Mushroom multi-ditch intelligent seeding device and soil drilling depth regulation and control method
The mushroom multiple furrow intelligent seeding device addresses soil hardness variability by adjusting plow depth, improving yield and quality through responsive soil resistance mechanisms.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510529420.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing mushroom multi-ditch planting device is difficult to reasonably adjust the mycelium planting depth under different soil softness and hardness, which leads to difficulty or dumping of mycelium mushrooms, affecting yield and quality.
A mushroom multi-ditch intelligent seeding device is designed, using a plowing knife and a mixing rod to adjust the depth of the cutter head through soil resistance, combined with limiting parts and elastic parts, and automatically adjust the mycelium planting depth to adapt to the softness and hardness of the soil.
It has achieved automatic adjustment of the mycelium planting depth according to the soil softness and hardness, reducing the difficulty of mushroom production, and improving the yield and quality of mushroom planting.
Smart Images
Figure CN120304246A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a multi-gutter intelligent sowing device for mushrooms and a method for regulating the drilling depth into the soil. Background Art
[0002] Multi-gutter planting of mushrooms is a method of cultivating mushrooms using gutters. Most traditional planting methods use manual sowing, but manual sowing is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. With the continuous optimization of sowing technology, traditional sowing methods have gradually been replaced. Now, most automatic sowing is carried out through sowing devices. Automatic sowing can not only save labor, but also improve efficiency and reduce costs. Compared with manual sowing, the degree of automation and intelligence of automatic sowing has been significantly improved.
[0003] In order to ensure the yield and quality of planting, the planting depth of mycelium should be within the standard range during planting. When the existing multi-gutter planting device for mushrooms plants mushrooms, the mycelium is usually planted at a fixed depth. However, due to the different hardness of different soils, when the mycelium is planted in harder soil, it is difficult for the mycelium to produce mushrooms, and when the mycelium is planted in softer soil, it is easy to fall after mushroom production, affecting the yield and quality of planting. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention provides a multi-gutter intelligent sowing device for mushrooms and a method for regulating the drilling depth into the soil to solve the problem that the existing planting device cannot reasonably adjust the drilling depth according to the hardness of the soil when planting mushrooms.
[0005] The present invention provides a multi-gutter intelligent sowing device for mushrooms, adopting the following technical scheme: A multi-gutter intelligent sowing device for mushrooms, used for opening gutters on the soil surface and sowing mycelium, includes a housing, a stirring rod and a plowing knife; the housing is arranged vertically, and the setting direction of the housing is called the first direction. The housing can move along the second direction, and the second direction is the horizontal direction; a sleeve is fixedly arranged inside the housing. The upper end of the sleeve is provided with a feeding port, and the lower end is provided with a discharging port; the stirring rod is arranged along the third direction and is rotatably installed in the sleeve around its own axis. The third direction is the horizontal direction perpendicular to the second direction; the plowing knife is installed on the housing. The plowing knife and the discharging port are arranged in sequence in the second direction. The plowing knife includes an adjusting plate and a plurality of knife heads. The adjusting plate is rotatably installed in the housing around the third direction. The adjusting plate is connected to the housing through a first elastic member. The first elastic member is arranged along the second direction. A plurality of knife heads are arranged in sequence along the third direction at the lower end of the adjusting plate and are connected by a connecting rod. The connecting rod is arranged along the third direction and is rotationally matched with the adjusting plate; the knife head is connected to the sleeve through a limiting member. The limiting member can limit the rotation of the knife head around the third direction and allow the knife head to move up and down. In the initial state, both the adjusting plate and the knife head are in the vertical state and the knife head is inserted into the soil.
[0006] Further, the limiting member includes a limiting rod. The limiting rod is arranged along the second direction. One end of the limiting rod close to the housing in the second direction is slidably engaged with the housing, and one end of the limiting rod close to the tool head in the second direction is keyed to the tool head keyway.
[0007] Further, hubs are respectively arranged at both ends of the outer shell along the third direction. Both hubs are arranged along the third direction and are coaxial. Both ends of the stirring rod are fixedly connected to the two hubs respectively.
[0008] Further, a plurality of discharge ports are provided. The plurality of discharge ports are arranged in sequence along the third direction. The discharge ports are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the tool heads, and the discharge ports and the tool heads corresponding thereto are arranged side by side in the second direction.
[0009] Further, a blanking cylinder is arranged at the lower end of each discharge port. The blanking cylinder is arranged along the first direction and is vertically through. A driving wheel and a driven wheel are arranged in each blanking cylinder; both the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged along the third direction and can rotate around their own axes, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged side by side in the second direction, and an extrusion space is defined between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.
