Biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer and application thereof in soil improvement and taxus chinensis growth quality improvement
The biochar-based fertilizer, made from treated straw and biogas liquid, addresses the quality and yield challenges of South China yew cultivation by improving soil quality and taxane production, providing economic and environmental benefits.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510658665.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
AI Technical Summary
Southern yew has high requirements for soil organic matter and nutrient content, weak population reproduction capacity and long growth cycle, resulting in a decrease in paclitaxel content. It is difficult for the existing technology to effectively improve its growth quality and economic benefits, and soil erosion poses a threat to the ecological environment.
Biochar base fertilizer of marsh is prepared by pretreating the tobacco stalks and charcoalized and mixed with the marsh and wood vinegar solution to form a biochar base fertilizer with a particle size of 2.5mm-4.0mm, and applied to southern yew soil to improve soil quality and promote its growth.
It has increased the soil organic matter content and the paclitaxel content of southern yew, reduced the amount of fertilizer application, achieved a win-win situation between economy and the environment, and promoted plant growth and biomass accumulation.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of biochar application technology, soil improvement technology and Taxus chinensis planting management technology, and particularly relates to a biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer and its application in soil improvement and the improvement of the growth quality of Taxus chinensis. Background Art
[0002] The Taxus genus (Taxus L), as an evergreen tree, is generally distributed in broad-leaved forests in subtropical or warm-temperate regions, such as in provinces like Yunnan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Fujian. It is a precious tree species integrating ornamental, timber, and medicinal uses, and has certain scientific, medical, and commercial values. Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis (Pilger) Florin, a species under the Taxus genus, has attracted much attention for its medicinal value. It has obvious curative effects in aspects such as anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and regulating menstruation. All its organs can produce paclitaxel, which is an efficient, low-toxic, and broad-spectrum natural anti-cancer drug and has been widely used in the clinical treatment of cancers such as lung cancer. And 10-DABⅢ, as a key precursor compound for the artificial and biosynthetic production of docetaxel and paclitaxel, not only has the same tumor-inhibiting effect, but also has a higher content and is easier to extract compared to paclitaxel. However, due to the relatively high requirements of Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis for soil organic matter and nutrient content, and its weak population reproduction ability, poor species renewal ability, and long growth cycle, the expansion of its species quantity and scale is greatly restricted, far from meeting the production demand. Moreover, since paclitaxel and 10-DABⅢ are mainly present in the bark, fruits, and leaves of Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis, and the above-ground part of Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis is harvested one to several times a year, it has led to soil degradation and a significant decrease in the paclitaxel content. And research shows that the difference in the content of paclitaxel and its derivatives among different Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis plants in the same environment can reach more than 40 times. Therefore, how to achieve quality improvement and yield increase has become the focus of the cultivation and management of Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis.
[0003] Soil erosion refers to the process in which the surface layer of soil is eroded, transferred, and deposited under the action of natural forces or human activities. Soil erosion not only affects the productivity of land, but also poses a threat to the ecological environment and the sustainable development of agriculture.
[0004] Biogas slurry is the liquid residue after anaerobic fermentation of various organic matters such as human and animal feces and crop straws. It contains various nutrients such as N, P, and K that can be directly absorbed by crops, and also has functions such as antibacterial, stimulating, and stress resistance. Wood vinegar liquid is a reddish-brown liquid obtained by condensing and separating the flue gas generated during the high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass materials such as wood, fruit shells, branches, and crop straws. It has functions such as improving soil, promoting plant growth, and inhibiting bacterial growth. Biochar refers to highly aromatic carbon-rich substances produced by pyrolytic carbonization of biomass under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions. It has a high organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity, and has rich pores, complex functional groups, and a large specific surface area. On the other hand, the stable characteristics of biochar result in slow effectiveness and the inability to quickly provide nutrients. At present, the research on Taxus chinensis in China mainly focuses on extracting taxane compounds for various anti-cancer tests, while there is little research on accelerating the construction of Taxus chinensis plantations and increasing the content of paclitaxel and 10-DAB Ⅲ in Taxus chinensis.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can improve the quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei, which can effectively improve soil quality, increase the economic benefits of planting Taxus chinensis var. mairei, and meet the actual production needs while reducing the application amount of chemical fertilizers and alleviating environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer and its application in soil improvement and the improvement of the growth quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei. The scheme is simple to operate, low in manufacturing cost, easy to produce, can improve the quality and paclitaxel content of Taxus chinensis var. mairei, and has double economic and environmental benefits.
