is not only costly but also the types of drought-resistant plants that can be planted are limited, and the effect on improving ecosystem stability is limited.

[0004] The soil structure in deserts is loose, making it difficult for plants to take root. A common practice is to put supports on trees to prevent them from falling over, but this method cannot promote the growth of plant roots, cannot fundamentally solve the problem, and cannot be used for shrubs and herbaceous plants.

[0005] Researchers have introduced plastic, solidified materials, or plant fiber nutrient pots into desert soils to create relatively independent "artificial root zones." However, existing nutrient pots are inadequate, making it difficult to effectively store and continuously supply water and nutrients. Furthermore, their structural stability makes it difficult for plant roots to grow and develop normally. Even with the addition of nutrient pots to desert soils, their improvement in soil water and nutrient retention capacity remains limited, and their impact on the fragile soil ecosystem is insignificant. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing nutrient pots, such as poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, difficulty in plant rooting in the nutrient pots, very limited effect of the nutrient pots on improving the water content and fertility of desert soil, and difficulty in effectively alleviating the fragility of the desert soil ecosystem, thereby providing a nutrient pot and its application.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing humic acid aggregates, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner, and a carrier to conduct a mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier;

[0010] S2, using hydrogel to coat the nutrient carrier to obtain humic acid aggregates.

[0011] In the present invention, humic acid precursors can be obtained by fermenting organic solid waste with bacteria. The bacteria used in the fermentation are conventional bacteria in the field, typically but not limited to, including at least one of thermophilic bacteria, Bacillus, and Bacillus licheniformis; the organic solid waste is conventional organic solid waste in the field, typically but not limited to, including at least one of municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure, kitchen waste, agricultural straw, and garden waste; the mass ratio of the bacteria to the organic solid waste is 1:(1000-2000); the fermentation conditions include: a high-temperature fermentation temperature of 55-75°C and a high-temperature fermentation time of 3-4 days. At other times, the system is placed at room temperature without temperature control, and the system temperature may be higher than room temperature due to heat generated by bacterial fermentation. The total fermentation time is 15-30 days.

[0012] In the present invention, in order to make the mineralization reaction more complete, the mineralization reaction is carried out after the materials are mixed. Typically, but not limitedly, during the mineralization process, ultrasound can be used to make the mineralization more thorough. The frequency of the ultrasound is 40-50 kHz, and the ultrasound is applied for 5-10 minutes per hour during the entire mineralization process.

[0013] In the present invention, the hydrogel is a conventional hydrogel in the art. Typically, but not limited to, the hydrogel includes carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel or a hydrogel prepared using sodium alginate and gelatin as raw materials according to a conventional method.

[0014] In the present invention, the preparation method of the carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel comprises the following steps: mixing carboxymethyl cellulose and water in a mass ratio of (1-3):100, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and standing for 8-12 hours to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution; mixing polyethyleneimine and water in a mass ratio of (20-40):100, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and standing for 8-12 hours to obtain a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution; and mixing the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution and the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution in a volume ratio of 100:5 and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel.

[0015] In the present invention, the coating step comprises: spraying the hydrogel on the nutrient carrier and then allowing the carrier to stand to obtain a coating layer, wherein the standing time is 2-5 hours.

[0016] According to the present invention, the soil conditioner includes a phosphorus-containing substance.

[0017] In the present invention, the phosphorus-containing substance is a conventional substance in the art, and typically, but not limitedly, includes phosphorus-containing compounds and minerals containing these phosphorus-containing compounds. Typically, but not limitedly, the phosphorus-containing compound includes at least one of hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate; the phosphorus-containing minerals include but are not limited to phosphorus tailings powder.

[0018] According to the present invention, the carrier includes at least one of attapulgite, zeolite, perlite, diatomaceous earth, fly ash, and bentonite.

[0019] In the present invention, the carrier includes attapulgite, zeolite, perlite, diatomaceous earth, fly ash, and bentonite, which are conventional materials in the art and can be purchased, recycled, and are not particularly limited.

