Split milling cutter disc

Abstract

The split type milling cutter disc comprises a cutter disc main body and a cutter holder, a mounting groove is formed in the cutter disc main body, the cutter holder is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove through a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism comprises a bidirectional slope pawl arranged in the mounting groove, and the pawl is connected with the cutter disc main body through a spring. The inclined jet flow of the centrifugal spray head is matched with the sharkskin texture of the first spiral groove, so that the coverage area of cooling liquid is increased, the temperature of a cutting area is reduced, the piston pump is matched with the liquid outlet one-way valve to achieve pulse type jet of the cooling liquid, and the negative pressure scrap suction holes outside the cutter head body generate negative pressure during rotation; the cutting chips can be sucked from a machining area, the accelerating section and the flow dividing protrusions at the inlet end enable the cutting chips to be accelerated and dispersed, the chip sucking efficiency is improved, the cutting chips in the machining area are effectively cleaned, interference of the cutting chips to the machining process is reduced, and the machining precision and the surface quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting tools, and particularly to a split milling cutter head. Background Art

[0002] In the field of machining, as the core component of milling machining, the structural design and performance of the milling cutter head directly affect machining efficiency, accuracy and cost. Traditional milling cutter heads mostly adopt an integral structure, which is manufactured by integral forming or welding processes, and the cutter body and the cutter seat are inseparable. Although this design ensures high rigidity and stability, there are significant defects in practical applications. For example, the integral cutter head needs to customize the integral structure according to different machining requirements, resulting in a large consumption of materials and high machining accuracy requirements, leading to high production costs; and when the blade is worn or partially damaged, the entire cutter head needs to be replaced or sent back to the factory for repair, resulting in a long downtime and increased maintenance costs.

[0003] To overcome the above problems, split milling cutter heads have been gradually proposed. By modularly separating the cutter head body and the cutter seat, rapid replacement of the blade and local maintenance can be achieved. For the rotational movement of the existing split milling cutter head, the spindle of the machine tool usually drives the cutter head to rotate at a high speed. The speed of the main movement (i.e., the cutting speed) is an important factor affecting machining efficiency and machining quality. It depends on the diameter and rotational speed of the cutter head. A higher cutting speed can improve machining efficiency, but it may also lead to increased blade wear. Therefore, a reasonable selection needs to be made according to specific machining conditions.

[0004] When the rotating blade of the milling cutter head contacts the workpiece material, the cutting process begins. In the cutting-in stage, the cutting edge of the blade gradually cuts into the workpiece, and the cutting force gradually increases. After the blade completely cuts into the workpiece, it enters the stable cutting stage. In this stage, the cutting edge of the blade continuously cuts on the workpiece material, removing the workpiece material into chips. The shape and size of the chips are related to factors such as cutting parameters, tool geometry and workpiece material. When the blade cuts to the edge of the workpiece, it enters the cutting-out stage. In the cutting-out stage, the cutting force gradually decreases, but it is still necessary to pay attention to controlling the cutting process to avoid burrs or damage on the workpiece surface due to sudden changes in the cutting force. When the milling cutter head cuts a part, a large amount of heat will be generated. To solve this problem, the milling cutter head is usually cooled. The existing cooling usually directly pours the coolant through a nozzle onto the cutting area of the milling cutter head and the workpiece. The coolant absorbs the heat generated by cutting and takes away the chips, thereby reducing the temperature. However, the utilization rate of the coolant is relatively low, and it may cause pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0005] When we combine the above problems, we will find that for the existing split milling cutter heads on the market, when in use, it is very difficult to avoid the problems mentioned above. Currently, the cooling method usually directly pours the coolant onto the cutting area of the milling cutter head and the workpiece through a nozzle. The coolant absorbs the heat generated by cutting and takes away the chips, thereby reducing the temperature. However, the utilization rate of the coolant is relatively low, and it may cause pollution to the surrounding environment. Even if these problems can be solved, external tools are required for cooperation, which cannot achieve the desired effect. Therefore, we propose a split milling cutter head. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a split milling cutter head to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A split milling cutter head includes a cutter head main body and a tool holder. An installation groove is opened on the cutter head main body, and the tool holder is fixedly installed in the installation groove through a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a two-way inclined surface pawl arranged in the installation groove. The pawl is connected to the cutter head main body through a spring. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the cutter head main body, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the pawl. A stress relief groove is provided at the root of the pawl. And a locking inclined surface provided on the side wall of the tool holder. The locking inclined surface cooperates with the inclined surface of the pawl. A piston pump linked to the pawl is arranged inside the cutter head main body. The piston rod of the piston pump is hinged to the pawl through a connecting rod. When the tool holder is inserted into the installation groove, the locking inclined surface drives the pawl to radially expand and compress the piston pump, and the coolant is sprayed out through the cooling flow channel in the tool holder module.

