Attapulgite fire-resistant ceramsite

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of attapulgite fire-resistant ceramsite, in particular to attapulgite fire-resistant ceramsite. The attapulgite fire-resistant ceramsite is prepared from, by weight, 60-80 parts of blast furnace slag mineral powder, 60-80 parts of kaolin, 40-60 parts of attapulgite clay powder, 30-40 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of coal gangue powder, 10-20 parts of feldspar powder and 4-6 parts of binder. According to the invention, the porous light material of the expanded perlite micro powder is utilized, after the surface treatment of sodium hydroxide, the specific surface area of the expanded perlite micro powder is increased, the subsequent reaction activity is enhanced, and a hybrid layer can be formed on the surface of the expanded perlite through the addition of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane; by adding the nano silicon dioxide, pores can be filled to enhance the structure, so that the compactness and the bonding tightness of the material are improved, and the high temperature resistance and the strength performance of the attapulgite fire-resistant ceramsite are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of attapulgite refractory ceramsite, and specifically provides an attapulgite refractory ceramsite. Background Art

[0002] Attapulgite refractory ceramsite is a porous granular material formed by processing and high-temperature roasting, and is widely used in the kiln linings and insulation layers in the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, etc., as well as in sewage treatment in the environmental protection industry. It is a refractory insulation material with excellent performance.

[0003] In the prior art, the structure of attapulgite refractory ceramsite is formed by mixing multiple composite materials through firing, and there will be connected pores in the fired structure, which affects the high-temperature resistance performance of attapulgite refractory ceramsite. Based on this, the present invention provides an attapulgite refractory ceramsite. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an attapulgite refractory ceramsite. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite prepared by the present invention not only has good high-temperature resistance performance, but also has excellent compressive strength performance, effectively improving the service performance of attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides an attapulgite refractory ceramsite, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 60-80 parts of kaolin, 40-60 parts of attapulgite clay powder, 30-40 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of coal gangue powder, 10-20 parts of feldspar powder, and 4-6 parts of binder; The preparation of the filler includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of the base material. The raw materials of the base material include expanded perlite micropowder, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane; S2: Preparation of the mixture. The raw materials of the mixture include corn starch, water, borax, diatomite, and aluminum sol, and the mass of the mixture is 30-40% of the mass of the base material; S3: Mixing treatment. The base material and the mixture are subjected to mixing treatment to obtain the filler.

[0006] Further, the method for preparing the base material is as follows: Expandable perlite micropowder and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are added into a reaction kettle. The set temperature of the reaction kettle is 60 - 70°C, the stirring speed is 200 - 300 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 30 - 40 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, then the water is drained, and it is added into the reaction kettle. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane are added into the reaction kettle. The set temperature of the reaction kettle is 100 - 120°C, the stirring speed is 300 - 500 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 40 - 60 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then sent into an oven. The oven is set at 60 - 80°C for drying treatment for 4 - 6 h to obtain the base material.

[0007] Further, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2 - 4%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 8 - 12 times the mass of the expandable perlite micropowder, the mass ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane is 1:(0.4 - 0.6):(0.1 - 0.2), the mass of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 2 - 4% of the mass of the expandable perlite micropowder, and the particle size of the expandable perlite micropowder is 20 - 100 μm.

[0008] Further, the method for preparing the mixture is as follows: Corn starch, water, and borax are added into a reaction kettle. The set temperature of the reaction kettle is 60 - 70°C, the stirring speed is 60 - 80 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 8 - 12 min. Then, diatomite and aluminum sol are added into the reaction kettle. After cooling to room temperature, the stirring speed is set at 200 - 300 r / min for stirring treatment for 20 - 30 min to obtain the mixture.

[0009] Further, the mass ratio of corn starch, water, and borax is 1:(4 - 6):(0.2 - 0.4), the mass of diatomite is 30 - 50% of the mass of corn starch, and the mass of aluminum sol is 60 - 80% of the mass of diatomite.

[0010] Further, the method for the mixing treatment is as follows: The base material and the mixture are added into a mixer. The mixer is set at 400 - 600 r / min for stirring treatment for 30 - 40 min. The obtained product is added into a muffle furnace. The muffle furnace is set with a heating rate of 3 - 5°C / min and heated to 500 - 600°C, and kept warm for 20 - 30 min. Then, the cooling rate is set at 4 - 6°C / min and cooled to 40°C to complete the mixing treatment and obtain the filler.

