Centering positioning linkage clamping tool and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of clamps, and provides a centering positioning linkage clamping tool and a using method.The clamping tool comprises a bottom plate and a swash plate, and the clamping tool comprises a centering positioning mechanism, a linkage clamping mechanism and a pressing assembly; the centering positioning mechanism comprises a first positioning reference fixed on the upper plate, and a second positioning reference and a three-point floating positioning mechanism are fixed at the top of the first positioning reference; the linkage clamping mechanism comprises two jaw seats fixed to the upper plate and a push-pull oil cylinder fixed to the bottom plate, the two jaw seats are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the first positioning reference in the front-back direction, and jaw bodies reciprocating in the direction perpendicular to the swash plate are arranged in the jaw seats. A jaw used for clamping the end face of the swash plate is fixed to the end, close to the swash plate, of the jaw body. According to the scheme, accurate centering positioning is ensured, and size errors caused by positioning deviation are effectively avoided; and meanwhile, transverse thrust is eliminated, blank deformation is prevented, and the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of jigs, and particularly relates to a centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In a hydraulic power system, swash plate type piston variable pumps are widely used due to their efficient variable regulation performance. Among them, the swash plate is a core functional component, and its dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy directly determine the working performance of the pump. Due to the strict requirements for strength, the swash plate is generally formed by forging process, and the dimensional tolerance of the forging blank reaches ±2 mm, resulting in poor consistency of the blanks.

[0003] In the first machining process of the swash plate, the blank surface needs to be used as the positioning reference, and the centering positioning of the long hole is the key positioning method, that is, the position of the workpiece in the machine tool is determined by the center of the long hole. However, there are significant dimensional differences between the two end faces for clamping due to forging tolerances. When clamping forces are applied to these two end faces, the lateral thrust will cause relative displacement between the long hole and the positioning block, destroying the centering positioning accuracy and resulting in out-of-tolerance dimensions of the machined swash plate, forming defective products.

[0004] In the existing tooling solutions, traditional positioning and clamping mechanisms are difficult to meet the dual requirements of reliable centering positioning of the long hole and no interference in end face clamping: on the one hand, the dimensional fluctuations of the forging blanks result in large relative position deviations between the clamping end faces and the long hole; on the other hand, the lateral component of the rigid clamping force directly acts on the positioning reference, causing positioning failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a tooling structure that can adapt to the forging blank tolerances and avoid the interference of the clamping force on the positioning accuracy to solve the problem of machining defective products caused by positioning offset in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problems in the background art, the present invention proposes a centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling and a using method thereof, ensuring accurate centering positioning, effectively avoiding dimensional errors caused by positioning offset; at the same time, eliminating the lateral thrust, preventing blank deformation, ensuring the machining accuracy, and moreover, this tooling is applicable to swash plates of various specifications, has wide versatility, and improves production efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme:

[0007] A centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling includes a bottom plate and a swash plate. The upper plate is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate through a support plate. A plurality of groups of clamping toolings are arranged on the upper plate. Each clamping tooling includes a centering positioning mechanism, a linkage clamping mechanism, and a pressing component for pressing down the swash plate. The swash plate is located on the centering positioning mechanism;

[0008] The centering and positioning mechanism includes a positioning reference platform fixed on the upper plate. Inside the positioning reference platform, a positioning core with a compression spring is slidably arranged vertically. The top of the positioning core is sleeved and matched with the long hole of the swash plate. A three-point floating positioning mechanism for floatingly positioning the bottom surface of the swash plate is arranged on the positioning reference platform.

[0009] The linkage clamping mechanism includes two jaw seats fixed on the upper plate and a push-pull oil cylinder fixed on the bottom plate. The two jaw seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front and back directions of the first positioning reference. Inside the jaw seat, a jaw body that reciprocates horizontally is arranged. The piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder is rotationally connected with a first connecting rod along a vertical plane. The two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively connected with a second connecting rod. One ends of the two second connecting rods are connected with the first connecting rod through the cooperation of a long slot and a second pin shaft. The other ends of the two second connecting rods are connected with the jaw body on the same side through a fourth pin shaft. The pressing component is located on either the left or right side of the positioning reference platform.