[0010] Further, the stirring rod includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of stirring blades. The rotating shaft is arranged along the third direction and can rotate around its own axis. The plurality of stirring blades are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft; a first belt pulley is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the first belt pulley is located at the end of the rotating shaft. A second belt pulley is rotatably arranged on the outer shell. The second belt pulley is arranged along the third direction. The second belt pulley is connected to the first belt pulley through a first transmission belt. A first rotating wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second belt pulley. A second rotating wheel is rotatably arranged on the blanking cylinder adjacent to the first rotating wheel in the third direction. The second rotating wheel is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the driving wheel in the blanking cylinder. The second rotating wheel is connected to the first rotating wheel through a second transmission belt; the plurality of driving wheels arranged in sequence in the third direction are connected by a synchronizing shaft. A driving gear and a driven gear are rotatably arranged on each blanking cylinder. The driving gears are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driving wheels, and the driven gears are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driven wheels. The driving gear corresponding to the driving wheel is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the driving wheel, and the driven gear corresponding to the driven wheel is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the driven wheel, and the driving gear and the driven gear on the same blanking cylinder are meshed.
[0011] Further, the two side walls of the outer shell along the second direction are respectively called the first side wall and the second side wall. The first elastic member is arranged between the adjusting plate and the first side wall; a speed regulating member is also arranged between the adjusting plate and the first side wall. Rotating the adjusting plate around the third direction away from the first side wall is called the forward rotation of the adjusting plate, and rotating the adjusting plate around the third direction close to the first side wall is called the reverse rotation of the adjusting plate. The speed regulating member can make the forward rotation speed of the adjusting plate less than the reverse rotation speed of the adjusting plate.
[0012] Further, the speed regulating member includes a piston rod and a sleeve. Both the piston rod and the sleeve are arranged along the second direction. The sleeve is filled with hydraulic fluid. The piston rod is slidably sealed with the sleeve and defines a first chamber and a second chamber within the sleeve. And the first chamber is located on the side of the second chamber closer to the first side wall in the second direction. The piston rod is provided with a blocking hole and a through hole. The through hole communicates the first chamber and the second chamber. The blocking hole is a one-way hole that allows the hydraulic fluid to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber and restricts the hydraulic fluid from flowing from the second chamber to the first chamber.
[0013] Further, a chute is provided at one end of the limiting rod close to the cutter head in the second direction. The chute is arranged along the first direction. A slider is provided on the cutter head, and the slider is slidably matched with the chute.
[0014] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the drilling depth into the soil. Using the above-mentioned mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device, it includes the following steps:
[0015] S1. Drive the housing to move along the second direction on the soil surface. The movement of the housing will drive the plowing knife to move synchronously, and a gutter is opened on the soil surface. At the same time, drive the stirring rod to rotate around its own axis.
[0016] S2. The soil resistance causes the adjusting plate of the plowing knife to rotate relative to the connecting rod around the third direction.
[0017] S3. The rotation of the adjusting plate around the third direction causes the first elastic member to generate elastic deformation and enables the cutter head to move up and down relative to the limiting member.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device of the present invention, by setting the stirring rod and the plowing knife, during seeding, first put the mycelium into the sleeve from the feeding port, and then drive the housing to move along the second direction on the soil surface. The movement of the housing will drive the plowing knife to move synchronously, and a gutter is opened on the soil surface. And the cutter head of the plowing knife will be subjected to the soil resistance. Under the limitation of the limiting member, the soil resistance causes the adjusting plate to rotate relative to the cutter head around the third direction, and enables the cutter head to move up and down relative to the limiting member, thereby adjusting the depth of the cutter head inserted into the soil and changing the planting depth of the mycelium. And because the resistance of different soils is different, the degree of rotation of the adjusting plate around the third direction is also different. For relatively hard soil, the amount of movement of the cutter head away from the soil side caused by the rotation of the adjusting plate is relatively large, so that the relatively hard soil plants the mycelium slightly shallower, which helps to reduce the difficulty of mycelium fruiting. On the contrary, for relatively soft soil, the amount of movement of the cutter head away from the soil side caused by the rotation of the adjusting plate is relatively small, so that the relatively soft soil plants the mycelium slightly deeper, which helps to prevent the mycelium from toppling after fruiting and improves the yield and quality of mushroom planting. Description of the Drawings
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 Front view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 For Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along A-A in
[0023] Figure 4 For Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along B-B in
[0024] Figure 5 For Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along C-C in
[0025] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Enlarged view at D in
[0027] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device of the present invention from another perspective;
[0028] Figure 9 For Figure 8 Enlarged view at E in
[0029] Figure 10 Exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 11 For Figure 10 Enlarged view at F in
[0031] In the figure: 100, outer shell; 101, first side wall; 102, second side wall; 103, second pulley; 104, first transmission belt; 105, first runner; 106, second runner; 107, second transmission belt; 108, adjusting block; 109, second elastic member; 110, housing; 111, feed inlet; 112, discharge outlet; 113, blanking cylinder; 114, driving wheel; 115, driven wheel; 116, synchronizing shaft; 120, connecting frame; 130, hub; 200, stirring rod; 210, first pulley; 300, plowing knife; 310, adjusting plate; 320, cutter head; 330, first elastic member; 340, connecting rod; 350, limiting rod; 351, first rod; 352, second rod; 360, speed regulating member; 361, piston rod; 362, sleeve; 363, blocking hole; 364, through hole; 365, baffle plate. Detailed implementation manners
[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0033] An embodiment of a multi-channel intelligent mushroom seeding device provided by the present invention is as Figures 1 to 11 shown.