[0020] According to the present invention, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 1-5 wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 3-10 wt%.

[0021] According to the present invention, based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, the mass of the hydrogel is 2-5 wt%.

[0022] According to the present invention, the carrier includes at least one of attapulgite and diatomaceous earth.

[0023] According to the present invention, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 2-4 wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 4-8 wt%.

[0024] According to the present invention, the conditions of the mineralization reaction include: the mineralization reaction temperature is 25-50° C., and the time is 1-7 days.

[0025] According to the present invention, the conditions of the mineralization reaction include: the mineralization reaction temperature is 30-40° C., and the time is 2-5 days.

[0026] The second aspect of the present invention protects a nutrient pot, wherein the nutrient pot includes humic acid aggregates, wherein the humic acid aggregates are prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0027] According to the present invention, the nutrient bowl comprises a bowl body and a filler filled in the bowl body;

[0028] The bowl body comprises a reticular fiber skeleton and a biological crust, wherein the reticular fiber skeleton has a cavity for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust is coated on the outer surface of the reticular fiber skeleton to obtain the bowl body;

[0029] The filler comprises bacterial controlled-release particles, a water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates and soil; wherein the humic acid aggregates are prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0030] In the present invention, the preparation method of the bacterial controlled-release granules is a conventional method in the art. Typically, but not limited to, soil probiotics, water, and trehalose protective agent are mixed to obtain a suspension. The content of the soil probiotics is 10% by volume of the suspension. 8 -10 9CFU / mL; based on the mass of the suspension, the mass of the trehalose protective agent is 2-5wt%. The suspension is then mixed with an alginate aqueous solution, and the volume ratio of the suspension to the alginate aqueous solution is 1:1-3; the alginate should be added in the form of an alginate aqueous solution, because adding alginate solid directly to the system may cause local agglomeration. Alginate is a conventional type in the field, typically and non-limitingly including any one of sodium alginate and potassium alginate; based on the mass of the alginate aqueous solution, the mass of the alginate is 2-4wt%; the mixing can be carried out by magnetic stirring to make the mixing more uniform, and the stirring time is 30-45min. After the cross-linking agent is added dropwise to the suspension and alginate mixture and allowed to stand for 20-30min, microspheres are obtained, and the cross-linking agent is Conventional cross-linking agents in this field are typically, but not limited to, calcium chloride. The calcium ions react with the carboxyl groups in the alginate to form a gel with a three-dimensional network structure. The mass of the cross-linking agent is 1.5-3wt% based on the mass of the cross-linker solution; the volume ratio of the alginate aqueous solution to the cross-linker solution is 20-30:1; the obtained microspheres are immersed in a chitosan acetic acid solution, the mass of the chitosan is 0.5-1.5wt% based on the mass of the chitosan acetic acid solution, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 10-20 minutes. The amount of the microspheres and the chitosan acetic acid solution is not limited, as long as it can ensure that all the microspheres are immersed. After taking out, wash with water, freeze-dry or vacuum-dry to a moisture content of less than or equal to 5% to obtain bacterial controlled-release particles.

[0031] In the present invention, the biological crust is a conventional biological crust in the field, including a complex formed by cryptogamous plants such as bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens, mosses, and their hyphae, secretions, etc., bonded with soil and gravel. Typically, but not limited to, moss bark taken from nearby woodlands or rock surfaces is crushed into fragments with a diameter of no more than 1 cm, mixed with humus obtained from the roots of surrounding trees, and a lichen symbiont suspension is prepared with a small amount of water, which is then coated on the outer surface of the mesh fiber skeleton to obtain the biological crust. Typically, but not limited to, the volume ratio of moss bark, humus, and water is (1-3):(1-10):(5-20).

