A facility agriculture crop canopy solar energy heating system

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system, utilize clean, pollution-free and low-cost solar energy for crop canopy heating, ensure normal growth of crop canopy.The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system includes: crop canopy insulation layer, heat storage wall and heat conductor;The crop canopy insulation layer divides the interior space of the facility agriculture into two layers, wherein the lower layer is the crop canopy insulation space;The crop canopy insulation layer can be rolled up or unfolded;The south side of the north wall of the crop canopy insulation space in the facility agriculture is provided with a heat storage wall for storing the heat formed after daytime sunlight irradiation;A plurality of heat conductors are provided in the heat storage wall for transferring heat to the interior of the heat storage wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solar heating system, specifically a solar heating system for crop canopies in facility agriculture, belonging to the field of solar thermal utilization and energy conservation and environmental protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Facility agriculture can ensure that crops grow normally under low temperature conditions. However, in frigid regions, the extreme cold climate makes it difficult for crops to grow normally in facility agriculture, especially the crop canopy. Newly grown tender leaves and buds are more susceptible to low temperature damage, so it is necessary to ensure the growth temperature of the crop canopy.

[0003] In the frigid northern regions, heating facilities such as coal-fired, gas-fired, or electric boilers are typically used to warm the crop canopy; however, coal-fired and gas-fired boilers cause environmental pollution and pose fire hazards, while using electricity is costly and requires upgrading and transformation of power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a solar heating system for crop canopy in facility agriculture, which uses clean, pollution-free and low-cost solar energy to heat the crop canopy and ensure the normal growth of the crop canopy.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a solar heating system for crop canopy in facility agriculture, comprising: a crop canopy insulation layer, a heat storage wall, and a heat conductor;

[0006] The crop canopy insulation layer divides the internal space of the facility agriculture into upper and lower layers, with the lower layer being the crop canopy insulation space; the crop canopy insulation layer can be retracted or extended;

[0007] A heat storage wall is installed on the south side of the north wall of the facility agriculture within the crop canopy insulation space to store the heat generated by sunlight.

[0008] The heat storage wall is equipped with several heat conductors to transfer heat into the interior of the heat storage wall.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat conductor is a heat pipe type heat conductor;

[0010] The heat pipe type heat conductor includes: a light absorber, a concentrating heat collector, a heat pipe, and a low-boiling-point phase change material;

[0011] The light absorber is located at the front end of the heat pipe and is connected to the heat pipe; the light absorber is exposed on the surface of the heat storage wall and is used to absorb solar radiation; a concentrating solar collector is placed inside the light absorber and filled with liquid low-boiling-point phase change material.

[0012] The heat pipe is embedded obliquely upward inside the heat storage wall.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a condensation and moisture absorption unit, which is used to guide the condensate on the inner surface of the crop canopy insulation layer to the ground.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of condensation and moisture absorption units are provided on the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer;

[0015] The condensation and moisture absorption unit includes: a flexible moisture-absorbing rope and a counterweight;

[0016] The upper end of the flexible moisture-absorbing rope is connected to the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer, and the lower end is suspended by a counterweight. When the crop canopy insulation layer is unfolded, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope also extends under the action of the counterweight and remains vertically suspended. The vertical position of the flexible moisture-absorbing rope avoids the crop canopy.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope is provided with a plurality of condensation tips distributed along the height direction, one end of the condensation tip being located on the flexible moisture-absorbing rope, and the other end being inclined outward and upward relative to the flexible moisture-absorbing rope.

[0018] Moisture in the air within the crop canopy insulation space can condense into water droplets at the condensation tip, which then flows along the condensation tip to the flexible moisture-absorbing rope.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the facility agriculture includes a facility agriculture north wall, a facility agriculture support frame, an outer film, and an outer insulation layer;

[0020] One end of the facility agriculture support frame is connected to the upper end of the north wall of the facility agriculture, and the other end is supported on the ground; the outer film is laid on the facility agriculture support frame; the outer insulation layer is laid on the surface of the outer film, and the outer insulation layer can be folded up or unfolded.