[0011] Further, the particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, and attapulgite clay powder are 2 - 4 mm, and the particle sizes of the coal gangue powder and feldspar powder are ≤1 mm.

[0012] Further, the binder is prepared by the following method: methyl cellulose, water glass, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added to a mixer, and the mixer is set to stir at 120 - 160 r / min for 20 - 30 min to obtain the binder.

[0013] Further, the mass ratio of methyl cellulose, water glass, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol is 1:(0.4 - 0.6):(2 - 3):(0.2 - 0.4).

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing attapulgite refractory ceramsite, comprising the following steps: weigh blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, attapulgite clay powder, filler, coal gangue powder, feldspar powder, and binder as required and add them to a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 400 - 600 r / min for 30 - 40 min. The obtained product is added to a disk granulator for granulation treatment. The resulting particles have a particle size of 3 - 10 mm and a particle length of 20 - 30 mm. The particles are subjected to roasting treatment. The roasting treatment is set with a heating rate of 10 - 15 °C / min, heated to 600 - 800 °C, and held for 3 - 5 h to obtain attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, by using the porous and lightweight material of expanded perlite micropowder, after surface treatment with sodium hydroxide, its specific surface area is increased, enhancing the subsequent reaction activity. By adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane, a hybrid layer can be formed on the surface of expanded perlite, improving the interfacial bonding force with other components. The addition of nano-silica can fill the pores for structural enhancement, improving the density and bonding tightness of the material, and effectively enhancing the high-temperature resistance and strength properties of attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, by adding corn starch and borax components to the mixture, corn starch and borax can form a viscous substance, which can enhance the bonding performance of the material before sintering. At the same time, borax can utilize its flame retardant property, combined with the existence of a dense structure, effectively enhancing the flame retardant and heat resistance properties of attapulgite refractory ceramsite. Aluminum sol can be converted into alumina at high temperature, and by utilizing its high melting point property, further enhancing the high-temperature resistance of attapulgite refractory ceramsite. Specific Embodiments

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, it should be noted that the raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available raw materials.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] A kind of attapulgite refractory ceramsite, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 60 parts of kaolin, 40 parts of attapulgite clay powder, 30 parts of filler, 20 parts of coal gangue powder, 10 parts of feldspar powder, and 4 parts of binder; The preparation of the filler comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of the base material. The raw materials of the base material include expanded perlite micropowder, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane; S2: Preparation of the mixture. The raw materials of the mixture include corn starch, water, borax, diatomite, and aluminum sol. The mass of the mixture is 30% of the mass of the base material; S3: Mixing treatment. The base material and the mixture are subjected to mixing treatment to obtain the filler.

[0021] The method for preparing the base material is as follows: Expanded perlite micropowder and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are added to the reaction kettle. The set temperature of the reaction kettle is 60°C, the stirring speed is 200 r / min, and the constant temperature stirring treatment is carried out for 30 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then drained. Then it is added to the reaction kettle, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane are added to the reaction kettle. The set temperature of the reaction kettle is 100°C, the stirring speed is 300 r / min, and the constant temperature stirring treatment is carried out for 40 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then sent to the oven. The oven is set at 60°C for drying treatment for 4 h to obtain the base material.

[0022] The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 8 times the mass of the expanded perlite micropowder, the mass ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.4:0.1, the mass of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 2% of the mass of the expanded perlite micropowder, and the particle size of the expanded perlite micropowder is 20 μm.

[0023] The method for preparing the mixture is as follows: Corn starch, water, and borax are added to the reaction kettle. The set temperature of the reaction kettle is 60°C, the stirring speed is 60 r / min, and the constant temperature stirring treatment is carried out for 8 min. Then, diatomite and aluminum sol are added to the reaction kettle. After cooling to room temperature, the stirring speed is set at 200 r / min and stirring treatment is carried out for 20 min to obtain the mixture.

[0024] The mass ratio of corn starch, water, and borax is 1:4:0.2. The mass of diatomite is 30% of the mass of corn starch, and the mass of aluminum sol is 60% of the mass of diatomite.

[0025] The method of the mixing treatment is as follows: The base material and the mixture are added into a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 400 r / min for 30 min. The obtained product is added into a muffle furnace. The muffle furnace is set to have a heating rate of 3 °C / min and heated to 500 °C, and then kept warm for 20 min. After that, the cooling rate is set to 4 °C / min and cooled to 40 °C to complete the mixing treatment and obtain the filler.

