A high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, which belongs to the technical field of pile foundation construction. The bored pile construction method of the present invention includes the steps of pile hole drilling, steel cage installation and concrete pouring. In the process of pile hole drilling, a new type of bored pile driver is used, and an innovative reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting circulation system is designed. During the drilling process, high-pressure and low-pressure circulating liquid jets are used in conjunction with an alloy drill bit to cut the soil. At the same time, high-pressure air is used to carry the circulating liquid and drill cuttings and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole, thereby improving the soil cutting and crushing efficiency and being able to cope with various geological conditions. At the same time, the high-pressure air maintains a positive pressure in the borehole, improves the stability of the hole wall, and significantly increases the drilling depth. In addition, the drilling drive mechanism of the pile driver adopts a sliding design, which can directly carry out subsequent steel cage installation and concrete pouring operations, thereby improving the operational convenience and construction efficiency of bored piles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bored cast-in-place pile construction method, and more particularly to a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored cast-in-place pile construction method. Background Art

[0002] As a widely used foundation construction technology, bored piles occupy a vital position in construction projects due to their high bearing capacity, adaptability, and simple construction equipment. However, with the continuous development of engineering construction, the requirements for bored pile construction efficiency and quality are becoming increasingly stringent. Existing bored pile construction methods have gradually exposed numerous problems when faced with complex geological conditions and high efficiency requirements, urgently requiring improvement and innovation.

[0003] The existing bored pile machines generally have the following shortcomings:

[0004] (1) Power transmission and construction efficiency issues of ordinary drilling rigs

[0005] Conventional drilling rigs primarily use a horizontal grinding disc to drive the drill rod, which then transmits power to the drill bit. The drill bit uses a high-speed rotating alloy material to cut and crush the soil, and then relies on mud to carry the drill cuttings out of the hole. The specific structural principle can be found in the "Hydraulic Grinding Disc Drilling Rig" disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN2460718Y. However, this power transmission method has obvious limitations:

[0006] Power loss: When the drill rod is long, some energy will be lost in the process of power transmission from the grinding disc to the drill bit, resulting in a decrease in the actual cutting ability of the drill bit;

[0007] Layered cutting: Due to the limitations of drill bit torque and drilling pressure, each soil cutting needs to be carried out in very fine layers, which not only increases drill bit wear but also significantly reduces construction efficiency;

[0008] Low mud circulation efficiency: Construction must be carried out strictly according to the designed mud density, viscosity and other parameters. If the construction parameters are not appropriate, the drill cuttings cannot be discharged in time, further affecting the cutting efficiency of the drill bit.

[0009] (2) Drilling problems in old clay and clay layers

[0010] In old clay and clay layers, the drilling efficiency of ordinary drilling rigs is extremely low. The main reasons include:

[0011] Soil characteristics: Old clay and clay layers have high viscosity and plasticity. The drill bit easily adheres to the soil during cutting, resulting in drill sticking.

[0012] Insufficient mud carrying capacity: The mud has limited effect in these soil layers and cannot effectively flush the soil adhering to the drill bit;

[0013] Drill bit design defects: The slag discharge groove design of ordinary drill bits is unreasonable, which cannot effectively discharge clay soil, further aggravating the drill sticking problem.

[0014] (3) Drilling efficiency issues in thick sand and gravel layers

[0015] In thick sand and gravel layers, the drilling efficiency of ordinary positive circulation pile drivers is particularly low, mainly manifested in the following aspects:

[0016] Characteristics of gravel layer: There are a lot of hard particles in the gravel layer. Ordinary drill bits need to break these particles multiple times, which increases drill bit wear and energy consumption.

[0017] Insufficient mud-carrying capacity: Positive circulation drilling rigs rely on mud to carry drill cuttings upwards. However, in gravel layers, the mud's carrying capacity is insufficient, causing drill cuttings to accumulate at the bottom of the hole, affecting drilling efficiency.

[0018] Unreasonable drill bit design: The tooth shape and slag groove design of ordinary drill bits cannot effectively crush and discharge gravel particles.

[0019] (4) Negative pressure and depth limitation issues of reverse circulation drilling rigs

[0020] Conventional reverse circulation drilling rigs mainly rely on gas lift reverse circulation or pump suction reverse circulation. The specific structural principles can be found in the Chinese patent publication No. CN116591593A, "A drilling rig capable of realizing gas lift reverse circulation construction and a combined drilling construction method." However, these rigs have the following problems:

[0021] Negative pressure leads to collapse: The working principle of gas lift reverse circulation and pump suction reverse circulation is to discharge drill cuttings by generating negative pressure, but this negative pressure environment can easily lead to hole wall collapse, especially in loose soil layers;

[0022] Vacuum limitation: The efficiency of ordinary pump reverse circulation drilling rigs is limited by the vacuum level. As the drilling depth increases (drilling depth is above 70-80 meters), it becomes more difficult to maintain the vacuum level, resulting in reduced mud circulation efficiency and a significant drop in drilling efficiency.

[0023] Insufficient equipment performance: The equipment performance of ordinary reverse circulation drilling rigs cannot meet the requirements of deep hole drilling, such as insufficient pump power and insufficient efficiency of the gas lift system.

[0024] (5) Drilling rig travel efficiency issues

[0025] Ordinary drilling machines use a tube-type walking method, which has extremely low walking efficiency and seriously affects construction efficiency. Even some advanced drilling machines use crawler or walking walking methods, but they still have the following problems:

[0026] Limitations of crawler travel: Although crawler drilling rigs have certain mobility capabilities, their unidirectional travel characteristics limit their flexibility on complex terrains;

[0027] Disadvantages of walking type: Although the walking type drilling rig can achieve multi-directional movement, it mainly relies on the long boat to walk, and the moving speed is still slow; the structural principle of the walking type drilling rig can be referred to the "A walking type full-rotation drilling rig" disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN202882757U;

[0028] Impact on construction efficiency: Although Chinese patent publication number CN209457867U also discloses "a full-casing, full-rotation drilling rig with a combination of walking and crawler tracks", which can combine the advantages of walking and crawler tracks, the walking movement and turning speed are still relatively slow; the walking efficiency of the drilling rig directly affects the construction progress. When the drilling rig is frequently moved, the inefficient walking method will lead to prolonged construction time.

[0029] (6) Verticality control problem

[0030] At present, the verticality of ordinary drilling machines is mainly controlled by a single-direction centralizer, which has the following problems:

[0031] Design flaws of the centralizer: The centralizer in one direction cannot fully control the verticality of the drill pipe, and the verticality in the other direction cannot be guaranteed;

[0032] Insufficient drill pipe stability: The drill pipe is easily affected by factors such as formation changes and drill bit vibration during drilling. If the drill pipe is not stable enough, it is difficult to ensure the verticality of the drill hole even with a stabilizer;

[0033] Difficulty in measurement and adjustment: During the construction process, measuring and adjusting the verticality of the drill hole is a complicated process. If the centralizer cannot effectively control the verticality, frequent measurement and adjustment are required, which increases the difficulty and cost of construction.

[0034] (7) The problem of hole collapse of rotary drilling rig in soft soil areas

[0035] A rotary drilling rig is a construction machine suitable for drilling holes in building foundation projects. It is mainly suitable for construction in sandy soil, clay soil, silty soil and other soil layers. It is widely used in various foundation construction projects such as cast-in-place piles, continuous walls, and foundation reinforcement. However, when working in soft soil areas, rotary drilling rigs are prone to hole collapse. The main reasons include:

[0036] Soft soil characteristics: Soft soil has low shear strength and high compressibility, and is easily disturbed and collapses;

[0037] Working principle of rotary drilling rig: Rotary drilling rig digs soil directly by rotating the drill bit, which greatly disturbs the soil and easily destroys the stability of the hole wall;

[0038] Insufficient mud wall protection: When constructing in soft soil areas, the wall protection function of mud is crucial. If the performance of the mud is not enough to support the hole wall, the hole collapse phenomenon will become more serious.