[0008] Preferably, a first spiral groove is opened on the surface of the cutter head main body. The cross-section of the first spiral groove is V-shaped. Shark skin bionic texture is arranged in the first spiral groove. A number of centrifugal nozzles are installed in the first spiral groove, and the centrifugal nozzles are communicated with the first spiral groove. A number of vertical spray holes are opened on the side of the cutter head main body close to the cutting part. A liquid storage cavity and a cavity for storing coolant are arranged inside the cutter head main body. The centrifugal nozzles and the vertical spray holes are both connected to the liquid storage cavity through water pipes, and the water pipes are set as flexible hoses.

[0009] Preferably, the piston pump is embedded in the installation groove, and the installation plane of the piston pump is coaxially aligned with the pawl. A negative pressure chip suction hole is opened outside the cutter head main body. An acceleration section is arranged at the inlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole, and a flow dividing protrusion is arranged on the acceleration section to enhance the liquid flow turbulence effect and improve the negative pressure suction efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, an air outlet check valve is provided in the cavity and the liquid storage cavity, and a liquid outlet check valve is provided in the water pipe. A water replenishing hole and an air inlet hole are formed outside the cutter head body, and the water replenishing hole communicates with the liquid storage cavity, and the air inlet hole communicates with the piston pump through an air pipe. A liquid inlet check valve is provided in the water replenishing hole, and an air inlet check valve is provided in the air inlet hole.

[0011] Preferably, a sealing ring is fixedly installed on the contact surface between the tool holder and the installation groove. The sealing ring is composed of a copper layer and a stainless steel layer. The copper layer faces the tool holder side, and the stainless steel layer faces the cutter head body side. The thickness of the copper layer is 1.2 to 1.5 times the thickness of the stainless steel layer. An anti-fouling coating is provided on the surface of the sealing ring, and the anti-fouling coating is set as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0012] Preferably, an unlocking ring is coaxially sleeved outside the cutter head body. The inner wall of the unlocking ring is in clearance fit with the outer side of the cutter head body. A second spiral groove is formed in the inner wall of the unlocking ring. The second spiral groove is in radial shrinkage fit with the pawl through a needle roller bearing. Anti-slip lines are provided on the surface of the unlocking ring, and the anti-slip lines are set as strip-shaped lines.

[0013] Preferably, an annular heat pipe is embedded in the sealing ring. The heat pipe is embedded in the copper layer of the sealing ring. The condensation section penetrates outside the cutter head body, and a guide inclined surface is provided on the surface of the cutter head body.

[0014] Preferably, the protrusions in the acceleration section are arranged in a hemispherical shape, and a chip filter screen is provided at the outlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole. The pore diameter of the filter screen decreases step by step from the inside to the outside.

[0015] Preferably, the contact surface between the pawl and the locking inclined surface is set as a gradient composite lubricating layer, including a transition bottom layer and a nano-multilayer. The transition bottom layer is set as a CrN layer, and the nano-multilayer is set as an alternating TiAlN layer. The periodic thickness of the nano-multilayer changes along the gradient of the contact pressure distribution.

