Forging and pressing die and die forging forming method for valve seat

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, particularly relates to a forging and stamping die for a valve seat and a die forging forming method, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that an existing upper die and an existing lower die are prone to shifting, additional heating equipment is needed for preheating the dies, and the forging efficiency is greatly reduced due to manual material taking. A top plate is fixed to the top of the base through supporting columns, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly penetrates through the interior of the top plate, a mold base is fixed to an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, an upper mold is fixed to the bottom end of the mold base through bolts, and a lower mold is arranged at the top of the base. The upper die and the lower die can be positioned through cooperation of the limiting columns, the limiting sliding blocks and the positioning columns, dislocation between the upper die and the lower die in the forging and pressing process is avoided, and the lower die can be automatically preheated through heat emitted by multiple rough blanks in the forging and pressing process; and ejection and discharge of the formed valve seat can be automatically completed in the lifting movement process of the mold seat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forging, and particularly to a forging die for a valve seat and a die forging forming method. Background Art

[0002] The forging mechanism is mainly used for metal forming, so it is also called a metal forming machine tool. The forging equipment forms by applying pressure to the metal. The basic characteristic is that the force is large, so most of them are heavy equipment, and safety protection devices are provided on them to ensure the safety of the equipment and personnel. When using the forging mechanism to forge a valve seat, the workpiece needs to be heated to 1250 °C in a heating furnace, and then the workpiece is pre-forged to form a rough blank, and then the rough blank is placed in a die forging die for die forging forming.

[0003] However, there are still the following deficiencies in the prior art during the forging and forming process of the valve seat: 1. In the prior art, during the reciprocating die forging process, the upper and lower dies are prone to misalignment, resulting in difficulties in subsequent processing until scrapping; 2. Before forging, the die needs to be preheated to improve the service life of the die and reduce the energy consumption during forging. However, in the prior art, an additional heating device is required to preheat the die, resulting in an increase in forging costs; 3. After forging, it is necessary for workers to take out the formed die through a fixture, and then place the rough blank for the next forging. Manual material taking greatly reduces the forging efficiency.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes a forging die for a valve seat and a die forging forming method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages that the existing upper and lower dies are prone to misalignment, an additional heating device is required to preheat the die, and manual material taking greatly reduces the forging efficiency, and to propose a forging die for a valve seat and a die forging forming method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A forging die for a valve seat, including a base, the top of the base is fixed with a top plate through a support column, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly penetrated in the top plate, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a die seat, the bottom end of the die seat is fixed with an upper die through bolts, a lower die is arranged on the top of the base, and the lower die cooperates with the upper die to complete the forging operation; It also includes two limit columns, both of the two limit columns are fixed between the base and the top plate, the die seat is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two limit columns, and fixed ears are fixed on both sides of the lower die; It further includes a heating groove provided at the top of the base, and the heating groove is located below the lower die. A top block is provided in the heating groove, and the top end of the top block slidably penetrates through the lower die for ejecting the valve seat formed by forging in the lower die from the lower die. Two groups of limiting structures are both provided on the upper die, the limiting posts and the base for limiting the upper die and the lower die. A preheating structure is provided in the base and the lower die for automatically preheating the lower die. An ejecting structure is provided in the base for driving the top block to move upward to eject the valve seat formed by forging from the lower die.

[0007] In a possible design, the limiting structure includes a telescopic groove provided on one side of the upper die. A limiting slider is slidably connected in the telescopic groove. A first tension spring is fixed between the limiting slider and one inner wall of the telescopic groove. A first inclined groove is provided in the limiting slider. A trapezoidal block is slidably connected to the top of the upper die. The bottom end of the trapezoidal block extends into the first inclined groove and is matched with the first inclined groove. The cooperation between the first inclined groove and the trapezoidal block is used to drive the limiting slider to move outward. A limiting groove is provided on one side of the limiting post close to the upper die, and one end of the limiting slider extends into the limiting groove and is slidably matched with the limiting groove for increasing the stability when the upper die moves up and down. When the die seat and the upper die are bolt-fixed, the trapezoidal block is extruded into the first inclined groove, and the cooperation between the first inclined groove and the trapezoidal block drives the limiting slider to extend into the limiting groove. When the hydraulic cylinder drives the upper die to move down for forging in the later stage, the stability of the upper die can be increased, and the misalignment between the upper die and the lower die can be avoided.

[0008] In a possible design, the limiting structure further includes a sliding push plate that seals and slides in the limiting groove. A plurality of springs are fixed between the side of the sliding push plate away from the limiting slider and the inner wall of one side of the limiting groove. A plurality of guide posts fixedly connected to the sliding push plate are slidably connected inside the limiting post, and the plurality of springs are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the corresponding guide posts. A hydraulic groove communicating with the limiting groove is provided at the bottom end of the limiting post. A positioning post is hermetically slidably connected in the hydraulic groove. The bottom end of the positioning post slidably penetrates through the adjacent fixing ear. A positioning groove matching with the positioning post is provided at the top of the base for positioning the fixing ear and the lower die. An annular pressing groove communicating with the hydraulic groove is provided at the bottom end of the limiting post. An annular sleeve is hermetically slidably connected in the annular pressing groove. An annular groove matching with the annular sleeve is provided at the top of the fixing ear, and the cooperation between the annular groove and the annular sleeve is used for both positioning the fixing ear and fixing the fixing ear on the top of the base; when the limiting slider presses the sliding push plate, the hydraulic oil in the limiting groove can be injected into the hydraulic groove and push the positioning post to penetrate through the fixing ear and insert into the positioning groove, completing the positioning of the base and the lower die, enabling the precise positioning of the lower die and the die seat, avoiding misalignment between the lower die and the die seat during subsequent forging, and at the same time, the annular sleeve moves downward under the action of the hydraulic oil and cooperates with the annular groove to press and fix the fixing ear, further positioning and fixing the lower die.