[0039] (8) The drilling efficiency of rotary drilling rigs

[0040] Each time a rotary drilling rig digs soil, the drill bit needs to be fully pulled out. For drilling holes deeper than 50 meters, the following problems arise:

[0041] High drill lifting frequency: The rotary drilling rig needs to lift the drill bit out of the hole each time before the next excavation operation can be carried out. The high drill lifting frequency prolongs the construction time.

[0042] Increased equipment wear: Frequent drilling processes will lead to increased wear of the drill rod and drill bit, increasing equipment maintenance costs;

[0043] Rising construction costs: The increased frequency of drilling not only prolongs construction time, but also increases equipment energy consumption and labor costs. These problems are particularly prominent for drilling holes deeper than 50 meters.

[0044] In summary, existing common bored pile construction methods have numerous issues with efficiency, adaptability, and verticality control, particularly in complex geological conditions. Therefore, addressing these common shortcomings of existing bored pile construction methods, a new construction method and equipment that can overcome these issues is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0045] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0046] The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing bored pile construction methods and equipment, and to provide an efficient reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method. The present invention utilizes the technical solution of the present invention. During the pile hole drilling process, high-pressure and low-pressure circulating fluid jets are used in conjunction with an alloy drill bit to cut the soil. Simultaneously, high-pressure air is used to carry the circulating fluid and drill cuttings outward along a slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole. This method improves soil cutting and crushing efficiency and is suitable for geological conditions such as ordinary soil, old clay, thick sand layers, and gravel layers. Furthermore, high-pressure air is used to quickly discharge the circulating fluid from the bottom of the hole, greatly improving the efficiency of removing drill cuttings with larger particles, thereby significantly improving drilling efficiency. Furthermore, the high-pressure air maintains a positive pressure in the borehole, improving the stability of the hole wall and significantly increasing the drilling depth. Furthermore, the drilling drive mechanism of the pile driver is integrated into the slide. After drilling is completed, the drilling drive mechanism can be directly removed, and subsequent reinforcement cage installation and concrete pouring operations can be directly performed using the construction through-hole on the pile driver. This significantly improves the convenience of operation and the efficiency of bored pile construction.

[0047] 2. Technical solution

[0048] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0049] The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, comprising the following construction steps:

[0050] S1. Pile hole drilling:

[0051] First, the pile driver is moved to the pile position. A slide is provided on the main chassis of the pile driver. A hydraulic rotary drive and a hydraulic lifting drive are provided on the slide. A hydraulic centralizer is provided on the upper part of the hydraulic lifting drive. A multi-channel rotary diverter is provided on the hydraulic centralizer above the hydraulic rotary drive. A construction through hole is also provided on the main chassis.

[0052] Then, the hydraulic rotary drive is driven by the slide to move to the top of the construction through hole, and the drilling tool is installed. The upper part of the drilling tool is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter, and the drilling tool passes through the hydraulic rotary drive and cooperates with it. The drilling tool includes an alloy drill bit and several sections of power drill rods. The alloy drill bit is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter through the power drill rod. The alloy drill bit is respectively provided with a low-pressure injection port, a high-pressure alloy nozzle and a high-pressure air nozzle connected to the corresponding channels in the multi-channel rotary diverter; the multi-channel rotary diverter is respectively connected to a low-pressure grouting pump, a high-pressure grouting pump and an air compressor.

[0053] Afterwards, the hydraulic rotary drive and the hydraulic lifting drive are started to drive the drill tool to rotate and drill, and the low-pressure grouting pump, the high-pressure grouting pump and the air compressor are started at the same time. While the drill tool rotates and drills, the low-pressure grouting pump and the high-pressure grouting pump are used to deliver circulating fluid to the bottom of the borehole, forming low-pressure jets and high-pressure jets to cut the soil and clean the drill bit. The air compressor is used to deliver high-volume high-pressure air to the bottom of the borehole, and the high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid and drill cuttings and discharges them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill pipe and the borehole.

[0054] During the pile hole drilling process, power drill rods are added in sequence according to the designed pile hole depth until the hole reaches the predetermined depth; after the hole is cleaned, the drill tool is lifted to complete the pile hole construction;

[0055] S2. Steel cage installation:

[0056] Slide the slide to one side to expose the construction hole, lift the steel cage with a crane, and lower it into the pile hole through the construction hole and secure it;

[0057] S3. Concrete pouring:

[0058] The grouting tube is lowered into the pile hole, and the hole is cleaned for the second time after the grouting tube is in place; after the hole cleaning is completed, a grouting hopper is installed on the top of the grouting tube, and the grouting hopper is used to pour concrete. The grouting tube is removed in sequence according to the pouring situation until the concrete is poured to the guide pile top and the design requirement elevation.

[0059] Furthermore, the hole cleaning method in step S1 is as follows: using a hydraulic rotary drive to keep the drill tool rotating, while starting a low-pressure grouting pump, a high-pressure grouting pump, and an air compressor to deliver hole cleaning circulating fluid and compressed air to the bottom of the pile hole, and using the compressed air to carry the hole cleaning circulating fluid and hole cleaning debris and discharge them outward along a slag discharge channel between the drill tool and the pile hole;

[0060] The secondary hole cleaning in step S3 adopts positive circulation large pump volume hole cleaning or air lift reverse circulation hole cleaning.

[0061] Furthermore, in step S1, the hydraulic centralizer is composed of four telescopic centralizing cylinders distributed in a horizontal "cross" shape, the cylinder ends of the four telescopic centralizing cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting heads on the multi-channel rotary diverter, and the telescopic rod ends of the four telescopic centralizing cylinders are all installed with centralizing positioning plates, and the main machine chassis is also provided with a main machine frame; during the pile hole drilling process, the four telescopic centralizing cylinders are controlled to extend so that each centralizing positioning plate fits into the corresponding sliding track on the main machine frame to adjust the verticality of the drilling tool.

[0062] Furthermore, in step S1, the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod is a regular polygon, the hydraulic rotary drive is provided with a rotating disk, and the rotating disk has a transmission hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod; the drill rod body of the power drill rod is provided with a drill rod upper joint and a drill rod lower joint at both ends, and adjacent power drill rods are fixedly connected by corresponding drill rod upper joints and drill rod lower joints; the lower end of the multi-channel rotary diverter has a rotating seat connecting section that can be fixedly connected to the above-mentioned drill rod upper joint; the upper end of the alloy drill bit has a drill bit connecting section that can be fixedly connected to the above-mentioned drill rod lower joint; after one section of the power drill rod is drilled, the rotating seat connecting section and the drill rod upper joint are loosened, and the multi-channel rotary diverter is lifted by the hydraulic lifting drive, and the next section of the power drill rod is installed between the drill rod upper joint of the previous section of the power drill rod and the rotating seat connecting section of the multi-channel rotary diverter.

[0063] Furthermore, the rotating seat connecting joint and the upper joint of the drill pipe of the adjacent power drill pipe, the corresponding upper joint and lower joint of the drill pipe of the adjacent power drill pipe, and the drill bit connecting joint and the lower joint of the drill pipe of the adjacent power drill pipe are all connected by non-circular cross-section plug-in and fixed by connecting nuts; the upper joint of the drill pipe also has a channel joint for connecting to the corresponding channel, and the drill bit connecting joint also has a diverter joint for connecting to the corresponding channel.

[0064] Furthermore, the drill pipe upper joint has a male plug, the root of the male plug has a threaded connection section, the drill pipe lower joint has a female socket that can be adapted to the above-mentioned male plug, and a joint nut is movably provided on the outer side of the female socket; the lower end of the rotating seat connecting section has a docking slot that can be adapted to the above-mentioned male plug, and the outer side of the docking slot is movably provided with a drill pipe connecting nut that can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned threaded connection section; the drill bit connecting section has a docking block that can be adapted to the above-mentioned female socket, and the root of the docking block has a threaded section that can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned joint nut.