[0016] Preferably, positioning bosses are provided at both ends of the spring, positioning grooves are formed on the pawl, and the positioning bosses are in interference fit with the positioning grooves. The interference amount between the positioning bosses and the pawl is set to 0.02 mm - 0.05 mm. A dust-proof cover is sleeved outside the spring. The dust-proof cover is composed of two semi-stainless steel shells. A buckle is fixedly installed on one of the dust-proof covers, and a card slot is formed on the other dust-proof cover. The buckle is engaged with the card slot, and a damping ring is fixedly installed in the card slot. The damping ring is set as a rubber ring.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention links a piston pump with a ratchet pawl. Through the cooperation of the inclined jet of the centrifugal nozzle and the sharkskin texture of the first spiral groove, the coverage area of the coolant is increased, thereby reducing the temperature in the cutting area. The piston pump cooperates with the liquid outlet check valve to achieve pulsed injection of the coolant. The negative pressure chip suction holes outside the cutter head body generate negative pressure during rotation, which can suck the chips from the machining area. The acceleration section and the diversion protrusion at the inlet end accelerate and disperse the chips, improving the chip suction efficiency, effectively cleaning the chips in the machining area, reducing the interference of the chips on the machining process, and improving the machining accuracy and surface quality; 2. Through the arrangement of the annular heat pipe embedded in the sealing ring and the evaporation section of the heat pipe embedded in the copper layer of the sealing ring, the present invention utilizes the good thermal conductivity of copper to quickly transfer the heat generated by friction of the sealing ring to the heat pipe. The phase change process of the working fluid in the heat pipe can efficiently transfer the heat from the sealing ring to the heat dissipation fin group, realizing rapid heat conduction. Through the hemispherical protrusion design of the acceleration section at the inlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole, the chips can be accelerated and evenly dispersed when entering the chip suction hole, which avoids the problem of chip suction hole blockage caused by chip concentration, ensures that the chips can smoothly enter the chip suction channel, improves the chip suction efficiency, and ensures the cleanliness of the machining area during the working process of the milling cutter head; 3. The present invention adopts an interference fit between the positioning bosses at both ends of the spring and the positioning grooves on the ratchet pawl, and the interference amount is set between 0.02 - 0.05 mm, so that the spring accurately transmits force during the movement of the ratchet pawl, ensuring that the ratchet pawl works normally according to the design requirements. During the frequent operation of the milling cutter head, the stable movement of the ratchet pawl is crucial for the reliability of the installation and disassembly of the tool holder. Precise force transmission helps to maintain the overall performance and stability of the cutter head. The dust-proof cover sleeved outside the spring is composed of two semi-stainless steel shells, which can effectively block foreign impurities such as dust and coolant from entering the spring interior. The intrusion of dust and coolant may cause the spring to rust and jam, affecting the elasticity and service life of the spring. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main body plane sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is of the present invention Figure 3 the enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the main body top view sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the main body three-dimensional sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the dust-proof cover sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the main body of the cutter head of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of other internal cutaway structures of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 110, the blade body; 111, the blade seat; 112, the mounting groove; 113, the ratchet; 114, the spring; 115, the release groove; 116, the locking slope; 117, the piston pump; 118, the connecting rod; 119, the cooling channel; 120, the centrifugal nozzle; 122, the first spiral groove; 123, the shark skin bionic texture; 124, the sealing ring; 125, the copper layer; 126, the stainless steel layer; 128, the liquid storage chamber; 129, the chamber; 130, the inlet and outlet check valve; 131, the negative pressure suction hole; 132, the acceleration section; 133, the diversion convex 134. unlocking ring; 135. second spiral groove; 136. anti-skid pattern; 137. heat pipe; 139. flow guide slope; 140. transition bottom layer; 141. nano multilayer; 142. positioning boss; 143. positioning groove; 144. dust cover; 145. buckle; 146. slot; 147. damping ring; 148. filter screen; 150. piston rod; 151. vertical spray hole; 152. water supply hole; 153. air inlet hole; 154. liquid outlet one-way valve; 155. liquid inlet one-way valve; 156. water pipe; 157. air inlet one-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a split milling cutter disc, including a cutter disc body 110 and a detachable cutter seat 111.

[0022] As a further limitation of the present invention, a mounting groove 112 is provided on the cutter head body 110, and the cutter seat 111 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 112 through a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism includes a pawl 113 provided in the mounting groove 112 and connected to the cutter head body 110 through a spring 114, one end of the spring 114 is fixedly connected to the cutter head body 110, and the other end of the spring 114 is fixedly connected to the pawl 113, and a stress release groove 115 is provided at the root of the pawl 113; And a locking inclined surface 116 is provided on the side wall of the tool holder 111. The locking inclined surface 116 cooperates with the inclined surface of the pawl 113. A piston pump 117 linked to the pawl 113 is arranged inside the cutter head body 110. The piston rod 150 of the piston pump 117 is hinged to the pawl 113 through a connecting rod 118. When the tool holder 111 is inserted into the installation groove 112, the locking inclined surface 116 drives the pawl 113 to radially expand and compress the piston pump 117, and the coolant is ejected through the cooling flow channel 119 inside the tool holder 111.