[0026] The particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, and attapulgite clay powder are 2 mm, and the particle sizes of the coal gangue powder and feldspar powder are ≤1 mm.

[0027] The binder is prepared by the following method: Methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added into a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 120 r / min for 20 min to obtain the binder.

[0028] The mass ratio of methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol is 1:0.4:2:0.2.

[0029] Preparation method: It includes the following steps: Weigh the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, attapulgite clay powder, filler, coal gangue powder, feldspar powder, and binder as required and add them into a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 400 r / min for 30 min. The obtained product is added into a disk granulator for granulation treatment. The obtained particle size is 3 mm and the particle length is 20 mm. The particles are subjected to roasting treatment. The roasting treatment is set to have a heating rate of 10 °C / min and heated to 600 °C, and then kept warm for 3 h to obtain attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] An attapulgite refractory ceramsite, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 70 parts of kaolin, 50 parts of attapulgite clay powder, 35 parts of filler, 25 parts of coal gangue powder, 15 parts of feldspar powder, and 5 parts of binder; The preparation of the filler includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of the base material. The raw materials of the base material include expanded perlite micropowder, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane; S2: Preparation of the mixture. The raw materials of the mixture include corn starch, water, borax, diatomaceous earth, and aluminum sol. The mass of the mixture is 35% of the mass of the base material; S3: Mixing treatment. The base material and the mixture are subjected to mixing treatment to obtain the filler.

[0032] The method for preparing the base material is as follows: Expandable perlite micropowder and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are added to a reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 65°C, the stirring speed is 250 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 35 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then the water is drained. Then it is added to the reaction kettle, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane are added to the reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 110°C, the stirring speed is 400 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 50 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then sent to an oven. The oven is set at 70°C for drying treatment for 5 h to obtain the base material.

[0033] The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 3%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 10 times the mass of the expandable perlite micropowder, the mass ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.5:0.15, the mass of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 3% of the mass of the expandable perlite micropowder, and the particle size of the expandable perlite micropowder is 60 μm.

[0034] The method for preparing the mixture is as follows: Corn starch, water, and borax are added to a reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 65°C, the stirring speed is 70 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 10 min. Then, diatomite and aluminum sol are added to the reaction kettle. After cooling to room temperature, the stirring speed is set at 250 r / min and stirred for 25 min to obtain the mixture.

[0035] The mass ratio of corn starch, water, and borax is 1:5:0.3, the mass of diatomite is 40% of the mass of corn starch, and the mass of aluminum sol is 70% of the mass of diatomite.

[0036] The method for the mixing treatment is as follows: The base material and the mixture are added to a mixer. The mixer is set at 500 r / min and stirred for 35 min. The obtained product is added to a muffle furnace. The muffle furnace is set at a heating rate of 4°C / min and heated to 550°C, and held for 25 min. Then, the cooling rate is set at 5°C / min and cooled to 40°C to complete the mixing treatment and obtain the filler.

[0037] The particle size of the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, and attapulgite clay powder is 3 mm, and the particle size of the coal gangue powder and feldspar powder is ≤1 mm.

[0038] The binder is prepared by the following method: Methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added to a mixer. The mixer is set at 140 r / min and stirred for 25 min to obtain the binder.

[0039] The mass ratio of methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol is 1:0.5:2.5:0.3.

[0040] Preparation method: The following steps are included: Weigh blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, attapulgite clay powder, filler, coal gangue powder, feldspar powder, and binder as required and add them into a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 500 r / min for 35 min. The obtained product is added into a disk granulator for granulation. The resulting particles have a particle size of 6 mm and a particle length of 25 mm. The particles are subjected to roasting treatment. The roasting treatment is set with a heating rate of 12 °C / min and heated to 700 °C, and then held for 4 h to obtain attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] An attapulgite refractory ceramsite, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 80 parts of kaolin, 60 parts of attapulgite clay powder, 40 parts of filler, 30 parts of coal gangue powder, 20 parts of feldspar powder, and 6 parts of binder; The preparation of the filler includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of the base material. The raw materials of the base material include expanded perlite micropowder, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane; S2: Preparation of the mixture. The raw materials of the mixture include corn starch, water, borax, diatomite, and aluminum sol. The mass of the mixture is 40% of the mass of the base material; S3: Mixing treatment. The base material and the mixture are subjected to mixing treatment to obtain the filler.