[0021] A crop canopy support frame is installed below the facility agriculture support frame. One end of the crop canopy support frame is connected to the north wall of the facility agriculture, and the other end is supported on the ground. The crop canopy insulation layer is supported on the crop canopy support frame and can be folded up or unfolded.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a linkage unit is provided between the outer insulation layer and the crop canopy insulation layer; when the outer insulation layer is retracted, the crop canopy insulation layer is also retracted under the action of the linkage unit; when the outer insulation layer is extended, the crop canopy insulation layer is also extended under the action of the linkage unit.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, linkage units are provided on both sides of the outer insulation layer in the lateral direction;

[0024] The linkage unit includes a fixed pulley assembly, a traction rope, and a rebound device;

[0025] The outer insulation layer is slidably engaged with guide rails on the facility agriculture support frame via sliders on both sides. The movement of the sliders on the guide rails enables the outer insulation layer to be folded up or unfolded. When the outer insulation layer is folded up, it is folded up from bottom to top, and when it is unfolded, it is laid down from top to bottom.

[0026] The upper end of the facility agriculture support frame is equipped with a fixed pulley assembly. One end of the crop canopy insulation layer is connected to one end of the traction rope, and the other end is connected to the rebound device. The other end of the traction rope passes around the fixed pulley assembly on the corresponding side and is connected to the slider on the corresponding side. The rebound device is located on the ground-contacting side of the crop canopy support frame.

[0027] When the slider is located at the lower end of the guide rail and the outer insulation layer is in the unfolded state, the crop canopy insulation layer is also in the unfolded state. At this time, the rebound device is in the stretched state and has a rebound force, and the traction rope is in the taut state.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the crop canopy support frame is adjustable.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the heat storage wall is coated with a black heat-absorbing coating.

[0030] Beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The solar heating system for crop canopy in facility agriculture of the present invention can use clean, pollution-free and low-cost solar energy to heat the crop canopy through the setting of heat storage wall and heat conductor, so as to ensure the normal growth of crop canopy; wherein the heat conductor can transfer heat to the deep layer of heat storage wall, increasing the heat storage capacity of heat storage wall.

[0032] (2) In this invention, the heat pipe heat pipe is used as the heat conductor, which can efficiently transfer heat to the deep layer of the heat storage wall, solving the problem that the deep layer is difficult to store heat due to the poor thermal conductivity of the heat storage wall, and increasing the heat storage capacity of the heat storage wall.

[0033] (3) At night, the temperature inside the crop canopy insulation space decreases compared to the daytime, causing increased humidity. Increased air humidity increases the occurrence of pests and diseases, and moist air condenses into water droplets. When these water droplets fall onto the crop canopy leaves, they can cause leaf damage. Based on this, the system of the present invention further includes a condensation and moisture absorption unit, which can guide the condensate on the inner surface of the crop canopy insulation layer to the ground, avoiding the crop canopy and reducing the amount of water droplets falling onto the crop leaves.

[0034] (4) The condensation and moisture absorption unit in this invention adopts a design of flexible moisture absorption rope and counterweight. The structure is simple. Through the gravity of the counterweight, the flexible moisture absorption rope can maintain a vertical hanging state, thereby drawing water on the flexible moisture absorption rope to the ground, avoiding the crop canopy, and reducing water droplets falling onto the crop leaves.

[0035] (5) In this invention, several condensation tips are arranged on the flexible moisture-absorbing rope. The condensation tips are similar to the condensation principle of dew tips. When the crop canopy insulation space is in a low temperature and high humidity condition, the moisture in the air will condense into water droplets on the condensation tips and be guided along the condensation tips to the flexible moisture-absorbing rope, thereby reducing the air humidity in the crop canopy insulation space.

[0036] (6) In this invention, a linkage unit is set between the outer insulation layer and the crop canopy insulation layer, which can realize the linkage between the two. When the outer insulation layer is retracted, the crop canopy insulation layer can be retracted accordingly; when the outer insulation layer is unfolded, the crop canopy insulation layer can be unfolded accordingly, thereby realizing the synchronous retraction and unfolding of the outer insulation layer and the crop canopy insulation layer. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solar heating system for crop canopies in facility agriculture according to the present invention during the daytime.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the solar heating system for crop canopies in facility agriculture according to the present invention at night.

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a soil thermal storage wall;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a heat pipe heat pipe;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a condensation dehumidification unit.