[0023] A first spiral groove 122 is formed on the surface of the cutter head body 110. The cross-section of the first spiral groove 122 is V-shaped. Shark skin bionic textures 123 are arranged inside the first spiral groove 122. A number of centrifugal nozzles 120 are installed inside the first spiral groove. The axis of the centrifugal nozzle 120 is inclined 15°-25° towards the rotation center of the cutter head 111, and the centrifugal nozzle 120 communicates with the first spiral groove 122. A number of vertical spray holes 151 are formed on one side of the cutter head body 110 close to the cutting part. A liquid storage cavity 128 and a cavity 129 for storing the coolant are arranged inside the cutter head body 110. The centrifugal nozzles 120 and the vertical spray holes 151 are both connected to the liquid storage cavity 128 through water pipes 156, and the water pipes 156 are arranged as flexible hoses.

[0024] The piston pump 117 is embedded in the installation groove 112, and the installation planes of the piston pump 117 and the pawl 113 are coaxially aligned. A negative pressure chip suction hole 131 is formed outside the cutter head body 110. An acceleration section 132 is arranged at the inlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole 131, and a flow splitting protrusion 133 is arranged on the acceleration section 132 to enhance the liquid flow turbulence effect and improve the negative pressure suction efficiency.

[0025] An air outlet one-way valve 130 is arranged in the cavity 129 and the liquid storage cavity 128. An out-liquid one-way valve 154 is arranged in the water pipe 155. A water replenishing hole 152 and an air inlet hole 153 are formed outside the cutter head body 110, and the water replenishing hole 152 communicates with the liquid storage cavity 128. The air inlet hole 153 is communicated with the piston pump 117 through an air pipe. An in-liquid one-way valve 155 is arranged in the water replenishing hole 152, and an air inlet one-way valve 157 is arranged in the air inlet hole 153.

[0026] It should be added that the models and working principles of the cutter head body 110, the air outlet one-way valve 120, the air inlet one-way valve 155, the in-liquid one-way valve 155 and the out-liquid one-way valve 154 are well-known in the art and will not be elaborated here. The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: when the tool holder 111 is inserted into the mounting groove 112, the locking bevel 116 squeezes the pawl 113 to make it radially open. At this time, the spring 114 is compressed to store energy. The opening action of the pawl 113 drives the piston rod 150 of the piston pump 117 to press down through the connecting rod 118, compressing the coolant in the cavity 129. The coolant is transported to the centrifugal nozzle 120 and the vertical spray hole 151 through the water pipe 156 under pressure, and finally accurately sprayed to the cutting area through the cooling channel 119; During cutting, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the cutter head causes the coolant to spirally eject from the centrifugal nozzle 120 at an inclination angle of 15°-25°, and a vortex cooling flow field is formed by combining the V-shaped cross section of the first spiral groove 122 and the shark skin bionic texture 123. At the same time, the acceleration section 132 at the inlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole 131 generates a local vacuum by utilizing the turbulent flow effect of the liquid flow, and the chip adsorption is enhanced by the diversion protrusion 133. The chips are discharged after being graded and filtered by the filter screen 148 along with the coolant; The copper layer 125 and the stainless steel layer 126 of the sealing ring 124 achieve dynamic sealing compensation through differential thermal expansion coefficients. The annular heat pipe 137 conducts friction heat from the copper layer 125 to the guide slope 139 outside the cutter head body 110 to quickly dissipate heat, and cooperates with the low adhesion characteristics of the anti-fouling coating to avoid chip melting.

[0027] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a split milling cutter disc. The present invention makes corresponding improvements to the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0028] As a further limitation of the present invention, a sealing ring 124 is fixedly installed on the contact surface between the knife seat 111 and the mounting groove 112, and the sealing ring 124 is composed of a copper layer 125 and a stainless steel layer 126. The copper layer 125 faces the knife seat 111 side, and the stainless steel layer 126 faces the knife disc body 110 side. The thickness of the copper layer 125 is 1.2 times to 1.5 times the thickness of the stainless steel layer 126. The surface of the sealing ring 124 is provided with an anti-fouling coating, and the anti-fouling coating is provided as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0029] An unlocking ring 134 is coaxially sleeved outside the cutter disc body 110, and the inner wall of the unlocking ring 134 is gap-matched with the outer side of the cutter disc body 110. A second spiral groove 135 is opened in the inner wall of the unlocking ring 134, and the second spiral groove 135 is radially contracted with the pawl 113 through a needle bearing. The surface of the unlocking ring 134 is provided with anti-slip textures 136, and the anti-slip textures 136 are arranged in strip shapes. An annular heat pipe 137 is embedded in the sealing ring 124, and the heat pipe 137 is embedded in the copper layer 125 of the sealing ring 124. The condensation section runs through the outside of the cutter disc body 110, and a guide slope 139 is arranged on the surface of the cutter disc body 110.

