System and method for agricultural non-point source pollution treatment

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for agricultural non-point source pollution treatment, and belongs to the field of agricultural environmental protection. The system comprises a water diversion system, a comprehensive treatment system, an operation control system, an electric power system and a monitoring system, the water diversion system is used for introducing upper-layer water in the riverway into the comprehensive treatment system for treatment through siphoning; the comprehensive treatment system is provided with a pretreatment tank, an adsorption treatment tank, an ecological treatment tank and an oxygenation aeration tank, and water in the water diversion system is purified through the pretreatment tank, the adsorption treatment tank, the ecological treatment tank and the oxygenation aeration tank; the operation control system is arranged at the top of the water diversion system, is connected with and controls the electric power system and the monitoring system, is internally provided with a wireless network receiving and transmitting system, feeds back the system operation condition to a management office in real time, carries out early warning in time according to the water quality monitoring condition, and provides information support for system overhaul and maintenance. The system utilizes the synergistic effect of physical, adsorption, biological and other means to realize efficient treatment of agricultural non-point source pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural environmental protection, and specifically relates to a system and method for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural non-point source pollution refers to pollutants caused by agricultural activities such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, livestock and poultry manure, and irrigation drainage. These pollutants diffuse into surface water or groundwater through rainwater runoff, infiltration, etc., becoming the main sources of water eutrophication and soil degradation. The disadvantages of existing treatment technologies include: 1) Insufficient monitoring ability: Most existing technologies collect data manually, making it difficult to grasp the pollution dynamics in real time; 2) Limited treatment efficiency: Single treatment means (such as biological treatment or physical filtration) cannot efficiently treat multiple composite pollutants; 3) Poor economy: High-cost equipment and operation costs limit its wide application. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a systematic, intelligent, economical and efficient agricultural non-point source pollution treatment solution, which uses physical, adsorption, biological and other means to act synergistically to achieve efficient treatment of agricultural non-point source pollutants.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A system for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution, the system includes a water diversion system, a comprehensive treatment system, an operation control system, a power system, and a monitoring and control system; The water diversion system introduces the upper layer of water in the river into the comprehensive treatment system for treatment through siphon action; The comprehensive treatment system is provided with a pretreatment tank, an adsorption treatment tank, an ecological treatment tank and an aeration tank, and the water flow in the water diversion system is purified through the pretreatment tank, the adsorption treatment tank, the ecological treatment tank and the aeration tank; The power system includes photovoltaic panels, large-capacity storage batteries, electric siphon pumps, water replenishment port solenoid valves, ecological treatment tank electromagnetic three-phase valves, pretreatment tank drain port solenoid valves, adsorption treatment tank drain port solenoid valves, ecological treatment tank drain port solenoid valves, and total drain port solenoid valves. The photovoltaic panels are arranged on the top of the adsorption treatment tank and the top of the aeration tank, and the large-capacity storage batteries are arranged at the top of the water diversion tank to store the electric energy of the photovoltaic panels in time, which can ensure the power supply of the system itself; The monitoring and control system includes an influent water quality monitor, an effluent water quality monitor, an influent water level sensor, an effluent water level sensor and a monitoring camera; the influent water quality sensor is arranged in the pretreatment tank to monitor the water quality of the influent; the effluent water quality sensor is arranged on the effluent side of the aeration treatment tank to monitor the effluent water quality; the monitoring camera is arranged on the top of the water diversion tank to monitor the external operation of the system; The operation control system is set on the top of the intake pool, connected to control the power system and the monitoring and control system. A wireless network transceiver system is installed inside, which can feedback the system operation status to the management office in real time, and give early warnings in time according to the water quality monitoring situation, providing information support for system maintenance. At the same time, the management office has the remote control authority and can remotely operate the control panel to improve the emergency maintenance efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0005] Furthermore, the water intake system includes a floating suction head, a water intake pipeline, an intake pool and an electric siphon pump. The floating suction head is connected to the intake pool through the water intake pipeline. The electric siphon pump at the bottom of the intake pool sucks the water in the river into the water intake pipeline and reaches the intake pool. After the water intake is completed, the electric siphon pump is closed, and the water continuously enters the comprehensive treatment system through the siphon effect for treatment.

[0006] Furthermore, the floating suction head includes a floating ring, an external filter, an internal filter, a suction head and a telescopic pipe. The center of the floating ring is fixedly connected to the suction head, and the suction head extends below the water surface; an external filter is arranged at the lower part of the floating ring, and an internal filter is arranged at the inlet section of the suction head and is located inside the external filter; the outlet section of the suction head is fixedly connected to the telescopic pipe, and the telescopic pipe is fixedly connected to the water intake pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the intake pool is provided with a water inlet, a water replenishing port and an electric siphon pump. The water inlet is located at the bottom of the intake pool and is used to introduce the water in the water intake pipeline into the intake pool; the water replenishing port is located at the upper side near the aeration and oxygenation pool of the intake pool, connecting the aeration and oxygenation pool and the intake pool. A water replenishing port solenoid valve is arranged at the water replenishing port. After the water replenishing port solenoid valve is opened, the treated water in the aeration and oxygenation pool can flow into the intake pool, providing the initial operation water volume for the electric siphon pump to ensure that the electric siphon pump smoothly introduces the water in the river into the system for treatment.

[0008] Furthermore, the pretreatment pool is located on one side of the intake pool. After the electric siphon pump is started, the water can flow into the pretreatment pool by gravity through the water outlet of the intake pool. The pretreatment pool is successively provided with a coarse grid and a fine grid along the water flow direction for preprocessing the water entering the system.

[0009] Furthermore, the adsorption treatment pool is provided with an adsorption treatment pool water inlet, an adsorption filler box and a bottom permeable pipe of the adsorption treatment pool. The water treated by the pretreatment pool flows into the adsorption treatment pool through the adsorption treatment pool water inlet, and after being treated by the filler in the adsorption filler box, it then flows into the ecological treatment pool through the bottom permeable pipe of the adsorption treatment pool.