[0032] In the present invention, the reticular fiber skeleton is a "flower basket"-like structure, and the porosity of the reticular fiber skeleton is 80-90%. The porosity here is the ratio of the through-hole area on the flower basket surface to the overall area. The mass of the biological crust is 0.1-0.2 g / cm based on the area of the reticular fiber skeleton. 2Here, the area of the reticular fiber skeleton refers to the surface area of the macroscopic "flower basket", rather than the surface area of any one fiber therein. The area of the reticular fiber skeleton is expressed as the surface area of a cylinder of equal height, where the diameter of the cylinder is measured by the longest distance between any two points on each cross section of the reticular fiber skeleton; the raw material of the reticular fiber skeleton is conventional fiber, typically but not limitedly, including at least one of agricultural straw, bark, willow branches, and shrubs; for soft materials such as agricultural straw and willow branches, they can be directly woven or woven into a reticular fiber skeleton after steam explosion. For materials with poor flexibility such as shrubs, steam explosion is used to break the tight cell wall structure on the surface of the raw material, presenting a fluffy and porous fiber shape, and then weaving is carried out. The steam explosion conditions include: the mass ratio of raw material to water is 100:10-20, the explosion pressure is 1-1.5MPa, and the time is 60-120s.

[0033] In the present invention, bacterial controlled-release particles, water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates, and soil (generally, local soil of the planting site can be selected) are mixed and added to the pot body (the cavity of the mesh fiber skeleton) to obtain a nutrient pot. The volume of the filler is 70-90% of the volume of the pot body, leaving a certain amount of space for digging holes and burying roots when planting plants, without causing operational difficulties due to narrow space and damaging the plant roots.

[0034] In the present invention, the shape of the opening of the bowl body is conventional in the art, typically but not limitingly, a circle with a diameter of 10-30 cm, which can ensure that the filling does not leak and is in full contact with the surroundings.

[0035] In the present invention, the water-retaining agent is a conventional substance in the art, typically but not limitedly, including acrylamide polymers or acrylic acid polymers and salts thereof; the acrylamide polymers include polyacrylamide, and the acrylic acid polymers include sodium polyacrylate. Acrylamide polymers or acrylic acid polymers and salts thereof can also be used after being graft-modified with starch.

[0036] According to the present invention, the mass ratio of the bacterial controlled-release particles, the water-retaining agent, the humic acid aggregates, and the soil is 1:(2-20):(100-500):(500-1500).

[0037] According to the present invention, the bacterial controlled-release particles include a shell and contents, wherein the shell includes alginate gel and chitosan, and the contents include soil probiotics.

[0038] In the present invention, the soil probiotics are conventional bacteria in the art, typically but not limitedly, including at least one of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, rhizobia, Streptomyces, and Bacillus; and can further optionally include at least one of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Bacillus subtilis.

[0039] According to the present invention, the mass ratio of the bacterial controlled-release particles, the water-retaining agent, the humic acid aggregates, and the soil is 1:(5-10):(200-400):(600-1200).

[0040] The third aspect of the present invention protects the use of the aforementioned nutrient pots in regreening desert land.

[0041] In the present invention, the application in desert land greening includes the following steps:

[0042] 1. Dig a hole on the sandy wasteland where the plant is to be regreened, bury the nutrient pot, then fill the nutrient pot surrounding space with the soil that digs out, expose 1 / 4-1 / 3 part on the nutrient pot, and do not fill and cover the nutrient pot upper surface with soil. The nutrient pot is buried in the ground according to a certain spacing, and the specific density depends on the actual situation. Generally, 3-5 are buried per square meter. This step effect is to use the nutrient pot as the colonization carrier of the living organisms such as bacteria, moss, and plants, and the nutrient pot is half-buried so that the biological crust in the soil grows on the surface of the pot body.