[0009] In a possible design, the preheating structure includes a heating storage cavity provided in the base. A closing door for closing the heating storage cavity is rotatably provided on one side of the heating storage cavity. A plurality of through holes communicating with each other are provided between the heating groove and the heating storage cavity for conducting the heat emitted by the rough blank in the heating storage cavity to the heating groove. A plurality of round grooves are provided at the bottom of the lower die for increasing the contact area between the lower die and the heat. A plurality of heat conducting rods are fixedly penetrated through the base. The top end of the heat conducting rod touches the bottom of the lower die, and the bottom end of the heat conducting rod extends into the heating storage cavity for conducting the heat in the heating storage cavity to the lower die through the heat conducting rod for preheating the lower die; the plurality of rough blanks heated by the heating furnace are placed in the heating storage cavity, and the heat is transmitted to the heating groove through the through holes to preheat the lower die. Since a plurality of round grooves are provided at the bottom of the lower die, the contact area between the lower die and the heat can be increased to accelerate the preheating of the lower die. In addition, the heat conducting rod can also conduct the heat in the heating storage cavity to the lower die for preheating, improving the service life of the lower die and reducing the energy consumption during the forging process.

[0010] In a possible design, the ejection structure includes two pull rods that slide within the base. One end of each of the two pull rods extends into the heating groove. A same guiding rod is fixed to the ends of the two pull rods that are close to each other. A second inclined groove is provided on one side of the ejector block, and the second inclined groove cooperates with the guiding rod to drive the ejector block to move upward. Two sliding plates are slidably connected between the base and the top plate. One end of each of the two pull rods that is away from the guiding rod extends above the base and is fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding plate to drive the movement of the pull rod. Two moving grooves are provided on the top of the base, and one end of each of the two pull rods penetrates through the moving groove to provide a space for the movement of the pull rod. Trapezoidal plates are fixed to the sides of the two sliding plates close to the mold base, and the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plate cooperates with the mold base to drive the sliding plate to move to one side. The hydraulic cylinder drives the mold base, and the cooperation between the mold base and the trapezoidal plate pushes the sliding plate and the pull rod to move outward. The pull rod drives the guiding rod to move, and the cooperation between the guiding rod and the second inclined groove drives the ejector block to move upward and eject the formed valve seat from the lower mold, facilitating the automatic removal of the valve seat in the later stage.

[0011] In a possible design, a rotating ball is provided on the side of the limit slider close to the limit post to reduce the friction between the limit slider and the sliding push plate. The limit slider extends into the limit groove under the action of the trapezoidal block and presses the sliding push plate. When the upper mold moves up and down, the ball can reduce the friction between the limit slider and the sliding push plate.

[0012] In a possible design, four electromagnetic spray guns are fixed to the top of the base, and the four electromagnetic spray guns are located at the four corners of the lower mold to spray graphite water on the rough blank during the forging process. A guide plate is fixed to one side of the base, and the guide plate is located between the two sliding plates to guide and discharge the formed valve seat ejected from the lower mold to one side. The four electromagnetic spray guns cooperate to spray graphite water on the rough blank in all directions, which can reduce the friction between the mold and the rough blank, reduce the wear of the mold, and at the same time contribute to the demolding of the forging after forming.

[0013] In one possible design, a sliding groove is provided on the side of the top of the base away from the material guide plate, a fixed column is fixed in the sliding groove, the outer wall sliding sleeve of the fixed column is provided with an L-shaped push plate for pushing the ejected molding valve seat above the lower mold to one side, the outer wall sleeve of the fixed column is provided with a second tension spring fixedly connected to one side of the L-shaped push plate, one end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the sliding groove, for providing power for the L-shaped push plate to push the molding valve seat, a side of the lower mold close to the L-shaped push plate is provided with a making way groove for making way for the L-shaped push plate, a sleeve is fixed in the base, a sliding rod is sealingly and slidably connected in the sleeve, one end of the sliding rod extends into the sliding groove and is fixedly connected to the L-shaped push plate, A rectangular groove is provided in the lower mold, and a lifting plate is slidably connected in the rectangular groove. An airbag is fixed between the bottom of the lifting plate and the top of the base. The airbag and the sleeve are connected by a pipe. The cooperation between the lifting plate and the airbag is used to provide power for the slide rod to drive the L-shaped push plate to move; the upper mold squeezes the lifting plate into the rectangular groove, and the lifting plate can be restricted in the rectangular groove by the cooperation of the limiting block, the clamping block and the third tension spring, and when the lifting plate moves downward, the air in the airbag is injected into the sleeve and pushes the slide rod and the L-shaped push plate to move outward, and the second tension spring is in a stretched state. When the later forging is completed, the brake on the lifting plate is released, and the L-shaped push plate is reset under the tension of the second tension spring, and the formed valve seat is pushed to one side.