[0010] Preferably, a blind hole is arranged vertically on the positioning reference platform. Inside the blind hole, a first pin shaft arranged radially along the blind hole is fixed through an opening screw. On the positioning core, a first pin hole that moves up and down in cooperation with the first pin shaft is arranged. The compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the lower end of the positioning core. A positioning end head that cooperates with the long hole of the swash plate is arranged at the top of the positioning core.

[0011] Preferably, the three-point floating positioning mechanism includes a first positioning block, a second positioning block, and a floating component. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are fixed on either the left or right side of the positioning reference platform, and the floating component is arranged on the other side of the positioning reference platform.

[0012] Preferably, the floating component includes a floating seat. Inside the floating seat, a horizontal positioning pin hole and a vertical positioning pin hole are arranged. The horizontal positioning pin hole is arranged along the direction parallel to the swash plate. There are two vertical positioning pin holes, and the two vertical positioning pin holes penetrate the horizontal positioning pin hole vertically. A first positioning pin is slidably arranged horizontally in the horizontal positioning pin hole. A second positioning pin is slidably arranged vertically in the vertical positioning pin hole. The two ends of the first positioning pin are respectively in sliding cooperation with the bottom of the two second positioning pins through inclined surfaces. The top of the second positioning pin extends out of the vertical positioning pin hole and abuts against the bottom surface of the swash plate.

[0013] Preferably, a sleeve hole with upper and lower openings is arranged at the center of the first connecting rod. Inside the sleeve hole, a connecting shaft is rotationally connected through a third pin shaft. The third pin shaft passes through the connecting shaft and is fixed with the sleeve hole. The bottom of the connecting shaft is connected with the piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the second connecting rod connected to the first connecting rod is provided with a U-shaped groove. Two long grooves are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the U-shaped groove along the axis of the second connecting rod. The second pin shaft is fixed on the first connecting rod and slidably arranged in the long grooves. The second connecting rod is rotationally connected to the jaw seat through a first screw.

[0015] Preferably, a chute is formed by inward depression along the vertical direction at the top of the jaw seat. The jaw body is arranged in the chute, and both ends of the jaw body extend out of the chute. A jaw is fixed at the top of the jaw body near one end of the swash plate. An anti-slip structure is fixed at one end of the jaw close to the swash plate. A gland is fixed at the top of the jaw seat, and the gland covers the top of the chute.

[0016] Preferably, the pressing component includes a corner oil cylinder fixed on the upper plate. The piston rod of the corner oil cylinder is connected with a pressing block through a pressing plate.

[0017] Preferably, an anti-misalignment post is detachably connected to the top of the first positioning reference. The anti-misalignment post is matched with the structural features of the swash plate to achieve anti-misalignment positioning.

[0018] A method for using a centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Place the swash plate on the centering positioning mechanism, perform direction verification through the anti-misalignment post, and make the positioning core located in the long hole at the bottom of the swash plate.

[0020] Step 2: Start the corner oil cylinder to drive the pressing block to rotate and press the top surface of the swash plate, forcing the swash plate to contact and move down the positioning core. The positioning core realizes elastic floating positioning under the action of the compression spring. When the pressing block is pressed down, the matching position of the positioning core and the long hole is automatically adjusted until the bottom surface of the swash plate is completely attached to the three-point floating positioning mechanism.

[0021] Step 3: The push-pull oil cylinder works to drive the first connecting rod to move down. The first connecting rod simultaneously drives the two second connecting rods to move towards the swash plate. The two connecting rods drive the jaws to clamp the swash plate. At the same time, the first connecting rod can rotate around the connecting shaft in the vertical direction and automatically adjust the displacement of the jaws when the distances between the two end faces of the swash plate are uneven, realizing synchronous and equal-force clamping of the two jaws.