[0007] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0008] A preparation method of a biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer, which includes: pretreating tobacco stalks, then crushing and sieving them, then baking the undersize at a temperature of 68-72 °C for 22-26 h, and then placing them in a biochar carbonizer. Under the atmosphere of a protective gas, the temperature is raised to 490-510 °C at a preset heating rate, and then maintained for 1.5-2.5 h to achieve carbonization treatment. After cooling the product obtained by carbonization treatment to room temperature, grinding and sieving are carried out to obtain biochar. Finally, the biochar is mixed with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid in a preset ratio to prepare the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
[0009] As a possible implementation manner, further, the tobacco stalks in this scheme are Cuibi No. 1 flue-cured tobacco.
[0010] As a possible implementation manner, further, the pretreatment of the tobacco stalks in this scheme includes naturally air-drying the harvested tobacco stalks, removing the surface soil clods and gravels; after pretreatment, the tobacco stalks are crushed and sieved through a 1 cm sieve.
[0011] As a possible implementation, further, the protective gas atmosphere in this solution is a nitrogen atmosphere.
[0012] As a possible implementation, further, the bio-carbonization machine in this solution is heated to 490 - 510 °C at a preset heating rate of 13 °C / min, and then maintained for 1.5 - 2.5 h to achieve carbonization treatment.
[0013] As a possible implementation, further, after the product obtained by carbonization treatment in this solution is cooled to room temperature, it is ground and screened through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain biochar.
[0014] As a possible implementation, further, the biogas slurry in this solution is obtained by removing impurities and solid particles from livestock and poultry manure generated in pig farms, filtering out suspended matter, using microorganisms to ferment and degrade the organic matter in the biogas slurry, and finally obtaining it through precipitation and filtration.
[0015] As a possible implementation, further, the wood vinegar liquid in this solution is obtained by carbonizing tobacco stalks, condensing and recovering the steam generated during the carbonization process to obtain crude wood vinegar liquid, and then obtaining wood vinegar liquid after shaking and filtering the crude wood vinegar liquid.
[0016] As a possible implementation, further, after mixing biochar with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid in a preset ratio, granulation and screening are carried out in a temperature environment of 100 - 110 °C to make the particle size 2.5 mm - 4.0 mm, and then dried at 50 °C for 2 h to obtain the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
[0017] As a preferred alternative implementation, preferably, this solution may specifically include: after the harvested Cuibi No. 1 flue-cured tobacco stalks are naturally air-dried and the surface soil blocks and gravel are removed; then pretreated by crushing and screening through a 1-cm sieve, and then the screened material is baked at 70 °C for 24 h, and then placed in a bio-carbonization machine, and then nitrogen gas is continuously introduced for 5 min as a protective gas, so that the material is heated to 500 °C at a preset heating rate of 13 °C / min in the protective gas atmosphere, and then maintained for 2 h to achieve carbonization treatment, and then the product obtained by carbonization treatment is naturally cooled to room temperature, ground and screened through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain biochar, and finally the biochar is mixed with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid in a preset mass ratio of 10∶3∶0.1, granulated and screened in a temperature environment of 100 - 110 °C to make the particle size 2.5 mm - 4.0 mm, and then dried at 50 °C for 2 h to obtain the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
[0018] Based on the above, this solution also proposes a biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.
