Method for measuring elevation of vertical surface point location of building

Abstract

The invention discloses a building and structure facade point position elevation measurement method, and relates to the technical field of building and structure point position elevation measurement. The method for measuring the elevation of the vertical surface point location of the building comprises the following steps: determining a level base point on the front side of the vertical surface of the building, erecting a total station, and measuring the height between the observation center of the total station and the level base point; observing a target point on the vertical surface by using the total station, and recording a vertical angle when the target point is observed; the vertical angle of the total station is adjusted to be 0 degree, the observation direction line of the total station is perpendicular to the vertical face, and the back of the target prism is tightly attached to the vertical face; adjusting the position of the target prism to enable the center of the target prism to coincide with the observation direction line of the total station, and recording the distance between the observation center of the total station and the center of the target prism; and calculating the distance between the target point and the leveling base point. The method does not need to install a prism at a target point, is suitable for measurement of vertical surface point positions of various heights and positions, and has a wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of elevation measurement of points on buildings and structures, and specifically relates to a method for measuring the elevation of points on the facade of buildings and structures. Background Art

[0002] Buildings and structures are the general term for buildings and structures. During their entire life cycle, including design, construction, inspection, and monitoring, data such as the elevation of facade points, the height from the ground, and the height of objects on the facade need to be obtained. In the design stage, the elevation data of facade points is the basis for the design of buildings and structures, which can help designers accurately plan the appearance and structure of buildings and structures. In the construction stage, elevation data is crucial for the surveying and mapping of the building facade, curtain wall installation, and inspection. For example, precise point elevation data is required during curtain wall installation to ensure the levelness of the installation and avoid installation problems caused by elevation errors. In the inspection and monitoring stage, the elevation data of facade points can be used to evaluate the deformation of buildings and structures, such as measuring the vertical crack length of a vertical concrete surface and the height of lightning rods. The accurate acquisition of this data is of great significance for ensuring the safety, functionality, and aesthetics of buildings and structures.

[0003] The commonly used method for measuring the elevation of points on the facade of buildings and structures is trigonometric leveling. The specific measurement process is as follows: Select a certain benchmark as the starting point for point elevation measurement. Install a total station on the benchmark and install a prism on the target point on the facade. Use the total station to measure the distance between its center and the center of the prism and the vertical angle when observing the target point. Calculate the height difference between the target point and the benchmark, and then obtain the elevation of the facade point.

[0004] However, since trigonometric leveling requires installing a prism on the target point on the facade, and most of the points on the facade of buildings and structures that need to measure elevation are at a relatively high height from the ground, there are no conditions for installing a prism or it is inconvenient to install a prism, resulting in the inability to measure the elevation of facade points. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for measuring the elevation of points on the facade of buildings and structures, which solves the problem that the height of the points on the facade of buildings and structures is too high to install a prism, thus resulting in the inability to measure the elevation of the points on the facade of buildings and structures.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A method for measuring the elevation of points on the facade of buildings and structures includes:

[0008] Determine a leveling benchmark in the front side of the facade of the building or structure and set up a total station, and measure the height between the observation center of the total station and the leveling benchmark; use the total station to observe the target points on the facade, and record the vertical angle when observing the target points.

[0009] Rotate the sighting part of the total station in the vertical direction until its vertical angle is 0°, press the back of the target prism against the facade, adjust the position of the target prism so that the center of the target prism coincides with the observation direction line of the total station, and record the distance and vertical angle between the observation center of the total station and the center of the target prism; calculate the elevation difference between the target point and the leveling benchmark.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for measuring the height between the observation center of the total station and the leveling benchmark includes:

[0011] Set up a base prism assembly on the leveling benchmark, and the base prism assembly includes a base support and a base prism connected to the base support.

[0012] Record the height between the center of the base prism and the leveling benchmark, and record the distance between the observation center of the total station and the center of the base prism; calculate the height between the observation center of the total station and the leveling benchmark.

[0013] Furthermore, the base support includes a prism rod arranged vertically, and the upper end of the prism rod is connected to the base prism.

[0014] Furthermore, a spirit level is provided on the prism rod.