[0022] Step 4: The corner oil cylinder rotates in the reverse direction to release the pressing block and make way for the processing space.

[0023] Step 5: After the processing is completed, the push-pull oil cylinder resets to drive the first connecting rod to move up. The first connecting rod simultaneously drives the two second connecting rods to move away from the swash plate, driving the two jaws to complete the loosening action, remove the swash plate from the tooling, and perform the positioning processing of the next swash plate.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the three-point floating positioning mechanism combined with the elastically floating positioning core, the automatic centering positioning of the long holes on the swash plate is realized, effectively compensating for the geometric tolerances of the workpiece and ensuring the positioning accuracy.

[0025] Moreover, the connecting rod mechanism formed by the push-pull oil cylinder, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the jaw body and the pin shaft assembly drives the jaws on both sides to move synchronously, realizing synchronous and equal-force clamping, avoiding deformation or positioning deviation caused by unilateral force. The piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder is rotationally connected to the first connecting rod along the vertical plane through a connecting shaft, enabling the first connecting rod to rotate slightly around the connecting shaft, thereby realizing the floating clamping of the swash plate and solving the problems of poor consistency of the swash plate and uneven spacing between the two end faces of a single swash plate caused by large dimensional tolerances of the swash plate.

[0026] In addition, the centering positioning mechanism, the linkage clamping mechanism and the pressing component work together to realize the full-process automation of positioning, pressing, machining and clamping release, significantly shortening the clamping time and improving the batch processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping fixture of the present invention Figure One ;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping fixture of the present invention Figure Two ;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping fixture of the present invention Figure Three ;

[0030] Figure 4 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the clamping fixture of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the sectional structural schematic diagram taken along A-A in

[0032] Figure 6 is Figure 4 the sectional structural schematic diagram taken along B-B in

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 4 the sectional structural schematic diagram taken along C-C in

[0034] Figure 8 is Figure 6 the enlarged structural schematic diagram at D in

[0035] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, swash plate; 3, upper plate; 4, centering and positioning mechanism; 401, first positioning reference; 402, second positioning reference; 403, blind hole; 404, positioning core; 405, compression spring; 406, positioning end; 407, first pin hole; 408, first pin shaft; 409, opening screw; 410, first positioning block; 411, second positioning block; 412, floating seat; 413, first positioning pin; 414, second positioning pin; 415, horizontal positioning pin hole; 416, vertical positioning pin hole; 5, linkage clamping mechanism; 501, jaw seat; 502, push-pull oil cylinder; 503, jaw body; 504, jaw; 505, first connecting rod; 506, second connecting rod; 507, long slot; 508, second pin shaft; 509, fourth pin shaft; 510, sleeve hole; 511, third pin shaft; 512, connecting shaft; 513, U-shaped groove; 514, first screw; 515, anti-slip structure; 516, gland; 6, pressing component; 601, corner oil cylinder; 602, pressing plate; 603, pressing block; 7, support plate; 8, anti-misalignment post. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] In order to make the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following provides a preferred detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the given embodiments are only one of the implementation modes and do not represent all embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] Combined with Figures 1 - 8 , this embodiment provides a centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling, including a bottom plate 1 and a swash plate 2. The top of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected with an upper plate 3 through a support plate 7. A plurality of groups of clamping toolings are arranged on the upper plate 3. The clamping tooling includes a centering positioning mechanism 4, a linkage clamping mechanism 5, and a pressing component 6 for pressing down the swash plate 2. The swash plate 2 is located on the centering positioning mechanism 4. In this embodiment, two groups of clamping toolings are arranged on the upper plate 3, and two swash plates 2 can be positioned simultaneously. It is not limited to the figures shown in this embodiment, and multiple groups of clamping toolings can also be arranged along the length direction of the upper plate 3 to position multiple swash plates 2 simultaneously. The centering positioning mechanism 4 ensures accurate centering positioning and avoids dimensional errors caused by positioning deviation; the linkage clamping mechanism 5 is used to eliminate the lateral thrust and achieve synchronous and equal-force clamping.