[0065] Furthermore, in step S1, the alloy drill bit includes a drill bit rod, the drill bit rod has a cross-sectional structure with the same cross-sectional shape and size as the above-mentioned power drill rod, a plurality of wing plates are distributed on the side wall of the drill bit rod, a plurality of alloy reaming bits are fixed on the wing plates, and the high-pressure alloy nozzle is fixed on the wing plates; a spiral guide drill bit is also provided at the bottom of the drill bit rod, and the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit has a drill tip.

[0066] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting drive is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted on the slide, and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the cylinder body parts of the corresponding telescopic righting cylinders.

[0067] Furthermore, a control room and a hydraulic pump group are also provided on the slide, and the crane is installed on the main engine chassis and is located on a side away from the control room.

[0068] Furthermore, a pair of transverse crawler assemblies and a pair of longitudinal crawler assemblies are respectively provided at the bottom of the main chassis, the traveling directions of the transverse crawler assemblies and the longitudinal crawler assemblies are perpendicular to each other, the transverse crawler assemblies are mounted on the main chassis via a transverse crawler telescopic oil cylinder, and the longitudinal crawler assemblies are mounted on the main chassis via a longitudinal crawler telescopic oil cylinder;

[0069] Before the pile driver moves to the pile position, a casing is first dug according to the pile diameter. After the casing is buried, cross-line positioning is performed. Then, the transverse track assembly and / or longitudinal track assembly are started to move the pile driver so that the center point of the hydraulic rotary drive coincides with the center point of the cross line of the pile position. At the same time, the pile driver is adjusted to a horizontal level using the transverse track telescopic cylinder and the longitudinal track telescopic cylinder.

[0070] 3. Beneficial effects

[0071] Compared with the existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following significant effects:

[0072] (1) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, which includes pile hole drilling, steel cage installation and concrete pouring steps, wherein a new type of bored pile driver is used in the pile hole drilling process, and the reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting circulation system is innovatively designed. During the drilling process, high-pressure and low-pressure circulating liquid jets are used in conjunction with an alloy drill bit to cut the soil, and at the same time, high-pressure air is used to carry the circulating liquid and drill cuttings and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole. On the one hand, the soil cutting and crushing efficiency is improved, and it can cope with common soil, old clay, thick layered sand layer and gravel layer and other geological conditions. On the other hand, high-pressure air carries the circulating liquid from the bottom of the hole and discharges it quickly, which greatly improves the discharge efficiency of drill cuttings with larger particles, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency. At the same time, the high-pressure air maintains a positive pressure in the borehole, improves the stability of the hole wall, and significantly increases the drilling depth. In addition, the drilling drive mechanism of the pile driver is integrated on the slide. After the drilling is completed, the drilling drive mechanism can be directly removed, and the subsequent steel cage installation and concrete pouring operations can be directly carried out using the construction through hole on the pile driver, which greatly improves the operational convenience and construction efficiency of bored piles.

[0073] (2) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method. The hole cleaning method in step S1 directly uses the cooperation of a low-pressure grouting pump, a high-pressure grouting pump and an air compressor to transport hole cleaning circulating fluid and compressed air to the bottom of the pile hole. The compressed air is used to carry the hole cleaning circulating fluid and hole cleaning debris and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the drill bit and the pile hole. The hole cleaning operation is quick and convenient, and the work efficiency is high. The secondary hole cleaning in step S3 adopts positive circulation large-volume pumping hole cleaning or air lift reverse circulation hole cleaning. The secondary hole cleaning method is mature and safe, and the hole cleaning is thorough and economical and efficient.

[0074] (3) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, wherein the hydraulic straightener is composed of four telescopic straightening oil cylinders arranged in a horizontal "cross" shape, the cylinder ends of the four telescopic straightening oil cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the connectors on the multi-channel rotary diverter, the ends of the telescopic rods of the four telescopic straightening oil cylinders are all installed with straightening positioning plates, and a main frame is also provided on the main chassis; during the pile hole drilling process, the four telescopic straightening oil cylinders are controlled to extend so that each straightening positioning plate fits the corresponding sliding track on the main frame to adjust the verticality of the drilling tool; the hydraulic straightener can be controlled in two vertical directions, so that the verticality of the drilling tool can be guaranteed in both directions, thereby ensuring the verticality accuracy of the drill hole.

[0075] (4) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod is a regular polygon, and the hydraulic rotary driver is provided with a rotating disk adapted thereto. The hydraulic rotary driver can drive the rod body of the power drill rod to rotate, while allowing the power drill rod to move up and down in the drive sleeve, thereby pressing the drill rod downward for drilling. Combined with the multi-section assembly design of the power drill rod, the drilling depth can be greatly increased, thus meeting the high-efficiency construction needs of ultra-deep drilling (depth exceeding 100 meters).

[0076] (5) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, wherein the multi-channel rotary diverter, each section of the power drill rod and the alloy drill bit are connected by non-circular cross-section interlocking and fixedly connected by connecting nuts. The non-circular cross-section interlocking is used to realize torque transmission, and the power transmission is stable and efficient. The connection reliability is improved by using the nut locking, and the nut does not transmit the drilling torque, which facilitates the rapid disassembly and assembly of the multi-channel rotary diverter, each section of the power drill rod and the alloy drill bit, further improving the on-site construction efficiency. At the same time, by using the channel joints on each male joint, the sealed connection between each channel can be quickly achieved when the drilling tool is assembled.

[0077] (6) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting and boring pile construction method, wherein the alloy drill bit adopts a multi-wing hole expansion structure and has a spiral guide drill bit at the bottom, which cooperates with the circulating liquid jet on the drill bit to improve the cutting and crushing efficiency of the soil and the hole quality.

[0078] (7) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, wherein the hydraulic lifting drive is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted on the slide, and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the cylinder body of the corresponding telescopic straightening cylinder. The multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders can provide a greater drilling pressure and a longer telescopic stroke, thereby ensuring that the design length of a single-section drill rod can be longer, reducing the frequency of disassembly and assembly of the drill rod during construction, and further improving construction efficiency.

[0079] (8) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drilling and grouting pile construction method, wherein a control room and a hydraulic pump group are also provided on the slide seat, and a crane is installed on the main chassis and is located on a side away from the control room. The setting of the control room can facilitate the control of the drilling construction, and the integrated crane can facilitate the lowering and lifting of the drill rod, the lowering and installation of the steel cage, the grouting conduit, etc., thereby improving the convenience of construction.

[0080] (9) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting and boring pile construction method, wherein a pair of transverse track assemblies and a pair of longitudinal track assemblies are respectively provided at the bottom of the main chassis, the transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly having perpendicular travel directions, the transverse track assembly being mounted on the main chassis via a transverse track telescopic oil cylinder, and the longitudinal track assembly being mounted on the main chassis via a longitudinal track telescopic oil cylinder, the transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly being capable of realizing rapid movement of the entire machine in two directions, realizing rapid movement of the pile driver into position, and further improving construction efficiency; and during the construction process, both the transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly can be supported on the ground, providing better support for the pile driver, and the horizontality of the pile driver can be flexibly adjusted to ensure the verticality of the pile hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pile driver used in the high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the construction steps of the high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the pile hole drilling state of the pile driver in the bored cast-in-place pile construction method of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation state of the reinforcement cage of the pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the concrete pouring state of the pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention (slide seat moved out);

[0088] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling drive mechanism of the pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the drilling construction state of the pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the drilling tool in the bored pile construction method of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 11Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the multi-channel rotary diverter of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the power drill rod in the present invention;

[0093] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the power drill rod in the present invention;

[0094] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the alloy drill bit of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the front view of the alloy drill bit of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction;

[0097] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of a pile driver in the bored pile construction method of the present invention from an upward perspective;

[0098] Figure 18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crawler assembly in the present invention.