[0019] Based on the above, the present solution also proposes the application of biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer in soil improvement and the improvement of the growth quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei, which includes: applying the above-mentioned biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer and biogas slurry to the soil for planting Taxus chinensis var. mairei to achieve soil improvement and the improvement of the quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei, so that the taxol content of Taxus chinensis var. mairei increases.
[0020] Adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present solution provides a preparation method of biogas slurry biochar fertilizer. After the prepared biogas slurry biochar fertilizer is applied, it has a positive impact on the content of soil organic matter and the improvement of the growth quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei. In terms of the preparation method, the present solution uses tobacco stalks to prepare tobacco stalk biochar by pyrolysis at 500 °C and fully mixes it with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid to make biogas slurry biochar fertilizer. Among them, the effects of biochar fertilizer on plants include: providing nutrients required for plant growth, promoting plant growth and biomass accumulation, improving the photosynthetic ability of plants, and improving plant quality. Through experimental verification, after the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer of the present solution is applied, it has positive effects on soil pH and water content, and the contents of soil organic matter, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium compared with the unapplied product. In particular, the taxol content and the content of 10-DABⅢ in branches and leaves are significantly increased compared with the unapplied ones. This method is simple to operate, has a low manufacturing cost, is easy to produce, reduces the application of chemical fertilizers, and truly achieves a win-win situation for economy and environment. Detailed implementation mode
[0021] The following combines examples to make a further detailed description of the present invention. It should be particularly noted that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following examples are only partial examples of the present invention rather than all examples. All other examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] A preparation method of a biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer for the present implementation scheme includes:
[0023] After the harvested Cuitian No. 1 flue-cured tobacco stalks are naturally air-dried and the surface soil clods and gravel are removed; they are pretreated by crushing and passing through a sieve with a 1 cm specification, and then the material passing through the sieve is baked at a temperature of 70 °C for 24 h, and then placed in a bio-carbonization machine. Subsequently, nitrogen is continuously introduced for 5 min as a protective gas, and at the same time, the oxygen in the bio-carbonization machine is discharged, so that the material is heated to 500 °C at a preset heating rate of 13 °C / min under the atmosphere of the protective gas, and then maintained for 2 h to achieve carbonization treatment. After the product obtained by the carbonization treatment is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is ground and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain biochar. Finally, the biochar is mixed with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid according to a preset mass ratio of 10:3:0.1, granulated and sieved at a temperature of 100-110 °C, so that the particle size is between 2.5 mm and 4.0 mm, and then dried at a temperature of 50 °C for 2 h to obtain the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
[0024] Among them, after the biochar prepared in this implementation scheme is tested, its basic properties are as follows:
[0025] pH 9.7, ash content 22.9%, total carbon 645.20 g·kg -1 , total nitrogen 22.11 g·kg -1 , total phosphorus 2.52 g·kg -1 , total potassium 118.82 g·kg -1 .
[0026] The biogas slurry described in this scheme is obtained by removing impurities and solid particles from livestock and poultry manure generated by pig farms, filtering out suspended matters, using microorganisms to ferment and degrade the organic matter in the biogas slurry, and finally obtaining it through precipitation and filtration. Its basic nutrients are as follows: pH 7.69, total nitrogen 264.08 mg·L -1 , total phosphorus 34.83 mg·L -1 , total potassium 127.35 mg·L -1 .
[0027] The wood vinegar liquid described in this scheme is obtained by carbonizing tobacco stalks, condensing and recovering the steam generated during the carbonization process to obtain crude wood vinegar liquid, and then obtaining wood vinegar liquid through shaking and filtering.
[0028] In order to further explore the application of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer prepared in this example scheme in soil improvement and the improvement of the growth quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei, the following tests are also proposed in this example scheme.