[0042] The components are: 1-Outer insulation layer; 2-North wall of facility agriculture; 3-Support frame of facility agriculture; 4-Outer film; 5-Guide rail; 6-Slider; 7-Fixed pulley assembly; 8-Traction rope; 9-Rebound device; 10-Crop canopy support frame; 11-Heat storage wall; 12-Heat pipe type heat conductor; 13-Crop canopy insulation layer; 14-Light absorber; 15-Concentrating solar collector; 16-Low temperature phase change material; 17-Heat pipe; 18-Flexible dehumidification rope; 19-Condensing tip; 20-Counterweight; 21-Crop canopy insulation space. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] This embodiment proposes a solar heating system for the canopy of agricultural crops in facility agriculture, which can utilize solar energy to heat the canopy of agricultural crops in frigid regions, ensuring the normal growth of the crop canopy.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system includes: crop canopy insulation layer 13, heat storage wall 11, and heat conductor.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the facility agriculture is set up facing south and includes a north wall 2, a support frame 3, an outer film 4, and an outer insulation layer 1. One end of the support frame 3 is connected to the upper end of the north wall 2, and the other end is supported on the ground. The outer film 4 is laid on the support frame 3, thus forming a greenhouse for agricultural crops through the north wall 2, support frame 3, and outer film 4. The outer insulation layer 1 is laid on the surface of the outer film 4 and can be retracted or unfolded. As an example, the outer insulation layer 1 is an insulating cotton blanket.

[0048] A crop canopy support frame 10 is installed below the facility agriculture support frame 3. One end of the crop canopy support frame 10 is connected to the north wall 2 of the facility agriculture, and the other end is supported on the ground. The crop canopy support frame 10 is used to support the crop canopy insulation layer 13. The crop canopy insulation layer 13 divides the internal space of the facility agriculture (i.e., the aforementioned solar greenhouse) into upper and lower layers, with the lower layer (i.e., the space between the crop canopy insulation layer 13 and the ground) being the crop canopy insulation space 21. The crop canopy insulation layer 13 can be retracted or extended; it can be retracted during the day and can cover the crop canopy at night.

[0049] As an example, the crop canopy support frame 10 is height-adjustable, allowing the height of the crop canopy insulation space 21 to be adjusted according to different crops being grown.

[0050] As an example, the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is a flexible insulation layer; furthermore, the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is a porous, breathable, flexible insulation layer.

[0051] A heat storage wall 11 is installed on the south side of the north wall 2 of the facility agriculture (i.e., the side facing the greenhouse space) to store the heat generated by sunlight during the day. As an example, the heat storage wall 11 is installed on the south side of the north wall 2 of the facility agriculture in the portion located in the crop canopy insulation space 21.

[0052] The working principle of the solar heating system for agricultural crop canopies in this facility is as follows:

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, during the day, the outer insulation layer 1 and the crop canopy insulation layer 13 of the facility agriculture are opened (i.e., retracted). For example, the outer insulation layer 1 is placed at one end of the facility agriculture support frame 3, and the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is placed at one end of the crop canopy support frame 10. Sunlight passes through the outer film 4 and enters the facility agriculture, increasing the indoor air temperature. The portion of sunlight not utilized by the crops shines on the heat storage wall 11, and the surface of the heat storage wall 11 can directly convert solar energy into heat energy and store the heat on the surface.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, when the air temperature drops at night, the outer insulation layer 1 and the crop canopy insulation layer 13 are unfolded, with the crop canopy insulation layer 13 covering the crop canopy to form a crop canopy insulation space 21. At this time, the heat storage wall 11 can release the heat stored during the day into the crop canopy insulation space 21. The released heat first accumulates near the heat storage wall 11. As the hot air rises, it flows towards the top of the crop canopy insulation space 21. The air temperature is lower near the south side of the greenhouse, and the low-temperature air flows from the bottom of the south side towards the vicinity of the heat storage wall 11. Meanwhile, the hot air flows back to the south side along the top of the crop canopy insulation space 21, forming a hot air circulation. This achieves the warming of the crop canopy by the heat storage wall 11, ensuring the crop growth temperature.

[0055] As an example, the surface of the thermal storage wall 11 is coated with a black heat-absorbing coating.

[0056] As an example, the thermal storage wall 11 is a soil-based thermal storage wall, primarily made of soil. Due to the limited thermal conductivity of the soil, it is difficult to transfer heat to the deeper layers of the thermal storage wall 11 within a day. Therefore, several heat conductors are embedded obliquely within the thermal storage wall 11 to transfer heat to the interior of the thermal storage wall 11, i.e., the deeper layers of the thermal storage wall 11; for example... Figure 3 As shown, several heat conductors are embedded in the heat storage wall 11 in an array.