[0099] Explanation of the numbers in the schematic diagram:

[0100] 1. Mainframe chassis; 1-1. Slide rail; 1-2. Construction through hole; 2. Transverse track assembly; 2-1. Transverse track telescopic cylinder; 3. Longitudinal track assembly; 3-1. Longitudinal track telescopic cylinder; 4. Mainframe frame; 5. Slide seat; 5-1. Sliding block; 6. Hydraulic rotary actuator; 7. Hydraulic lifting actuator; 8. Hydraulic centralizer; 8-1. Telescopic centralizer cylinder; 8-2. Centralizer positioning plate; 9. Multi-channel rotary diverter; 9-1. Diverter seat; 9-1-1. Low-pressure circulating fluid interface; 9-1-2. High-pressure circulating fluid interface; 9- 1-3, high-pressure air interface; 9-1-4, limit ring; 9-2, rotating seat; 9-2-1, low-pressure circulating fluid channel; 9-2-2, high-pressure circulating fluid channel; 9-2-3, high-pressure air channel; 9-2-4, rotating seat connection; 9-2-4a, docking slot; 9-2-5, drill pipe connecting nut; 9-3, connector; 10, drilling tool; 101, power drill pipe; 101-1, drill pipe body; 101-1a, low-pressure transmission channel; 101-1b, high-pressure transmission channel; 101-1c, high-pressure gas channel; 10 1-2, drill pipe upper joint; 101-2a, male plug; 101-2b, channel joint; 101-2c, threaded connection section; 101-3, drill pipe lower joint; 101-3a, female socket; 101-3b, joint nut; 102, alloy drill bit; 102-1, drill bit rod; 102-1a, drill bit low-pressure channel; 102-1b, drill bit high-pressure channel; 102-1c, drill bit high-pressure air channel; 102-1d, high-pressure air nozzle; 102-2, wing plate; 102-2a, wing plate circulating fluid channel; 102- 3. Alloy reaming cutter head; 102-4. High-pressure alloy nozzle; 102-5. Spiral guide drill bit; 102-6. Alloy drilling cutter head; 102-7. Drill bit connection joint; 102-7a. Docking block; 102-7b. Diverter joint; 102-7c. Threaded section; 11. Control room; 12. Hydraulic pump unit; 13. Crane; 14. Circulation tank; 15. Sedimentation tank; 16. Circulation tank; 17. Low-pressure grouting pump; 18. High-pressure grouting pump; 19. Air compressor; 20. Rebar cage; 21. Grouting conduit; 22. Grouting hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0102] [Example]

[0103] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present embodiment of a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method mainly includes the following construction steps:

[0104] S1, pile hole drilling (such as Figure 2(a) and Figure 3 shown):

[0105] First, the pile driver is moved to the pile position. A slide 5 is provided on the main chassis 1 of the pile driver. The slide 5 is respectively provided with a hydraulic rotary drive 6 and a hydraulic lifting drive 7. A hydraulic centralizer 8 is provided on the upper portion of the hydraulic lifting drive 7. The hydraulic centralizer 8 is provided with a multi-channel rotary diverter 9 located above the hydraulic rotary drive 6. The main chassis 1 is also provided with a construction through hole 1-2. The diameter of the construction through hole 1-2 is larger than the diameter of the pile hole. The slide 5 is horizontally slidably mounted on the main chassis 1, so that the hydraulic rotary drive 6 can be moved above the construction through hole 1-2 or removed from the position where the construction through hole 1-2 is located to expose the construction through hole 1-2. Figure 6 The figure shows the state where the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and the hydraulic lifting drive 7 are located above the construction through hole 1-2. In this state, pile hole drilling construction can be carried out. Figure 7 The figure shows the state where the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and the hydraulic lifting drive 7 are moved away from the position of the construction through hole 1-2. In this state, the installation of the steel cage and the pouring of concrete can be carried out (see below);

[0106] After the pile driver moves to the pile position, the hydraulic rotary drive 6 is driven by the slide 5 to move to the top of the construction through hole 1-2, and the drilling tool 10 is installed. The upper part of the drilling tool 10 is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, and the drilling tool 10 passes through the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and cooperates with it in transmission; the hydraulic straightener 8 is used to adjust the verticality of the drilling tool 10, the hydraulic lifting drive 7 is used for pressurized drilling and drilling, and the hydraulic rotary drive 6 acts on the outer wall of the drilling tool 10 to drive the drilling tool 10 to rotate; the drilling tool 10 includes an alloy drill bit 102 and several sections of power drill rod 101, the alloy drill bit 102 is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 through the power drill rod 101, and the alloy drill bit 102 has a low-pressure injection port, a high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 and a high-pressure air nozzle 102-1d respectively connected to the corresponding channels in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9; the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is respectively connected to a low-pressure grouting pump 17, a high-pressure grouting pump 18 and an air compressor 19;

[0107] After all parts are assembled and debugged, the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and the hydraulic lifting drive 7 are started to drive the drill tool 10 to rotate and drill. At the same time, the low-pressure grouting pump 17, the high-pressure grouting pump 18 and the air compressor 19 are started. While the drill tool 10 rotates and drills, the low-pressure grouting pump 17 and the high-pressure grouting pump 18 are used to deliver circulating fluid to the bottom of the borehole, forming low-pressure jets and high-pressure jets to cut the soil and clean the drill bit. The air compressor 19 is used to deliver high-volume high-pressure air to the bottom of the borehole. The high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid and drill cuttings and discharges them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill pipe 101 and the borehole.

[0108] During the pile hole drilling process, the power drill rod 101 is sequentially installed according to the designed pile hole depth until the predetermined depth is reached; after the hole is cleaned, the drill tool 10 is lifted to complete the pile hole construction;

[0109] S2, steel cage installation (such as Figure 2 (b) and Figure 4 shown):

[0110] After the pile hole is formed, the slide 5 is slid to one side to expose the construction through hole 1-2, and the steel cage 20 is lifted by the crane 13 and lowered into the pile hole through the construction through hole 1-2 and fixed. During the lowering process of the steel cage 20, attention should be paid to the verticality of the steel cage 20. After the steel cage is lowered into place, it is fixed with hanging bars. It is important to control the elevation of the steel cage 20 and ensure that the three points of its center point, the drilling center point and the pile position center point are within the standard error.

[0111] S3, concrete pouring (such as Figure 2 (c) and Figure 5 shown):

[0112] A grouting conduit 21 is lowered into the pile hole, and the hole is cleaned for the second time after the grouting conduit 21 is in place. Specifically, the grouting conduit 21 can adopt a multi-section assembly structure. When lowering the grouting conduit 21, the bottom conduit is lowered first, and then each section of the conduit is connected and lowered in sequence. After the secondary hole cleaning is completed, a grouting hopper 22 is installed on the top of the grouting conduit 21, and the grouting hopper 22 is used to pour concrete. The grouting conduit 21 is removed in sequence according to the pouring situation until the concrete is poured to the guide pile top and the design required elevation. During the pouring process, it is important to measure the concrete surface height and the length of the grouting conduit 21 after each truckload of concrete is poured, and ensure that the bottom of the grouting conduit 21 is buried 2 to 6 meters below the concrete surface. The removed conduit needs to be cleaned in time.

[0113] In this embodiment, the hole cleaning method in step S1 is as follows: a hydraulic rotary driver 6 is used to maintain the rotation of the drill tool 10, while simultaneously activating the low-pressure grouting pump 17, the high-pressure grouting pump 18, and the air compressor 19 to deliver hole cleaning circulating fluid and compressed air to the bottom of the pile hole. The compressed air then carries the hole cleaning circulating fluid and debris and discharges them outward along the slag discharge channel between the drill tool 10 and the pile hole. This makes the hole cleaning operation quick and convenient, and highly efficient. It should be noted that the hole cleaning circulating fluid used in this process is different from the drilling circulating fluid described above and needs to be replaced with the hole cleaning circulating fluid during the hole cleaning process. After the primary hole cleaning meets the standards, the drill is lifted. During the lifting process, each power drill rod 101 is sequentially raised. After the drill rod is lifted, a hole completion test is performed. Only after the hole completion test passes can the reinforcement cage 20 be placed. The secondary hole cleaning in step S3 utilizes either a positive circulation high-volume hole cleaning method or an air lift reverse circulation method. Both positive circulation high-volume hole cleaning and air lift reverse circulation methods are currently available hole cleaning methods. They are mature, safe, thorough, and cost-effective.