[0015] Furthermore, a bottom plate is connected to the lower end of the prism rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the base support further includes a support member connected to the prism rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the support member includes a sliding ring, a support leg and a fixing screw. The sliding ring is slidably sleeved on the prism rod. One end of the support leg is hinged to the sliding ring, and the fixing screw is used to lock the sliding ring on the prism rod.

[0018] Furthermore, there are at least two support legs, and at least two support legs are arranged circumferentially along the sliding ring.

[0019] Furthermore, the total station is set up between the facade and the leveling benchmark.

[0020] Furthermore, the target prism and the base prism are the same prism.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application:

[0022] The method for measuring the elevation of the elevation points of a building or structure provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize the measurement of the elevation of the elevation points of a building or structure; compared with the prior art, it is not necessary to install a prism at the target point, and it is applicable to the measurement of elevation points at various heights and positions, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a total station;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a target prism;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base point prism assembly;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram when measuring the elevation of the elevation points of a building or structure;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram when measuring the height of the elevation points of a building or structure;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram when measuring the height of an object on the elevation of a building or structure.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 1 - Elevation;

[0032] 2 - Total station;

[0033] 3 - Target prism;

[0034] 4 - Base point prism assembly;

[0035] 41 - Base point support;

[0036] 411 - Prism rod; 412 - Level bubble; 413 - Base plate; 414 - Sliding ring; 415 - Leg; 416 - Fixing screw;

[0037] 42 - Base point prism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application. Without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0039] In the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Without special instructions, in the case of meeting the relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, the above-mentioned directional description can be flexibly set during the actual application process.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , an elevation measurement method for the elevation points on the facade of a building structure is provided in the embodiments of the present application, including the following steps:

[0042] S1. Determine a leveling benchmark point in front of the facade 1 of the building structure and set up a total station 2, and measure the height between the observation center of the total station 2 and the leveling benchmark point; use the total station 2 to observe the target point on the facade 1 and record the vertical angle when observing the target point.

[0043] Specifically, the building structure refers to the general term of buildings and structures. The facade 1 is the vertical external surface of a building or structure, which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. See Figure 4 , there is a target point C with an elevation to be measured on the facade 1, and the elevation of the target point C is denoted as H C . Determine a leveling benchmark point A in front of the facade 1. The leveling benchmark point A can be an elevation reference point or be derived by a combined measurement from an elevation reference point. The elevation of the leveling benchmark point A is denoted as H A .

[0044] See Figure 1 , the total station 2 has distance measurement and angle measurement functions and can be directly purchased on the market. See Figure 4 , place the total station 2 on the ground or foundation in front of the facade 1. The installation height of the total station 2 is generally 1.5 - 1.7 meters. This height range can not only ensure the stability of the instrument but also facilitate the operator to observe and record; of course, the installation height of the total station 2 can also be adjusted according to the actual situation. After the total station 2 is installed, the height between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the benchmark point A is measured as h1. Among them, the total station 2 can be installed between the facade 1 and the benchmark point A, directly above the benchmark point A, or on the side of the benchmark point A far from the facade 1.

[0045] Since the target point C is generally located at a relatively high position of the building structure and does not have the condition to install a prism, the distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the target point C cannot be directly measured. Therefore, by controlling the total station 2 to aim at the target point C, only the vertical angle when observing the target point C with the total station 2 can be obtained, and this vertical angle is recorded as α.

[0046] S2. Rotate the sighting part of the total station 2 in the vertical direction until its vertical angle is 0°. Press the back of the target prism 3 against the facade 1, adjust the position of the target prism 3 so that the center of the target prism 3 coincides with the observation direction line of the total station 2, and record the distance between the observation center of the total station 2 and the center of the target prism 3; calculate the elevation difference between the target point and the benchmark point.

[0047] Specifically, see Figure 2 , the target prism 3 is a portable prism for supporting use with the total station 2 and can be directly purchased on the market. The thickness from the center to the back of the target prism 3 is a fixed parameter and can obtain an accurate value during production, denoted as t.

[0048] See Figure 4 , after measuring and recording the vertical angle α when observing the target point C, rotate the sighting part of the total station 2 in the vertical direction until the vertical angle of the total station 2 is 0°. At this time, the observation direction line of the total station 2 is in a horizontal state and forms an intersection point D with the facade 1, making the triangle CDN a right triangle. The distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the intersection point D is denoted as d1, and the elevation difference between the target point C and the intersection point D is denoted as h2.