[0029] Test Example 1
[0030] The test object is 5-year-old Taxus chinensis var. mairei in the south. The test is a field test. The basic chemical properties of the soil used in the test are: pH 5.64, organic matter 8.38 g·kg -1 , field water holding capacity 101.81 g·kg -1, Alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen 26.17 mg·kg -1 , Available phosphorus 18.84 mg·kg -1 , Available potassium 12.34 mg·kg -1 .
[0031] This experiment set up 2 treatments: control group and biogas slurry group. The control group was the non-fertilization treatment, and the biogas slurry group was the treatment with the aforementioned biogas slurry (the biogas slurry was obtained by removing impurities and solid particles from livestock and poultry manure produced in the pig farm, filtering out suspended solids, using microorganisms to ferment and degrade the organic matter in the biogas slurry, and finally obtaining it through precipitation and filtration. Its basic nutrients were as follows: pH 7.69, total nitrogen 264.08 mg·L -1 , total phosphorus 34.83 mg·L -1 , total potassium 127.35 mg·L -1 .). There were 4 replicates for each treatment. The application rate of biogas slurry was 3 L·plant -1 , which was evenly applied near the dripline of the plants and applied once every 2 months. The same management measures were taken, and after two years of planting, the physical and chemical properties of the soil, plant height, diameter at breast height, fruit yield, taxol content in branches and leaves, and 10-DABⅢ content in branches and leaves were measured.
[0032] The effects of biogas slurry on the physical and chemical properties of the soil are shown in Table 1. In the biogas slurry group, the soil pH, soil water content, soil organic matter, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents were all increased compared with the control group, by 26.25%, 133.22%, 51.54%, 32.84%, 19.30%, and 21.89% respectively.
[0033] Table 1 Effects of biogas slurry biochar fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of the soil
[0034]
[0035] The results of the effects of biogas slurry on the growth and quality improvement of Taxus chinensis var. mairei are shown in Table 2. In the biogas slurry group, the plant height, diameter at breast height, fruit yield, taxol content, and 10-DABⅢ content in branches and leaves of Taxus chinensis var. mairei were all increased compared with the control group, by 8.44%, 9.35%, 32.76%, 84.28%, 31.20%, and 21.81% respectively.
[0036] Table 2 Effects of biogas slurry biochar fertilizer on the growth and quality of Taxus chinensis var. mairei
[0037]
[0038] Experimental example 2
[0039] The experimental object was 5-year-old Taxus chinensis var. mairei. The experiment was a field experiment. The basic chemical properties of the soil used in the experiment were: pH 5.64, organic matter 8.38 g·kg -1, total nitrogen: 0.52 g·kg -1 , total phosphorus: 0.41 g·kg -1 , total potassium: 1.68 g·kg -1 , available nitrogen: 26.17 mg·kg -1 , available phosphorus: 18.84 mg·kg -1 , available potassium: 12.34 mg·kg -1 .
[0040] Two treatments were set up in this experiment: the control group and the experimental group. The control group was the non-fertilization treatment, and the experimental group was the treatment with the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer prepared in the above-mentioned example. Each treatment had 4 replicates. The application rate of the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer was 500 g·plant -1 , and the application method was to mix the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer evenly with the soil and then apply it to the soil. The same management measures were taken, and after two years of planting, the physical and chemical properties of the soil, plant height, diameter at breast height, fruit yield, taxol content in branches and leaves, and 10-DABⅢ content in branches and leaves were measured.
[0041] The results of the influence of the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of the soil are shown in Table 3. In the experimental group, the soil pH, soil water content, soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents were all increased compared with the control group, by 2.15%, 124.99%, 130.71%, 365.10%, 63.23%, and 52.40% respectively.
[0042] Table 3 Influence of biogas slurry biochar fertilizer on physical and chemical properties of soil
[0043]
[0044] The results of the influence of the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer on the growth and quality improvement of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei are shown in Table 4. In the experimental group, the plant height, diameter at breast height, fruit yield, taxol content, and 10-DABⅢ content in branches and leaves of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei were all significantly increased compared with the control group, by 11.07%, 12.55%, 49.14%, 96.82%, and 32.22% respectively.