[0030] The protrusion of the acceleration section 132 is arranged in a hemispherical shape. A chip filtering net 148 is provided at the outlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole 131, and the mesh diameter of the filtering net 148 decreases step by step from the inside to the outside. The contact surface between the pawl 113 and the locking inclined surface 116 is provided with a gradient composite lubricating layer, including a transition bottom layer 140 and a nano multi-layer 141. The transition bottom layer 140 is set as a CrN layer, and the nano multi-layer 141 is set as an alternating layer of TiAlN. The periodic thickness of the nano multi-layer 141 changes along the gradient of the contact pressure distribution.

[0031] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to disassemble the tool holder 111, the operator can hold the unlocking ring 134. Since the surface of the unlocking ring 134 is provided with strip-shaped anti-slip patterns 136, it can increase the friction between the hand and the unlocking ring 134, facilitating the operator to apply force for operation; Rotate the unlocking ring 134. Because the inner wall of the unlocking ring 134 and the outer side of the cutter head body 110 are in clearance fit, and the second spiral groove 135 on the inner wall of the unlocking ring 134 is radially shrink-fitted with the pawl 113 through a needle roller bearing. Therefore, during the rotation of the unlocking ring 134, the second spiral groove 135 will drive the pawl 113 to radially contract through the needle roller bearing. As the pawl 113 contracts, the mating relationship between the pawl 113 and the locking inclined surface 116 on the side wall of the tool holder 111 is released, and the tool holder 111 is no longer locked. At this time, the tool holder 111 can be smoothly taken out from the installation groove 112 of the cutter head body 110; After the tool holder 111 is installed, rotate the unlocking ring 134 in the reverse direction to make the pawl 113 return to its original position and re-mate with the locking inclined surface 116 of the tool holder 111 to fix the tool holder 111; During the working process of the milling cutter head, the sealing ring 124 will generate heat due to the friction between the tool holder 111 and the cutter head body 110, etc. The sealing ring 124 is composed of a copper layer 125 and a stainless steel layer 126, and the heat pipe 137 is embedded in the copper layer 125 of the sealing ring 124. Copper has good heat conduction performance and can quickly transfer the heat generated by the sealing ring 124 to the heat pipe 137; The working medium in the heat pipe 137 evaporates into steam after absorbing heat in the evaporation section. The steam flows along the internal channel of the heat pipe 137 to the condensation section. The condensation section penetrates outside the cutter head body 110. The surface of the cutter head body 110 is provided with a guiding inclined surface 139. When the steam reaches the condensation section, it will release the heat to the cutter head body 110 and then re-condense into a liquid, and flow back to the evaporation section under the action of gravity or capillary force. The guiding inclined surface 139 helps to guide the surrounding air flow and dissipate the heat to the surrounding environment, thereby reducing the temperature of the sealing ring 124 and ensuring the performance and service life of the sealing ring 124; When the milling cutter head is working, chips enter from the inlet end of the negative-pressure chip suction hole 131 under the action of negative pressure. The hemispherical protrusion of the inlet end acceleration section 132 can accelerate and evenly disperse the chips, avoiding the concentration and blockage of the chip suction hole by the chips and improving the chip suction efficiency. The chips pass through the negative-pressure chip suction hole 131 along with the air flow and reach the outlet end. A chip filter screen 148 is provided at the outlet end, and the mesh diameter of the filter screen 148 decreases step by step from the inside to the outside. This design can classify and filter the chips. Larger chips are first intercepted in the inner layer with larger mesh holes, and smaller chips are successively intercepted in the outer layer with gradually smaller mesh holes, effectively preventing the chips from entering other structures inside the cutter head body 110 and ensuring the cleanliness and normal operation inside the milling cutter head. During the installation of the tool holder 111, the pawl 113 contacts the locking inclined surface 116 on the side wall of the tool holder 111 and generates pressure. Since the contact surface between the pawl 113 and the locking inclined surface 116 is provided with a gradient composite lubricating layer, the transition bottom layer 140 is a CrN layer, and the nano-multilayer 141 is a TiAlN layer, and the periodic thickness of the nano-multilayer 141 changes along the gradient of the contact pressure distribution; the CrN transition bottom layer 140 can provide good bonding force, enabling the nano-multilayer 141 to better adhere to the surface of the pawl 113. The TiAlN nano-multilayer 141 has high hardness, good wear resistance and lubrication performance. With the change of the contact pressure, the structures with different periodic thicknesses of the nano-multilayer 141 can be adaptively adjusted, providing effective lubrication and wear protection in different pressure regions, reducing the wear between the pawl 113 and the locking inclined surface 116, extending the service life of both, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the installation of the tool holder 111.