[0114] The present embodiment of the high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method utilizes a new type of bored pile driver and an innovatively designed reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting circulation system. During the drilling process, high-pressure and low-pressure circulating fluid jets are used in conjunction with an alloy drill bit to cut the soil. Simultaneously, high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid and drill cuttings outward along a slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole. This method improves soil cutting and fragmentation efficiency, making it suitable for common soils, old clay, thick sand layers, and gravel layers. Furthermore, high-pressure air rapidly discharges the circulating fluid from the bottom of the hole, significantly improving the removal efficiency of drill cuttings with larger particles and significantly increasing drilling efficiency. Furthermore, the high-pressure air maintains positive pressure in the borehole, improving hole wall stability and significantly increasing the drilling depth. Furthermore, the pile driver's drilling drive mechanism is integrated into the slide. After drilling is completed, the drilling drive mechanism can be directly removed, allowing subsequent reinforcement cage installation and concrete pouring operations to proceed directly through the construction through-hole in the pile driver, significantly improving the operational convenience and construction efficiency of bored piles.

[0115] like Figures 6 to 8As shown, in the above-mentioned step S1, the hydraulic straightener 8 is composed of four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 arranged in a horizontal "cross" shape. The cylinder ends of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are respectively fixedly connected to the connectors 9-3 on the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The ends of the telescopic rods of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are all installed with straightening positioning plates 8-2. The main frame 4 is also provided on the main chassis 1. During the pile hole drilling process, the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are controlled to extend so that each straightening positioning plate 8-2 fits the corresponding sliding track on the main frame 4 to adjust the verticality of the drilling tool 10. Specifically, the cylinder bodies of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are fixed together in a "cross" shape by the connector 9-3. The telescopic rods of adjacent telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 extend and retract in perpendicular directions, thus forming a verticality adjustment structure in two directions. The straightening and positioning plate 8-2 can be a semi-cylindrical plate with its concave side facing outward. The mainframe 4 is a rectangular frame structure with four columns. Each column has a round rod welded to its inward edge, on which the straightening and positioning plate 8-2 can slide. When adjusting the verticality of the drilling tool 10, the telescopic rods of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 extend outward, allowing each straightening and positioning plate 8-2 to rest against the corresponding round rod of the mainframe 4. The verticality of the drilling tool 10 mounted on the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is adjusted by telescoping the straightening cylinders 8-1 in two directions. This hydraulic straightening device 8 can be controlled in two vertical directions, ensuring the verticality of the drilling tool 10 in both directions and guaranteeing the verticality accuracy of the drill hole. Simultaneously, during drilling, the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 can be pressed against the mainframe 4, enabling pressurized drilling and further improving construction efficiency.

[0116] Reference Figures 10 to 16As shown, the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 has independent low-pressure circulating fluid channels 9-2-1, high-pressure circulating fluid channels 9-2-2, and high-pressure air channels 9-2-3, allowing low-pressure circulating fluid, high-pressure circulating fluid, and high-pressure air to be input through the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The power drill pipe 101 has a low-pressure delivery channel 101-1a connected to the low-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-1, a high-pressure delivery channel 101-1b connected to the high-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-2, and a high-pressure gas channel 101-1c connected to the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3. The alloy drill bit 102 is provided with a drill bit low-pressure channel 102-1a, a drill bit high-pressure channel 102-1b and a drill bit high-pressure air channel 102-1c. The low-pressure delivery channel 101-1a in the power drill rod 101 is connected to the drill bit low-pressure channel 102-1a in the alloy drill bit 102, and is used to deliver low-pressure circulating fluid to the bottom of the borehole; the high-pressure delivery channel 101-1b in the power drill rod 101 is connected to the high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 on the alloy drill bit 102 through the drill bit high-pressure channel 102-1b, and is used to form a high-pressure jet to cut the soil and clean the drill bit; the high-pressure gas channel 101-1c in the power drill rod 101 is connected to the drill bit high-pressure air channel 102-1c in the alloy drill bit 102, and is used to carry the circulating fluid and drill cuttings through the high-pressure air and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod 101 and the borehole. During drilling, low-pressure circulating fluid, high-pressure circulating fluid, and high-pressure air are delivered to the bottom of the hole via a multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The high-pressure circulating fluid is ejected through a high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 to form a cutting jet. The jet pressure can reach tens of megapascals to 200 MPa, rapidly cutting and crushing the soil during the rotation of the alloy drill bit 102. The high-pressure jet has extremely high crushing efficiency for ordinary soil, old clay, thick sand layers, and gravel layers. Simultaneously, the high-pressure jet cleans the drill bit, preventing it from becoming stuck. High-volume compressed air is delivered to the bottom of the hole via the drill tool 10, carrying the circulating fluid and drill cuttings along the outer slag discharge channel, using the outer side of the drill pipe as a large channel for reverse circulation.Because the area for removing drill cuttings differs from conventional reverse circulation (in conventional pump-suction reverse circulation and air-lift reverse circulation, the circulating mud is discharged outward through the inside of the drill pipe) and from conventional forward circulation (in conventional forward circulation, mud is pumped through the inside of the drill pipe to the bottom of the hole and then discharged outward, carrying drill cuttings with it. Since the mud relies on carrying drill cuttings upward, repeated crushing of gravel is required, resulting in extremely low drilling efficiency), this circulation system is called "reverse circulation." The technical basis of this "reverse circulation" is the injection of high-volume compressed air into the bottom of the hole to carry drill cuttings. This high-volume, high-compression gas can carry the circulating fluid for rapid discharge out of the hole. The increased flow rate significantly enhances its cuttings-carrying capacity and can carry large drill cuttings particles, eliminating the need for repeated crushing of gravel and significantly improving drilling efficiency. Furthermore, since the high-volume, high-compression air is discharged from the bottom of the hole to the top, it also flushes the clay, preventing it from sticking to the drill bit and significantly improving drilling efficiency.

[0117] like Figure 10 and Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod 101 is a regular polygon, preferably a regular hexagon. The hydraulic rotary driver 6 is provided with a rotating disk, and the rotating disk has a transmission hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod 101. The power drill rod 101 can pass through the transmission hole of the rotating disk, and the torque is transmitted by the regular polygonal rod body. The hydraulic rotary driver 6 uses a hydraulic motor and a gear transmission mechanism to drive the rotating disk to rotate, thereby driving the power drill rod 101 to rotate and transmit the torque to the alloy drill bit 102. At the same time, the power drill rod 101 is allowed to move up and down in the drive sleeve, thereby pressing the drill rod downward for drilling. The drill pipe body 101-1 of the power drill pipe 101 is provided with an upper drill pipe joint 101-2 and a lower drill pipe joint 101-3 at each end, respectively. Adjacent power drill pipes 101 are fixedly connected via the corresponding upper drill pipe joints 101-2 and lower drill pipe joints 101-3. The lower end of the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 has a rotating seat connection 9-2-4 that can be fixedly connected to the upper drill pipe joint 101-2. The upper end of the alloy drill bit 102 has a drill bit connection 102-7 that can be fixedly connected to the lower drill pipe joint 101-3. After drilling of a section of power drill pipe 101 is completed, the rotating seat connection 9-2-4 and the upper drill pipe joint 101-2 are loosened, and the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is lifted using the hydraulic lifting drive 7. The next section of power drill pipe 101 is installed between the upper drill pipe joint 101-2 of the previous section of power drill pipe 101 and the rotating seat connection 9-2-4 of the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. Combined with the multi-section assembly design of the power drill rod 101, the drilling depth can be greatly increased, meeting the efficient construction needs of ultra-deep drilling (depth exceeding 100 meters).