[0014] In a possible design, a card plate is slidably connected in the heating groove, a plurality of third tension springs are fixed on a side of the card plate away from the top block, one end of each of the third tension springs is fixedly connected to an inner wall of one side of the heating groove, the card plate and the top block are fixedly connected by a pull rope, and the top block moves upward by pulling the card plate by the pull rope, a groove is provided on one side of the bottom of the lifting plate, a limiting block is fixed on an inner wall of one side of the groove, a card block is fixed on the top of one side of the card plate, and the card block and the limiting block cooperate to brake the lifting plate; when the lifting plate is squeezed into the rectangular groove, the card block at the first The three tension springs engage with the limiting block to brake the lifting plate, so that the gas in the airbag pushes the L-shaped push plate to move. The second tension spring accumulates force to facilitate the L-shaped push plate to push the formed valve seat out of the lower mold in the later stage. In addition, when the top block moves up to push the formed valve seat out of the lower mold, the top block drives the clamping plate to move through the pull rope to release the brake on the lifting plate, and the height of the ejected formed valve seat is higher than the height of the lifting plate when it is reset. The L-shaped push plate loses the thrust of the sliding rod and pushes the formed valve seat out under the action of the second tension spring, automatically completing the removal of the valve seat, greatly improving the forging efficiency of the valve seat.

[0015] In the present application, a die forging method for a valve seat comprises the following steps: S1. Mold Fixing and Positioning: The upper mold is fixed to the bottom of the mold base by bolts. The trapezoidal block is squeezed into the first inclined groove to drive the limit slider to extend into the limit groove, squeezing the sliding push plate. Hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic groove to push the positioning post through the fixing ear and insert it into the positioning groove. The annular sleeve moves down to cooperate with the annular groove to press the fixing ear. The lower mold is fixed to the top of the base by bolts. S2. Rough Blank Heating and Mold Preheating: The heated rough blank is placed in the heating storage cavity. One of them is forged on the lower mold, and the heat is transmitted to the heating groove through the through hole to preheat the lower mold. The round groove increases the contact area, and the heat conducting rod conducts heat, improving the service life of the lower mold and reducing energy consumption. S3. Valve Seat Forging and Automatic Ejection: The hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold to lift and cooperate with the lower mold for forging. The lifting plate is squeezed into the rectangular groove and restricted by the limiting block, the clamping block and the third tension spring. When moving down, the air in the airbag is injected into the sleeve to push the sliding rod and the L-shaped push plate to move outward, and the second tension spring is stretched. After forging, the L-shaped push plate resets to push the formed valve seat. S4. Valve Seat Ejection and Automatic Removal: The hydraulic cylinder drives the mold base and the upper mold to move up. The mold base cooperates with the trapezoidal plate to push the sliding plate and the pull rod to move outward. The pull rod drives the guiding rod to move, and cooperates with the second inclined groove to drive the top block to move up to eject the formed valve seat. The pull rope pulls the clamping plate to release the clamping of the clamping block and the limiting block on the lifting plate. The L-shaped push plate resets to inject the air in the sleeve into the airbag, pushing the valve seat to the outside and automatically completing the removal.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a limit slider is slidably connected in the telescopic groove. A first inclined groove is provided in the limit slider. A trapezoidal block cooperating with the first inclined groove is slidably connected to the top of the upper mold. A limit groove is provided on one side of the limit post close to the upper mold. The cooperation of the first inclined groove and the trapezoidal block drives the limit slider to extend into the limit groove and squeeze the sliding push plate to one side. When the hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold to move down for forging later, the stability of the upper mold can be increased, and the misalignment between the upper mold and the lower mold can be avoided. In the present invention, a sliding push plate is slidably and sealingly connected in the limit groove. A hydraulic groove communicated with the limit groove is provided at the bottom end of the limit post. A positioning post penetrating the fixing ear is slidably and sealingly connected in the hydraulic groove. A positioning groove cooperating with the positioning post is provided at the top of the base. An annular pressing groove communicated with the hydraulic groove is provided at the bottom end of the limit post. An annular sleeve is slidably and sealingly connected in the annular pressing groove. When the limit slider squeezes the sliding push plate and under the action of hydraulic oil, it moves into the hydraulic groove and pushes the positioning post and the annular sleeve to move down. The cooperation of the annular sleeve and the positioning post can position and fix the fixing ear and the lower mold, avoiding the misalignment between the lower mold and the mold base during later forging. In the present invention, a heating storage cavity is provided in the base, a plurality of interconnected through holes are provided between the heating groove and the heating storage cavity, a plurality of circular grooves are provided at the bottom of the lower die, a plurality of heat conducting rods are fixedly passed through the base, and the bottom ends of the heat conducting rods extend into the heating storage cavity; a plurality of rough blanks heated by the heating furnace are placed in the heating storage cavity, and the heat is transmitted to the heating groove through the through holes to preheat the lower die. Since a plurality of circular grooves are provided at the bottom of the lower die, the contact area between the lower die and the heat can be increased, and the preheating of the lower die can be accelerated. In addition, the heat conducting rods can also conduct the heat in the heating storage cavity to the lower die, thereby increasing the service life of the lower die and reducing the energy consumption during the forging process. In the present invention, the clamping plate and the top block are fixedly connected by a pull rope, a limiting block is fixedly provided on one inner wall of the groove, a clamping block is fixedly provided on one side of the clamping plate, an L-shaped push plate is slidably connected in the sliding groove by a fixed column, a sliding rod is sealingly and slidably connected in the sleeve, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the L-shaped push plate, and the airbag and the sleeve are connected by a pipeline; the upper mold squeezes the lifting plate into the rectangular groove, and the air in the airbag pushes the L-shaped push plate to move, so that the second tension spring accumulates force, and when the top block moves up to push the formed valve seat out of the lower mold, the clamping block releases the brake on the lifting plate, and the L-shaped push plate loses the thrust of the sliding rod and automatically pushes the formed valve seat out under the action of the second tension spring, thereby greatly improving the forging efficiency of the valve seat; In the present invention, the upper die and the lower die can be positioned through the cooperation of the limit column, the limit slider and the positioning column, so as to avoid misalignment between the upper die and the lower die during the forging process and ensure the accuracy of the forging. In addition, the heat emitted by a plurality of rough blanks can be used to automatically preheat the lower die during the forging process. In addition, the ejection and discharge of the formed valve seat can be automatically completed during the lifting and lowering movement of the die seat, thereby greatly improving the forging efficiency of the valve seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a valve seat forging die provided in Example 1 of the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a valve seat forging die provided in Example 1 of the present invention from a second perspective; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a die base and an upper die of a valve seat forging die provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a limit slider of a forging die for a valve seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a base, a lower die and a heat conducting rod of a forging die for a valve seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a limiting column and a fixing ear of a forging die for a valve seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a limiting column, a fixing ear and an annular sleeve of a forging die for a valve seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a lower die of a valve seat forging die provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a base of a forging die for a valve seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sliding plate, a die seat and a top block of a forging die for a valve seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 11 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a base and a lower die of a valve seat forging die provided in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A in the figure is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure.