[0034] A multi-channel intelligent mushroom seeding device for opening channels on the soil surface and sowing mycelium includes an outer shell 100, a stirring rod 200 and a plowing knife 300. The outer shell 100 is arranged in the vertical direction. The setting direction of the outer shell 100 is called the first direction. The upper and lower ends of the outer shell 100 are through. The outer shell 100 can move along the second direction, and the second direction is the horizontal direction. A housing 110 is fixedly arranged inside the outer shell 100, and the housing 110 and the outer shell 100 are integrally formed structures. The upper end of the housing 110 is provided with a feed inlet 111, and the lower end is provided with a discharge outlet 112. The stirring rod 200 is arranged in the third direction and is rotatably mounted in the housing 110 about its own axis. The third direction is the horizontal direction perpendicular to the second direction.
[0035] The plowing blade 300 is installed on the housing 100, and the plowing blade 300 and the discharge port 112 are arranged in sequence in the second direction. The plowing blade 300 includes an adjusting plate 310 and a plurality of cutter heads 320. The adjusting plate 310 is rotatably installed in the housing 100 around the third direction. The adjusting plate 310 is connected to the housing 100 through a first elastic member 330. The first elastic member 330 is arranged along the second direction, and the first elastic member 330 is a spring. The plurality of cutter heads 320 are arranged in sequence along the third direction at the lower end of the adjusting plate 310 and are connected by a connecting rod 340. The connecting rod 340 is arranged along the third direction and is rotatably matched with the adjusting plate 310. The cutter head 320 is connected to the sleeve 110 through a limiting member. The limiting member can limit the rotation of the cutter head 320 around the third direction and allow the cutter head 320 to move up and down. In the initial state, both the adjusting plate 310 and the cutter head 320 are in a vertical state and the cutter head 320 is inserted into the soil.
[0036] Specifically, the cutter head 320 is located on the side of the discharge port 112 close to the soil in the first direction, so that when the cutter head 320 is inserted into the soil, the discharge port 112 does not contact the soil.
[0037] A connecting frame 120 is arranged on the housing 100. The connecting frame 120 is externally connected to a towing cart, and the towing cart is used to drive the housing 100 to move in the second direction.
[0038] In this embodiment, by setting the stirring rod 200 and the plowing blade 300, when sowing, first put the mycelium into the sleeve 110 from the feed port 111, and then move the housing 100 along the second direction on the soil surface. Refer to Figure 4 As shown, when the housing 100 moves from left to right, the movement of the housing 100 will drive the plowing blade 300 to move synchronously, open a ditch on the soil surface, and disperse the mycelium by driving the stirring rod 200 to rotate. The mycelium dispersed by the stirring rod 200 will fall into the ditch from the discharge port 112.
[0039] Moreover, the cutter head 320 of the plowing blade 300 will be subject to the resistance of the soil. The soil resistance will tend to cause the connecting rod 340 connecting the plurality of cutter heads 320 to rotate around the third direction. However, due to the limitation of the limiting member, the cutter head 320 will continue to maintain a vertical state and cause the adjusting plate 310 to rotate around the third direction under the action of the soil resistance, stretching the first elastic member 330. That is, the adjusting plate 310 will rotate around the third direction relative to the connecting rod 340, and the rotation of the adjusting plate 310 will change the height of the end connected to the connecting rod 340 in the vertical direction, so that the cutter head 320 can move up and down relative to the limiting member, adjust the depth of the cutter head 320 inserted into the soil, and change the planting depth of the mycelium.
[0040] Due to the different resistances of different soils, the degree of rotation of the adjusting plate 310 around the third direction is also different. That is, within the standard range of the sowing depth, for relatively hard soils, the resistance received by the cutter head 320 is relatively large, and the rotation amplitude of the adjusting plate 310 is also relatively large. Then, the amount of movement of the adjusting plate 310 to promote the cutter head 320 to move away from the soil side is relatively large, making the relatively hard soil plant the mycelium slightly shallower, which helps to reduce the difficulty of mushroom fruiting of the mycelium. On the contrary, for relatively soft soils, the resistance received by the cutter head 320 is relatively small, and the rotation amplitude of the adjusting plate 310 is also relatively small. Then, the amount of movement of the adjusting plate 310 to promote the cutter head 320 to move away from the soil side is relatively small, making the relatively soft soil plant the mycelium slightly deeper, which helps to prevent the mycelium from toppling after fruiting. Within the standard range of the planting depth, the drilling depth of the cutter head 320 is adjusted according to the hardness of the soil, improving the mushroom fruiting situation of the mycelium and increasing the yield and quality of mushroom planting.