[0043] 2. Sow the pioneer plant seeds or transplant the seedlings on and near the surface of the nutrient pots. Use a mixed sowing of grass, shrubs, and trees for plant planting. Herbaceous plants grow rapidly and take root quickly under conditions of sufficient nutrition and water. Their roots and root secretions can wrap the surrounding sand particles to form aggregates, providing better soil conditions for the roots of shrubs and trees, forming a grass-shrub-tree pattern, and making the plants more viable. Grass and shrub planting adopts the method of sowing seeds. Mix the seeds of the above plants and soak them in water to make the seeds absorb water fully. Add appropriate amount of auxin to the water to facilitate rapid rooting of the seeds. Seed sowing should not be too sparse or too dense. Sprinkle 25-75g / m around the surface of the nutrient pots and nearby areas. 2 (calculated as dry seeds) is appropriate. Arbor seedlings are planted directly in nutrient pots and watered thoroughly. The nutrient pots provide moisture, nutrients, and attachment points for plant roots, improving initial growth conditions and ensuring root growth. Furthermore, the abundant bacteria in the nutrient pots promote the development of microbial communities within the plant roots, facilitating nitrogen and carbon cycles. Once the plants emerge, they rely on the microbial ecosystem of the topsoil to gradually produce nitrogen and organic matter, slowly improving the surrounding desert soil ecology and gradually freeing themselves from human intervention.

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0045] 1. The present invention provides a method for preparing humic acid aggregates, which includes the following steps: S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner, and a carrier, and then conducting a mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, using a hydrogel to coat the nutrient carrier to obtain humic acid aggregates; the humic acid aggregates of the present invention contain a large amount of organic matter and can be gradually released into the surrounding soil, and are an excellent fertility release source; in step S1, the soil conditioner promotes the development of plant roots, and the carrier carries a large amount of humic acid precursor containing organic matter, initially forming a granular structure to enhance water retention capacity, and the mineralization reaction can make the humic acid precursor, soil conditioner, and carrier produce synergy, and the structure after the reaction is not only more similar to the soil properties, but also more convenient for nutrition. The nutrient carrier is absorbed by the plants and has a tighter structure, which effectively improves the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the nutrient carrier; in step S2, hydrogel is added, and the hydrogel has a three-dimensional network structure and stores a large amount of water; and the hydrogel coats the nutrient carrier, forming a protective film on the nutrient carrier, which can slow down the speed at which nutrients in the nutrient carrier penetrate into the ground and lose, ensuring that the organic matter in the humic acid precursor is stably released to the surrounding soil for a long time, and improving the fertilizer retention capacity of the humic acid aggregates; thereby improving the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the nutrient pot containing the humic acid aggregates, promoting plant rooting, and after the plants grow, they can gradually produce nitrogen and organic matter by relying on the microecological cycle of the surface soil, slowly improving the surrounding desert soil ecology, and improving the stability of the ecosystem.

[0046] 2. In the present invention, the specific types of soil conditioners and carriers can not only better achieve the formation of soil aggregate structure, but also ensure that the fertilizer effect has a slow-release characteristic, further improving the water and fertilizer retention performance.

[0047] 3. In the present invention, the specific dosage of the soil conditioner and the carrier can further ensure that the physical and chemical properties and nutritional ratio of the final mineralized coupling product are better.

[0048] 4. In the present invention, specific mineralization conditions can accelerate the rate of mineralization, and at the same time, the mineralization coupling of various materials can be more thorough.