[0010] Furthermore, several adsorption filler boxes are arranged in the adsorption treatment pool. The adsorption filler boxes are arranged in a uniform intermittent manner. The adsorption filler boxes adopt a mesh material with good water permeability, and are internally filled with modified zeolite and iron-based adsorbent in turn, and are filled in the adjacent adsorption filler boxes in an interval manner.

[0011] Furthermore, the ecological treatment pond is provided with an electromagnetic three-phase valve for the ecological treatment pond, a water distribution pipe, filter media, aquatic plants, an overflow trough, and an emptying port for the ecological treatment pond. The electromagnetic three-phase valve for the ecological treatment pond is arranged at the bottom of the ecological treatment pond. The inlet is connected to the bottom permeable pipe of the adsorption treatment pond, and the outlets are respectively connected to the water distribution pipe of the ecological treatment pond and the emptying pipe of the adsorption treatment pond. The water distribution pipe leads from the electromagnetic three-phase valve at the bottom of the ecological treatment pond to the upper end of the ecological treatment pond. The water distribution pipe is evenly provided with a plurality of water outlets to evenly flow water into the ecological treatment pond. The filter media are filled with a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a ceramsite layer, and a soil layer from bottom to top, and the effect of ecological treatment is increased through a variety of filter media. The aquatic plants are planted in the soil layer. The overflow trough is arranged in a long strip shape on the water outlet side of the ecological treatment pond to collect the water treated by the ecological treatment pond and further discharge it to the aeration pond. The emptying port for the ecological treatment pond is located at the bottom of the drainage side of the ecological treatment pond and leads to the aeration pond.

[0012] Furthermore, the aeration pond is provided with aeration heads, a total water outlet, a water replenishment port, an emptying port for the pretreatment pond, an emptying port for the adsorption treatment pond, an emptying port for the ecological treatment pond, and a total emptying port. The aeration heads are evenly arranged at the bottom of the aeration pond to increase the oxygen content of the water body treated by the ecological treatment pond and improve the dissolved oxygen content of the treated water body. The total water outlet is located at the upper side of the aeration pond. The water body with qualified water quality is discharged through the total water outlet and flows into the river. The total emptying port is located at the bottom of the water outlet side of the aeration pond.

[0013] A method for treating agricultural non-point source pollution includes the following steps: (1) Start-up stage When the system is started for the first time, fill the body of the water diversion pond with water to ensure that there is enough water when the electric siphon pump starts. Through operating the control system, start the electric siphon pump, and pump the upper layer of water in the river into the water diversion pond through the floating water suction head and the water diversion pipeline in sequence. When the river water flows to the pretreatment pond, the electric siphon pump stops working. During the subsequent regular water intake start-up, since there is treated water in the aeration pond, the control system can be operated to lead the water to the water diversion pond by controlling the solenoid valve of the water replenishment port, which can ensure the water demand when the electric siphon pump starts without additional water addition. (2) Operation stage 1. Pretreatment pond The water entering the water diversion pond flows into the pretreatment pond by siphonage. The water body passes through the interception of the coarse grille and the fine grille in the pretreatment pond in sequence to further remove the impurities in the water body. 2. Adsorption treatment pond The pretreated water flows by gravity through the inlet of the adsorption treatment tank into the adsorption treatment tank, where adsorption filler boxes are arranged at intervals; after the water body passes through the adsorption filler boxes, under the action of water pressure, the water body is discharged into the ecological treatment tank through the permeable pipes at the bottom of the adsorption treatment tank; 3. Ecological treatment tank The water body is led to the water distribution pipe at the upper end of the ecological treatment tank through the three-way solenoid valve at the lower part of the ecological treatment tank. The water distribution pipe is evenly provided with a plurality of water outlets to evenly flow the water into the ecological treatment tank; filter materials are filled in the lower part of the ecological treatment tank, and a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a ceramsite layer and a soil layer are filled in sequence from bottom to top. Aquatic plants are planted in the upper part. The water body is further purified through the action of the filter materials and aquatic plants in the ecological treatment tank; after the water body is ecologically purified along the water flow direction, it is collected into the long strip-shaped overflow tank of the ecological treatment tank through the overflow action and then flows into the aeration and oxygenation tank; 4. Aeration and oxygenation tank After the water body flows into the aeration and oxygenation tank, under the aeration action of the aeration head, the dissolved oxygen content of the water body after ecological treatment is further increased, and the effluent quality is improved; (3)Maintenance stage 1. Regularly clean the river debris accumulated near the floating water suction head, as well as the debris and sediments intercepted in the pretreatment tank, to prevent the accumulation of sediments from affecting the normal operation of the system; 2. Regularly check the water quality of the influent and effluent. After the adsorption filler is used for a long time, it will reach the adsorption saturation state. When it is found that the effluent water quality deteriorates, the maintenance personnel will replace the filler; 3. Regularly check the health status of the plants in the ecological treatment tank. The ecological treatment tank controls the flow velocity and residence time of the water flow, providing sufficient time and space for the roots of the plants to fully contact the pollutants in the water, increasing the water purification efficiency; the growth of the plants in the ecological treatment tank is regularly trimmed and managed to maintain the vitality and adsorption capacity of the roots; the water flow in the overflow tank also needs to be kept unobstructed, and the dead branches and leaves of the plants that may accumulate in the tank need to be removed regularly; 4. When accidents occur or regular maintenance is carried out on each treatment unit in the comprehensive treatment system, the solenoid valves of the pretreatment tank drain port, the adsorption treatment tank drain port, the ecological treatment tank drain port, and the total drain port can be started or closed through the operation control system to repair and maintain the system, so that the system is in a normal operation state.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention adopts an efficient comprehensive treatment method, using physical, adsorption, biological and other means to act synergistically, and is a comprehensive treatment system integrating high efficiency, environmental protection and easy maintenance.