[0041] In a further embodiment, the limiting member includes a limiting rod 350. The limiting rod 350 is arranged along the second direction, and one end of the limiting rod 350 close to the housing 110 in the second direction is slidably engaged with the housing 110. One end of the limiting rod 350 close to the cutter head 320 in the second direction is keyway-engaged with the cutter head 320.
[0042] Specifically, a chute is formed at one end of the limiting rod 350 close to the cutter head 320 in the second direction. The chute is arranged along the first direction. A slider is arranged on the cutter head 320, and the slider is slidably engaged with the chute, so that the limiting rod 350 can limit the rotation of the cutter head 320 around the third direction and allow the cutter head 320 to move up and down.
[0043] The limiting rod 350 includes a first rod 351 and a second rod 352. The first rod 351 and the second rod 352 are arranged in sequence and fixedly connected in the second direction. The first rod 351 and the second rod 352 are of an integrally formed structure. The first rod 351 is of a U-shaped structure and is slidably engaged with the housing 110. The slider is mounted on the second rod 352.
[0044] By providing the limiting rod 350, when the resistance of the soil causes the adjusting plate 310 to rotate around the third direction and the cutter head 320 moves upward relative to the limiting rod 350, the first rod 351 of the limiting rod 350 will further slide into the housing 110 to make way for the cutter head 320.
[0045] In a further embodiment, within the standard range of the mycelium planting depth, the maximum value of the mycelium planting depth is called L1, the minimum value of the mycelium planting depth is called L2, the dimension of the slider in the first direction is called L, and L ≤ the absolute value of L1 - L2.
[0046] During sowing, the planting depth of the hyphal planting should be maintained between L1 and L2. When the cutting head 320 is at the maximum value L1 of the hyphal planting depth in the initial state, the allowable upward movement height of the cutting head 320 is the absolute value of L1 - L2. Therefore, the maximum height of the slider sliding in the chute is also the absolute value of L1 - L2. By limiting the height of the slider, it is prevented that the cutting head 320 moves beyond the standard range of the hyphal planting depth.
[0047] In a further embodiment, hubs 130 are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing 100 in the third direction. Both of the two hubs 130 are arranged along the third direction and are coaxial. Both ends of the stirring rod 200 are fixedly connected to the two hubs 130 respectively.
[0048] Specifically, the stirring rod 200 includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of stirring blades. The rotating shaft is arranged along the third direction and can rotate around its own axis. The plurality of stirring blades are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. Four stirring blades are provided. Both ends of the rotating shaft sequentially pass through the sleeve 110 and the housing 100 in the third direction and are fixedly connected to the adjacent hub 130 in the third direction.
[0049] When the housing 100 moves in the second direction, the housing 100 will drive the two hubs 130 to rotate. The rotation of the two hubs 130 will drive the stirring rod 200 to rotate self - and break up the hyphae.
[0050] In a further embodiment, the two side walls of the housing 100 in the second direction are respectively called the first side wall 101 and the second side wall 102. The plowing knife 300 is on the side close to the first side wall 101 in the second direction. The first elastic member 330 is arranged between the adjusting plate 310 and the first side wall 101.
[0051] A speed - regulating member 360 is also arranged between the adjusting plate 310 and the first side wall 101. The first elastic member 330 is sleeved with the speed - regulating member 360. The rotation of the adjusting plate 310 around the third direction away from the first side wall 101 is called the forward rotation of the adjusting plate 310, and the rotation of the adjusting plate 310 around the third direction towards the first side wall 101 is called the reverse rotation of the adjusting plate 310. The speed - regulating member 360 can make the forward rotation speed of the adjusting plate 310 less than the reverse rotation speed of the adjusting plate 310.
[0052] Specifically, the speed regulating member 360 includes a piston rod 361 and a sleeve 362. The piston rod 361 and the sleeve 362 are both arranged along the second direction. The sleeve 362 is filled with hydraulic fluid. The piston rod 361 is slidably sealed with the sleeve 362 and defines a first chamber and a second chamber within the sleeve 362. The first chamber is located on the side of the second chamber closer to the first side wall 101 in the second direction. The piston rod 361 is provided with a blocking hole 363 and a through hole 364. Both the blocking hole 363 and the through hole 364 are arranged along the second direction and are circular holes. The through hole 364 communicates the first chamber and the second chamber. The blocking hole 363 is a one-way hole. The blocking hole 363 allows the hydraulic fluid to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber and restricts the hydraulic fluid from flowing from the second chamber to the first chamber.