[0018] In the figure: 1, base; 2, top plate; 3, lower mold; 4, fixing ear; 5, hydraulic cylinder; 6, mold seat; 7, upper mold; 8, telescopic slot; 9, limit slider; 10, first tension spring; 11, ball; 12, first inclined slot; 13, trapezoidal block; 14, limit column; 15, limit slot; 16, sliding push plate; 17, spring; 18, guide column; 19, hydraulic slot; 20, positioning column; 21, positioning slot; 22, annular pressure slot; 23, annular sleeve; 24, annular slot; 25, heating storage chamber; 26, closed door; 27, heating slot; 28 , through hole; 29, heat conducting rod; 30, circular groove; 31, top block; 32, second inclined groove; 33, guide rod; 34, pull rod; 35, movable groove; 36, sliding plate; 37, trapezoidal plate; 38, electromagnetic spray gun; 39, guide plate; 40, sliding groove; 41, fixed column; 42, second tension spring; 43, L-shaped push plate; 44, give way groove; 45, sleeve; 46, slide rod; 47, rectangular groove; 48, airbag; 49, lifting plate; 50, card plate; 51, pull rope; 52, third tension spring; 53, card block; 54, limit block; 55, groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,Figure 3 and Figure 5 A forging die, which relates to the technical field of forging devices. The die includes a base 1. The top of the base 1 is fixed with a top plate 2 through support columns. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly penetrated in the top plate 2. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed with a die holder 6. The bottom end of the die holder 6 is fixed with an upper die 7 through bolts. A lower die 3 is arranged on the top of the base 1, and the lower die 3 and the upper die 7 cooperate to complete the forging operation. In order to guide and limit the upper die 7, two limit columns 14 are further included. The two limit columns 14 are both fixed between the base 1 and the top plate 2. The die holder 6 is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two limit columns 14. Fixed ears 4 are fixed on both sides of the lower die 3.

[0021] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 6 In order to ensure the stability of the upper die 7 and the lower die 3 during the forging process, this embodiment further includes two groups of limiting structures. Each group of limiting structures includes a telescopic groove 8 arranged on one side of the upper die 7. A limiting slider 9 is slidably connected in the telescopic groove 8. A first tension spring 10 is fixed between the limiting slider 9 and one inner wall of the telescopic groove 8. A first inclined groove 12 is arranged in the limiting slider 9. A trapezoidal block 13 is slidably connected to the top of the upper die 7. The bottom end of the trapezoidal block 13 extends into the first inclined groove 12 and cooperates with the first inclined groove 12. When the die holder 6 and the upper die 7 are bolted, the trapezoidal block 13 is squeezed into the first inclined groove 12. Due to the cooperation between the trapezoidal block 13 and the first inclined groove 12, the limiting slider 9 can be driven to move outward. A limiting groove 15 is arranged on the side of the limit column 14 close to the upper die 7, and one end of the limiting slider 9 extends into the limiting groove 15 and is slidably matched with the limiting groove 15, thereby increasing the stability of the upper die 7 when moving up and down.

[0022] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In addition, the limiting structure further includes a sliding push plate 16 that is hermetically slid in the limiting groove 15. A plurality of springs 17 are fixed between the side of the sliding push plate 16 away from the limiting slider 9 and one inner wall of the limiting groove 15. A plurality of guide columns 18 fixedly connected to the sliding push plate 16 are slidably connected in the limit column 14, and the plurality of springs 17 are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the corresponding guide columns 18. A hydraulic groove 19 communicated with the limiting groove 15 is arranged at the bottom end of the limit column 14. A positioning column 20 is hermetically slid in the hydraulic groove 19. The bottom end of the positioning column 20 slidably penetrates through the adjacent fixed ear 4. A positioning groove 21 matched with the positioning column 20 is arranged on the top of the base 1 for positioning the fixed ear 4 and the lower die 3. When the limiting slider 9 squeezes the sliding push plate 16, the sliding push plate 16 compresses the springs 17 and injects hydraulic oil into the hydraulic groove 19. The hydraulic oil pushes the positioning column 20 to penetrate through the fixed ear 4 and insert into the positioning groove 21 to complete the positioning of the base 1 and the lower die 3.

[0023] Reference Figure 7 To ensure the stability of the fixed ear 4, an annular pressure groove 22 communicating with the hydraulic groove 19 is provided at the bottom end of the limit post 14, and an annular sleeve 23 is hermetically and slidably connected in the annular pressure groove 22. An annular groove 24 cooperating with the annular sleeve 23 is provided at the top of the fixed ear 4, and the cooperation between the annular groove 24 and the annular sleeve 23 is used for both positioning the fixed ear 4 and fixing the fixed ear 4 on the top of the base 1. When hydraulic oil is injected into the annular pressure groove 22, the annular sleeve 23 moves downward under the action of the hydraulic oil and cooperates with the annular groove 24 to press and fix the fixed ear 4, further positioning and fixing the lower mold 3.