[0049] 5. The present invention provides a nutrient pot, wherein the nutrient pot comprises a pot body and a filler filled in the pot body; the pot body comprises a mesh fiber skeleton and a biological crust, the mesh fiber skeleton has a cavity for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust is coated on the outer surface of the mesh fiber skeleton to obtain the pot body; the filler comprises bacterial controlled-release particles, a water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates and soil; the nutrient pot of the present invention has excellent fertilizer and water retention effects, can slowly release nutrients and water for a long time, improve the surrounding soil environment, and realize the greening of desert land in a "point-to-surface" manner; wherein the pot body comprises a mesh fiber skeleton, which has a "network" structure compared to a "solid" structure, which is more conducive to the material exchange between the pot body and the surrounding soil, and facilitates the diffusion of nutrients to the surroundings, and is woven into a mesh fiber skeleton rather than a solid The structure not only provides more attachment points for the biological crust and plant root growth, but also makes it more conducive for the roots of nearby plants to contact the substances inside the pot and absorb nutrients. The biological crust in the present invention can improve water and soil, promote the agglomeration of soil particles, convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be used by plants, and increase the nitrogen content in the soil; the addition of bacterial controlled-release particles can protect the activity of the bacteria and achieve slow release of the bacteria compared to directly adding bacteria, while avoiding negative interactions caused by direct contact between the bacteria and other substances, and improving the compatibility of the bacteria with other components of the nutrient pot; the addition of a water-retaining agent is different from the water-retaining agent in the prior art that acts alone. The water-retaining agent in the present invention can produce a synergistic effect with other components, such as humic acid precursors in humic acid aggregates and hydrogels, and can enhance the water retention capacity of the nutrient pot without using a large amount of water-retaining agent.

[0050] 6. In the present invention, the specific mass ratio of bacterial controlled-release particles, water-retaining agent, and humic acid aggregates can further effectively improve the water and fertilizer retention properties of desert soil, continuously supplying sufficient water and nutrients for plant growth; on the other hand, it optimizes the growth environment of plant roots and significantly improves the rooting conditions of plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the best mode of implementation. They do not limit the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in this field can be used. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all commercially available conventional reagents.

[0053] The preparation method of humic acid precursor includes the following steps: using Bacillus to aerobic ferment municipal sludge and garden waste (specifically comprising 50wt% municipal sludge and 50wt% garden waste), the mass ratio of bacteria to organic solid waste is 1:1500, the high-temperature fermentation temperature is 65°C, and the high-temperature fermentation time is 4 days. At other times, the system is placed at room temperature without temperature control. The system temperature may be higher than room temperature due to heat generated by bacterial fermentation. The total fermentation time is 21 days.

[0054] Attapulgite: purchased from MacLean, CAS number: 1337-76-4;

[0055] Diatomaceous earth: purchased from McLean, CAS number: 68855-54-9;

[0056] 4A zeolite: Shanghai test, CAS No. 1318-02-1;

[0057] Biochar: Take straw, cut into small pieces about 5 cm in length, dry them and place them in a carbonization furnace for carbonization at a temperature of 450°C for 1 hour;

[0058] Fly ash: taken from coal-fired power plants, based on the mass of fly ash, including 50wt% silicon dioxide, 25wt% aluminum oxide, 10wt% iron oxide, 5wt% calcium oxide, 2wt% magnesium oxide, 1wt% titanium dioxide, and the rest are impurities;

[0059] Carboxymethyl cellulose: Wokai, CAS No. 9000-11-7;

[0060] Polyethyleneimine: weight average molecular weight is 1800 g / mol;

[0061] Preparation method of carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel: carboxymethyl cellulose and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:100, stirred for 10 minutes and then allowed to stand for 8 hours to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution; polyethyleneimine and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 30:100, stirred for 10 minutes and then allowed to stand for 8 hours to obtain a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution; the volume ratio of the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution to the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution is 100:5, and mechanical stirring is performed for 30 minutes to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel;

[0062] The biocrust suspension is prepared by taking moss crusts from nearby woodlands or rock surfaces, crushing them into pieces no larger than 1 cm in diameter, taking humus soil from the roots of surrounding trees, mixing the moss and humus soil in a volume ratio of 1:1 to form a mixture, and mixing the mixture with water in a volume ratio of 1:5 to form a lichen symbiont suspension.

[0063] Polyacrylic acid: weight average molecular weight 5000 g / mol;

[0064] Starch graft copolymer: This mainly refers to starch / polyacrylic acid salt graft polymer. Corn starch is used as the raw material. 5 wt% corn starch is dispersed in water, added to a flask, and heated in a constant temperature water bath at 70°C for 0.5 h for gelatinization. 0.2 wt% potassium persulfate, based on the mass of water, is added to the flask and reacted at a constant temperature of 70°C for 0.5 h. 5 wt% polyacrylic acid, based on the mass of water, is added dropwise to the flask and reacted at a constant temperature of 70°C for 2 h. Finally, the product is soaked in ethanol for 6 h and vacuum dried to obtain the product.