[0053] A plurality of baffles 365 are arranged in the blocking hole 363. The baffles 365 are sector plates and are elastic. The plurality of baffles 365 are evenly distributed around the second direction within the blocking hole 363, and the plurality of baffles 365 can be spliced into a circle, so that the plurality of baffles 365 can block the blocking hole 363. The two ends of the baffle 365 in the radial direction of the blocking hole 363 are respectively referred to as the inner end and the outer end. The inner end is located on the side of the outer end closer to the central axis of the blocking hole 363 in the radial direction of the blocking hole 363. In the initial state, the inner end is located on the side of the outer end away from the first side wall 101 in the second direction.
[0054] During sowing, the first side wall 101 is oriented towards the soil to be sown. When the plowing blade 300 is subjected to resistance from the soil and causes the adjusting plate 310 to rotate around the third direction, the adjusting plate 310 will rotate away from the first side wall 101, that is, the adjusting plate 310 rotates forward, stretching the first elastic member 330. At this time, the piston rod 361 and the sleeve 362 move away from each other in the second direction, reducing the volume of the second chamber and increasing the volume of the first chamber. The hydraulic fluid in the second chamber enters the first chamber through the through hole 364. However, when the hydraulic fluid comes to the blocking hole 363 from the second chamber, the impact of the hydraulic fluid will cause the inner ends of the plurality of baffles 365 in the blocking hole 363 to approach each other, thereby restricting the hydraulic fluid from entering the first chamber through the blocking hole 363. On the contrary, after the resistance of the soil decreases or disappears, the first elastic member 330 resets and causes the adjusting plate 310 to rotate around the third direction towards the first side wall 101, that is, the adjusting plate 310 rotates reversely. At this time, the piston rod 361 and the sleeve 362 approach each other in the second direction, increasing the volume of the second chamber and decreasing the volume of the first chamber. The hydraulic fluid in the first chamber enters the second chamber through the through hole 364. And when the hydraulic fluid comes to the blocking hole 363 from the first chamber, the impact of the hydraulic fluid will cause the inner ends of the plurality of baffles 365 in the blocking hole 363 to move away from each other, opening the blocking hole 363, enabling the hydraulic fluid to enter the second chamber through the blocking hole 363, and making the forward rotation speed of the adjusting plate 310 less than the reverse rotation speed of the adjusting plate 310.
[0055] That is, by making the forward rotation speed of the adjusting plate 310 less than the reverse rotation speed of the adjusting plate 310, the normal reset of the adjusting plate 310 will not be affected. And when the adjusting plate 310 rotates under the resistance from the soil, it will not quickly respond and adjust due to a sudden increase in the soil resistance, but needs to rotate under a continuous and stable resistance. This setting can prevent the hard substances in the soil from interfering with the normal adjustment of the adjusting plate 310 driving the cutter head 320 when the cutter head 320 encounters hard substances in the soil.
[0056] Furthermore, a plurality of first elastic members 330 and speed regulating members 360 are provided. The plurality of first elastic members 330 and the plurality of speed regulating members 360 are sequentially arranged in the third direction. The first elastic members 330 and the speed regulating members 360 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and each first elastic member 330 is sleeved with the corresponding speed regulating member 360.
[0057] In a further embodiment, a plurality of discharge ports 112 are provided. The plurality of discharge ports 112 are sequentially arranged in the third direction. The discharge ports 112 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the cutter heads 320, and the discharge ports 112 and the corresponding cutter heads 320 are arranged side by side in the second direction.
[0058] When the housing 100 moves along the second direction, the cutter heads 320 will dig trenches on the soil surface. By arranging the discharge ports 112 in one-to-one correspondence with the cutter heads 320, it is ensured that the mycelium falling from each discharge port 112 can fall into the trenches dug by the corresponding cutter heads 320.
[0059] In a further embodiment, a blanking cylinder 113 is fixedly provided at the lower end of each discharge port 112. The blanking cylinder 113 is arranged along the first direction and is vertically through. A driving wheel 114 and a driven wheel 115 are arranged in each blanking cylinder 113. The driving wheel 114 and the driven wheel 115 are both arranged along the third direction and can rotate around their own axes, and the driving wheel 114 and the driven wheel 115 are arranged side by side in the second direction, and an extrusion space is defined between the driving wheel 114 and the driven wheel 115.
[0060] Specifically, a first belt pulley 210 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the stirring rod 200, and the first belt pulley 210 is located at the end of the rotating shaft. A second belt pulley 103 is rotatably provided on the housing 100. The second belt pulley 103 is arranged along the third direction, and the second belt pulley 103 is connected to the first belt pulley 210 through a first transmission belt 104. When the stirring rod 200 rotates, the first belt pulley 210 will drive the second belt pulley 103 to rotate through the first transmission belt 104.