[0049] Since the intersection point D is at the same height as the observation center of the total station 2, and the erection height of the total station 2 is generally 1.5 - 1.7 meters, the height of the intersection point D is relatively low, meeting the condition for installing the prism. The prism can be installed at the intersection point D. During operation, first place the target prism 3 preliminarily at the intersection point D, and make the back of the target prism 3 closely adhere to the vertical surface 1. Keep the azimuth of the sighting part of the total station 2 unchanged, and then observe the target prism 3 through the total station 2 and continuously adjust the position of the target prism 3 until the crosshair of the total station 2 coincides with the center of the target prism 3. At this time, the observation center of the total station 2, the center of the target prism 3, and the intersection point D are on the same horizontal line. That is, the center of the target prism 3 coincides with the observation direction line of the total station 2.

[0050] Measure the distance d0 between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center of the target prism 3 through the total station 2, then d1 = d0 + t, and h2 = (d0 + t)tanα. Denote the height difference between the target point C and the benchmark point A as h CA , then h CA = h1 + h2.

[0051] The elevation of the target point C is: H C = H A + h CA = H A + h1 + (d0 + t)tanα. In this formula, H A , t are known quantities, h1, d0, α can all be obtained through measurement. Therefore, after the measurement is completed, the elevation of the target point C can be calculated using this formula.

[0052] The method for measuring the elevation of the elevation point of the building structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the measurement of the elevation of the elevation point of the building structure; compared with the prior art, it does not require installing a prism at the target point, is applicable to the measurement of elevation points at various heights and positions, and has a wide range of applications; it solves the problem that due to the high height of the elevation point of the building structure, it is impossible to install a prism, thus making it impossible to measure the elevation of the elevation point of the building structure.

[0053] In step S1, the total station 2 can be erected directly above the benchmark point A, align the observation center N of the total station 2 with the benchmark point A, and then use measuring tools such as a ruler and a tape measure to measure the height between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the benchmark point A. However, this measurement method relies on manual measurement, is prone to cumulative operation errors during the measurement process, and requires a relatively high skill level for the operator. To ensure the measurement accuracy, it is necessary to measure repeatedly, which not only has a large measurement difficulty but also takes a long time.

[0054] To reduce the measurement difficulty, improve the measurement efficiency and accuracy, in some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4, A method for measuring the height between the observation center of the total station 2 and the leveling base point, comprising the following steps: setting a base point prism assembly 4 on the leveling base point, the base point prism assembly 4 including a base point support 41 and a base point prism 42 connected to the base point support 41; recording the height between the center of the base point prism 42 and the leveling base point, recording the distance and vertical angle between the observation center of the total station 2 and the center of the base point prism 42; calculating the height between the observation center of the total station 2 and the leveling base point.

[0055] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , The base point prism assembly 4 mainly includes a base point support 41 and a base point prism 42. The base point prism 42 is installed on the top of the base point support 41, and the base point prism 42 can rotate around the horizontal center line. The base point support 41 is used for installing and supporting the base point prism 42, and the base point prism 42 is used to cooperate with the total station 2 to achieve distance measurement. Among them, the base point prism 42 and the target prism 3 can be two prisms with the same or different models. Exemplarily, since the base point prism 42 and the target prism 3 are not used simultaneously, the base point prism 42 and the target prism 3 can also be the same prism to save costs. After the base point prism assembly 4 is manufactured, the height between the center B of the base point prism 42 and the bottom surface of the base point support 41 is a fixed parameter, and an accurate value can be obtained during production, denoted as h4. Among them, h4 is preferably between 0.5m and 1m.

[0056] Refer to Figure 4 , Place the bottom surface of the base point support 41 stably on the leveling base point A, then the height between the center B of the base point prism 42 and the leveling base point A is h4. Face the mirror surface of the base point prism 42 towards the total station 2, and by controlling the total station 2 to aim at the base point prism 42, the distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center B of the base point prism 42 is measured as d2, and the vertical angle is β. The height difference between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center B of the base point prism 42 is denoted as h3, and is calculated according to the trigonometric function relationship, h3 = d2sinβ.