[0015] 2. The present invention treats the water in river channels and ditches contaminated by agricultural non-point source pollution, and can adjust the sewage treatment volume in real time according to the water volume of the river and the operation and treatment conditions of the system.

[0016] 3. The present invention realizes unattended operation through intelligent management, supports real-time monitoring, dynamic regulation and remote operation, reduces maintenance costs and improves treatment efficiency.

[0017] 4. The system of the present invention has a simple structure, runs self-powered, has low cost and high efficiency, is suitable for large-scale popularization and application, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a system for treating agricultural non-point source pollution according to the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comprehensive treatment system of the present invention; Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating water suction head of the present invention; Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water intake pool and the pretreatment pool of the present invention; Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption treatment pool of the present invention; Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological treatment pool of the present invention; Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aeration and oxygenation pool of the present invention; In the figures, 1. Floating water suction head, 1-1. Floating ring, 1-2. External filter screen, 1-3. Internal filter screen, 1-4. Water suction head, 1-5. Telescopic pipe, 1-51. Telescopic elbow, 1-52. Intermediate pipe, 2. Water intake pipeline, 3. Water intake pool, 3-1. Water intake of the water intake pool, 3-2. Water distribution port, 3-3. Water outlet of the water intake pool, 4. Electric siphon pump, 5. Pretreatment pool, 5-1. Coarse grille, 5-2. Fine grille, 5-3. Drain port of the pretreatment pool, 6. Adsorption treatment pool, 6-1. Water inlet of the adsorption treatment pool, 6-2. Adsorption filler box, 6-3. Bottom permeable pipe of the adsorption treatment pool, 6-4. Modified zeolite, 6-5. Iron-based adsorbent, 6-6. Drain pipe of the adsorption treatment pool, 6-7. Drain port of the adsorption treatment pool, 7. Ecological treatment pool, 7-1. Electromagnetic three-way valve of the ecological treatment pool, 7-2. Water distribution pipe, 7-3. Filter material, 7-4. Aquatic plants, 7-5. Overflow tank, 7-6. Drain port of the ecological treatment pool, 8. Aeration and oxygenation pool, 8-1. Aeration head, 8-2. Total water outlet, 8-3. Total drain port, 9. Photovoltaic panel, 10. Large-capacity storage battery, 11. Monitoring camera, 12. Inlet water quality monitor, 13. Outlet water quality monitor, 14. Inlet water level sensor, 15. Outlet water level sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The technical solutions and effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Embodiment 1

[0020] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, a system for agricultural non-point source pollution control includes a water diversion system, an integrated treatment system, an operation control system, a power system, and a monitoring and control system; The water diversion system introduces the upper-layer water in the river into the integrated treatment system for treatment through siphon action; The integrated treatment system is provided with a pretreatment tank 5, an adsorption treatment tank 6, an ecological treatment tank 7, and an aeration tank 8. The water flow in the water diversion system is purified after flowing through the pretreatment tank 5, the adsorption treatment tank 6, the ecological treatment tank 7, and the aeration tank 8; The power system includes a photovoltaic panel 9, a large-capacity battery 10, an electric siphon pump 4, a water replenishment port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment tank electromagnetic three-phase valve 7-1, a pretreatment tank drain port solenoid valve, an adsorption treatment tank drain port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment tank drain port solenoid valve, and a total drain port solenoid valve. The photovoltaic panel 9 is arranged on the top of the adsorption treatment tank 6 and the top of the aeration tank 8. The large-capacity battery 10 is arranged at the top position of the water diversion tank 3 to store the electric energy of the photovoltaic panel in time, which can ensure the power supply of the system itself; The monitoring and control system includes an influent water quality monitor 12, an effluent water quality monitor 13, an influent water level sensor 14, an effluent water level sensor 15, and a monitoring camera 11; the influent water quality sensor 13 is arranged in the pretreatment tank 5 to monitor the water quality of the influent; the effluent water quality sensor 14 is arranged on the effluent side of the aeration treatment tank 8 to monitor the effluent water quality; the monitoring camera 11 is arranged on the top of the water diversion tank to monitor the external operation of the system; The operation control system is arranged on the top of the water diversion tank 3, connects and controls the power system and the monitoring and control system, and is internally provided with a wireless network transceiver system to timely feedback the operation situation of the system to the management department, and give early warnings in time according to the water quality monitoring situation, providing information support for the system maintenance. At the same time, the management department has remote control authority and can remotely operate the control panel, improving the emergency maintenance efficiency and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0021] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the water diversion system includes a floating water suction head 1, a water diversion pipeline 2, a water diversion pool 3, and an electric siphon pump 4. The floating water suction head 1 is connected to the water diversion pool 3 through the water diversion pipeline 2. The electric siphon pump 4 at the bottom of the water diversion pool 3 sucks the water in the river into the water diversion pipeline 2 and reaches the water diversion pool 3. After the water suction is completed, the electric siphon pump 4 is turned off, and the water continuously enters the comprehensive treatment system through the siphon effect for treatment.

[0022] Further, as Figure 3 shown in the figure, the floating water suction head 1 includes a floating ring 1-1, an external filter screen 1-2, an internal filter screen 1-3, a water suction head 1-4, and a telescopic pipe 1-5. The center of the floating ring 1-1 is fixedly connected to the water suction head 1-4, and the water suction head 1-4 extends below the water surface; an external filter screen 1-2 is arranged at the lower part of the floating ring 1-1. The external filter screen 1-2 provides a preliminary interception function for the floating water suction device to prevent larger debris in the water from entering the system. The aperture of the external filter screen 1-2 is preferably 0.3 - 0.5 μm; an internal filter screen 1-3 is arranged at the inlet section of the water suction head 1-4, located inside the external filter screen 1-2. The internal filter screen 1-3 further filters impurities in the water. The aperture of the internal filter screen 1-3 is preferably 0.1 - 0.2 μm; the outlet section of the water suction head 1-4 is fixedly connected to the telescopic pipe 1-5, and the telescopic pipe 1-5 is fixedly connected to the water diversion pipeline 2.