[0118] Reference Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the connection between the rotating seat connection section 9-2-4 and the drill pipe upper joint 101-2 of the adjacent power drill pipe 101, between the corresponding drill pipe upper joint 101-2 and the drill pipe lower joint 101-3 of the adjacent power drill pipe 101, and between the drill bit connection section 102-7 and the drill pipe lower joint 101-3 of the adjacent power drill pipe 101 all adopts non-circular cross-section interlocking and is fixedly connected by a connecting nut. The non-circular cross-section interlocking can stably transmit torque. In this case, the connecting nut mainly plays an axial connection role, improving connection reliability. The nut does not transmit drilling torque, facilitating the rapid disassembly and assembly of the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, each section of the power drill pipe 101, and the alloy drill bit 102, further improving on-site construction efficiency. In addition, the drill pipe joint 101-2 also has a channel joint 101-2b for connecting the corresponding channels, and the drill bit connection section 102-7 also has a diversion joint 102-7b for connecting the corresponding channels, which can quickly achieve a sealed connection between the various channels when the drill tool is assembled. Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the drill pipe upper joint 101-2 has a male plug 101-2a, and the root of the male plug 101-2a has a threaded connection section 101-2c. The drill pipe lower joint 101-3 has a female socket 101-3a that can adapt to the above-mentioned male plug 101-2a. The cross-sectional shapes of the male plug 101-2a and the female socket 101-3a can both adopt regular polygons, such as regular hexagons, to transmit rotational torque; a joint nut 101-3b is movably provided on the outer side of the female socket 101-3a; the rotating seat connection section 9-2 -4 has a docking slot 9-2-4a at the lower end thereof which can be matched with the above-mentioned male plug 101-2a, and a drill pipe connecting nut 9-2-5 which can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned threaded connecting section 101-2c is movably provided on the outer side of the docking slot 9-2-4a; the drill bit connecting section 102-7 has a docking plug block 102-7a which can be matched with the above-mentioned female socket 101-3a, and the root of the docking plug block 102-7a has a threaded section 102-7c which can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned joint nut 101-3b. When connecting the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 to the adjacent power drill rod 101, align the male plug 101-2a of the power drill rod 101 with the docking slot 9-2-4a on the rotating seat connecting section 9-2-4 and insert it, then use the drill rod connecting nut 9-2-5 to lock and fix it with the threaded connection section 101-2c at the root of the male plug 101-2a; similarly, when connecting two adjacent power drill rods 101, first align the male plug 101-2a of the lower power drill rod 101 with the male plug 101-2a of the upper power drill rod 101. The female socket 101-3a of the power drill rod 101 is first aligned with the female socket 101-3a of the power drill rod 101, and then the joint nut 101-3b is used to lock and fix it with the corresponding threaded connection section 101-2c; when connecting the power drill rod 101 and the alloy drill bit 102, the docking plug 102-7a of the alloy drill bit 102 is first aligned with the female socket 101-3a of the upper power drill rod 101, and then the joint nut 101-3b is used to lock and fix it with the threaded section 102-7c on the drill bit connection section 102-7. With the above-mentioned connection structure, the assembly and disassembly operations are simple and fast, and the connection and transmission are reliable and stable. The above-mentioned drill rod connection nut 9-2-5 and the joint nut 101-3b can both adopt a threaded sleeve structure, and their upper ends can be rotatably maintained on the corresponding rotating seat connection section 9-2-4 and the drill rod lower joint 101-3, which is easy to use.

[0119] Reference Figure 11As shown, the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is mainly composed of a diverter seat 9-1 and a rotating seat 9-2. The rotating seat 9-2 is axially rotatably installed in the diverter seat 9-1. The low-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-1, the high-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-2 and the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 are respectively arranged on the rotating seat 9-2. There are annular grooves connected to the low-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-1, the high-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-2 and the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 between the diverter seat 9-1 and the rotating seat 9-2. A low-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-1, a high-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-2, and a high-pressure air interface 9-1-3 are provided. The low-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-1 is connected to the low-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-1 via a corresponding annular groove, the high-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-2 is connected to the high-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-2 via a corresponding annular groove, and the high-pressure air interface 9-1-3 is connected to the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 via a corresponding annular groove. Several sealing rings are provided between the rotating mating surfaces of the diverter seat 9-1 and the rotating seat 9-2 to seal the respective annular grooves. A retaining ring 9-1-4 is also provided at the bottom of the diverter seat 9-1 to limit the axial position of the rotating seat 9-2. The rotating seat connecting section 9-2-4 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the rotating seat 9-2. The connector 9-3 is fixedly mounted to the diverter seat 9-1. During operation, the diverter seat 9-1 does not rotate, while the rotating seat 9-2 rotates with the rotation of the drilling tool 10. Figure 11 The figure shows three high-pressure circulating fluid interfaces 9-1-2, which correspond to three high-pressure circulating fluid channels 9-2-2 (only one high-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-2 is shown in the cross-section, and the other two are distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating seat 9-2). The three high-pressure circulating fluid channels 9-2-2 can be connected to the respective high-pressure alloy nozzles 102-4 of the three-wing drill bit. Figure 1As shown, this embodiment is also equipped with a circulation tank 14, a sedimentation tank 15, and a circulation tank 16. Before the pile hole is drilled, the volume is determined according to the pile hole size and depth. Generally, the total volume of the sedimentation tank 15 and the circulation tank 16 is three times the volume of the pile hole. A cyclone desander can also be installed between the sedimentation tank 15 and the circulation tank 16. When the pipeline is connected, the high-pressure grouting pump 18 is connected to the high-pressure circulating liquid interface 9-1-2 in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, the low-pressure grouting pump 17 is connected to the low-pressure circulating liquid interface 9-1-1 in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, and the air compressor 19 is connected to the high-pressure air interface 9-1-3 in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The circulating fluid in the drilled hole is discharged from the top of the hole carrying the drilling cuttings, and is sent to the sedimentation tank 15 through the circulation tank 14. After being filtered by the cyclone desander, it is sent to the circulation tank 16. The low-pressure grouting pump 17 and the high-pressure grouting pump 18 pump the circulating fluid in the circulation tank 16 back to the bottom of the hole to participate in the drilling operation. During drilling operations, first start the low-pressure grouting pump 17 to observe whether the flow at the outlet of the low-pressure circulating fluid channel at the bottom of the drill bit is normal; then start the high-pressure grouting pump 18 in sequence to observe whether there is high-pressure circulating fluid spraying from the high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 on the drill bit, and check whether the pressure and flow meet the requirements; then start the air compressor 19 to check whether there is air spraying from the outlet of the high-capacity and high-compression air channel at the bottom of the drill bit, and whether the flow rate meets the design requirements.

[0120] like Figures 14 to 16As shown, in this embodiment, the alloy drill bit 102 includes a drill shank 102-1 having the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the power drill shank 101 described above. Several wing plates 102-2 are distributed along the sidewalls of the drill shank 102-1, to which several alloy reaming cutters 102-3 are fixed. A high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 is fixed to the wing plates 102-2. A spiral guide drill bit 102-5 is also provided at the bottom of the drill shank 102-1. The bottom of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 has a drill tip, and a low-pressure channel 102-1a extends through the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5. The alloy drill bit 102 utilizes a multi-wing reaming structure with the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 at the bottom. This, combined with the circulating fluid jet on the drill bit, improves soil cutting and comminution efficiency and hole quality. Specifically, a three-wing drill bit structure can be adopted, namely, three wings 102-2 are evenly distributed at the lower end of the drill bit shaft 102-1. Each wing 102-2 is equipped with a wing plate circulating fluid channel 102-2a connected to the corresponding drill bit high-pressure channel 102-1b. The wing plate circulating fluid channel 102-2a is respectively connected to the corresponding high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4. The center of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 has a circulating fluid through hole connected to the drill bit low-pressure channel 102-1a. The low-pressure circulating fluid can form a downward jet to assist in soil cutting. The drill bit high-pressure air channel 102-1c runs through the drill bit shaft 102-1, forming a high-pressure air nozzle 102-1d at the bottom of the drill bit shaft 102-1. An alloy drilling cutter 102-6 is also installed at the bottom end of the spiral blade of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 to achieve rapid drilling in hard soil layers. The alloy drill bit 102 and its high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 can be selected according to different geological conditions. The wing plate 102-2 of the alloy drill bit 102 can have different angles. The drill bit with the appropriate wing plate angle can be selected according to the stratum. The high-pressure alloy nozzle 102-4 adopts a detachable structure, and different nozzles can be used as needed.

