Preparation process of diamond saw blade for dry stone carving

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a diamond saw blade for dry stone carving, and belongs to the technical field of diamond tools. A tool bit of the diamond saw blade is prepared from the following raw materials: 16 to 34 parts of iron, 10 to 32 parts of copper, 2 to 11 parts of nickel, 9 to 21 parts of cobalt, 5 to 15 parts of iron-copper alloy, 11 to 23 parts of nickel-chromium-boron alloy, 0.03 to 0.11 part of liquid paraffin and 1.1 to 2.4 parts of diamond. When the saw blade is prepared, firstly, raw materials of the tool bits are subjected to cold press molding and hot pressed sintering, and then the tool bits and the base body are connected together through laser welding. By optimizing the raw material composition of the diamond tool bit, the tool bit sintering process and the tool welding process, the cutting resistance is reduced, the impact resistance of the tool bit is improved, and the safety coefficient is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of diamond tools, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a diamond saw blade for dry stone carving. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the continuous development of the world economy, especially global warming, low-carbon environmental protection has become an inevitable trend. The economic construction and infrastructure construction are inseparable from diamond saw blades. In the processes of stone carving, municipal engineering, tombstone carving, bridge columns, and engineering construction, with the increase in labor costs, high-efficiency and safe tools are bound to be favored by users. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation process of a diamond saw blade for dry stone carving. By optimizing the composition of the diamond cutting head, the cutting head sintering process, and the tool welding process, the cutting resistance is reduced, the impact resistance of the cutting head is improved, and the safety factor is higher.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A preparation process of a diamond saw blade for dry stone carving, the process comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Substrate processing:

[0007] According to the requirements of the drawing, the steel plate is machined by turning to cut the substrate of the required shape; the material of the substrate is 45# steel;

[0008] (2) Sintering and forming of the diamond cutting head:

[0009] After the diamond cutting head raw materials are mixed evenly, they are first cold-pressed and formed, and then hot-pressed and sintered to obtain a cutting head blank. The cutting head blank is polished by a grinding wheel and a sand belt to obtain the diamond cutting head;

[0010] (3) Laser welding:

[0011] The diamond cutting head is placed at the corresponding position on the substrate, and the laser welding machine is started for welding to weld the cutting head and the substrate together; a CO2 laser is used, the laser spot diameter is 0.3 - 0.5 mm, the laser power is 1120 - 1160 W, the welding speed is 1.0 - 1.5 m / min, the defocus amount is -1 mm, and the offset amount is 0.15 mm; the shielding gas is argon, and the shielding gas flow rate is 2 - 3 L / min;

[0012] (4) Sandblasting and painting:

[0013] Sandblast the inner side of the cutting head of the diamond saw blade obtained after welding the cutting head to remove the oxide scale on the substrate surface caused by welding, then grind the working surface of the diamond cutting head with a grinding wheel to expose the diamond, and then grind the tool with a grinder to make the substrate surface bright, and finally spray paint and dry the surface to prevent surface rusting.

[0014] Furthermore, the cutting head contains diamond, the diamond grit size is 35 / 40, 40 / 45 or 45 / 50, and the compressive strength is 25 - 35 kg.

[0015] Furthermore, the raw material composition of the diamond cutting head by weight parts is as follows:

[0016] 16 - 34 parts of iron, 10 - 32 parts of copper, 2 - 11 parts of nickel, 9 - 21 parts of cobalt, 5 - 15 parts of iron - copper alloy, 11 - 23 parts of nickel - chromium - boron alloy, 0.03 - 0.11 parts of liquid paraffin, 1.1 - 2.4 parts of diamond.

[0017] Furthermore, the preferred raw material composition of the diamond cutting head by weight parts is as follows:

[0018] 19 - 32 parts of iron, 11 - 31 parts of copper, 4 - 8 parts of nickel, 12 - 20 parts of cobalt, 7 - 15 parts of iron - copper alloy, 14 - 23 parts of nickel - chromium - boron alloy, 0.04 - 0.10 parts of liquid paraffin, 1.3 - 1.8 parts of diamond.