[0024] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 To preheat the lower mold 3, the present embodiment further includes a preheating structure. The preheating structure includes a heating storage cavity 25 provided inside the base 1, and this heating storage cavity 25 is used to store the rough blanks heated by the heating furnace. A closing door 26 is rotatably installed on one side of the heating storage cavity 25 to close or open the heating storage cavity 25 when needed. Between the heating storage cavity 25 and the heating groove 27, a plurality of communicating through holes 28 are provided, and the function of these through holes 28 is to conduct the heat dissipated by the rough blanks in the heating storage cavity 25 to the heating groove 27 to preheat the lower mold 3. At the bottom of the lower mold 3, a plurality of round grooves 30 are designed, and these round grooves 30 can increase the contact area between the lower mold 3 and the heat, thereby accelerating the preheating process of the lower mold 3. In addition, inside the base 1, a plurality of heat conducting rods 29 are fixedly installed through, the top ends of the heat conducting rods 29 touch the bottom of the lower mold 3, and the bottom ends extend into the heating storage cavity 25. In this way, the heat in the heating storage cavity 25 can be effectively conducted to the lower mold 3 through the heat conducting rods 29 to realize the preheating of the lower mold 3. By this means, the service life of the lower mold 3 can be significantly improved, and the energy consumption during the forging process can be reduced.

[0025] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 To realize the automatic ejection of the valve seat after forging and forming, a heating groove 27 is provided at the top of the base 1, the heating groove 27 is located below the lower mold 3, and a top block 31 is provided in the heating groove 27, and the top end of the top block 31 slidably penetrates through the lower mold 3. To drive the top block 31 to move upward, an ejection structure is provided inside the base 1.

[0026] Reference Figures 8 - 10, the structure of the ejector structure includes two pull rods 34 slidably installed in the base 1, and one end of each of these two pull rods 34 extends into the heating groove 27. At the ends of the pull rods 34 close to each other, a guiding rod 33 is fixedly connected. A second inclined groove 32 is provided on one side of the ejector block 31, and this second inclined groove 32 cooperates with the guiding rod 33. When the guiding rod 33 moves, it can drive the ejector block 31 to move upward. At the same time, between the base 1 and the top plate 2, two sliding plates 36 are slidably connected. The end of the pull rod 34 away from the guiding rod 33 extends above the base 1 and is fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding plate 36. In this way, when the sliding plate 36 moves, it can drive the pull rod 34 to move together. At the top of the base 1, two moving grooves 35 are provided, and one end of the pull rod 34 passes through these two moving grooves 35 to provide necessary space for the movement of the pull rod 34. On the side of the sliding plate 36 close to the mold base 6, a trapezoidal plate 37 is fixed, and the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plate 37 cooperates with the mold base 6. When the mold base 6 descends, it can cooperate with the trapezoidal plate 37 to push the sliding plate 36 and the pull rod 34 to move outward.

[0027] Specifically, when the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the mold base 6 to move upward, the mold base 6 contacts and pushes the trapezoidal plate 37, and then pushes the sliding plate 36 and the pull rod 34 to move outward. The movement of the pull rod 34 drives the guiding rod 33 to move, and the cooperation between the guiding rod 33 and the second inclined groove 32 drives the ejector block 31 to move upward, so as to eject the formed valve seat from the lower mold 3, which is convenient for automatically removing the valve seat in the later stage.

[0028] Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , a rotating ball 11 is provided on the side of the limit slider 9 close to the limit post 14. The function of this rotating ball 11 is to reduce the friction between the limit slider 9 and the sliding push plate 16, so that the limit slider 9 can extend into the limit groove 15 more smoothly under the action of the trapezoidal block 13 and squeeze the sliding push plate 16. When the upper mold 7 moves up and down, the ball 11 can significantly reduce the friction between the limit slider 9 and the sliding push plate 16, making the operation of the entire mold more stable and efficient.

[0029] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , on the top of the base 1, four electromagnetic spray guns 38 are fixedly installed, and these four electromagnetic spray guns 38 are located at the four corners of the lower mold 3. During the forging process, these four electromagnetic spray guns 38 will work simultaneously to spray graphite water on the rough blank in all directions. The spraying of graphite water can significantly reduce the friction between the mold and the rough blank, thereby reducing the wear of the mold, and at the same time, it is also helpful for the demolding of the forging after forming. In addition, on one side of the base 1, a guide plate 39 is fixedly installed, and this guide plate 39 is located between the two sliding plates 36. Its function is to guide and discharge the formed valve seat ejected from the lower mold 3 to one side, which is convenient for subsequent collection and processing.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , a sliding groove 40 is opened on one side of the top of the base 1 away from the material guiding plate 39. Inside this sliding groove 40, a fixing column 41 is fixedly installed. On the outer wall of the fixing column 41, an L-shaped pushing plate 43 is slidably sleeved. The function of this L-shaped pushing plate 43 is to push the formed valve seat ejected above the lower die 3 to one side. To ensure that the L-shaped pushing plate 43 has sufficient power to push the formed valve seat, a second tension spring 42 is also sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing column 41. One end of this second tension spring 42 is fixedly connected to one side of the L-shaped pushing plate 43, and the other end is fixedly connected to one side inner wall of the sliding groove 40. At the same time, to cooperate with the movement of the L-shaped pushing plate 43, a relief groove 44 is opened on one side of the lower die 3 close to the L-shaped pushing plate 43. In addition, a sleeve 45 is fixedly installed inside the base 1. A sliding rod 46 is hermetically slidably connected inside this sleeve 45. One end of the sliding rod 46 extends into the sliding groove 40 and is fixedly connected to the L-shaped pushing plate 43. Inside the lower die 3, a rectangular groove 47 is opened. A lifting plate 49 is slidably connected inside this rectangular groove 47. A gasbag 48 (the size of the attached drawing is only a schematic, and the specific size can be changed according to actual needs) is fixedly installed between the bottom of the lifting plate 49 and the top of the base 1. The gasbag 48 is connected to the sleeve 45 through a pipeline.