[0121] catch Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the hydraulic lift actuator 7 is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted on the slide 5, and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are articulated with the cylinder bodies of corresponding telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1. During the drilling process, the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders operate synchronously, driving the hydraulic straightening device 8 downward, thereby driving the drilling tool 10 downward through the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, achieving continuous drilling of the drilling tool 10. The multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders provide greater drilling pressure and a longer telescopic stroke, allowing the design length of a single drill pipe to be longer, reducing the frequency of drill pipe disassembly and assembly during construction, further improving construction efficiency. It should be noted that during the drilling process, the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 appropriately retract, allowing the straightening positioning plate 8-2 to slide freely relative to the round rod. If drilling encounters resistance, the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 can be extended to press against the main frame 4, assisting the hydraulic lift actuator 7 in offsetting the drilling reaction force. The lifting stroke of the hydraulic lifting drive 7 is greater than the length of a single-section power drill rod 101. When installing the drill rod, loosen the drill rod connecting nut 9-2-5 on the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, control the hydraulic lifting drive 7 to move upward, and then connect the newly added power drill rod 101 between the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 and the power drill rod 101 at the lower end. During this operation, the telescopic straightening cylinder 8-1 can also be controlled to extend and press against the main frame 4 to improve operational safety.

[0122] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the mainframe chassis 1 is provided with a slide track 1-1, and the slide 5 is provided with a slider 5-1 that slidably engages with the slide track 1-1. The slide 5 is capable of sliding along the slide track 1-1 on the mainframe chassis 1. To facilitate the sliding control of the slide 5, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder can be installed between the mainframe chassis 1 and the slide 5. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder controls the movement of the slide 5, and the hydraulic lock of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder can be used to lock the position of the slide 5 to ensure the stability of the slide 5 in the drilling position. It should be understood that when the slide 5 slides in or out of the mainframe frame 4, the four telescopic centralizing cylinders 8-1 are retracted to facilitate smooth passage through the mainframe frame 4. The slide 5 is also provided with a control room 11 and a hydraulic pump unit 12. The hydraulic pump unit 12 is used to provide hydraulic power to hydraulic actuators such as the hydraulic rotation drive 6, the hydraulic lifting drive 7, and the hydraulic centralizer 8. The control room 11 is integrated with a console for controlling the entire drilling rig. In addition, a crane 13 is integrated with the main chassis 1 and located away from the control room 11. Before drilling, each drill rod and drill bit can be lowered to the pile driver 5 meters to the side using the crane 13. The integrated crane 13 facilitates the lowering and lifting of drill rods, the installation of reinforcement cages, and the pouring of pipes, thereby improving construction convenience. Using the crane 13 to lift the drill rod allows multiple sections of drill rod to be lifted at once, increasing drilling efficiency. The control principles of the control room 11, the hydraulic system of the hydraulic pump unit 12, and the structural principles of the crane 13 are similar to those of the prior art and will not be further described.

[0123] like Figure 17 and Figure 18As shown, in this embodiment, a pair of transverse crawler assemblies 2 and a pair of longitudinal crawler assemblies 3 are further provided at the bottom of the main chassis 1. The transverse crawler assemblies 2 and the longitudinal crawler assemblies 3 travel in perpendicular directions. The transverse crawler assembly 2 is mounted on the main chassis 1 via a transverse crawler telescopic cylinder 2-1, while the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 is mounted on the main chassis 1 via a longitudinal crawler telescopic cylinder 3-1. In other words, both the transverse crawler assembly 2 and the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 are capable of telescopic movement. When the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 is retracted off the ground, the two sets of transverse crawler assemblies 2 can be used to move the drilling rig laterally; conversely, when the transverse crawler assembly 2 is retracted off the ground, the two sets of longitudinal crawler assemblies 3 can be used to move the drilling rig longitudinally. Before the pile driver moves to the pile position, a casing is first dug according to the pile diameter. The casing is approximately 10 cm larger than the pile diameter, and the depth of the casing can be determined based on the geological conditions. After the casing is buried, cross-line positioning is performed. The lateral track assembly 2 and / or longitudinal track assembly 3 are then activated to move the pile driver so that the center point of the hydraulic rotary actuator 6 coincides with the center point of the pile position cross-line. Simultaneously, the lateral track telescopic cylinder 2-1 and longitudinal track telescopic cylinder 3-1 are used to adjust the pile driver to a horizontal position. This crawler travel structure design enables rapid movement of the entire machine in both directions, allowing the drilling rig to be quickly moved into position, further improving construction efficiency. During construction, both the lateral track assembly 2 and the longitudinal track assembly 3 can be supported on the ground, providing better support for the drilling rig and allowing for flexible adjustment of the pile driver's horizontality to ensure the verticality of the pile hole.

[0124] The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method of the present invention significantly improves the construction efficiency and quality of bored piles by optimizing the power transmission system, drill bit design, mud circulation system, walking mode and verticality control technology. This construction method has strong adaptability under complex geological conditions, low construction cost, high safety, and broad application prospects. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, this construction method can also develop in the direction of intelligence, green environmental protection and multifunctional integration, providing more efficient and high-quality construction solutions for construction projects. Specifically, this high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method has the following technical advantages:

[0125] (1) Significant improvement in construction efficiency: By optimizing the power transmission system and drill bit design, energy loss is reduced, the cutting efficiency of the drill bit is improved, and construction time is significantly shortened;

[0126] (2) Strong adaptability: Combined with high-pressure water flow assisted cutting, the cutting efficiency of the drill bit is improved, and it can adapt to complex geological conditions such as old clay, clay, thick layered sand layers and gravel layers, reducing construction delays caused by changes in geological conditions;

[0127] (3) High construction quality: By optimizing the mud circulation system (reverse circulation mud circulation system) and verticality control technology (cross-type centralizer), the verticality of the drilled hole and the stability of the hole wall are ensured, thereby improving the construction quality;

[0128] (4) Low construction cost: By reducing the drilling frequency and optimizing the travel system, equipment wear and energy consumption are reduced, thus reducing construction costs;

[0129] (5) High safety: By optimizing the mud circulation system and wall protection technology, the risk of hole wall collapse is reduced and construction safety is improved;

[0130] (6) Strong walking ability: The crawler walking system with multi-directional walking ability is adopted to improve the moving efficiency of the pile driver.