[0032] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 1-9 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a split milling cutter head, and the present invention makes corresponding improvements to the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0033] As a further limitation of the present invention, positioning bosses 142 are provided at both ends of the spring 114, positioning grooves 143 are formed on the pawl 113, and the positioning bosses 142 and the positioning grooves 143 are in interference fit. The interference amount between the positioning bosses 142 and the pawl 113 is set to 0.02 mm - 0.05 mm. A dust-proof cover 144 is sleeved outside the spring 114. The dust-proof cover 144 is composed of two semi-stainless steel shells. A buckle 145 is fixedly installed on one half of the dust-proof cover 144, a clamping groove 146 is formed on the other dust-proof cover 144, the buckle 145 is engaged with the clamping groove 146, and a damping ring 147 is fixedly installed in the clamping groove 146. The damping ring 147 is set as a rubber ring.

[0034] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: When the split milling cutter head is working normally, the spring 114 will continuously expand and contract during the movement of the pawl 113. Since the spring 114 is fixed by the interference fit between the positioning boss 142 and the positioning groove 143, it can ensure the accurate transmission of force and enable the pawl 113 to work properly. The dust cover 144 can effectively prevent external dust, coolant and other impurities from entering the inside of the spring 114, avoid problems such as rust and jamming of the spring 114, and extend the service life of the spring 114; Regularly check the spring 114 and the dust cover 144 to check whether the fit between the positioning boss 142 and the positioning groove 143 is loose. If it is found that the interference amount decreases or there are signs of looseness, it is necessary to repair or replace the relevant components in time. Check whether the buckle 145 of the dust cover 144 is firmly connected to the card slot 146, and whether the damping ring 147 is aged or damaged. If the damping ring 147 loses its elasticity or is damaged, it should be replaced in time to ensure the sealing performance of the dust cover 144. At the same time, clean the dust and impurities on the surface of the dust cover 144 to keep it in good working condition.

[0035] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0036] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A split milling cutter head, comprising a cutter head body (110) and a cutter holder (111), characterized in that: An installation groove (112) is formed in the cutter head body (110), and the cutter holder (111) is fixedly installed in the installation groove (112) through a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a bidirectional inclined plane pawl (113) arranged in the installation groove (112). The pawl (113) is connected to the cutter head body (110) through a spring (114). One end of the spring (114) is fixedly connected to the cutter head body (110), and the other end of the spring (114) is fixedly connected to the pawl (113). A stress relief groove (115) is arranged at the root of the pawl (113). And a locking inclined plane (116) is arranged on the side wall of the cutter holder (111). The locking inclined plane (116) cooperates with the inclined plane of the pawl (113). A piston pump (117) linked with the pawl (113) is arranged in the cutter head body (110). The piston rod (150) of the piston pump (117) is hinged to the pawl (113) through a connecting rod (118). When the cutter holder (111) is inserted into the installation groove (112), the locking inclined plane (116) drives the pawl (113) to radially expand and compress the piston pump (117), and the coolant sprays out through the cooling flow channel (119) in the cutter holder (111).