[0057] As an example, a heat conductor is such as Figure 4 The heat pipe heat pipe 12 shown is a heat pipe type heat pipe device. The heat pipe type heat pipe 12 includes: a light absorber 14, a concentrating collector 15, a heat pipe 17, and a low-boiling-point phase change material 16. The light absorber 14, made of transparent plastic, is located at the front end of the heat pipe 17 and is connected to it; the light absorber 14 is exposed on the surface of the heat storage wall 11 to absorb solar radiation. As an example, the light absorber 14 has a spherical structure, i.e., a light-absorbing sphere. The concentrating collector 15 is placed inside the light absorber 14; as an example, the concentrating collector 15 built into the light absorber 14 is a dish-type concentrating collector, which can improve the concentrating heat collection efficiency. The light absorber 14 is filled with a liquid low-boiling-point phase change material 16, which undergoes a phase change when heated; as an example, the low-boiling-point phase change material 16 has a boiling point between 30°C and 60°C. The heat pipe 17 at the rear end of the heat pipe heat conductor 12 is buried obliquely upward in the deep layer of the heat storage wall 11.

[0058] The working principle of the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 is as follows: During the day, after the absorber 14 absorbs solar radiation, the concentrator 15 heats the internal liquid low-boiling-point phase change material 16. The liquid low-boiling-point phase change material 16 absorbs heat and changes from liquid to gas, moving towards the heat pipe 17 at the rear. Because the heat pipe 17 is located deep within the heat storage wall 11 and has a low temperature, the gaseous low-boiling-point phase change material 16 condenses into liquid through a phase change process, releasing heat in the process. The heat pipe 17 transfers the released heat to the depths of the heat storage wall 11 for storage. The liquid low-temperature phase change material 16 flows back to the absorber 14 for reheating (the heat pipe heat exchanger 12 is tilted to facilitate the reflux of the liquid low-temperature phase change material 16). Through this process, heat can be stored deep within the heat storage wall 11.

[0059] Thus, the surface of the heat storage wall 11 can absorb and store heat, while the heat pipe heat conductor 12 can transfer the heat to the depths of the heat storage wall 11, solving the problem that the soil's poor thermal conductivity makes it difficult to store heat in the deep layers, and increasing the heat storage capacity of the heat storage wall 11.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] Based on the above embodiment 1, a linkage unit is further provided to realize the linkage of the outer insulation layer 1 and the crop canopy insulation layer 13 in retracting or unfolding. That is, when the outer insulation layer 1 is retracted, the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is also retracted; when the outer insulation layer 1 is unfolded, the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is also unfolded.

[0062] In this example, linkage units are provided on both sides of the outer insulation layer 1 (i.e., both sides in the width direction of the outer insulation layer 1). The linkage unit includes a fixed pulley assembly 7, a traction rope 8, and a rebound device 9. The rebound device 9 can be an elastic element such as a coil spring. Guide rails 5 are provided on both sides of the facility agriculture support frame 3 from its ground contact side to the connection side with the upper end of the facility agriculture north wall 2. A slider 6 is provided on the outer insulation layer 1 to slide in cooperation with the guide rails 5. That is, the outer insulation layer 1 is slidably engaged with the guide rails 5 on both sides of the outer insulation layer 1 through the slider 6. The movement of the slider 6 on the guide rails 5 realizes the raising and lowering of the outer insulation layer 1. When the outer insulation layer 1 is raised, it is raised from bottom to top (i.e., raised from the ground contact side of the facility agriculture support frame 3 to the connection side with the upper end of the facility agriculture north wall 2), and when it is lowered, it is lowered. The upper end of the facility agriculture support frame 3 is equipped with a fixed pulley assembly 7 (fixed pulley assemblies 7 are provided on both sides laterally). One end of the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is connected to one end of the traction rope 8, and the other end is connected to the rebound device 9. The other end of the traction rope 8 passes around the fixed pulley assembly 7 on the corresponding side and is connected to the slider 6 on the corresponding side. The rebound device 9 is located on the ground-contacting side of the crop canopy support frame 10.

[0063] When the slider 6 is at the end (lower end) of the guide rail 5, the outer insulation layer 1 is in the unfolded (i.e., laid) state, and the crop canopy insulation layer is also in the unfolded (i.e., laid) state. At this time, the rebound device 9 is in the stretched state and has a rebound force, and the traction rope 8 is in the taut state. It can be understood that: limited by the length of the traction rope 8 and the weight of the outer insulation layer 1, the rebound force of the rebound device 9 can only pull the traction rope 8 and the crop canopy insulation layer 13 in the relaxed state; when the outer insulation layer 1 is in the unfolded state, the traction rope 8 is in the taut state, and the rebound force of the rebound device 9 is insufficient to pull the outer insulation layer 1.