[0039] The centering positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning reference platform fixed on the upper plate 3. A positioning core 404 with a compression spring 405 is slidably arranged vertically inside the positioning reference platform. The top of the positioning core 404 is sleeved and matched with the long hole of the swash plate 2. A three-point floating positioning mechanism for floatingly positioning the bottom surface of the swash plate 2 is arranged on the positioning reference platform.

[0040] In this embodiment, a blind hole 403 is provided on the positioning reference platform along the vertical direction. A first pin shaft arranged radially along the blind hole 403 is fixed in the blind hole 403 through a slotted screw 409. A first pin hole 407 that is vertically movably matched with the first pin shaft 408 is provided on the positioning core 404. The compression spring 405 is sleeved outside the lower end of the positioning core 404. A positioning end 406 that is matched with the elongated hole of the swash plate 2 is provided at the top of the positioning core 404. The cooperation between the first pin shaft 408 and the first pin hole 407 can limit the vertical movement distance of the positioning core 404 and limit the angular rotation of the positioning core 404. Through the first pin shaft 408, the positioning core 404 can only move up and down in the blind hole 403 without self-rotation. The positioning reference platform in this embodiment includes a first positioning reference 401 and a second positioning reference 402. The second positioning reference 402 and a three-point floating positioning mechanism are fixed on the top of the first positioning reference 401. The blind hole 403 penetrates through the second positioning reference 402 into the first positioning reference 401.

[0041] In this embodiment, the top surface of the swash plate 2 is a flat surface for machining; the bottom surface of the swash plate 2 is a positioning surface. Since it is a rough surface, there is generally a height difference. The three-point floating positioning mechanism positions the bottom surface of the swash plate 2. The floating positioning can effectively compensate for the shape and position tolerances of the workpiece and ensure the positioning accuracy. Specifically, the three-point floating positioning mechanism includes a first positioning block 410, a second positioning block 411, and a floating component. The first positioning block 410 and the second positioning block 411 are fixed on either the left or right side of the second positioning reference 402. A floating component is arranged on the other side of the second positioning reference 402. The floating component includes a floating seat 412. A horizontal positioning pin hole 415 and a vertical positioning pin hole 416 are provided in the floating seat 412. The horizontal positioning pin hole 415 is arranged along the direction parallel to the swash plate 2. There are two vertical positioning pin holes 416. The two vertical positioning pin holes 416 vertically penetrate the horizontal positioning pin hole 415. A first positioning pin 413 is horizontally slidably arranged in the horizontal positioning pin hole 415. A second positioning pin 414 is vertically slidably arranged in the vertical positioning pin hole 416. The two ends of the first positioning pin 413 are respectively in sliding fit with the bottom of the two second positioning pins 414 through inclined surfaces. The top of the second positioning pin 414 extends out of the vertical positioning pin hole 416 and abuts against the bottom surface of the swash plate 2. The end portions of the sliding fit between the first positioning pin 413 and the second positioning pin 414 are both inclined surfaces. To ensure the sliding of the first positioning pin 413 in the horizontal positioning pin hole 415, the length of the horizontal positioning pin hole 415 is greater than the length of the first positioning pin 413. The function of the floating component is equivalent to a spirit level. When one end of the swash plate 2 is slightly higher, it will press down the second positioning pin 414 at this end, and then push the first positioning pin 413 to horizontally move towards the second positioning pin 414 at the other end. At this time, the second positioning pin 414 at the other end is pushed up, thereby automatically compensating for the height difference of the shape and position of the workpiece.