2. The split milling cutter head according to claim 1, wherein: A first spiral groove (122) is formed on the surface of the cutter head body (110). The cross-section of the first spiral groove (122) is arranged in a V shape. Shark skin bionic textures (123) are arranged in the first spiral groove (122). A plurality of centrifugal spray heads (120) are installed in the first spiral groove (122), and the centrifugal spray heads (120) are communicated with the first spiral groove (122). A plurality of vertical spray holes (151) are formed on one side of the cutter head body (110) close to the cutting part. A liquid storage cavity (128) and a cavity (129) for storing coolant are arranged in the cutter head body (110). The centrifugal spray heads (120) and the vertical spray holes (151) are both connected to the liquid storage cavity (128) through water pipes (156), and the water pipes (156) are arranged as flexible pipes.

3. The split milling cutter head according to claim 2, wherein: The piston pump (117) is embedded in the installation groove (112), and the installation plane of the piston pump (117) is coaxially aligned with that of the pawl (113). A negative pressure chip suction hole (131) is formed outside the cutter head body (110). An acceleration section (132) is arranged at the inlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole (131), and a flow dividing convex (133) is arranged on the acceleration section (132) to enhance the liquid flow turbulence effect and improve the negative pressure suction efficiency.

4. The split milling cutter head according to claim 3, wherein: An air outlet check valve (130) is provided in the cavity (129) and the liquid storage cavity (128), and a liquid outlet check valve (154) is provided in the water pipe (156). A water replenishing hole (152) and an air inlet hole (153) are formed outside the cutter head body (110). The water replenishing hole (152) communicates with the liquid storage cavity (128), and the air inlet hole (153) is communicated with the piston pump (117) through an air pipe. A liquid inlet check valve (155) is provided in the water replenishing hole (152), and an air inlet check valve (157) is provided in the air inlet hole (153).

5. The split milling cutter head according to claim 4, wherein: A sealing ring (124) is fixedly installed on the contact surface between the tool holder (111) and the installation groove (112). The sealing ring (124) is composed of a copper layer (125) and a stainless steel layer (126). The copper layer (125) faces the cutter head body (110), and the stainless steel layer (126) faces the tool holder (111). The thickness of the copper layer (125) is 1.2 to 1.5 times the thickness of the stainless steel layer (126). An anti-fouling coating is provided on the surface of the sealing ring (124), and the anti-fouling coating is set as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

6. The split milling cutter head according to claim 5, wherein: An unlocking ring (134) is coaxially sleeved outside the cutter head body (110). The inner wall of the unlocking ring (134) is in clearance fit with the outer side of the cutter head body (110). A second spiral groove (135) is formed in the inner wall of the unlocking ring (134). The second spiral groove (135) is in radial shrinkage fit with the pawl (113) through a needle roller bearing. Anti-slip lines (136) are provided on the surface of the unlocking ring (134), and the anti-slip lines (136) are set as strip-shaped lines.

7. The split milling cutter head according to claim 6, wherein: An annular heat pipe (137) is embedded in the sealing ring (124). The heat pipe (137) is embedded in the copper layer (125) of the sealing ring (124). The condensation section penetrates outside the cutter head body (110), and a diversion inclined surface (139) is provided on the surface of the cutter head body (110).

8. The split milling cutter head according to claim 7, wherein: The protrusion of the acceleration section (132) is arranged in a hemispherical shape. A chip filter screen (148) is provided at the outlet end of the negative pressure chip suction hole (131). The mesh diameter of the filter screen (148) decreases step by step from inside to outside.

9. The split milling cutter head according to claim 8, wherein: The contact surface between the pawl (113) and the locking inclined surface (116) is provided with a gradient composite lubricating layer, including a transition bottom layer (140) and a nano-multilayer (141). The transition bottom layer (140) is set as a CrN layer, and the nano-multilayer (141) is set as an alternating layer of TiAlN. The periodic thickness of the nano-multilayer (141) changes along the gradient of the contact pressure distribution.

10. The split milling cutter head according to claim 9, characterized in that: Positioning bosses (142) are provided at both ends of the spring (114), positioning grooves (143) are formed on the pawl (113), the positioning bosses (142) are in interference fit with the positioning grooves (143), the interference amount between the positioning bosses (142) and the pawl (113) is set to be 0.02 mm - 0.05 mm, a dust cover (144) is sleeved outside the spring (114), the dust cover (144) is composed of two semi-stainless steel shells, a buckle (145) is fixedly installed on one half of the dust cover (144), a clamping groove (146) is formed on the other dust cover (144), the buckle (145) is engaged with the clamping groove (146), a damping ring (147) is fixedly installed in the clamping groove (146), and the damping ring (147) is set to be a rubber ring.

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