[0065] Polyacrylamide: 6 million g / mol;

[0066] Polyethylene glycol: 800 g / mol.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] This embodiment provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0069] Humic acid aggregates

[0070] S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, attapulgite, calcium phosphate, and diatomaceous earth, wherein, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite is 5 wt %, the mass of the calcium phosphate is 4 wt %, and the mass of the diatomaceous earth is 3 wt %, and then conducting a mineralization reaction. The mineralization process is assisted by ultrasound at a frequency of 40 kHz, 10 minutes per hour, a mineralization temperature of 40° C., and a time of 5 days to obtain a nutrient carrier;

[0071] S2, spraying carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel onto the nutrient carrier, with the mass of the hydrogel being 2 wt % based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, and letting it stand for 5 h to obtain humic acid aggregates;

[0072] Nutritional pot

[0073] Preparation of controlled-release bacteria granules: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, water, and trehalose were mixed to obtain a suspension. The content of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was 10% by volume of the suspension. 9 CFU / mL; based on the mass of the suspension, the mass of trehalose is 5wt%, the suspension is mixed with a sodium alginate aqueous solution (based on the mass of the sodium alginate aqueous solution, the mass of sodium alginate is 2wt%) to obtain a mixed solution, the volume ratio of the suspension to the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 1:1, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes. A calcium chloride solution (based on the mass of the calcium chloride solution, the mass of calcium chloride is 1.5wt%) is added dropwise, the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the calcium chloride solution is 20:1, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 30 minutes to solidify to obtain microspheres, and the microspheres are immersed in a chitosan solution (based on the mass of the chitosan acetic acid solution, the mass of the chitosan is 0.5wt%) for 30 minutes and dried to obtain bacterial controlled-release particles;

[0074] Preparation of a mesh fiber skeleton: Willow branches were used as raw materials. Steam explosion conditions included a raw material to water ratio of 100:10, a blasting pressure of 1.5 MPa, and a blasting time of 120 seconds. The porosity of the resulting mesh fiber skeleton was 80% after weaving the steam-exploded willow branches.

[0075] Preparation of bowl: Spray the biocrust suspension onto the outer surface of the mesh fiber skeleton. The mass of the biocrust is 0.2 g / cm based on the area of the mesh fiber skeleton. 2 , obtain a bowl body, the diameter of the bowl body is 20 cm, and the height is 20 cm;

[0076] Prepare the filling: Mix the bacterial controlled-release granules, starch graft copolymer, humic acid aggregates, and soil in a mass ratio of 1:10:300:600, and add the mixture to a pot to obtain a filling; the volume of the filling is 80% of the volume of the pot;

[0077] Place the filling into the pot body to obtain a nutrient pot.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] This embodiment provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0080] Humic acid aggregates

[0081] S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, attapulgite, calcium phosphate, and diatomaceous earth, wherein, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite is 3 wt%, the mass of the calcium phosphate is 2 wt%, and the mass of the diatomaceous earth is 1 wt%, and then conducting a mineralization reaction. The mineralization process is assisted by ultrasound at a frequency of 40 kHz, for 5 minutes per hour, and the mineralization reaction is conducted at a temperature of 30° C. for 2 days to obtain a nutrient carrier;

[0082] S2, spraying carboxymethyl cellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel onto the nutrient carrier, with the mass of the hydrogel being 5 wt % based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, and letting it stand for 2 h to obtain humic acid aggregates;