[0131] The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its embodiments, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without creatively designing them, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method, characterized in that: The construction steps include: S1. Pile hole drilling: First, the pile driver is moved to the pile position. A slide (5) is provided on the main chassis (1) of the pile driver. A hydraulic rotary drive (6) and a hydraulic lifting drive (7) are provided on the slide (5). A hydraulic centralizer (8) is provided on the upper part of the hydraulic lifting drive (7). A multi-channel rotary diverter (9) located above the hydraulic rotary drive (6) is provided on the hydraulic centralizer (8). A construction through hole (1-2) is also provided on the main chassis (1). Then, the hydraulic rotary driver (6) is driven by the slide (5) to move to the top of the construction through hole (1-2), and the drilling tool (10) is installed. The upper part of the drilling tool (10) is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter (9). The drilling tool (10) passes through the hydraulic rotary driver (6) and cooperates with the same. The drilling tool (10) includes an alloy drill bit (102) and a plurality of sections of power drill rods (101). The alloy drill bit (102) is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) through the power drill rod (101). The alloy drill bit (102) ) are provided with a low-pressure injection port, a high-pressure alloy nozzle (102-4) and a high-pressure air spray hole (102-1d) respectively connected to the corresponding channels in the multi-channel rotary diverter (9); the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) is externally connected to a low-pressure grouting pump (17), a high-pressure grouting pump (18) and an air compressor (19); the drill rod body (101-1) of the power drill rod (101) is provided with a drill rod upper joint (101-2) and a drill rod lower joint (101-3) at both ends, and adjacent power drill rods (101) are connected by corresponding The drill pipe upper joint (101-2) and the drill pipe lower joint (101-3) are fixedly connected; the lower end of the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) has a rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) that can be fixedly connected to the drill pipe upper joint (101-2); the upper end of the alloy drill bit (102) has a drill bit connecting section (102-7) that can be fixedly connected to the drill pipe lower joint (101-3); the rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) and the drill pipe upper joint (101-2) of the adjacent power drill pipe (101) are connected to each other. The corresponding drill rod upper joint (101-2) and drill rod lower joint (101-3) of the power drill rod (101), as well as the drill bit connecting joint (102-7) and the drill rod lower joint (101-3) of the adjacent power drill rod (101), are both connected by non-circular cross-section plugging and locked and fixed by connecting nuts; the drill rod upper joint (101-2) also has a channel joint (101-2b) for connecting to the corresponding channel, and the drill bit connecting joint (102-7) also has a diverter joint (102-7b) for connecting to the corresponding channel; Afterwards, the hydraulic rotary drive (6) and the hydraulic lifting drive (7) are started to drive the drill tool (10) to rotate and drill, and the low-pressure grouting pump (17), the high-pressure grouting pump (18) and the air compressor (19) are started at the same time. While the drill tool (10) is rotating and drilling, the low-pressure grouting pump (17) and the high-pressure grouting pump (18) are used to deliver the circulating fluid to the bottom of the borehole, forming a low-pressure jet and a high-pressure jet to cut the soil and clean the drill bit, and the air compressor (19) is used to deliver high-capacity high-pressure air to the bottom of the borehole, and the high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid and the drill cuttings and discharges them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod (101) and the borehole; During the pile hole drilling process, power drill rods (101) are sequentially installed according to the designed pile hole depth until the hole reaches the predetermined depth; after the hole is cleaned, the drill tool (10) is lifted to complete the pile hole drilling construction; S2. Steel cage installation: Slide the slide (5) to one side to expose the construction through hole (1-2), use the crane (13) to lift the steel cage (20), and lower the steel cage (20) into the pile hole through the construction through hole (1-2) and fix it; S3. Concrete pouring: A grouting conduit (21) is lowered into the pile hole, and the hole is cleaned for a second time after the grouting conduit (21) is in place. After the hole is cleaned, a grouting hopper (22) is installed on the top of the grouting conduit (21), and concrete is poured using the grouting hopper (22). The grouting conduit (21) is removed in sequence according to the pouring situation until the concrete is poured to the guide pile top and the design required elevation.

2. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hole cleaning method in step S1 is as follows: using a hydraulic rotary driver (6) to keep the drill tool (10) rotating, and simultaneously starting a low-pressure grouting pump (17), a high-pressure grouting pump (18) and an air compressor (19) to deliver hole cleaning circulating fluid and compressed air to the bottom of the pile hole, and using the compressed air to carry the hole cleaning circulating fluid and hole cleaning debris and discharge them outward along a slag discharge channel between the drill tool (10) and the pile hole; The secondary hole cleaning in step S3 adopts positive circulation large pump volume hole cleaning or air lift reverse circulation hole cleaning.

3. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S1, the hydraulic centralizer (8) is composed of four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) distributed in a horizontal "cross" shape, the cylinder ends of the four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) are respectively fixedly connected to the connectors (9-3) on the multi-channel rotary diverter (9), the telescopic rod ends of the four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) are all installed with centralizing positioning plates (8-2), and the main frame (4) is also provided on the main frame chassis (1); during the pile hole drilling process, the four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) are controlled to extend so that each centralizing positioning plate (8-2) fits the corresponding sliding track on the main frame (4) to adjust the verticality of the drilling tool (10).

4. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S1, the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod (101) is a regular polygon, and the hydraulic rotary driver (6) is provided with a rotating disk, and the rotating disk has a transmission hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod (101); after drilling of a section of the power drill rod (101) is completed, the rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) and the drill rod upper joint (101-2) are loosened, and the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) is lifted by the hydraulic lifting driver (7), and the next section of the power drill rod (101) is installed between the drill rod upper joint (101-2) of the previous section of the power drill rod (101) and the rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) of the multi-channel rotary diverter (9).

5. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill pipe upper joint (101-2) has a male plug (101-2a), the root of the male plug (101-2a) has a threaded connection section (101-2c), the drill pipe lower joint (101-3) has a female socket (101-3a) that can be matched with the male plug (101-2a), and a joint nut (101-3b) is movably provided on the outer side of the female socket (101-3a); the lower end of the rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) has a threaded connection section (101-2c) that can be matched with the male plug (101-2a). The drill bit connecting section (102-7) is provided with a docking slot (9-2-4a) matched thereto, and a drill rod connecting nut (9-2-5) capable of being thread-lockedly connected to the threaded connecting section (101-2c) is movably provided on the outer side of the docking slot (9-2-4a); the drill bit connecting section (102-7) is provided with a docking plug (102-7a) capable of being matched with the female socket (101-3a), and the root of the docking plug (102-7a) is provided with a threaded section (102-7c) capable of being thread-lockedly connected to the joint nut (101-3b).

6. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S1, the alloy drill bit (102) comprises a drill rod (102-1), the drill rod (102-1) having a cross-sectional structure having the same cross-sectional shape and size as the power drill rod (101), a plurality of wing plates (102-2) distributed on the side wall of the drill rod (102-1), a plurality of alloy reaming cutter bits (102-3) fixed on the wing plates (102-2), and the high-pressure alloy nozzle (102-4) fixed on the wing plates (102-2); and a spiral guide drill bit (102-5) is further provided at the bottom of the drill rod (102-1), and the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit (102-5) has a drill tip.

7. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 3 is characterized by: The hydraulic lifting driver (7) is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted on the slide (5), and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the cylinder body parts of the corresponding telescopic righting cylinders (8-1).

8. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to claim 7 is characterized by: A control room (11) and a hydraulic pump group (12) are also provided on the slide (5), and the crane (13) is installed on the main engine chassis (1) and is located on a side away from the control room (11).

9. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting bored pile construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A pair of transverse crawler assemblies (2) and a pair of longitudinal crawler assemblies (3) are respectively provided at the bottom of the main chassis (1); the travel directions of the transverse crawler assemblies (2) and the longitudinal crawler assemblies (3) are perpendicular to each other; the transverse crawler assembly (2) is mounted on the main chassis (1) via a transverse crawler telescopic oil cylinder (2-1); and the longitudinal crawler assembly (3) is mounted on the main chassis (1) via a longitudinal crawler telescopic oil cylinder (3-1); Before the pile driver moves to the pile position, a casing is first dug according to the pile diameter, and after the casing is buried, cross-line positioning is performed. Then, the transverse crawler assembly (2) and / or the longitudinal crawler assembly (3) are started to move the pile driver so that the center point of the hydraulic rotary drive (6) coincides with the center point of the pile position cross line; at the same time, the pile driver is adjusted to a horizontal level using the transverse crawler telescopic oil cylinder (2-1) and the longitudinal crawler telescopic oil cylinder (3-1).

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