[0042] It should be noted that under normal circumstances, three points can determine a plane. However, in actual processes, sometimes four points or more points are required for positioning to ensure machining. The two second positioning pins 414 in this embodiment are linked and can be used as a positioning point. Together with the first positioning block 410 and the second positioning block 411, they form an elastic floating positioning with three-point support. The elastic floating positioning with three-point support, combined with the elastic floating positioning core 404, jointly realizes the automatic centering positioning of the long hole of the swash plate 2, effectively compensates for the shape and position tolerances of the workpiece, and ensures the positioning accuracy.

[0043] The linkage clamping mechanism 5 includes a jaw seat 501 fixed on the upper plate 3 and a push-pull oil cylinder 502 fixed on the bottom plate 1. There are two jaw seats 501, and the two jaw seats 501 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first positioning reference 401 in the front-back direction. A jaw body 503 that reciprocates horizontally is provided in the jaw seat 501. A jaw 504 for clamping the end face of the swash plate 2 is fixed at one end of the jaw body 503 close to the swash plate 2. The piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder 502 is rotationally connected to a first connecting rod 505 through a connecting shaft 512 in a vertical plane. Different second connecting rods 506 are connected to both ends of the first connecting rod 505 respectively. One ends of the two second connecting rods 506 are connected to the first connecting rod 505 through the cooperation of a long slot 507 and a second pin shaft 508, and the other ends of the two second connecting rods 506 are connected to the jaw body 503 on the same side through a fourth pin shaft 509.

[0044] Due to the large dimensional tolerance of the outer shape of the swash plate 2, the consistency of the swash plate 2 is poor and the distance between the two end faces of a single swash plate 2 is uneven. The first connecting rod 505 rotates slightly in a vertical plane through the connecting shaft 512, and cooperates with the sliding of the long slot 507 of the second connecting rod 506 to compensate for the displacement difference, ensuring uniform force application of the two jaws 504 on both sides and realizing adaptive synchronous clamping.

[0045] Specifically, a sleeve hole 510 with upper and lower openings is provided at the center of the first connecting rod 505. A connecting shaft 512 is rotationally connected in the sleeve hole 510 through a third pin shaft 511. The third pin shaft 511 passes through the connecting shaft 512 and is fixed to the sleeve hole 510. The bottom of the connecting shaft 512 is connected to the piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder 502, so as to realize the small-angle rotation of the first connecting rod 505 around the connecting shaft 512.

[0046] Specifically, the end of the second link 506 connected to the first link 505 is provided with a U-shaped groove 513. Two long grooves 507 are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the U-shaped groove 513 along the axis direction of the second link 506. The second pin shaft 508 is fixed on the first link 505 and is slidably arranged in the long groove 507. The second link 506 is rotationally connected to the jaw seat 501 through a first screw 514. When the piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder 502 drives the first link 505 to move upward, the second pin shaft 508 slides upward in the long groove 507, and the second link 506 pushes the other end of the second link 506 away from the swash plate 2, so that the jaw 504 releases the end face of the swash plate 2. On the contrary, the jaw 504 can clamp the end face of the swash plate 2.

[0047] Specifically, a chute is formed by inward depression at the top of the jaw seat 501 along the direction perpendicular to the swash plate 2. The jaw body 503 is arranged in the chute. Both ends of the jaw body 503 extend out of the chute. The jaw 504 is fixed to the top of the end of the jaw body 503 close to the swash plate 2. An anti-slip structure 515 is fixed to the end of the jaw 504 close to the swash plate 2. A gland 516 is fixed to the top of the jaw seat 501. The gland 516 covers the top of the chute, and the gland 516 can prevent the jaw body 503 from tilting upward. The anti-slip structure 515 in this embodiment includes a plurality of tapered structures arranged in an array, which enhances the friction force of the contact surface with the swash plate 2 and better clamps the swash plate 2.