[0043] The method for preparing the base material is as follows: Expanded perlite micropowder and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are added into a reaction kettle. The reaction kettle is set at a temperature of 70 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min, and subjected to constant-temperature stirring treatment for 40 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then drained of water and added into the reaction kettle. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane are added into the reaction kettle. The reaction kettle is set at a temperature of 120 °C and a stirring speed of 500 r / min, and subjected to constant-temperature stirring treatment for 60 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then sent into an oven. The oven is set at 80 °C for drying treatment for 6 h to obtain the base material.

[0044] The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 4%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 12 times the mass of the expanded perlite micropowder, the mass ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano-silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.6:0.2, the mass of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 4% of the mass of the expanded perlite micropowder, and the particle size of the expanded perlite micropowder is 100 μm.

[0045] The method for preparing the mixture is as follows: Corn starch, water, and borax are added to a reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 70°C, the stirring speed is 80 r / min, and it is stirred at a constant temperature for 12 min. Then, diatomite and aluminum sol are added to the reaction kettle. After cooling to room temperature, the stirring speed is set at 300 r / min and stirred for 30 min to obtain the mixture.

[0046] The mass ratio of corn starch, water, and borax is 1:6:0.4. The mass of diatomite is 50% of the mass of corn starch, and the mass of aluminum sol is 80% of the mass of diatomite.

[0047] The method for the mixing treatment is as follows: The base material and the mixture are added to a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 600 r / min for 40 min. The obtained product is added to a muffle furnace. The muffle furnace is set to have a heating rate of 5°C / min and heated to 600°C, then held at this temperature for 30 min. After that, the cooling rate is set at 6°C / min and cooled to 40°C to complete the mixing treatment and obtain the filler.

[0048] The particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, and attapulgite clay powder are 4 mm, and the particle sizes of the coal gangue powder and feldspar powder are ≤1 mm.

[0049] The binder is prepared by the following method: Methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added to a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 160 r / min for 30 min to obtain the binder.

[0050] The mass ratio of methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol is 1:0.6:3:0.4.

[0051] Preparation method: It includes the following steps: Weigh the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, attapulgite clay powder, filler, coal gangue powder, feldspar powder, and binder as required and add them to a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 600 r / min for 40 min. The obtained product is added to a disk granulator for granulation. The resulting particle size is 10 mm and the particle length is 30 mm. The particles are subjected to a roasting treatment. The roasting treatment is set to have a heating rate of 15°C / min and heated to 800°C, then held at this temperature for 5 h to obtain attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0052] Comparative Example 1. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0053] Comparative Example 2. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain the mixture.

[0054] Comparative Example 3. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example uses an equal amount of kaolin to replace the filler.

[0055] Comparative Example 4. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain fillers.

[0056] Performance test: The attapulgite refractory ceramsite prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 was subjected to performance tests, and the obtained test data were recorded in the following table:

[0057] In the performance test, the test method in GB / T 7322-2017 was used to test the high-temperature resistance of the attapulgite refractory ceramsite prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4; The test method in GB / T 5072-2023 was used to test the compressive strength of the attapulgite refractory ceramsite prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4.

[0058] It can be seen that the high-temperature resistance and compressive strength of the attapulgite refractory ceramsite prepared in Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 are lower than those in Examples 1, 2, and 3; this shows that by using the porous and lightweight material of expanded perlite powder, after surface treatment with sodium hydroxide, its specific surface area is increased, enhancing the subsequent reaction activity. By adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane, a hybrid layer can be formed on the surface of expanded perlite, improving the interfacial bonding force with other components. The addition of nano-silica can fill the pores for structural enhancement, improving the density and bonding tightness of the material, effectively enhancing the high-temperature resistance and strength of the attapulgite refractory ceramsite; By adding corn starch and borax components to the mixture, corn starch and borax can form a viscous substance, which can enhance the bonding performance of the material before sintering. At the same time, borax can utilize its flame retardant property, combined with the existence of a dense structure, effectively enhancing the flame retardant and heat resistance of the attapulgite refractory ceramsite. Aluminum sol can be converted into alumina at high temperature, and by using its high melting point property, further enhancing the high-temperature resistance of the attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