[0019] Furthermore, the chemical composition of the iron - copper alloy is: Fe 5 - 10 wt.%, and the balance is Cu; the chemical composition of the nickel - chromium - boron alloy is: Ni 50 - 63 wt.%, B 7.0 - 12.0 wt.%, C 1.4 - 2.0 wt.%, Cr 20 - 25 wt.%, Fe 0 - 5 wt.%.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (2), the pressure used for cold pressing and forming is 3 - 10 MPa.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the hot - pressing sintering process is as follows: put the cold - pressed and formed sample into a hot - pressing steel mold, install the mold into a hot - pressing furnace, first pass hydrogen for 5 min, wait until the air in the furnace chamber is exhausted and then start sintering, first heat up to 825 - 850 °C, start pressing the mold to make the pressure rise to 20 - 30 KN, keep the temperature and pressure for 30 - 45 min, then stop heating and relieve the pressure, and take out the obtained cutting - head blank after natural cooling to room temperature; the heating rate is 500 - 650 °C / hour.

[0022] Furthermore, this diamond saw blade includes a circular substrate and a plurality of diamond cutting heads evenly arranged on the outer edge of the substrate; there is a gap between adjacent diamond cutting heads, and an arc - shaped notch is opened towards the inside of the substrate at the gap position; the cross - section of each diamond cutting head along the radial direction of the substrate is trapezoidal.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the outer end face of the trapezoidal cutting head is smaller than that of the inner end face, and there is a V-shaped notch on the outer end face of the cutting head.

[0024] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided at the center of the matrix of the diamond saw blade for mounting the diamond saw blade on a cutting machine; heat dissipation holes are also provided on the matrix. The heat dissipation holes are arrow-shaped, with the arrow pointing outwards, and the width of the arrow is 1.5 - 3 times that of the arrow shaft; the number of heat dissipation holes is 4 - 6, and they are evenly distributed between the diamond cutting head and the mounting hole.

[0025] The design mechanism and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. The diamond cutting head of the present invention adopts a hot pressing and sintering process, with high output, low carbon and energy saving. The organizational structure after hot pressing and sintering is more uniform, which can maintain the original characteristics of the powder, has better self-sharpening of the matrix, better bonding strength between the matrix and the diamond part, and a relatively higher safety factor, ensuring that the cutting head can stably exert its performance during high-speed engraving.

[0027] 2. Generally, W, WC, etc. are added to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting head. However, due to the too large specific gravity of W and WC, it is easy to cause uneven organization of the cutting head, resulting in a decrease in wear resistance. The present invention adds an appropriate amount of nickel-chromium-boron alloy powder to the diamond engraving cutting head to increase wear resistance. At the same time, in combination with other components, the organization of the cutting head can be made more impact-resistant. Engraving often has twists and turns. If the cutting head is too brittle, it is easy to have tissue cracking, which may cause personal injury. Therefore, the appropriate introduction of nickel-chromium-boron alloy powder can improve the safety factor of the diamond engraving cutting head.

[0028] 3. The present invention adds nickel-chromium-boron alloy, FeCu alloy, etc. to the matrix material of the cutting head, reducing the sintering temperature and laser welding power. At the same time, an appropriate amount of cobalt is added to improve the strength, hardness and bonding characteristics. The synergistic effect of multiple elements increases the bonding force between the matrix material and the diamond. In addition, due to the use of 45# steel matrix material, it has good mutual solubility with iron, copper, etc. in the matrix material of the cutting head, and through the optimization of the laser welding process, the weld strength between the cutting head and the matrix is increased, improving the service life of the tool.