[0023] Further, the telescopic pipe 1-5 includes telescopic elbows 1-51 and an intermediate pipe 1-52 located between the telescopic elbows 1-51. The telescopic elbows 1-51 can coordinate with each other for telescoping, and the pipeline angle is adjusted by the up and down floating of the floating ring 1-1.

[0024] Further, the floating ring 1-1 is made of high-density polyethylene material and is hollow inside, providing a buoyancy effect for the floating water suction head.

[0025] Further, the water diversion pipeline 2 is preferably an aluminum-plastic composite water supply pipe with a certain anti-damage ability, reducing the risk of pipeline damage along the way.

[0026] Further, the water diversion pool 3 is located at the water inlet position of the comprehensive treatment system, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the water diversion pool 3 is provided with a water inlet 3-1, a water replenishing port 3-2 and an electric siphon pump 4. The water inlet 3-1 is located at the bottom of the water diversion pool 3 and is used to introduce the water in the water diversion pipeline 2 into the water diversion pool 3. The water replenishing port 3-2 is located at the upper side near the aeration tank 8 of the water diversion pool 3, connecting the aeration tank 8 and the water diversion pool 3. The water replenishing port 3-2 is provided with a water replenishing port solenoid valve. After the water replenishing port solenoid valve is opened, the treated water in the aeration tank 8 can flow into the water diversion pool 3, providing the initial running water volume for the electric siphon pump 4 to ensure that the electric siphon pump 4 smoothly introduces the water in the river into the system for treatment. The electric siphon pump 4 is located at the bottom of the water diversion pool 3. After the water diversion pool 3 is filled with water through the water replenishing port 3-2, the electric siphon pump 4 is started by electric power to suck the water body in the river into the water diversion pipeline 2 and reach the water diversion pool 3. After the water suction is completed, the electric siphon pump 4 is closed, and the water body continuously introduces the water body into the comprehensive treatment system for treatment through the siphon effect.

[0027] The outlet of the comprehensive treatment system is located below the lowest water level of the river and can be arranged according to different terrain conditions. When the terrain around the river is relatively high, the excavation method is adopted to ensure that the water body in the river can be introduced into the system through the siphon effect for treatment. The comprehensive treatment system is provided with a pretreatment tank 5, an adsorption treatment tank 6, an ecological treatment tank 7 and an aeration tank 8. The water flow in the water diversion system is purified after passing through the pretreatment tank 5, the adsorption treatment tank 6, the ecological treatment tank 7 and the aeration tank 8.

[0028] Further, as Figure 1 shown, the pretreatment tank 5 is located on one side of the water diversion pool 3. After the electric siphon pump 4 is started, the water can flow into the pretreatment tank 5 by gravity through the water outlet 3-3 of the water diversion pool. As Figure 4 shown, the pretreatment tank 5 is successively provided with a coarse grid 5-1 and a fine grid 5-2 along the water flow direction, which are used for preprocessing the water entering the system to ensure that no large particles enter the subsequent treatment system, avoiding blockage and affecting the operation of the system. The aperture of the coarse grid 5-1 is 0.05-0.1μm, and the aperture of the fine grid 5-2 is 0.03-0.05μm. The pretreatment tank 5 is provided with a pretreatment tank drain port 5-3 at the bottom near the aeration tank 8, which is used to discharge the water body in the pretreatment tank 5 during maintenance or accidents. The top of the pretreatment tank 5 is provided with a maintenance port for easy maintenance or cleaning of sediment.

[0029] The adsorption treatment tank 6 is provided with an adsorption treatment tank water inlet 6-1, an adsorption filler box 6-2 and an adsorption treatment tank bottom permeable pipe 6-3. The water body treated by the pretreatment tank 5 flows into the adsorption treatment tank 6 through the adsorption treatment tank water inlet 6-1, is treated by the filler in the adsorption filler box 6-2, and then flows into the ecological treatment tank 7 through the adsorption treatment tank bottom permeable pipe 6-3. As Figure 5As shown, the water inlet 6-1 of the adsorption treatment tank is located at the upper position on one side of the adsorption treatment tank 6, and is used to introduce the water treated by the pretreatment tank 5 into the adsorption treatment tank 6 for adsorption treatment. A number of adsorption packing boxes 6-2 are arranged in the adsorption treatment tank 6. The adsorption packing boxes 6-2 are arranged in a uniform intermittent manner, which can greatly improve the contact efficiency between the flowing water body and the adsorption packing and improve the adsorption effect. The adsorption packing box 6-2 is made of a grid material with good water permeability (such as fiberglass mesh cloth), and is internally filled with modified zeolite 6-4 and iron-based adsorbent 6-5 in sequence, and is placed in an adjacent adsorption packing box 6-2 in an intermittent manner. The modified zeolite is mainly used to adsorb ammonia nitrogen in agricultural non-point source polluted water, and the iron-based adsorbent is mainly used to adsorb phosphate in agricultural non-point source polluted water. The volume ratio of the modified zeolite to the iron-based adsorbent in the adsorption packing box 6-2 is preferably 1:1. The modified zeolite and the iron-based adsorbent are common substances and belong to public technologies, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0030] The bottom water permeable pipe 6-3 of the adsorption treatment tank is located at the bottom of the water outlet side of the adsorption treatment tank 6, and water seepage holes are uniformly arranged along the pipe wall, and are used to discharge the water body in the adsorption treatment tank into the ecological treatment tank 7.

[0031] The adsorption treatment tank 6 is also provided with an adsorption treatment tank emptying pipe 6-6. When it is necessary to discharge the water body in the adsorption treatment tank 6, the adsorption treatment tank emptying pipe 6-6 is used for emptying.