[0059] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in the table, it can be known that the attapulgite refractory ceramsite prepared by the present invention not only has good high-temperature resistance but also excellent compressive strength. This shows that the attapulgite refractory ceramsite provided by the present invention has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for promotion.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A palygorskite refractory ceramsite, characterized in that: It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 - 80 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 60 - 80 parts of kaolin, 40 - 60 parts of attapulgite clay powder, 30 - 40 parts of filler, 20 - 30 parts of coal gangue powder, 10 - 20 parts of feldspar powder, and 4 - 6 parts of binder; The preparation of the filler includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of the base material. The raw materials of the base material include expanded perlite micropowder, 3 - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano - silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane; S2: Preparation of the mixture. The raw materials of the mixture include corn starch, water, borax, diatomite, and aluminum sol. The mass of the mixture is 30 - 40% of the mass of the base material; S3: Mixing treatment. The base material and the mixture are subjected to mixing treatment to obtain the filler.

2. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein, The method for preparing the base material is as follows: Expanded perlite micropowder and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are added to a reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 60 - 70°C, the stirring speed is 200 - 300 r / min, and constant - temperature stirring is carried out for 30 - 40 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, then drained of water and added to the reaction kettle. 3 - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano - silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane are added to the reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 100 - 120°C, the stirring speed is 300 - 500 r / min, and constant - temperature stirring is carried out for 40 - 60 min. The obtained product is rinsed with deionized water, and then sent to an oven. The oven is set at 60 - 80°C for drying treatment for 4 - 6 h to obtain the base material.

3. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2 - 4%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 8 - 12 times the mass of the expanded perlite micropowder, the mass ratio of 3 - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, nano - silica, and methyltrimethoxysilane is 1:(0.4 - 0.6):(0.1 - 0.2), the mass of 3 - aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 2 - 4% of the mass of the expanded perlite micropowder, and the particle size of the expanded perlite micropowder is 20 - 100 μm.

4. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein The method for preparing the mixture is as follows: Corn starch, water, and borax are added to a reaction kettle. The temperature of the reaction kettle is set at 60 - 70°C, the stirring speed is 60 - 80 r / min, and constant - temperature stirring is carried out for 8 - 12 min. Then, diatomite and aluminum sol are added to the reaction kettle. After cooling to room temperature, the stirring speed is set at 200 - 300 r / min and stirring is carried out for 20 - 30 min to obtain the mixture.

5. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of corn starch, water, and borax is 1:(4 - 6):(0.2 - 0.4), the mass of diatomite is 30 - 50% of the mass of corn starch, and the mass of aluminum sol is 60 - 80% of the mass of diatomite.

6. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for the mixing treatment is as follows: The base material and the mixture are added to a mixer. The mixer is set at 400 - 600 r / min for stirring treatment for 30 - 40 min. The obtained product is added to a muffle furnace. The muffle furnace is set with a heating rate of 3 - 5°C / min, heated to 500 - 600°C, and kept warm for 20 - 30 min. Then, the cooling rate is set at 4 - 6°C / min, and cooled to 40°C to complete the mixing treatment and obtain the filler.

7. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle sizes of the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, and attapulgite clay powder are 2 - 4 mm, and the particle sizes of the coal gangue powder and feldspar powder are ≤ 1 mm.

8. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The binder is prepared by the following method: methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol are added to a mixer, and the mixer is set to stir at 120 - 160 r / min for 20 - 30 min to obtain the binder.

9. The attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to claim 8, wherein, The mass ratio of methyl cellulose, sodium silicate, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol is 1:(0.4 - 0.6):(2 - 3):(0.2 - 0.4).

10. A method for preparing attapulgite refractory ceramsite according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Weigh the blast furnace slag powder, kaolin, attapulgite clay powder, filler, coal gangue powder, feldspar powder, and binder as required and add them to a mixer. The mixer is set to stir at 400 - 600 r / min for 30 - 40 min. The obtained product is added to a disk granulator for granulation. The resulting particles have a particle size of 3 - 10 mm and a particle length of 20 - 30 mm. The particles are subjected to a roasting treatment. The roasting treatment is set with a heating rate of 10 - 15 °C / min, heated to 600 - 800 °C, and held for 3 - 5 h to obtain attapulgite refractory ceramsite.

Images