[0061] A first runner 105 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second pulley 103, enabling the first runner 105 to rotate with the second pulley 103. A second runner 106 is rotatably arranged on the blanking cylinder 113 adjacent to the first runner 105 in the third direction. The second runner 106 is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the driving wheel 114 inside the blanking cylinder 113. The second runner 106 is connected to the first runner 105 by a second transmission belt 107. When the first runner 105 rotates, the first runner 105 will drive the second runner 106 to rotate through the second transmission belt 107, and the rotation of the second runner 106 will drive the driving wheel 114 connected thereto to rotate. A plurality of driving wheels 114 arranged in sequence in the third direction are connected by a synchronizing shaft 116, enabling the plurality of driving wheels 114 arranged in sequence in the third direction to rotate synchronously. A driving gear and a driven gear are rotatably arranged on each blanking cylinder 113. The driving gears are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driving wheels 114, and the driven gears are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driven wheels 115. The driving gear is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the corresponding driving wheel 114, and the driven gear is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected to the corresponding driven wheel 115. When the driving wheel 114 rotates, the driving wheel 114 will drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear will drive the driven wheel 115 to rotate through the driven gear. And the driving gear and the driven gear on the same blanking cylinder 113 are meshed with each other.
[0062] During sowing, the movement of the housing 100 drives the hub 130 to rotate, and the rotation of the hub 130 drives the stirring rod 200 to rotate. When the stirring rod 200 rotates, the first pulley 210 will drive the second pulley 103 to rotate through the first transmission belt 104. The rotation of the second pulley 103 will drive the first runner 105 to rotate. When the first runner 105 rotates, the first runner 105 will drive the second runner 106 to rotate through the second transmission belt 107. The rotation of the second runner 106 will drive the driving wheel 114 connected thereto to rotate. Since a plurality of driving wheels 114 arranged in sequence in the third direction are connected by a synchronizing shaft 116, the plurality of driving wheels 114 arranged in sequence in the third direction can rotate synchronously. And when the driving wheel 114 rotates, the driving wheel 114 will drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear will drive the driven wheel 115 to rotate through the driven gear. Finally, the driving wheels 114 and the driven wheels 115 in each blanking cylinder 113 can rotate, squeezing the mycelium passing through the extrusion space, so that the mycelium falls into the ditch in the form of flakes, improving the uniformity of sowing.
[0063] Combined with the above embodiments, the specific working process is as follows:
[0064] During sowing, first put the mycelium into the casing 110 from the feeding port 111, and then move the outer shell 100 along the second direction on the soil surface to form a trench on the soil surface. The movement of the outer shell 100 will drive the rotation of the two hubs 130, and the rotation of the two hubs 130 will drive the self-rotation of the stirring rod 200 to break up the mycelium.
[0065] When the stirring rod 200 rotates, the first pulley 210 will drive the second pulley 103 to rotate through the first transmission belt 104. The rotation of the second pulley 103 will drive the rotation of the first runner 105. When the first runner 105 rotates, the first runner 105 will drive the second runner 106 to rotate through the second transmission belt 107. The rotation of the second runner 106 will drive the rotation of the driving wheel 114 connected thereto. Since a plurality of driving wheels 114 arranged in sequence in the third direction are connected by a synchronizing shaft 116, a plurality of driving wheels 114 arranged in sequence in the third direction can rotate synchronously. And when the driving wheel 114 rotates, the driving wheel 114 will drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear will drive the driven wheel 115 to rotate through the driven gear, finally enabling the driving wheels 114 and the driven wheels 115 in each blanking cylinder 113 to rotate, extruding the mycelium passing through the extrusion space, so that the mycelium falls into the trench in a flaky form, improving the uniformity of sowing.
[0066] Moreover, the cutting head 320 of the plowing knife 300 will be subject to the resistance of the soil, and the soil resistance will tend to cause the connecting rod 340 connecting the plurality of cutting heads 320 to rotate around the third direction. However, due to the limitation of the limiting rod 350, the cutting head 320 will continue to maintain a vertical state, and the adjusting plate 310 will rotate around the third direction under the action of the soil resistance, stretching the first elastic member 330. That is, the adjusting plate 310 will rotate positively around the third direction relative to the connecting rod 340, and the rotation of the adjusting plate 310 will change the height of the end connected to the connecting rod 340 in the vertical direction, thereby enabling the cutting head 320 to move up and down relative to the limiting rod 350, adjusting the depth of insertion of the cutting head 320 into the soil, and changing the planting depth of the mycelium.
[0067] In another possible embodiment, both the first runner 105 and the second runner 106 are frustum-shaped. The large end of the first runner 105 and the small end of the second runner 106 are on the same side in the third direction, and the small end of the first runner 105 and the large end of the second runner 106 are on the same side in the third direction. The movement of the limiting rod 350 in the second direction can increase the diameter of the first runner 105 that rotates in cooperation with the second transmission belt 107 and decrease the diameter of the second runner 106.