[0032] The ecological treatment tank 7 is provided with an electromagnetic three-way valve 7-1 for the ecological treatment tank, a water distribution pipe 7-2, filter media 7-3, aquatic plants 7-4, an overflow trough 7-5, and an emptying port 7-6 for the ecological treatment tank. The electromagnetic three-way valve 7-1 for the ecological treatment tank is arranged at the bottom of the ecological treatment tank 7. The inlet is connected to the bottom permeable pipe 6-3 of the adsorption treatment tank, and the outlets are respectively connected to the water distribution pipe 7-2 of the ecological treatment tank 7 and the emptying pipe 6-6 of the adsorption treatment tank. During daily treatment, it leads to the water distribution pipe 7-2 at the upper part of the ecological treatment tank 7, and during maintenance or in case of an accident, it leads to the emptying pipe 6-6 of the adsorption treatment tank, which is used to drain the water in the adsorption treatment tank 6 to facilitate accident maintenance or replacement of the adsorption packing. The water distribution pipe 7-2 is led from the electromagnetic three-way valve 7-1 at the bottom of the ecological treatment tank 7 to the upper end of the ecological treatment tank 7. The water distribution pipe 7-2 is evenly provided with a plurality of water outlets to evenly flow water into the ecological treatment tank 7 and reduce the damage to the roots of plants caused by hydraulic shock. The filter media 7-3 is filled with a coarse gravel layer 7-31, a fine gravel layer 7-32, a ceramsite layer 7-33, and a soil layer 7-34 from bottom to top to enhance the effect of ecological treatment through various filter media. The particle sizes of the coarse gravel layer and the fine gravel layer are preferably 10-30 mm and 2-10 mm. The ceramsite layer and the soil layer are preferably the commonly used ceramsite layer and soil layer for purifying water. The aquatic plants 7-4 are planted in the soil layer 7-34. The types of aquatic plants are selected as plants that adapt to the aquatic environment, are pollution-tolerant, and have well-developed roots to enhance the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body. Cattail, water hyacinth, yellow flag iris, etc. or local suitable aquatic plants can be used. The overflow trough 7-5 is arranged in a long strip shape on the water outlet side of the ecological treatment tank 7 and is used to collect the water treated by the ecological treatment tank 7 and further discharge it to the aeration tank 8. The emptying port 7-6 for the ecological treatment tank is located at the bottom of the drainage side of the ecological treatment tank 7 and leads to the aeration tank 8, which is used to drain the water in the ecological treatment tank 7 during maintenance or in case of an accident.

[0033] Furthermore, the water outlet side of the overflow trough 7-5 adopts an inclined surface and mesh type to prevent the withered leaves of the plants in the ecological treatment tank 7 from flowing into the aeration tank 8, and the withered leaves that may accumulate in the overflow trough 7-5 are removed regularly.

[0034] The oxygen-increasing aeration tank 8 is provided with an aeration head 8-1, a total water outlet 8-2, a water replenishing port 3-2, a pretreatment tank emptying port 5-3, an adsorption treatment tank emptying port 6-7, an ecological treatment tank emptying port 7-6, and a total emptying port 8-3. Solenoid valves are respectively provided at the total water outlet 8-2, the water replenishing port 3-2, the pretreatment tank emptying port 5-3, the adsorption treatment tank emptying port 6-7, the ecological treatment tank emptying port 7-6, and the total emptying port 8-3, namely, a water replenishing port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment tank electromagnetic three-phase valve 7-1, a pretreatment tank emptying port solenoid valve, an adsorption treatment tank emptying port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment tank emptying port solenoid valve, and a total emptying port solenoid valve. The aeration head 8-1 is evenly arranged at the bottom of the oxygen-increasing aeration tank 8 and is used for increasing the oxygen content of the water body treated by the ecological treatment tank 7 and improving the dissolved oxygen content of the treated water body. The total water outlet 8-2 is located at the upper side of the oxygen-increasing aeration tank 8, and the water body with qualified water quality is discharged through the total water outlet 8-2 and flows into the river. The water replenishing port 3-2 provides siphon water volume for the water diversion pool to ensure the normal operation of the electric siphon. The total emptying port 8-3 is located at the bottom of the water outlet side of the oxygen-increasing aeration tank 8 and empties the water in each tank body when the pretreatment tank 5, the adsorption treatment tank 6, the ecological treatment tank 7, and the pressurized aeration tank 8 need to empty the water body.

[0035] The power system includes a photovoltaic panel 9, a large-capacity storage battery 10, an electric siphon pump 4, a water replenishing port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment tank electromagnetic three-phase valve 7-1, a pretreatment tank emptying port solenoid valve, an adsorption treatment tank emptying port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment tank emptying port solenoid valve, and a total emptying port solenoid valve. The photovoltaic panel 9 is arranged on the top of the adsorption treatment tank 6 and the top of the oxygen-increasing aeration tank 8. On the one hand, it provides power for the system, and on the other hand, it prevents external sundries from entering the adsorption treatment tank and the oxygen-increasing aeration tank and affecting the normal operation of the system. The large-capacity storage battery 10 is arranged at the top of the water diversion pool 3, adjacent to the operation control system, and can store the electric energy of the photovoltaic panel in time to ensure the power supply of the system itself.

[0036] The monitoring and control system includes an influent water quality monitor 12, an effluent water quality monitor 13, an influent water level sensor 14, an effluent water level sensor 15, and a monitoring camera 11. The influent water quality sensor 12 is arranged in the pretreatment tank 5 and is used for monitoring the water quality of the influent. The effluent water quality sensor 13 is arranged on the water outlet side of the aeration treatment tank 8 and is used for monitoring the effluent water quality. The monitoring items of the water quality sensor include: dissolved oxygen (DO), pH value, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, etc., so as to adjust the influent water volume in time to ensure sufficient contact time and adsorption efficiency or replace the adsorption filler to ensure the effluent effect. The monitoring camera is arranged on the top of the water diversion pool and is used for monitoring the external operation situation of the system.