[0057] The height between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the leveling base point A is: h1 = h3 + h4 = d2sinβ + h4. The elevation of the target point C can be transformed into: H C = H A + d2sinβ + h4 + (d0 + t)tanα. In this formula, H A , h4, y are known quantities, d2, β, d0, α can all be measured, so after the measurement is completed, the elevation of the target point C can be calculated using this formula.

[0058] The method for measuring the height between the observation center of the total station 2 provided by the embodiments of the present application and the level base point uses the base point prism assembly 4 to assist the total station 2 in measurement, reduces the requirements for the skill level of operators, ensures the measurement accuracy, does not require repeated measurements during the measurement process, reduces the measurement difficulty, and improves the measurement efficiency.

[0059] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the base point support 41 includes a prism rod 411 arranged vertically, and the upper end of the prism rod 411 is connected to the base point prism 42. Among them, the height between the center of the base point prism 42 and the bottom surface of the prism rod 411 is h4. Correspondingly, the structure of this base point support 41 is simple and easy to operate, and can be quickly installed at the level base point A during measurement. During installation, place the bottom surface of the prism rod 411 on the level base point A and make the prism rod 411 in a vertical state. To conveniently adjust the prism rod 411 to a vertical state, referring to Figure 3 , a spirit level 412 is provided on the prism rod 411. Correspondingly, when the prism rod 411 is in a vertical state, the bubble in the spirit level 412 is centered.

[0060] To support the prism rod 411, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , a bottom plate 413 is connected to the lower end of the prism rod 411. Among them, the bottom plate 413 is a horizontally arranged circular plate, and the height between the center of the base point prism 42 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 413 is h4.

[0061] In some embodiments, it can be seen that Figure 3 , the base point support 41 further includes a support member connected to the prism rod 411. Correspondingly, by providing the support member, after the base point prism assembly 4 is installed at the level base point A, the prism rod 411 can be stably supported by the support member, without the need for workers to hold it by hand, which can reduce the number of operators and save labor costs.

[0062] Exemplarily, the support member includes a sliding ring 414, legs 415 and a fixing screw 416. The sliding ring 414 is slidably sleeved on the prism rod 411. One end of the leg 415 is hinged to the sliding ring 414, and the fixing screw 416 is used to lock the sliding ring 414 on the prism rod 411. During operation, the lower end of the leg 415 can be inserted into the ground, and the inclination angle of the prism rod 411 can be adjusted by moving the sliding ring 414 up and down until the bubble in the spirit level 412 is centered. At this time, the prism rod 411 is in a vertical state, and then the fixing screw 416 is tightened to lock the sliding ring 414 on the prism rod 411. Further, there are at least two legs 415, and at least two legs 415 are arranged circumferentially along the sliding ring 414. By providing at least two legs 415, the stability and reliability of its support for the prism rod 411 can be improved.

[0063] The elevation measurement method for the elevation points of buildings and structures provided by the embodiments of this application has various application scenarios. For example: 1. Measuring the elevation of the target point on elevation 1; 2. Measuring the height of the target point on elevation 1 relative to the ground; 3. Measuring the height of the object on elevation 1. The following will be described in conjunction with Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , as well as Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3. It should be noted that for ease of representation, Figures 4 to 6 the dimensions in [[]] are not expressed in proportion, and some dimensions are exaggerated.

[0064] Embodiment 1:

[0065] Measuring the elevation H of the target point C on elevation 1 of the building and structure C , including the following steps:

[0066] Provide the total station 2 as Figure 1 described, provide the target prism 3 as Figure 2 shown. The thickness from the center to the back of the target prism 3 is a fixed parameter t. Provide the base point prism assembly 4 as Figure 3 shown. The height between the center of the base point prism 42 and the bottom surface of the base plate 413 is a fixed parameter h4.

[0067] Refer to Figure 4 , determine the leveling base point A on the right side of elevation 1. The elevation of the leveling base point A is H A . Set up the total station 2 at a position near the leveling base point A between elevation 1 and the leveling base point A. Place the base plate 413 of the base point prism assembly 4 on the leveling base point A, and adjust the prism rod 411 to the vertical state through the cooperation of the support member and the spirit level 412. Adjust the base point prism 42 so that it is convenient to face the direction of the total station 2 and convenient for the total station 2 to observe. Record the height h4 between the center B of the base point prism 42 and the leveling base point A.