[0068] Specifically, the second rod 352 is a damping telescopic rod. An adjusting block 108 is slidably arranged on the second transmission belt 107. The adjusting block 108 is installed on the blanking cylinder 113 through a second elastic member 109. The second elastic member 109 is arranged along the third direction, and the second elastic member 109 is a spring telescopic rod. A wedge block is arranged on the adjusting block 108. An adjusting groove is formed in the limiting rod 350. The adjusting groove is arranged towards the adjusting block 108 along the third direction. The wedge block abuts against the adjusting groove. When the limiting rod 350 moves in the second direction, the adjusting block 108 can move in the third direction and drive the second transmission belt 107 to move synchronously, so that the diameter of the first runner 105 that rotates in cooperation with the second transmission belt 107 increases, and the diameter of the second runner 106 decreases.
[0069] The advantage of this embodiment is that by further setting the first runner 105 and the second runner 106 in a frustum shape, when the hardness of the soil increases, the adjusting plate 310 will further rotate around the third direction towards the side away from the first side wall 101. Since the second rod 352 is a damping telescopic rod. Therefore, when the adjusting plate 310 rotates around the third direction relative to the tool head 320 and makes the tool head 320 move upward relative to the limiting rod 350, due to the sudden rotation of the adjusting plate 310, at this time, the second rod 352 cannot quickly respond and shorten under the limitation of damping, that is, at this time, the second rod 352 hardly moves, and the first rod 351 will move in the second direction towards the side away from the first side wall 101, which is equivalent to the first rod 351 and the second rod 352 being a whole. The movement of the limiting rod 350 will promote the adjusting block 108 to move in the third direction towards the side away from the adjusting groove through the adjusting groove, compress the second elastic member 109, and the movement of the adjusting block 108 will drive the second transmission belt 107 to move synchronously, so that the diameter of the first runner 105 that rotates in cooperation with the second transmission belt 107 increases, and the diameter of the second runner 106 decreases. That is, the second transmission belt 107 moves from the small end to the large end of the first runner 105 and from the large end to the small end of the second runner 106, so that the rotation speed of the second runner 106 increases, and further the rotation speed of the driving wheel 114 driving the driven wheel 115 to rotate increases, improving the falling speed of the mycelium.
[0070] After the tool head 320 is adjusted, under the continuous pulling force of the second elastic member 109, the adjusting block 108 will move and reset in the third direction, drive the second transmission belt 107 to move, so that the falling speed of the mycelium returns to normal, the first rod 351 moves and resets towards the side close to the second rod 352, and promotes the second rod 352 to move and shorten, making up for the displacement difference generated by the reset of the first rod 351.
[0071] This setting is because during the sowing process, if encountering soil with high hardness, the adjusting plate 310 will further rotate under the action of soil resistance and drive the cutter head 320 to move further upward. During the upward movement of the cutter head 320, a certain height difference will be generated between the already sown ditch and the ditch formed during the upward movement of the cutter head 320, and an inclined transition section will be generated with the ditch after the adjustment of the cutter head 320. When the hyphae fall on the transition section, the hyphae will be stretched, resulting in the hyphae being easily broken. Therefore, during the process of the adjusting plate 310 rotating to drive the adjustment of the cutter head 320, increasing the falling speed of the hyphae can prevent the hyphae from being broken.
[0072] The present invention also provides an embodiment of a method for controlling the drilling depth of soil, using the above-mentioned intelligent multi-ditch sowing device for mushrooms, including the following steps:
[0073] S1. Drive the housing 100 to move along the second direction on the soil surface. The movement of the housing 100 will drive the plowing knife 300 to move synchronously, open a ditch on the soil surface, and at the same time drive the stirring rod 200 to rotate around its own axis;
[0074] S2. The soil resistance causes the adjusting plate 310 of the plowing knife 300 to rotate around the third direction relative to the connecting rod 340;
[0075] S3. The rotation of the adjusting plate 310 around the third direction causes the first elastic member 330 to generate elastic deformation, and causes the cutter head 320 to move up and down relative to the limiting member, adjusting the depth of the cutter head 320 inserted into the soil.
[0076] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mushroom multi-channel intelligent sowing device for opening channels on the soil surface and sowing mycelium, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a stirring rod and a plowing knife; the housing is arranged vertically, and the setting direction of the housing is called the first direction, the housing can move along the second direction, and the second direction is the horizontal direction; a sleeve is fixedly arranged inside the housing, a feeding port is opened at the upper end of the sleeve, and a discharging port is opened at the lower end; the stirring rod is arranged along the third direction and is rotatably installed in the sleeve around its own axis, and the third direction is the horizontal direction perpendicular to the second direction; the plowing knife is installed on the housing, the plowing knife and the discharging port are arranged in sequence in the second direction, the plowing knife includes an adjusting plate and a plurality of cutter heads, the adjusting plate is rotatably installed in the housing around the third direction, the adjusting plate is connected to the housing through a first elastic member, the first elastic member is arranged along the second direction, the plurality of cutter heads are arranged in sequence along the third direction at the lower end of the adjusting plate and are connected through a connecting rod, the connecting rod is arranged along the third direction and is rotationally matched with the adjusting plate; the cutter head is connected to the sleeve through a limiting member, the limiting member can limit the rotation of the cutter head around the third direction and allow the cutter head to move up and down, and in the initial state, the adjusting plate and the cutter head are both in the vertical state and the cutter head is inserted into the soil.