[0031] Specifically, during the forging process, when the upper die 7 squeezes the lifting plate 49 into the rectangular groove 47, the lifting plate 49 will compress the gasbag 48, causing the air in the gasbag 48 to be injected into the sleeve 45 and push the sliding rod 46 and the L-shaped pushing plate 43 to move outward. At this time, the second tension spring 42 is in a stretched state. When the forging is completed later, the braking on the lifting plate 49 is released. The L-shaped pushing plate 43 is reset under the pulling force of the second tension spring 42 and pushes the formed valve seat to one side.

[0032] Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , a clamping plate 50 is slidably connected inside the heating groove 27. A plurality of third tension springs 52 are fixedly connected to the side of the clamping plate 50 away from the top block 31. One end of each of these third tension springs 52 is fixedly connected to one side inner wall of the heating groove 27. The clamping plate 50 is fixedly connected to the top block 31 through a pull rope 51, so that when the top block 31 moves upward, it can pull the clamping plate 50 to move through the pull rope 51. On one side of the bottom of the lifting plate 49, a groove 55 is opened. On one side inner wall of this groove 55, a limiting block 54 is fixedly installed. At the same time, on the top of one side of the clamping plate 50, a clamping block 53 is fixedly installed. This clamping block 53 and the limiting block 54 cooperate to brake the lifting plate 49.

[0033] Specifically, when the lifting plate 49 is squeezed into the rectangular groove 47, the clamping block 53 will engage with the limiting block 54 under the action of the third tension spring 52, thereby braking the lifting plate 49. At this time, the gas in the airbag 48 will push the L-shaped push plate 43 to move, and the second tension spring 42 will store energy. When the top block 31 moves upward to push the forming valve seat out of the lower mold 3, it will drive the clamping plate 50 to move through the pull rope 51, thereby releasing the braking of the lifting plate 49. Since the height of the ejected forming valve seat is higher than the height at which the lifting plate 49 resets, the L-shaped push plate 43 will lose the thrust of the sliding rod 46 and push the forming valve seat out under the action of the second tension spring 42. In this way, the automatic removal of the valve seat is realized, greatly improving the forging efficiency of the valve seat.

[0034] A die forging forming method for a valve seat includes the following steps: S1. Fix the upper die 7 at the bottom of the die seat 6 through bolts. As the bolts are tightened, the die seat 6 and the upper die 7 fit tightly. The trapezoidal block 13 is squeezed into the first inclined groove 12. The cooperation between the first inclined groove 12 and the trapezoidal block 13 drives the limit slider 9 to extend into the limit groove 15 and squeeze the sliding push plate 16 to one side. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the upper die 7 to move downward for forging later, the stability of the upper die 7 can be increased to avoid misalignment of the upper die 7. In addition, when the limit slider 9 squeezes the sliding push plate 16, the hydraulic oil in the limit groove 15 can be injected into the hydraulic groove 19 and push the positioning column 20 through the fixed ear 4 and insert it into the positioning groove 21 to complete the positioning of the base 1 and the lower die 3, so that the lower die 3 and the die seat 6 are accurately positioned to avoid misalignment between the lower die 3 and the die seat 6 during later forging. At the same time, the annular sleeve 23 moves downward under the action of the hydraulic oil and cooperates with the annular groove 24 to press and fix the fixed ear 4, further positioning and fixing the lower die 3. After that, the lower die 3 is fixed on the top of the base 1 through bolts; S2. Place multiple rough blanks heated by a heating furnace in the heating storage cavity 25. One of the rough blanks is placed on the lower die 3 for forging. The temperature of the rough blanks in the heating storage cavity 25 is 1160°C - 1220°C. Heat the inside of the heating storage cavity 25, and the heat is transmitted to the heating groove 27 through the through hole 28 to preheat the lower die 3. Since there are multiple round grooves 30 at the bottom of the lower die 3, the contact area between the lower die 3 and the heat can be increased to accelerate the preheating of the lower die 3. In addition, the heat conducting rod 29 can also conduct the heat in the heating storage cavity 25 to the lower die 3, improving the service life of the lower die 3 and reducing the energy consumption during forging; S3. The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the upper die 7 to move up and down, and cooperates with the lower die 3 to complete the forging and forming of the valve seat. When the upper die 7 and the lower die 3 cooperate for forging, the upper die 7 squeezes the lifting plate 49 into the rectangular groove 47. The lifting plate 49 can be restricted in the rectangular groove 47 through the cooperation of the limiting block 54, the clamping block 53 and the third tension spring 52. And when the lifting plate 49 moves downward, the air in the airbag 48 is injected into the sleeve 45, and the slide bar 46 and the L-shaped push plate 43 are pushed to move outward. The second tension spring 42 is in a stretched state. When the forging is completed later, the braking of the lifting plate 49 is released. The L-shaped push plate 43 is reset under the pulling force of the second tension spring 42, and the formed valve seat is pushed to one side; S4. When the forging of the valve seat is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the die holder 6 and the upper die 7 to move upward. The die holder 6 cooperates with the trapezoidal plate 37 to push the sliding plate 36 and the pull rod 34 to move outward. The pull rod 34 drives the guide rod 33 to move. The cooperation between the guide rod 33 and the second inclined groove 32 drives the top block 31 to move upward and eject the formed valve seat from the lower die 3, which is convenient for automatically taking out the valve seat later. In addition, when the top block 31 moves upward, the clamping plate 50 is pulled to one side through the pull rope 51. The movement of the clamping plate 50 releases the clamping of the clamping block 53 and the limiting block 54 on the lifting plate 49. And the height of the ejected formed valve seat is higher than the height of the reset of the lifting plate 49. The second tension spring 42 pulls the L-shaped push plate 43 to reset. The L-shaped push plate 43 injects the air in the sleeve 45 back into the airbag 48. The movement of the L-shaped push plate 43 can push the valve seat ejected by the top block 31 to the outside, and automatically complete the taking out of the valve seat, greatly improving the forging efficiency of the valve seat.