[0068] Control the total station 2 to aim at the base point prism 42, and measure that the distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center B of the base point prism 42 is d2, and the vertical angle is β. The height difference between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center B of the base point prism 42 is denoted as h3, which is calculated according to the trigonometric function relationship as h3 = d2sinβ. The height between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the leveling base point A is: h1 = h3 + h4 = d2sinβ + h4.

[0069] Control the total station 2 to aim at the target point C on the vertical plane 1, obtain the vertical angle α when observing the target point C, and rotate the sighting unit of the total station 2 in the vertical direction until its vertical angle is 0°. At this time, the observation direction line of the total station 2 is in a horizontal state and forms an intersection point D with the vertical plane 1. The distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the intersection point D is denoted as d1, and the elevation difference between the target point C and the intersection point D is denoted as h2.

[0070] First, initially place the target prism 3 at the intersection point D and make the back of the target prism 3 closely adhere to the vertical plane 1. Keep the azimuth of the sighting unit of the total station 2 unchanged, and then observe the target prism 3 through the total station 2 and continuously adjust the position of the target prism 3 until the crosshair of the total station 2 coincides with the center of the target prism 3. At this time, the observation center of the total station 2, the center of the target prism 3, and the intersection point D are on the same horizontal line. That is to say, the center of the target prism 3 coincides with the observation direction line of the total station 2. Measure the distance d0 between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center of the target prism 3 through the total station 2, then d1 = d0 + t, and h2 = (d0 + t)tanα. Denote the elevation difference between the target point C and the benchmark point A as h CA , then h CA = h1 + h2.

[0071] The elevation of the target point C is: H C = H A + h CA = H A + d2sinβ + h4 + (d0 + t)tanα.

[0072] Embodiment 2:

[0073] Measure the height of the target point C on the vertical plane 1 of the building structure relative to the ground, including the following steps:

[0074] Provide the total station 2 as Figure 1 described, provide the target prism 3 as Figure 2 shown, and the thickness from the center to the back of the target prism 3 is a fixed parameter t.

[0075] Refer to Figure 5 , set up the total station 2 on the ground on the right side of the vertical plane 1. The point on the ground directly opposite the observation center of the total station 2 is the determined benchmark point A, and this benchmark point A can be a virtual point and may not be marked on the ground.

[0076] Control the total station 2 to aim at the target point C on the vertical plane 1, obtain the vertical angle α when observing the target point C, and rotate the sighting unit of the total station 2 in the vertical direction until its vertical angle is 0°. At this time, the observation direction line of the total station 2 is in a horizontal state and forms an intersection point D with the vertical plane 1. The distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the intersection point D is denoted as d1, and the elevation difference between the target point C and the intersection point D is denoted as h2.

[0077] First, preliminarily place the target prism 3 at the intersection point D, and make the back of the target prism 3 closely adhere to the vertical surface 1. Keep the azimuth of the sighting part of the total station 2 unchanged. Then, observe the target prism 3 through the total station 2 and continuously adjust the position of the target prism 3 until the crosshair of the total station 2 coincides with the center of the target prism 3. At this time, the observation center of the total station 2, the center of the target prism 3, and the intersection point D are on the same horizontal line. That is, the center of the target prism 3 coincides with the observation direction line of the total station 2. Measure the distance d0 between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center of the target prism 3 through the total station 2, then d1 = d0 + t, and h2 = (d0 + t)tanα.

[0078] The intersection point of the extension line of the connection line between the target point C and the intersection point D and the ground is E. The height difference between the intersection point D and the intersection point E is denoted as h1. Since the height of the intersection point D is relatively low and can be directly measured by the operator, h1 can be measured using a ruler, a tape measure, or a laser rangefinder.

[0079] The height of the target point C relative to the ground is equal to the height difference h between the target point C and the intersection point E CE ,h CE = h1 + h2 = h1 + (d0 + t)tanα.

[0080] Example 3:

[0081] To measure the height of an object on the vertical surface 1 of a building or structure, the following steps are included:

[0082] Provide the total station 2 as described in Figure 1 , provide the target prism 3 as shown in Figure 2 . The thickness from the center to the back of the target prism 3 is a fixed parameter t.