2. The intelligent mushroom multi-gutter seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member includes a limiting rod, the limiting rod is arranged along the second direction, the end of the limiting rod close to the sleeve in the second direction is slidably matched with the sleeve, and the end of the limiting rod close to the cutter head in the second direction is keyway-matched with the cutter head.
3. The intelligent mushroom multi-gutter seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wheel hubs are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing along the third direction, both wheel hubs are arranged along the third direction and are coaxial, and both ends of the stirring rod are fixedly connected to the two wheel hubs.
4. A kind of intelligent sowing device for mushrooms with multiple ditches according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of discharging ports are arranged, the plurality of discharging ports are arranged in sequence along the third direction, the discharging ports are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the cutter heads, and the discharging port and the corresponding cutter head are arranged side by side in the second direction.
5. The intelligent mushroom multi-gutter seeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A blanking cylinder is arranged at the lower end of each discharging port, the blanking cylinder is arranged along the first direction and is vertically through, and a driving wheel and a driven wheel are arranged in each blanking cylinder; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both arranged along the third direction and can rotate around their own axes, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged side by side in the second direction, and a squeezing space is defined between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.
6. The intelligent mushroom multi-channel sowing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring rod includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of stirring blades. The rotating shaft is arranged along the third direction and can rotate around its own axis. The plurality of stirring blades are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. A first belt pulley is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the first belt pulley is located at the end of the rotating shaft. A second belt pulley is rotatably arranged on the housing. The second belt pulley is arranged along the third direction. The second belt pulley is connected to the first belt pulley through a first transmission belt. A first runner is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second belt pulley. A second runner is rotatably arranged on the blanking cylinder adjacent to the first runner in the third direction. The second runner is coaxially and fixedly connected to the driving wheel in the blanking cylinder. The second runner is connected to the first runner through a second transmission belt. A plurality of driving wheels arranged in sequence in the third direction are connected by a synchronizing shaft. A driving gear and a driven gear are rotatably arranged on each blanking cylinder. The driving gears are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driving wheels, and the driven gears are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driven wheels. The driving gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the corresponding driving wheel, and the driven gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the corresponding driven wheel. The driving gear and the driven gear on the same blanking cylinder are meshed with each other.
7. The intelligent mushroom multi-gutter sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side walls of the housing along the second direction are respectively called the first side wall and the second side wall. The first elastic member is arranged between the adjusting plate and the first side wall. A speed regulating member is also arranged between the adjusting plate and the first side wall. The rotation of the adjusting plate around the third direction away from the first side wall is called the forward rotation of the adjusting plate, and the rotation of the adjusting plate around the third direction close to the first side wall is called the reverse rotation of the adjusting plate. The speed regulating member can make the forward rotation speed of the adjusting plate less than the reverse rotation speed of the adjusting plate.
8. The intelligent mushroom multi-gutter sowing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The speed regulating member includes a piston rod and a sleeve. Both the piston rod and the sleeve are arranged along the second direction. The sleeve is filled with hydraulic oil. The piston rod is slidably sealed with the sleeve and defines a first chamber and a second chamber in the sleeve. The first chamber is located on the side of the second chamber closer to the first side wall in the second direction. The piston rod is provided with a blocking hole and a through hole. The through hole communicates the first chamber and the second chamber. The blocking hole is a one-way hole, which allows the hydraulic oil to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber and restricts the flow of the hydraulic oil from the second chamber to the first chamber.
9. The intelligent mushroom multi-gutter seeding device according to claim 2, wherein: A chute is provided at one end of the limiting rod close to the cutter head in the second direction. The chute is arranged along the first direction. A slider is arranged on the cutter head, and the slider is slidably matched with the chute.
10. A method for controlling the drilling depth into the soil, which uses the mushroom multi-gutter intelligent seeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Drive the housing to move along the second direction on the soil surface. The movement of the housing will drive the plowing knife to move synchronously, and a ditch is opened on the soil surface. At the same time, drive the stirring rod to rotate around its own axis. S2. The soil resistance causes the adjusting plate of the plowing knife to rotate relative to the connecting rod around the third direction. S3. The rotation of the adjusting plate around the third direction causes the first elastic member to generate elastic deformation and makes the cutter head move up and down relative to the limiting member.