[0048] Specifically, the pressing assembly 6 includes a rotary cylinder 601 fixed on the upper plate 3. The piston rod of the rotary cylinder 601 is connected with a pressing block 603 through a pressing plate 602. The pressing block 603 is used to press the top surface of the swash plate 2. The rotary cylinder 601 is used to drive the pressing block 603 to rotate and press or release. Two sets of clamping tools are set in this embodiment. The pressing assemblies 6 of each set of clamping tools are arranged close to the edge of the upper plate 3. The positioning mechanism 4 and the linkage clamping mechanism 5 in the two sets are located at the center of the upper plate 3, which is convenient for the rotary cylinder 601 to rotate and make room during processing, avoiding interference with the tool and improving the accessibility of processing.

[0049] Specifically, an anti-misalignment post 8 is detachably connected to the top of the first positioning reference 401. The anti-misalignment post 8 is matched with the structural features of the swash plate 2 to achieve anti-misalignment positioning. The upper and lower parts of the anti-misalignment post 8 in this embodiment are connected by threads to make the height of the anti-misalignment post 8 adjustable, expanding the application range of the anti-misalignment post 8. The side surface of the swash plate 2 in this embodiment is an asymmetric structure, and a notch is provided on one side. According to this structural feature, the anti-misalignment post 8 is set to prevent misalignment of the swash plate 2, reduce the manual verification time, and reduce the risk of operation errors. The position of the anti-misalignment post 8 is adjustable, which is mainly determined by the structural features of the swash plate 2.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] This embodiment provides a method for using a centering and positioning linkage clamping tooling, including the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Place the swash plate 2 on the first positioning reference 401 and the second positioning reference 402. The long hole of the swash plate 2 is initially aligned with the positioning core 404. Through the cooperation of the anti-misalignment post 8 and the notch on the side of the swash plate 2, verify whether the placement direction of the swash plate 2 is correct.

[0053] Step 2: Start the corner oil cylinder 601, drive the pressure plate 602 to drive the pressure block 603 to rotate, and press the top surface of the swash plate 2. After the swash plate 2 is pressed, it moves downward, pushing the positioning core 404 to vertically move downward along the blind hole 403 against the elastic force of the compression spring 405. The positioning end 406 of the positioning core 404 is embedded in the long hole of the swash plate 2. At the same time, the bottom surface of the swash plate 2 is completely attached to the three-point floating positioning mechanism, namely the first positioning block 410, the second positioning block 411, and the floating assembly under the pressing force. The first positioning pin 413 and the second positioning pin 414 slide and adaptively adjust in the floating seat 412 to form a stable three-point support.

[0054] Step 3: Extend the piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder 502, drive the connecting shaft 512 to drive the first connecting rod 505 to move downward. Both ends of the first connecting rod 505 are slidably connected to the long slots 507 of the two second connecting rods 506 through the second pin shafts 508, forcing the two second connecting rods 506 to synchronously move towards the end faces on both sides of the swash plate 2 around their respective second pin shafts 508. The second connecting rods 506 drive the jaw body 503 to horizontally move in the jaw seat 501, so that the two jaws 504 synchronously clamp the end faces of the swash plate 2. If there is a deviation in the distance between the two end faces of the swash plate 2, the first connecting rod 505 slightly rotates in the vertical plane through the connecting shaft 512, and cooperates with the sliding of the long slot 507 of the second connecting rod 506 to compensate for the displacement difference, ensuring uniform force application by the two jaws 504 and achieving adaptive synchronous clamping.

[0055] Step 4: Start the corner oil cylinder 601 to rotate in the reverse direction, drive the pressure block 603 to disengage from the top surface of the swash plate 2 and rotate to the avoidance position, completely leaving the machining area on the top surface of the swash plate 2 to avoid interference with the subsequent machining tool.