[0035] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the electromagnetic spray gun 38 are common knowledge, and they both belong to conventional means or well-known common sense, so they will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selection according to their needs or convenience.

[0036] The accompanying drawings in this application are only schematic. The sizes and shapes of the components shown therein are not actually limited, but only a schematic representation. In the actual implementation process, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific requirements and actual situations.

[0037] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging die for a valve seat, characterized in that, It includes a base (1), the top of the base (1) is fixed with a top plate (2) through a support column, a hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly penetrated in the top plate (2), the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixed with a mold base (6), the bottom end of the mold base (6) is fixed with an upper mold (7) by bolts, and a lower mold (3) is arranged on the top of the base (1); It further includes two limit columns (14), both of the two limit columns (14) are fixed between the base (1) and the top plate (2), the mold base (6) is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two limit columns (14), and fixing ears (4) are fixed on both sides of the lower mold (3); It further includes a heating groove (27) arranged on the top of the base (1), a top block (31) is arranged in the heating groove (27), and the top end of the top block (31) slidably penetrates through the lower mold (3); Two groups of limiting structures are both arranged on the upper mold (7), the limit columns (14) and the base (1) for limiting the upper mold (7) and the lower mold (3); A preheating structure is arranged in the base (1) and the lower mold (3) for automatically preheating the lower mold (3); An ejecting structure is arranged in the base (1) for driving the top block (31) to move upward to eject the forged valve seat from the lower mold (3).

2. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 1, characterized in that The limiting structure includes a telescopic groove (8) arranged on one side of the upper mold (7), a limiting slider (9) is slidably connected in the telescopic groove (8), a first tension spring (10) is fixed between the limiting slider (9) and one inner wall of the telescopic groove (8), a first inclined groove (12) is arranged in the limiting slider (9), a trapezoidal block (13) is slidably connected to the top of the upper mold (7), the bottom end of the trapezoidal block (13) extends into the first inclined groove (12) and is matched with the first inclined groove (12), and the cooperation between the first inclined groove (12) and the trapezoidal block (13) is used to drive the limiting slider (9) to move outward. A limiting groove (15) is arranged on one side of the limit column (14) close to the upper mold (7), and one end of the limiting slider (9) extends into the limiting groove (15) and is slidably matched with the limiting groove (15) to increase the stability of the upper mold (7) when moving up and down.

3. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting structure further includes a sliding push plate (16) that seals and slides in the limiting groove (15). A plurality of springs (17) are fixed between the side of the sliding push plate (16) away from the limiting slider (9) and the inner wall of one side of the limiting groove (15). A plurality of guide posts (18) fixedly connected to the sliding push plate (16) are slidably connected inside the limiting post (14), and the plurality of springs (17) are respectively sleeved on the outer walls of the corresponding guide posts (18). A hydraulic groove (19) communicating with the limiting groove (15) is provided at the bottom end of the limiting post (14). A positioning post (20) is sealingly and slidably connected in the hydraulic groove (19). The bottom end of the positioning post (20) slidably penetrates through the adjacent fixed ear (4). A positioning groove (21) matching with the positioning post (20) is provided at the top of the base (1) for positioning the fixed ear (4) and the lower mold (3). An annular pressing groove (22) communicating with the hydraulic groove (19) is provided at the bottom end of the limiting post (14). An annular sleeve (23) is sealingly and slidably connected in the annular pressing groove (22). An annular groove (24) matching with the annular sleeve (23) is provided at the top of the fixed ear (4), and the cooperation between the annular groove (24) and the annular sleeve (23) is used for both positioning the fixed ear (4) and fixing the fixed ear (4) on the top of the base (1).

4. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 3, characterized in that The preheating structure includes a heating storage cavity (25) arranged inside the base (1). A closing door (26) for closing the heating storage cavity (25) is rotatably provided on one side of the heating storage cavity (25). A plurality of through holes (28) communicating with each other are provided between the heating groove (27) and the heating storage cavity (25) for conducting the heat dissipated by the rough blank in the heating storage cavity (25) into the heating groove (27). A plurality of round grooves (30) are provided at the bottom of the lower mold (3) for increasing the contact area between the lower mold (3) and the heat. A plurality of heat conducting rods (29) are fixedly penetrated through the base (1). The top end of the heat conducting rod (29) touches the bottom of the lower mold (3), and the bottom end of the heat conducting rod (29) extends into the heating storage cavity (25) for conducting the heat in the heating storage cavity (25) to the lower mold (3) through the heat conducting rod (29) for preheating the lower mold (3).

5. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ejection structure comprises two pull rods (34) sliding in the base (1), one end of the two pull rods (34) extending into the heating groove (27), one end of the two pull rods (34) close to each other is fixed with a same guide rod (33), one side of the ejection block (31) is provided with a second inclined groove (32), and the second inclined groove (32) cooperates with the guide rod (33) to drive the ejection block (31) to move upward, two sliding plates (36) are slidably connected between the base (1) and the ejection plate (2), and the two pull rods (34) are away from the guide rod (3 One end of each of the two pull rods (34) extends to the top of the base (1) and is fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding plate (36) for driving the pull rod (34) to move. Two movable grooves (35) are provided on the top of the base (1). One end of each of the two pull rods (34) passes through the movable groove (35) for providing clearance space for the movement of the pull rod (34). A trapezoidal plate (37) is fixed on one side of the two sliding plates (36) close to the mold base (6), and the inclined surface of the trapezoidal plate (37) cooperates with the mold base (6) for driving the sliding plate (36) to move to one side.

6. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 5, characterized in that, A rotating ball (11) is provided on one side of the limit slider (9) close to the limit column (14) for reducing the friction between the limit slider (9) and the sliding push plate (16).

7. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 6, characterized in that, Four electromagnetic spray guns (38) are fixed on the top of the base (1), and the four electromagnetic spray guns (38) are located at the four corners of the lower mold (3) for spraying graphite on the rough blank during the forging process. A material guide plate (39) is fixed on one side of the base (1), and the material guide plate (39) is located between two sliding plates (36) for guiding the molding valve seat ejected from the lower mold (3) to one side for discharge.

8. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sliding groove (40) is provided on the top of the base (1) at a side away from the guide plate (39), a fixed column (41) is fixed in the sliding groove (40), the outer wall sliding sleeve of the fixed column (41) is provided with an L-shaped push plate (43) for pushing the ejected valve seat above the lower mold (3) to one side, the outer wall sleeve of the fixed column (41) is provided with a second tension spring (42) fixedly connected to one side of the L-shaped push plate (43), one end of the second tension spring (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the sliding groove (40) for providing power for the L-shaped push plate (43) to push the molded valve seat, and the lower mold (3) is provided with a side close to the L-shaped push plate (43) for allowing the L-shaped push plate (43) to push toward one side. A sleeve (45) is fixed in the base (1), a slide rod (46) is sealingly and slidably connected in the sleeve (45), one end of the slide rod (46) extends into the slide groove (40) and is fixedly connected to the L-shaped push plate (43), a rectangular groove (47) is provided in the lower mold (3), a lifting plate (49) is slidably connected in the rectangular groove (47), an air bag (48) is fixed between the bottom of the lifting plate (49) and the top of the base (1), the air bag (48) and the sleeve (45) are connected by a pipeline, and the cooperation between the lifting plate (49) and the air bag (48) is used to provide power for the slide rod (46) to drive the L-shaped push plate (43) to move.

9. The forging die of a valve seat according to claim 8, characterized in that, A card plate (50) is slidably connected in the heating groove (27); a plurality of third tension springs (52) are fixed to a side of the card plate (50) away from the top block (31); one end of each of the plurality of third tension springs (52) is fixedly connected to an inner wall of one side of the heating groove (27); the card plate (50) and the top block (31) are fixedly connected via a pull rope (51); the top block (31) moves upward by pulling the card plate (50) via the pull rope (51); a groove (55) is provided on one side of the bottom of the lifting plate (49); a limiting block (54) is fixed to an inner wall of one side of the groove (55); a card block (53) is fixed to a top of one side of the card plate (50); and the card block (53) cooperates with the limiting block (54) to brake the lifting plate (49).

10. A die forging forming method of a forging die using a valve seat as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: S1. Fixing and positioning the mold: The upper mold (7) is fixed to the bottom of the mold base (6) by bolts, and the trapezoidal block (13) is squeezed into the first inclined groove (12) to drive the limit slider (9) to extend into the limit groove (15) and squeeze the sliding push plate (16); hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic groove (19) to push the positioning column (20) through the fixing ear (4) and insert it into the positioning groove (21), and the annular sleeve (23) moves downward to cooperate with the annular groove (24) to press the fixing ear (4); the lower mold (3) is fixed to the top of the base (1) by bolts; S2, rough blank heating and mold preheating: the heated rough blank is placed in the heating storage chamber (25), one of which is forged on the lower mold (3), and the heat is transferred to the heating groove (27) through the through hole (28) to preheat the lower mold (3); the circular groove (30) increases the contact area, and the heat conducting rod (29) conducts heat, thereby increasing the life of the lower mold (3) and reducing energy consumption; S3. Valve seat forging and automatic ejection: The hydraulic cylinder (5) drives the upper die (7) to move up and down in cooperation with the lower die (3) for forging. The lifting plate (49) is squeezed into the rectangular groove (47) and is restricted by the cooperation of the limiting block (54), the clamping block (53) and the third tension spring (52). When moving down, air is injected into the airbag (48) to push the sliding rod (46) and the L-shaped push plate (43) to move outwards, and the second tension spring (42) is stretched. After forging, the L-shaped push plate (43) resets to push the formed valve seat. S4. Valve seat ejection and automatic removal: The hydraulic cylinder (5) drives the die holder (6) and the upper die (7) to move upwards. The die holder (6) cooperates with the trapezoidal plate (37) to push the sliding plate (36) and the pull rod (34) to move outwards. The pull rod (34) drives the guide rod (33) to move, and cooperates with the second inclined groove (32) to drive the ejector block (31) to move upwards to eject the formed valve seat. The pull rope (51) pulls the clamping plate (50) to release the clamping of the clamping block (53) and the limiting block (54) on the lifting plate (49). The L-shaped push plate (43) resets to inject the air in the sleeve (45) into the airbag (48), pushing the valve seat outwards and automatically completing the removal.

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