[0037] The operation control system is set on the top of the diversion pool 3, connected to control the power system and the monitoring and control system, and is equipped with a wireless network transceiver system inside. It feeds back the system operation status to the management office in real time, gives early warnings in a timely manner according to the water quality monitoring situation, provides information support for system maintenance, and at the same time, the management office has remote control authority and can remotely operate the control panel, improving the emergency maintenance efficiency and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0038] A method for treating agricultural non-point source pollution includes the following steps: (1) Startup stage When the system is started for the first time, fill the diversion pool with water to ensure that there is enough water for the electric siphon pump to start. Through the operation control system, start the electric siphon pump, and pump the upper-layer water in the river into the diversion pool successively through the floating suction head and the water diversion pipeline. After the river water flows to the pretreatment pool, the electric siphon pump stops working. Since the water level of the treated water in the treatment system is lower than the lowest water level of the river, the river water can be led to the treatment system through the siphon effect, which can greatly reduce the system operation cost; Under the action of the telescopic pipe and the floating ring, the floating suction head automatically adjusts the depth of the water intake according to the real-time water level. The external filter screen fixed under the floating ring and the internal filter screen set on the suction head can initially isolate larger sundries from entering the system, reducing the treatment load of the subsequent process; at the same time, since the water taken by the floating suction head is the upper-layer water in the river, the impact on the original river habitat of the original river is relatively small, and the self-purification function of the original river can be exerted at the same time; During the later regular water intake startup, since there is treated water in the aeration tank, the operation control system can control the solenoid valve at the water replenishment port to lead the water to the diversion pool, which can ensure the water demand required for the startup of the electric siphon pump without additional water addition; (2) Operation stage 1. Pretreatment pool The water entering the diversion pool flows into the pretreatment pool by siphon action. The water body passes through the interception of the coarse grille and the fine grille in the pretreatment pool in turn, and further removes the impurities in the water body; since the floating suction head sucks the upper-layer water in the river and there are relatively few heavy particle impurities, the sediment in the pretreatment pool is relatively small, and the sedimented impurities can be cleaned during the later regular maintenance; 2. Adsorption treatment pool The pretreated water flows into the adsorption treatment pool by self-flow through the water inlet of the adsorption treatment pool. Adsorption packing boxes are arranged at intervals in the adsorption treatment pool. The interval arrangement can greatly improve the contact efficiency between the flowing water body and the adsorption packing, and improve the adsorption effect; The adsorption packing box adopts a grid material with good water permeability, and is internally filled with modified zeolite and iron-based adsorbent in turn, and is filled in the adjacent adsorption packing boxes in an interval manner. The modified zeolite is used to mainly adsorb ammonia nitrogen in the water body, and the iron-based adsorbent is used to mainly adsorb phosphate in the water body; After the water body passes through the adsorption filler box, under the action of water pressure, the water body is discharged into the ecological treatment pool through the permeable pipe at the bottom of the adsorption treatment pool; 3. Ecological treatment pool The water body is led to the water distribution pipe at the upper end of the ecological treatment pool through the three-phase solenoid valve at the lower part of the ecological treatment pool. The water distribution pipe is evenly provided with a plurality of water outlets to evenly flow the water into the ecological treatment pool; filter materials are filled in the lower part of the ecological treatment pool, and a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a ceramsite layer and a soil layer are filled in sequence from bottom to top. Aquatic plants are planted in the upper part. The water body is further purified through the action of the filter materials and aquatic plants in the ecological treatment pool; The types of aquatic plants are selected as plants that adapt to the aquatic environment, are pollution-tolerant and have developed root systems to enhance the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body. Cattail, water hyacinth, iris pseudacorus, etc. or local suitable aquatic plants can be used; After the water body is ecologically purified along the water flow direction, it is collected into the long strip-shaped overflow tank of the ecological treatment pool through the overflow action and then flows into the aeration and oxygenation pool. The water outlet side of the overflow tank adopts an inclined surface partition net type, which can prevent the withered branches and fallen leaves of the plants in the ecological treatment pool from flowing into the aeration and oxygenation pool; 4. Aeration and oxygenation pool After the water body flows into the aeration and oxygenation pool, under the aeration action of the aeration head, the dissolved oxygen content of the water body after ecological treatment is further increased, and the effluent quality is improved; The purified water can be introduced into the downstream of the original river water intake through the pipeline by the self-flow action of the water body. The polluted water is purified and then replenished to the original river, improving the water quality in the river without reducing the river water volume, achieving the water environment governance effect of agricultural non-point source pollution; 5. Power system The power system includes a photovoltaic panel, a large-capacity battery, an electric siphon pump, a water supply pipe solenoid valve, an electromagnetic three-phase valve, a pretreatment pool drain port solenoid valve, an adsorption treatment pool drain port solenoid valve, an ecological treatment pool drain port solenoid valve, and a total drain port solenoid valve; The photovoltaic panel is arranged on the top of the adsorption treatment pool and the top of the aeration and oxygenation pool. On the one hand, it supplies power for the system, and on the other hand, it prevents external sundries from entering the adsorption treatment pool and the aeration and oxygenation pool, affecting the operation of the treatment system; The large-capacity battery is arranged at the top position of the water diversion pool, adjacent to the operation control system, which can store the electric energy of the photovoltaic panel in time, ensure the power supply of the system itself, and reduce the operation cost; 6. The monitoring and control system includes an influent water quality monitor, an effluent water quality monitor, an influent water level sensor, an effluent water level sensor and a monitoring camera; The influent water quality sensor is arranged in the pretreatment pool to monitor the water quality of the influent; the effluent water quality sensor is arranged on the effluent side of the aeration treatment pool to monitor the effluent water quality; The monitoring items of the water quality sensor include: dissolved oxygen (DO), pH value, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, etc., so as to adjust the water inflow in time to ensure sufficient contact time and adsorption efficiency, or replace the adsorption filler to ensure the effluent quality; The monitoring camera is set on the top of the intake pool to monitor the external operation of the system; 7. Operation control system The operation control system is set on the top of the intake pool, connected to control the power system and the monitoring and control system, and is internally equipped with a wireless network transceiver system, which feeds back the operation status of the system to the management office in real time, and gives early warnings in time according to the water quality monitoring situation, providing information support for the system maintenance. At the same time, the management office has remote control authority and can remotely control the operation control panel to improve the maintenance efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost; The operation control system can adjust the water volume entering the system according to the real-time monitoring results of the influent and effluent water quality. When the effluent water quality deteriorates, the water inflow can be appropriately reduced or the hydraulic retention time can be increased to ensure that the water quality meets the discharge standards; (3)Maintenance stage 1. Regularly clean the river debris accumulated near the floating suction head, as well as the debris and sediments intercepted in the pretreatment tank, to prevent the accumulation of sediments from affecting the normal operation of the system; 2. Regularly check the influent and effluent water quality. After long-term use, the adsorption filler will reach the adsorption saturation state. When it is found that the effluent water quality deteriorates, the maintenance personnel will replace the filler; 3. Regularly check the health status of the plants in the ecological treatment tank. The ecological treatment tank controls the flow velocity and residence time of the water flow, providing sufficient time and space for the roots of the plants to fully contact the pollutants in the water, increasing the water purification efficiency; the growth of the plants in the ecological treatment tank needs to be regularly pruned and managed to maintain the vitality and adsorption capacity of the roots; the water flow in the overflow tank also needs to be kept unobstructed, and the dead branches and leaves of the plants that may accumulate in the tank need to be removed regularly; 4. When accidents occur or regular maintenance is carried out on each treatment unit in the comprehensive treatment system, the solenoid valves of the emptying ports of the pretreatment tank, the adsorption treatment tank, the ecological treatment tank, and the total emptying port can be started or closed through the operation control system to repair and maintain the system, so that the system is in a normal operation state.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for agricultural non-point source pollution control, characterized in that, The system includes a water diversion system, an integrated treatment system, an operation control system, a power system, and a monitoring and control system; The water diversion system introduces the upper-layer water in the river into the integrated treatment system for treatment through siphon action; The integrated treatment system is provided with a pretreatment tank, an adsorption treatment tank, an ecological treatment tank, and an aeration and oxygenation tank. The water flow in the water diversion system is purified after flowing through the pretreatment tank, the adsorption treatment tank, the ecological treatment tank, and the aeration and oxygenation tank; The power system includes photovoltaic panels, large-capacity storage batteries, electric siphon pumps, water replenishment port solenoid valves, electromagnetic three-phase valves for the ecological treatment tank, solenoid valves for the emptying port of the pretreatment tank, solenoid valves for the emptying port of the adsorption treatment tank, solenoid valves for the emptying port of the ecological treatment tank, and a total emptying port solenoid valve. The photovoltaic panels are arranged on the top of the adsorption treatment tank and the top of the aeration and oxygenation tank. The large-capacity storage battery is arranged at the top of the water diversion pool to store the electric energy of the photovoltaic panels in time, which can ensure the power supply of the system itself; The monitoring and control system includes an influent water quality monitor, an effluent water quality monitor, an influent water level sensor, an effluent water level sensor, and a monitoring camera; the influent water quality sensor is arranged in the pretreatment tank to monitor the water quality of the influent; the effluent water quality sensor is arranged on the effluent side of the aeration treatment tank to monitor the effluent water quality; the monitoring camera is arranged on the top of the water diversion pool to monitor the external operation of the system; The operation control system is arranged on the top of the water diversion pool, connects and controls the power system and the monitoring and control system, and is internally provided with a wireless network transceiver system to timely feedback the operation situation of the system to the management office, and give early warnings in time according to the water quality monitoring situation, providing information support for the system maintenance. At the same time, the management office has remote control authority and can remotely operate the control panel to improve the emergency maintenance efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost.

2. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that The water diversion system includes a floating water suction head, a water diversion pipeline, a water diversion pool, and an electric siphon pump. The floating water suction head is connected to the water diversion pool through the water diversion pipeline. The electric siphon pump at the bottom of the water diversion pool sucks the water in the river into the water diversion pipeline and reaches the water diversion pool. After the water suction is completed, the electric siphon pump is closed, and the water continuously introduces the water into the integrated treatment system for treatment through siphon action.

3. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 2, wherein The floating water suction head includes a floating ring, an external filter screen, an internal filter screen, a water suction head, and a telescopic pipe. The center of the floating ring is fixedly connected to the water suction head, and the water suction head extends below the water surface; an external filter screen is arranged at the lower part of the floating ring, and an internal filter screen is arranged at the inlet section of the water suction head and is located inside the external filter screen; the outlet section of the water suction head is fixedly connected to the telescopic pipe, and the telescopic pipe is fixedly connected to the water diversion pipeline.

4. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 2, wherein The water diversion pool is provided with a water inlet, a water replenishment port, and an electric siphon pump. The water inlet is located at the bottom of the water diversion pool and is used to introduce the water in the water diversion pipeline into the water diversion pool; the water replenishment port is located at the upper side near the aeration and oxygenation tank of the water diversion pool, connects the aeration and oxygenation tank and the water diversion pool, and the water replenishment port is provided with a water replenishment port solenoid valve. After the water replenishment port solenoid valve is opened, the treated water in the aeration and oxygenation tank can flow into the water diversion pool to provide the initial water volume for the operation of the electric siphon pump, ensuring that the electric siphon pump smoothly introduces the water in the river into the system for treatment.

5. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-treatment tank is located on one side of the water intake tank. After the electric siphon pump is started, water can flow into the pre-treatment tank by gravity through the water outlet of the water intake tank. The pre-treatment tank is successively provided with a coarse grille and a fine grille along the water flow direction for pre-treating the water entering the system.

6. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption treatment tank is provided with an adsorption treatment tank water inlet, an adsorption filler box, and a water-permeable pipe at the bottom of the adsorption treatment tank. The water body treated by the pre-treatment tank flows into the adsorption treatment tank through the adsorption treatment tank water inlet, is treated by the filler in the adsorption filler box, and then flows into the ecological treatment tank through the water-permeable pipe at the bottom of the adsorption treatment tank.

7. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 6, wherein, Several adsorption filler boxes are arranged in the adsorption treatment tank. The adsorption filler boxes are arranged in a uniform intermittent manner. The adsorption filler boxes are made of a mesh material with good water permeability, and are internally filled with modified zeolite and iron-based adsorbent in sequence, and are placed in adjacent adsorption filler boxes in a spaced manner.

8. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological treatment tank is provided with an electromagnetic three-way valve of the ecological treatment tank, a water distribution pipe, filter media, aquatic plants, an overflow tank, and an emptying port of the ecological treatment tank. The electromagnetic three-way valve of the ecological treatment tank is arranged at the bottom of the ecological treatment tank, with the inlet connected to the water-permeable pipe at the bottom of the adsorption treatment tank, and the outlet connected to the water distribution pipe of the ecological treatment tank and the emptying pipe of the adsorption treatment tank respectively; the water distribution pipe is led from the electromagnetic three-way valve at the bottom of the ecological treatment tank to the upper end of the ecological treatment tank, and a plurality of water outlets are uniformly arranged on the water distribution pipe to evenly flow water into the ecological treatment tank; the overflow tank is arranged in a long strip shape on the water outlet side of the ecological treatment tank for collecting the water treated by the ecological treatment tank and further discharging it to the aeration tank; the emptying port of the ecological treatment tank is located at the bottom of the drainage side of the ecological treatment tank and leads to the aeration tank.

9. The system for agricultural non-point source pollution control according to claim 1, wherein The aeration tank is provided with aeration heads, a total water outlet, a water replenishment port, an emptying port of the pre-treatment tank, an emptying port of the adsorption treatment tank, an emptying port of the ecological treatment tank, and a total emptying port; the aeration heads are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank for increasing the oxygen content of the water body treated by the ecological treatment tank and improving the dissolved oxygen content of the treated water body; the total water outlet is located at the upper side of the aeration tank, and the water body with qualified water quality is discharged through the total water outlet and flows into the river. The total emptying port is located at the bottom of the water outlet side of the aeration tank.

10. A method for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Startup stage When the system is started for the first time, the pool body of the water intake tank is filled with water to ensure that there is enough water when the electric siphon pump is started. By operating the control system, the electric siphon pump is started, and the upper layer of water in the river is pumped into the water intake tank through the floating water suction head and the water pipeline in sequence. When the river water flows to the pre-treatment tank, the electric siphon pump stops working; during the subsequent regular water intake startup, since there is treated water stored in the aeration tank, the control system can be operated to lead the water to the water intake tank by controlling the solenoid valve of the water replenishment port, which can ensure the water demand when the electric siphon pump is started without additional water addition. (2) Operation stage 1. Pre-treatment tank The water entering the water intake tank flows into the pre-treatment tank by siphon action. The water body passes through the interception of the coarse grille and the fine grille in the pre-treatment tank in sequence to further remove impurities in the water body.

2. Adsorption treatment tank The pretreated water flows by gravity through the inlet of the adsorption treatment tank into the adsorption treatment tank, where adsorption packing boxes are arranged at intervals; after the water body passes through the adsorption packing boxes, under the action of water pressure, the water body is discharged into the ecological treatment tank through the permeable pipes at the bottom of the adsorption treatment tank.

3. Ecological treatment tank The water body is led to the water distribution pipe at the upper end of the ecological treatment tank through the three-way solenoid valve at the lower part of the ecological treatment tank. The water distribution pipe is evenly provided with a plurality of water outlets to evenly flow the water into the ecological treatment tank; filter materials are filled in the lower part of the ecological treatment tank, and a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a ceramsite layer and a soil layer are filled in sequence from bottom to top. Aquatic plants are planted in the upper part. The water body is further purified through the action of the filter materials and aquatic plants in the ecological treatment tank; after the water body is ecologically purified along the water flow direction, it is collected into the long strip-shaped overflow tank of the ecological treatment tank through the overflow action and then flows into the aeration and oxygenation tank.

4. Aeration and oxygenation tank After the water body flows into the aeration and oxygenation tank, under the aeration action of the aeration head, the dissolved oxygen content of the water body after ecological treatment is further increased, and the effluent quality is improved. (3)Maintenance stage 1. Regularly clean the river debris accumulated near the floating water suction head, as well as the debris and sediments intercepted in the pretreatment tank to prevent the accumulation of sediments from affecting the normal operation of the system.

2. Regularly check the water quality of the influent and effluent. After long-term use, the adsorption packing will reach the adsorption saturation state. When it is found that the effluent water quality deteriorates, the maintenance personnel will replace the packing.

3. Regularly check the health status of the plants in the ecological treatment tank. The ecological treatment tank controls the flow velocity and residence time of the water flow, providing sufficient time and space for the roots of the plants to fully contact the pollutants in the water, increasing the water purification efficiency; the growth of the plants in the ecological treatment tank is regularly trimmed and managed to maintain the vitality and adsorption capacity of the roots; the water flow in the overflow tank also needs to be kept unobstructed, and the dead branches and leaves of the plants that may accumulate in the tank need to be removed regularly.

4. When accidents occur or regular maintenance is carried out on each treatment unit in the comprehensive treatment system, the solenoid valves of the emptying ports of the pretreatment tank, the adsorption treatment tank, the ecological treatment tank and the total emptying port can be started or closed through the operation control system to repair and maintain the system and make the system in a normal operation state.

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