[0056] Step 5: After the machining is completed, retract the piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder 502, drive the connecting shaft 512 to drive the first connecting rod 505 to move upward. The second connecting rod 506 pulls the two second connecting rods 506 to move in the reverse direction through the second pin shaft 508, and the jaw body 503 retracts accordingly. The two jaws 504 synchronously release the end faces of the swash plate 2. The positioning core 404 resets under the elastic force of the compression spring 405, jacks up the swash plate 2 to disengage from the three-point floating positioning mechanism, and removes the swash plate 2 from the tooling for the positioning machining of the next swash plate 2.

[0057] In this embodiment, through the coordinated action of the centering positioning mechanism 4 and the linkage clamping mechanism 5, the geometric tolerance of the swash plate 2 is automatically compensated during the pressing stage to ensure the centering accuracy of the long-shaped hole; during the clamping stage, the self-adaptive adjustment function of the connecting rod structure is used to eliminate the uneven clamping force caused by the deviation of the distance between the two end faces of the swash plate 2. At the same time, the rotational pressing and avoidance of the rotary oil cylinder 601 significantly improve the safety of machining. The centering positioning mechanism 4, the linkage clamping mechanism 5 and the pressing assembly 6 work together to realize the full-process automation of positioning, pressing, machining and unclamping, significantly shortening the clamping time and improving the batch machining efficiency.

[0058] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centering and positioning linkage clamping tooling, comprising a bottom plate (1) and an inclined disk (2), wherein the top of the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected with an upper plate (3) through a support plate (7), and a plurality of groups of clamping toolings are arranged on the upper plate (3), and it is characterized in that: The clamping tooling includes a centering and positioning mechanism (4), a linkage clamping mechanism (5), and a pressing component (6) for pressing down the swash plate (2). The swash plate (2) is located on the centering and positioning mechanism (4). The centering and positioning mechanism (4) includes a positioning reference platform fixed on the upper plate (3). A positioning core (404) with a compression spring (405) is slidably arranged vertically inside the positioning reference platform. The top of the positioning core (404) is sleeved and matched with the long hole of the swash plate (2). A three-point floating positioning mechanism for floatingly positioning the bottom surface of the swash plate (2) is arranged on the positioning reference platform. The linkage clamping mechanism (5) includes two jaw seats (501) fixed on the upper plate (3) and a push-pull oil cylinder (502) fixed on the bottom plate (1). The two jaw seats (501) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first positioning reference (401) in the front-back direction. A jaw body (503) that reciprocates horizontally is arranged inside the jaw seat (501). The piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder (502) is rotatably connected with a first connecting rod (505) along a vertical plane. The two ends of the first connecting rod (505) are respectively connected with a second connecting rod (506). One ends of the two second connecting rods (506) are connected with the first connecting rod (505) through the cooperation of a long slot (507) and a second pin shaft (508). The other ends of the two second connecting rods (506) are connected with the jaw body (503) on the same side through a fourth pin shaft (509). The pressing component (6) is located on either the left or right side of the positioning reference platform.

2. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, wherein: A blind hole (403) is arranged vertically on the positioning reference platform. A first pin shaft arranged radially along the blind hole (403) is fixed inside the blind hole (403) through an opening screw (409). A first pin hole (407) that moves up and down in cooperation with the first pin shaft (408) is arranged on the positioning core (404). The compression spring (405) is sleeved outside the lower end of the positioning core (404). A positioning end (406) that is matched with the long hole of the swash plate (2) is arranged at the top of the positioning core (404).

3. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, wherein: The three-point floating positioning mechanism includes a first positioning block (410), a second positioning block (411), and a floating component. The first positioning block (410) and the second positioning block (411) are fixed on either the left or right side of the positioning reference platform. The floating component is arranged on the other side of the positioning reference platform.

4. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The floating component includes a floating seat (412), in which a horizontal positioning pin hole (415) and a vertical positioning pin hole (416) are provided. The horizontal positioning pin hole (415) is arranged along a direction parallel to the swash plate (2). There are two vertical positioning pin holes (416), and the two vertical positioning pin holes (416) penetrate the horizontal positioning pin hole (415) vertically. A first positioning pin (413) is horizontally and slidably arranged in the horizontal positioning pin hole (415), and a second positioning pin (414) is vertically and slidably arranged in the vertical positioning pin hole (416). Two end portions of the first positioning pin (413) are in sliding fit with the bottoms of the two second positioning pins (414) through inclined surfaces. The top of the second positioning pin (414) extends out of the vertical positioning pin hole (416) and abuts against the bottom surface of the swash plate (2).

5. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve hole (510) with upper and lower openings is provided at the center of the first connecting rod (505). A connecting shaft (512) is rotatably connected in the sleeve hole (510) through a third pin shaft (511). The third pin shaft (511) passes through the connecting shaft (512) and is fixed to the sleeve hole (510). The bottom of the connecting shaft (512) is connected to the piston rod of the push-pull oil cylinder (502).

6. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, wherein: The end of the second connecting rod (506) connected to the first connecting rod (505) is provided with a U-shaped groove (513). Two long grooves (507) are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the U-shaped groove (513) along the axis direction of the second connecting rod (506). The second pin shaft (508) is fixed on the first connecting rod (505) and is slidably arranged in the long groove (507). The second connecting rod (506) is rotatably connected to the jaw seat (501) through a first screw (514).

7. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, wherein: A chute is recessed vertically at the top of the jaw seat (501). A jaw body (503) is arranged in the chute. Both ends of the jaw body (503) extend out of the chute. A jaw (504) is fixed to the top of the end of the jaw body (503) close to the swash plate (2). An anti-slip structure (515) is fixed to the end of the jaw (504) close to the swash plate (2). A gland (516) is fixed to the top of the jaw seat (501), and the gland (516) covers the top of the chute.

8. A centering and positioning linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing component (6) includes a corner oil cylinder (601) fixed on the upper plate (3). The piston rod of the corner oil cylinder (601) is connected to a pressing block (603) through a pressing plate (602).

9. The centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-misalignment post (8) is detachably connected to the top of the first positioning reference (401). The anti-misalignment post (8) is matched with the structural features of the swash plate (2) to achieve anti-misalignment positioning.

10. The usage method of a centering positioning and linkage clamping tooling according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Place the swash plate (2) on the centering positioning mechanism (4), perform direction verification through the anti-misalignment post (8), and make the positioning core (404) located in the long hole at the bottom of the swash plate (2); Step 2: Start the corner oil cylinder (601) to drive the pressing block (603) to rotate and press the top surface of the swash plate (2), forcing the swash plate (2) to contact the positioning core (404) and move downward. The positioning core (404) realizes elastic floating positioning under the action of the compression spring (405). When the pressing block (603) is pressed down, the cooperation position between the positioning core (404) and the long hole is automatically adjusted until the bottom surface of the swash plate (2) is completely attached to the three-point floating positioning mechanism; Step 3: The push-pull oil cylinder (502) works to drive the first connecting rod (505) to move downward. The first connecting rod (505) simultaneously drives the two second connecting rods (506) to move towards the swash plate (2). The two connecting rods drive the jaws (504) to clamp the swash plate (2). At the same time, the first connecting rod (505) can rotate around the connecting shaft (512) in the vertical direction and automatically adjust the displacement of the jaws (504) when the distances between the two end faces of the swash plate (2) are uneven, so as to realize synchronous and equal-force clamping of the two jaws (504); Step 4: The corner oil cylinder (601) rotates in the reverse direction to release the pressing block (603) and create a machining space; Step 5: After the machining is completed, the push-pull oil cylinder (502) resets to drive the first connecting rod (505) to move upward. The first connecting rod (505) simultaneously drives the two second connecting rods (506) to move away from the swash plate (2), driving the two jaws (504) to complete the loosening action, removing the swash plate (2) from the fixture, and performing the positioning machining of the next swash plate (2).

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