[0083] Refer to Figure 6 , set up the total station 2 on the ground on the right side of the vertical surface 1. Aim the total station 2 at the upper edge of the object on the vertical surface 1, and denote the upper edge as the high point F. Obtain the vertical angle α when observing the high point F. Rotate the total station 2 downward in the vertical direction to aim at the lower edge of the object on the vertical surface 1, and denote the lower edge as the low point G. Obtain the vertical angle β when observing the low point G. Continue to rotate the sighting part of the total station 2 downward in the vertical direction until its vertical angle is 0°. At this time, the observation direction line of the total station 2 is in a horizontal state and forms an intersection point D with the vertical surface 1. The distance between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the intersection point D is denoted as d1, the height difference between the high point F and the intersection point D is denoted as h2, and the height difference between the low point G and the intersection point D is denoted as h3.

[0084] First, initially place the target prism 3 at the intersection point D, and make the back of the target prism 3 closely adhere to the vertical surface 1. Keep the azimuth of the sighting part of the total station 2 unchanged. Then, observe the target prism 3 through the total station 2 and continuously adjust the position of the target prism 3 until the crosshair of the total station 2 coincides with the center of the target prism 3. At this time, the observation center of the total station 2, the center of the target prism 3, and the intersection point D are on the same horizontal line. That is, the center of the target prism 3 coincides with the observation direction line of the total station 2. Measure the distance d0 between the observation center N of the total station 2 and the center of the target prism 3 through the total station 2, then d1 = d0 + t. According to the trigonometric function relationship, h2 = (d0 + t)tanα, h3 = (d0 + t)tanβ.

[0085] The height of the object on the vertical surface 1 is equal to the height difference h between the high point F and the low point G FG , h FG = h2 - h3 = (d0 + t)tanα - (d0 + t)tanβ = (d0 + t)(tanα - tanβ).

[0086] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the elevation of points on the facade of a building or structure, characterized in that Including: Determine a leveling benchmark in front of the front side of the facade (1) of a building or structure and set up a total station (2), and measure the height between the observation center of the total station (2) and the leveling benchmark; Use the total station (2) to observe the target points on the facade (1), and record the vertical angles when observing the target points; Rotate the sighting part of the total station (2) in the vertical direction until its vertical angle is 0°, press the back of the target prism (3) tightly against the facade (1), adjust the position of the target prism (3) so that the center of the target prism (3) coincides with the observation direction line of the total station (2), and record the distance between the observation center of the total station (2) and the center of the target prism (3); calculate the elevation difference between the target point and the leveling benchmark.

2. The method for measuring the elevation of building facade points according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for measuring the height between the observation center of the total station (2) and the leveling benchmark includes: Set up a base prism assembly (4) on the leveling benchmark, and the base prism assembly (4) includes a base support (41) and a base prism (42) connected to the base support (41); Record the height between the center of the base prism (42) and the leveling benchmark, record the distance and the vertical angle between the observation center of the total station (2) and the center of the base prism (42); calculate the height between the observation center of the total station (2) and the leveling benchmark.

3. The method for measuring the elevation of the facade points of a building or structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base support (41) includes a vertically arranged prism rod (411), and the upper end of the prism rod (411) is connected to the base prism (42).

4. The method for measuring the elevation of building facade points according to claim 3, characterized in that, A spirit level (412) is provided on the prism rod (411).

5. The elevation measurement method of the building facade point positions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the prism rod (411) is connected with a base plate (413).

6. The method for measuring the elevation of the facade points of a building or structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base support (41) further includes a support member connected to the prism rod (411).

7. The method for measuring the elevation of the facade points of a building or structure according to claim 6, characterized in that The support member includes a sliding ring (414), a leg (415) and a fixing screw (416), the sliding ring (414) is slidably sleeved on the prism rod (411), one end of the leg (415) is hinged to the sliding ring (414), and the fixing screw (416) is used to lock the sliding ring (414) on the prism rod (411).

8. The method for measuring the elevation of the elevation points of the building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, There are at least two legs (415), and at least two legs (415) are arranged circumferentially along the sliding ring (414).

9. The method for measuring the elevation of the facade points of a building or structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total station (2) is set up between the facade (1) and the leveling benchmark.

10. The method for measuring the elevation of building facade points according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target prism (3) and the base prism (42) are the same prism.

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