[0029] 4. The present invention improves the structure of the diamond cutting head and designs it in an anti-collision style, which is beneficial to improving the connection strength between the cutting head and the matrix. At the same time, when the tool is cutting, there is a large opening angle between the cutting heads, which is beneficial to the tool to discharge sediment outside the cutting gap. During the cutting process, on the one hand, the cutting head can reduce the contact area between the cutting head and the cutting material, reducing the cutting resistance; on the other hand, it reduces the collision with the material during cutting, improving the durability of the matrix, enabling the tool to complete the cutting more smoothly.

[0030] 5. The matrix of the diamond saw blade of the present invention is designed with a new type of arrow-shaped heat dissipation hole facing outwards. The area of the hole on the outer circle side is larger. When engraving stone at high speed, due to the mutual friction between the cutting head and the stone, a large amount of heat is generated. The larger heat dissipation holes can effectively dissipate heat, thus preventing heat from being transferred to the inner circle side of the matrix, and can maintain the rigidity of the matrix unchanged to the greatest extent and stably exert the cutting performance.

[0031] 6. The diamond saw blade of the present invention can be used for engraving most natural stones, especially represented by granite and basalt, especially for garden landscapes, municipal engineering, tombstone engraving, bridge columns, bonsai art stones, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the high-speed dry stone engraving diamond saw blade of this application.

[0033] Wherein: 1 - matrix; 2 - cutting head; 3 - heat dissipation hole; 4 - mounting hole; 5 - arc-shaped notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments are only for illustrative and helping understanding purposes and should not be regarded as specific limitations on the application of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a dry stone engraving diamond saw blade, and its structure is as Figure 1 shown. The diamond saw blade includes a circular matrix 1 and a plurality of diamond cutting heads 2 uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the matrix; there is a gap between adjacent diamond cutting heads 2, and an arc-shaped notch 5 is provided in the gap position and opens towards the inside of the matrix; the cross-section of each diamond cutting head along the radial direction of the matrix is trapezoidal. The width of the outer end face of the trapezoidal cutting head is smaller than the width of the inner end face, and there is a V-shaped notch on the outer end face of the cutting head.

[0036] The center of the matrix of the diamond saw blade is provided with a mounting hole 4 for mounting the diamond saw blade on a cutting machine; the matrix is also provided with heat dissipation holes 3, the heat dissipation holes are arrow-shaped, the arrow points outwards, and the width of the arrow is 1.5 - 3 times the width of the arrow shaft; the number of heat dissipation holes is 4 - 6, and they are evenly distributed between the diamond cutting heads and the mounting hole.

[0037] In the following embodiments, the chemical composition of the iron-copper alloy is: Fe 8wt.%, and the balance is Cu; the chemical composition of the nickel-chromium-boron alloy is: Ni 62wt.%, B 10wt.%, C 1.6wt.%, Cr 25wt.%, Fe 1.4wt.%.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The process of preparing the diamond saw blade in this example is as follows:

[0040] 1. Preparation of diamond bit raw materials and cold pressing forming:

[0041] Take 2.2 kg of iron powder, 1.8 kg of copper, 0.7 kg of nickel, 1.6 kg of cobalt, 1.4 kg of iron - copper alloy powder, and 2.1 kg of nickel - chromium - boron alloy powder, put them into the mixing barrel and mix for 60 minutes. Then add 0.010 kg of liquid paraffin and 0.15 kg of diamond, and continue mixing for 2 hours. After that, pour the powder into the cold - pressing mold. Use a 200 - ton cold - pressing press, send the mold into the cold - press and start pre - pressing. Wait until the pressure reaches 5 MPa, then relieve the pressure, demold and check whether the tool shows teeth. If it is qualified, place it in the qualified area for the next process.