[0083] Nutritional pot

[0084] Preparation of controlled-release bacterial granules: Bacillus, water, and trehalose were mixed to obtain a suspension. The content of Bacillus was 10% by volume of the suspension. 8CFU / mL; based on the mass of the suspension, the mass of trehalose is 2wt%, the suspension is mixed with a sodium alginate aqueous solution (based on the mass of the sodium alginate aqueous solution, the mass of sodium alginate is 3wt%) to obtain a mixed solution, the volume ratio of the suspension to the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 1:2, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes. A calcium chloride solution (based on the mass of the calcium chloride solution, the mass of calcium chloride is 2wt%) is added dropwise, the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the calcium chloride solution is 30:1, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 30 minutes to solidify to obtain microspheres, which are then immersed in a chitosan solution (based on the mass of the chitosan acetic acid solution, the mass of the chitosan is 1wt%) for 20 minutes and dried to obtain bacterial controlled-release particles;

[0085] Preparation of a reticular fiber skeleton: The pruning shrubs were used as raw materials. The steam explosion conditions included a raw material to water mass ratio of 100:20, a blasting pressure of 1 MPa, and a blasting time of 60 seconds. The porosity of the reticular fiber skeleton obtained by weaving the steam-exploded pruning shrubs was 90%.

[0086] Preparation of bowl: Spray the biocrust suspension onto the outer surface of the mesh fiber skeleton. The mass of the biocrust is 0.1 g / cm based on the area of the mesh fiber skeleton. 2 , obtain a bowl body, the diameter of the bowl body is 15 cm and the height is 20 cm;

[0087] Prepare the filling material: Mix the bacterial controlled-release granules, polyacrylamide, humic acid aggregates, and soil in a mass ratio of 1:10:500:1200, and add the mixture to the pot to obtain a filling material; the volume of the filling material is 70% of the volume of the pot;

[0088] Place the filling into the pot body to obtain a nutrient pot.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] This embodiment provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0091] The method of Example 1 is the same, except that in step S1, the humic acid precursor, zeolite, calcium phosphate and fly ash are mixed, wherein, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the zeolite is 5 wt%, the mass of the calcium phosphate is 4 wt% and the mass of the fly ash is 3 wt%.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] This embodiment provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0094] The method of Example 1 is the same, except that in step S1, the humic acid precursor, attapulgite, calcium phosphate and diatomaceous earth are mixed, wherein, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite is 2 wt%, the mass of the calcium phosphate is 1 wt%, and the mass of the diatomaceous earth is 1 wt%.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] This embodiment provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0097] The method of Example 1 is the same, except that in step S1, the mineralization temperature is 50° C. and the time is 1.5 days.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] This comparative example provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0100] The method of Example 3 was followed, except that the humic acid precursor, attapulgite and diatomaceous earth were mixed, wherein, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite was 5 wt % and the mass of the diatomaceous earth was 3 wt %. The mass of the humic acid precursor in this comparative example was the same as that in Example 3.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] This comparative example provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0103] The method of Example 3 was followed, except that the humic acid precursor, attapulgite and calcium phosphate were mixed, wherein, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the attapulgite was 5 wt % and the mass of the calcium phosphate was 2 wt %. The mass of the humic acid precursor in this comparative example was the same as that in Example 3.

[0104] Comparative Example 3

[0105] This comparative example provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0106] The method of Example 3 is followed, except that in step S2, the methylcellulose-polyethyleneimine hydrogel is replaced with polyethylene glycol.

[0107] Comparative Example 4

[0108] This comparative example provides a nutrient pot, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0109] The method of Example 3 is different in that, in step S1, no mineralization reaction is performed.

[0110] Test Case

[0111] Planting instructions: Dig a 20cm deep and 25cm diameter hole in the desertified soil. Place the nutrient pot in the hole and use the soil from the excavation to fill the gap between the nutrient pot and the surrounding soil. Compact the soil, leaving the top surface of the nutrient pot uncovered. Slowly water the nutrient pot with 1L of water to allow it to fully absorb the water. Sow grass seeds on the watered nutrient pot. The grass seeds should be a 1:1 ratio of ryegrass and bermudagrass. Sow a total of 1000 seeds.