[0064] The working principle of this linkage unit is as follows:

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, during the day, the outer insulation layer 1 of the facility agriculture is retracted. During the retraction process, the slider 6 connected to the outer insulation layer 1 slides along the guide rail 5 to the top of the facility agriculture support frame 3 (the movement of the slider 6 along the guide rail 5 can be achieved by setting a power unit); during this process, the traction rope 8 is released, and under the action of the rebound force of the rebound device 9, the canopy insulation layer 13 is pulled along the canopy support frame 10 from top to bottom to the south side of the solar greenhouse (that is, to the side of the canopy support frame 10 that touches the ground).

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, when the air temperature drops at night, the slider 6 connected to the outer insulation layer 1 slides down the guide rail 5 from top to bottom, causing the outer insulation layer 1 to unfold. That is, the outer insulation layer 1 is laid out for insulation. When the outer insulation layer 1 unfolds from top to bottom, the crop canopy insulation layer 13 can be pulled up from bottom to top along the crop canopy support frame 10 by the traction rope 8, covering the crop canopy and forming a crop canopy insulation space.

[0067] Example 3:

[0068] Based on the above embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the solar heating system further includes a condensation and moisture absorption unit.

[0069] At night, the temperature inside the crop canopy insulation space 21 decreases compared to the daytime, causing increased humidity. Increased air humidity increases the occurrence of pests and diseases, as moist air condenses into water droplets. When these droplets fall onto the crop canopy leaves, they can cause leaf damage. Therefore, multiple [other components] are added inside the crop canopy insulation space 21... Figure 5 The condensation and moisture absorption unit shown reduces the air humidity within the crop canopy insulation space 21. This unit guides condensate from the inner surface of the crop canopy insulation layer 13 to the ground.

[0070] Several condensation and moisture absorption units are installed on the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer 13; such as Figure 5As shown, the condensation and moisture absorption unit includes: a flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18, a condensation tip 19, and a counterweight 20. The flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 is a long strip structure made of flexible moisture-absorbing material, with its upper end connected to the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer 13; the counterweight 20 is suspended from the lower end of the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18. When the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is unfolded, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 also extends under the action of the counterweight 20 and remains vertically suspended. The flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 is positioned away from the crop canopy. When the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is retracted, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 retracts accordingly.

[0071] At night, water droplets will condense on the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer 13. Due to gravity, the condensation and moisture absorption unit will cause the crop canopy insulation layer 13 to be concave at the connection point of the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, the crop canopy insulation layer 13 forms an outwardly convex surface at the connection point with the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18, allowing condensation droplets on the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer 13 to slide onto the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18. Through the gravity of the counterweight 20, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 remains vertically suspended, thus drawing water from the rope to the ground, avoiding the crop canopy and reducing the amount of water droplets falling onto the crop leaves. Simultaneously, during the phase change process of water vapor condensation in the air, heat can still be released into the crop canopy insulation space.

[0072] As an example, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 has several condensation tips 19 distributed along its height. One end of each condensation tip 19 is located on the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18, and the other end is tilted outward and upward. Similar to the principle of dew condensation at the tip, in the low-temperature and high-humidity conditions of the crop canopy insulation space 21, moisture in the air will condense into water droplets on the condensation tips 19 and be channeled along the condensation tips 19 to the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18, thereby reducing the air humidity within the crop canopy insulation space 21. It can be understood that the condensation tips 19 are of an openable structure or made of non-rigid material, ensuring that when the crop canopy insulation layer 13 is retracted, the condensation tips 19 on the flexible moisture-absorbing rope 18 will not puncture the crop canopy insulation layer 13.