[0045] Table 4 Influence of biogas slurry biochar fertilizer on growth and quality of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei
[0046]
[0047] Based on the above analysis, it can be known that the biogas slurry biochar fertilizer can not only effectively promote the increase of soil organic carbon content and improve eroded poor land, but also has the best effect on improving the quality and taxol content of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei, lower cost, and optimal comprehensive benefits compared with the blank control group and the group only applying biogas slurry.
[0048] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall similarly be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A preparation method of biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes: After pre-treating the tobacco stalks, they are crushed and sieved. Then the material passing through the sieve is baked at a temperature of 68 - 72 °C for 22 - 26 h, and then placed in a bio-carbonization machine. Under the atmosphere of a protective gas, it is heated to 490 - 510 °C at a preset heating rate, and then maintained for 1.5 - 2.5 h to achieve carbonization treatment. After the product obtained from the carbonization treatment is cooled to room temperature, it is ground and sieved to obtain biochar. Finally, the biochar is mixed with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid in a preset ratio to prepare the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tobacco stalks are the Cuibi No. 1 flue-cured tobacco. Pre-treating the tobacco stalks includes naturally air-drying the harvested tobacco stalks and then removing the surface soil clods and gravel. The pre-treated tobacco stalks are crushed and sieved through a 1 cm sieve.
3. The preparation method of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atmosphere of the protective gas is a nitrogen atmosphere. The bio-carbonization machine is heated to 490 - 510 °C at a preset heating rate of 13 °C / min, and then maintained for 1.5 - 2.5 h to achieve carbonization treatment.
4. The preparation method of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the product obtained from the carbonization treatment is cooled to room temperature, it is ground and sieved through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain biochar.
5. The biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biogas slurry is obtained by removing impurities and solid particles from livestock and poultry manure generated in pig farms, filtering out suspended substances, using microorganisms to ferment and degrade the organic matter in the biogas slurry, and finally obtaining it through sedimentation and filtration.
6. The preparation method of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein, The wood vinegar liquid is obtained by carbonizing the tobacco stalks, condensing and recovering the steam generated during the carbonization process to obtain crude wood vinegar liquid, and then subjecting the crude wood vinegar liquid to shaking and filtration to obtain wood vinegar liquid.
7. The preparation method of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, After mixing the biochar with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid in a preset ratio, granulation and sieving are carried out in a temperature environment of 100 - 110 °C to make its particle size 2.5 mm - 4.0 mm, and then it is dried at 50 °C for 2 h to prepare the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
8. The preparation method of the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes: After naturally air-drying the harvested Cuibi No. 1 flue-cured tobacco stalks and removing the surface soil clods and gravel. Then it is pre-treated by crushing and sieving through a 1 cm sieve. Then the material passing through the sieve is baked at a temperature of 70 °C for 24 h, and then placed in a bio-carbonization machine. Subsequently, nitrogen is continuously introduced for 5 min as the protective gas, so that the material is heated to 500 °C at a preset heating rate of 13 °C / min under the atmosphere of the protective gas, and then maintained for 2 h to achieve carbonization treatment. After the product obtained from the carbonization treatment is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is ground and sieved through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain biochar. Finally, the biochar is mixed with biogas slurry and wood vinegar liquid in a preset mass ratio of 10∶3∶0.1, and then granulation and sieving are carried out in a temperature environment of 100 - 110 °C to make its particle size 2.5 mm - 4.0 mm, and then it is dried at 50 °C for 2 h to prepare the biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer.
9. A biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Application of biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer in soil improvement and improvement of growth quality of Taxus chinensis, characterized in that, The biogas slurry biochar base fertilizer described in claim 9 is applied in combination with biogas slurry to the soil for planting Taxus chinensis var. mairei to achieve soil improvement and quality improvement of Taxus chinensis var. mairei, and increase the taxol content of Taxus chinensis var. mairei.