[0112] Water retention capacity test method: 60 days after planting in the nutrient pot, take the filling at the middle height of the nutrient pot (i.e. the filling at a height of 10 cm) and measure the moisture content, which is expressed in %.

[0113] Fertilizer retention capacity test method: 60 days after planting in the nutrient pot, take the surface filling of the nutrient pot (the filling at a height of 5 cm) and measure the total nutrients (the determination method refers to the standard CJ / T 221-2023). The total nutrients are the sum of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents.

[0114] Plant rooting test method: The proportion of seed germination is defined as the plant rooting rate. The specific method is to measure the ratio of the number of grass plants grown to the total number of seeds sown 30 days after planting in the nutrient pot, and express it in %.

[0115] Plant fresh weight test method: The fresh weight of plants is expressed as the weight of the aboveground part of the plants just harvested. The specific method is as follows: 60 days after planting in the nutrient pot, cut the aboveground part of the plants with scissors, and the cutting position is 1 cm from the ground surface. All plants in the nutrient pot are cut off. All the cut plants are collected and rinsed with water to remove surface dust to ensure the reliability of the results. Then, the surface water is absorbed with filter paper, and the total mass of the plants harvested in the nutrient pot is weighed using a balance.

[0116] During the experiment, rainfall was simulated and 0.32 L of water was poured into each nutrient pot every 5 days.

[0117] The specific test results are shown in Table 1;

[0118] Table 1 Properties and plant growth of the nutrient pots of Examples and Comparative Examples

[0119]

[0120] Note: Moss growth is more > more > less.

[0121] Comparing Example 3 with Comparative Examples 1-3, it can be seen that the soil conditioner and the carrier have a synergistic effect, which can together improve the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the nutrient pot, which is beneficial to plant rooting and growth.

[0122] Comparing Example 3 with Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the mineralization reaction in Example 3 can further improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the nutrient pot and promote plant rooting compared with Comparative Example 4.

[0123] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nutrient pot, characterized in that: The nutrient bowl comprises a bowl body and a filler filled in the bowl body; The bowl body comprises a reticular fiber skeleton and a biological crust, wherein the reticular fiber skeleton has a cavity for accommodating the filler, and the biological crust is coated on the outer surface of the reticular fiber skeleton to obtain the bowl body; The filler includes bacterial controlled-release particles, water-retaining agent, humic acid aggregates and soil; The preparation method of the humic acid aggregates comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a humic acid precursor, a soil conditioner, and a carrier to conduct a mineralization reaction to obtain a nutrient carrier; S2, using hydrogel to coat the nutrient carrier to obtain humic acid aggregates; The conditions of the mineralization reaction include: the mineralization reaction temperature is 25-50°C and the time is 1-7 days; The mass ratio of the bacterial controlled-release particles, the water-retaining agent, the humic acid aggregates and the soil is 1:(2-20):(100-500):(500-1500).

2. The nutritional bowl according to claim 1, wherein The soil conditioner includes a phosphorus-containing substance; and, the carrier comprises at least one of attapulgite, zeolite, perlite, diatomaceous earth, fly ash, and bentonite; and, based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 1-5wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 3-10wt%; And, based on the mass of the nutrient carrier, the mass of the hydrogel is 2-5wt%.

3. The nutritional bowl according to claim 2, wherein Based on the mass of the humic acid precursor, the mass of the soil conditioner is 2-4 wt%, and the mass of the carrier is 4-8 wt%.

4. The nutritional bowl according to claim 1, wherein The conditions of the mineralization reaction include: the mineralization reaction temperature is 30-40° C., and the reaction time is 2-5 days.

5. The nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the bacterial controlled-release particles, the water-retaining agent, the humic acid aggregates and the soil is 1:(5-10):(200-400):(600-1200).

6. The nutritional bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that The bacterial controlled-release particles include a shell and contents, wherein the shell includes alginate gel and chitosan, and the contents include soil probiotics.

7. Use of the nutrient pots according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in regreening desert land.

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