[0073] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar heating system for crop canopies in facility agriculture, characterized in that, include: Crop canopy insulation layer (13), heat storage wall (11) and heat conductor; The crop canopy insulation layer (13) divides the internal space of the facility agriculture into upper and lower layers, with the lower layer being the crop canopy insulation space (21); the crop canopy insulation layer (13) can be retracted or unfolded; A heat storage wall (11) is provided on the south side of the north wall (2) of the facility agriculture in the crop canopy heat insulation space (21) to store the heat generated after sunlight exposure; The heat storage wall (11) is provided with several heat conductors for transferring heat to the interior of the heat storage wall (11); The facility agriculture has a facility agriculture north wall (2), facility agriculture support frame (3), outer film (4) and outer insulation layer (1); One end of the facility agriculture support frame (3) is connected to the upper end of the north wall (2) of the facility agriculture, and the other end is supported on the ground; the outer film (4) is laid on the facility agriculture support frame (3); the outer insulation layer (1) is laid on the surface of the outer film (4), and the outer insulation layer (1) can be folded up or unfolded. A crop canopy support frame (10) is provided below the facility agriculture support frame (3). One end of the crop canopy support frame (10) is connected to the north wall (2) of the facility agriculture, and the other end is supported on the ground. The crop canopy insulation layer (13) is supported on the crop canopy support frame (10) and can be folded up or unfolded. A linkage unit is provided between the outer insulation layer (1) and the crop canopy insulation layer (13); when the outer insulation layer (1) is retracted, the crop canopy insulation layer (13) is also retracted under the action of the linkage unit; when the outer insulation layer (1) is unfolded, the crop canopy insulation layer (13) is also unfolded under the action of the linkage unit. The outer insulation layer (1) is provided with linkage units on both sides in the horizontal direction; The linkage unit includes a fixed pulley assembly (7), a traction rope (8), and a rebound device (9). The outer insulation layer (1) is slidably engaged with the guide rail (5) set on the facility agriculture support frame (3) by the slider (6) on both sides. The movement of the slider (6) on the guide rail (5) realizes the folding or unfolding of the outer insulation layer (1). When the outer insulation layer (1) is folded up, it is folded up from bottom to top. When it is unfolded, it is laid down from top to bottom. The upper end of the facility agriculture support frame (3) is provided with a fixed pulley assembly (7), one end of the crop canopy insulation layer (13) is connected to one end of the traction rope (8), and the other end is connected to the rebound device (9); the other end of the traction rope (8) passes around the fixed pulley assembly (7) on the corresponding side and is connected to the slider (6) on the corresponding side; the rebound device (9) is provided on the ground-contacting side of the crop canopy support frame (10); When the slider (6) is located at the lower end of the guide rail (5) and the outer insulation layer (1) is in the unfolded state, the crop canopy insulation layer (13) is also in the unfolded state. At this time, the rebound device (9) is in the stretched state and has rebound force, and the traction rope (8) is in the taut state.

2. The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat conductor is a heat pipe type heat conductor (12); The heat pipe heat conductor (12) includes: a light absorber (14), a concentrating collector (15), a heat pipe (17), and a low-boiling-point phase change material (16). The light absorber (14) is located at the front end of the heat pipe (17) and is connected to the heat pipe (17); the light absorber (14) is exposed on the surface of the heat storage wall (11) and is used to absorb solar radiation; a concentrating collector (15) is placed inside the light absorber (14) and filled with liquid low-boiling-point phase change material (16). The heat pipe (17) is embedded obliquely upward inside the heat storage wall (11).

3. The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a condensation and moisture absorption unit, which is used to guide the condensate on the inner surface of the crop canopy insulation layer (13) to the ground.

4. The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Several condensation and moisture absorption units are provided on the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer (13); The condensation and moisture absorption unit includes: a flexible moisture-absorbing rope (18) and a counterweight (20); The upper end of the flexible moisture-absorbing rope (18) is connected to the lower surface of the crop canopy insulation layer (13), and the lower end is suspended by a counterweight (20). When the crop canopy insulation layer (13) is unfolded, the flexible moisture-absorbing rope (18) also extends under the action of the counterweight (20) and remains in a vertically suspended state. The vertical position of the flexible moisture-absorbing rope (18) avoids the crop canopy.

5. The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The flexible absorbent rope (18) has a plurality of condensation tips (19) distributed along the height direction. One end of the condensation tip (19) is located on the flexible absorbent rope (18), and the other end is inclined outward and upward relative to the flexible absorbent rope (18). Moisture in the air of the crop canopy insulation space (21) can condense into water droplets at the condensation tip (19) and flow along the condensation tip (19) to the flexible moisture-absorbing rope (18).

6. The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the crop canopy support frame (10) is adjustable.

7. The facility agriculture crop canopy solar heating system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The surface of the heat storage wall (11) is coated with a black heat-absorbing coating.

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