[0042] 2. Hot - pressing sintering: Put the cold - pressed diamond saw blade into the hot - pressing steel mold, load it into the furnace, cover it with the steel furnace liner, and bury the gap at the bottom of the furnace liner with yellow sand to prevent air from entering. First, pass hydrogen for 5 minutes. After the air in the furnace liner is exhausted, ignite the pure hydrogen discharged at the ignition port at the bottom of the sintering base. This ignition port is used to monitor whether the hydrogen supply is sufficient. Then start sintering. First, heat for 1.5 hours. When the temperature rises to 820 °C, start the pressure - applying mold, and raise the pressure to 30 KN. Keep the temperature and pressure for 30 minutes, then stop heating and relieve the pressure. Wait until it cools naturally to room temperature and then take it out of the furnace.

[0043] 3. Laser welding:

[0044] Connect the diamond bit after hot - pressing sintering and the substrate by laser welding to obtain the diamond saw blade. The welding process is as follows: Place the diamond bit at the corresponding position on the substrate, start the laser welding machine for welding to weld the bit and the substrate together; Use a CO2 laser, the laser spot diameter is 0.35 mm, the laser power is 1135 W, the welding speed is 1.2 m / min, the defocus amount is - 1 mm, and the offset amount is 0.15 mm; The shielding gas is argon, and the shielding gas flow rate is 2.5 L / min.

[0045] 4. Sandblasting and painting:

[0046] Sandblast the inner side of the bit of the diamond saw blade obtained after welding the bit to remove the oxide scale on the substrate surface caused by welding. Then use a grinding wheel to polish the working surface of the diamond bit to expose the diamond. Then polish the tool with a grinder to make the substrate surface bright. Finally, carry out surface painting and drying to prevent surface rusting.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] The process of preparing the diamond saw blade in this example is as follows:

[0049] 1. Preparation of diamond bit raw materials and cold pressing forming:

[0050] Take 2.4 kg of iron powder, 1.9 kg of copper, 0.8 kg of nickel, 1.4 kg of cobalt, 1.5 kg of iron-copper alloy powder, and 1.6 kg of nickel-chromium-boron alloy powder. Put them into a mixing barrel and mix for 60 minutes. Then add 0.008 kg of liquid paraffin and 0.15 kg of diamond, and continue mixing for 2 hours. After that, pour the powder into a cold pressing mold. Use a 200-ton cold press to send the mold into the cold press and start pre-pressing. When the pressure reaches 5 MPa, release the pressure, demold, and check whether the tool shows teeth. If it is qualified, it can be placed in the qualified area for the next process.

[0051] 2. Hot pressing and sintering: The same as in Example 1.

[0052] 3. Laser welding: The same as in Example 1.

[0053] 4. Sandblasting and painting: The same as in Example 1.

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] The process of preparing the diamond saw blade in this example is as follows:

[0056] 1. Preparation of diamond segment raw materials and cold pressing forming:

[0057] Take 2.5 kg of iron powder, 2.2 kg of copper, 0.6 kg of nickel, 1.2 kg of cobalt, 1.5 kg of iron-copper alloy powder, and 2.0 kg of nickel-chromium-boron alloy powder. Put them into a mixing barrel and mix for 60 minutes. Then add 0.015 kg of liquid paraffin and 0.16 kg of diamond, and continue mixing for 2 hours. After that, pour the powder into a cold pressing mold. Use a 200-ton cold press to send the mold into the cold press and start pre-pressing. When the pressure reaches 5 MPa, release the pressure, demold, and check whether the tool shows teeth. If it is qualified, it can be placed in the qualified area for the next process.

[0058] 2. Hot pressing and sintering: The same as in Example 1.

[0059] 3. Laser welding: The same as in Example 1.

[0060] 4. Sandblasting and painting: The same as in Example 1.

[0061] The diamond saw blades manufactured in the above Examples 1-3 were tested. The surfaces of the prepared diamond saw blades were flat, without cracks, chipping and other defects; the structure of the welding and melting zone between the segment and the substrate was uniform, without cracks and pores, indicating good bonding between the segment and the substrate.

[0062] Using a universal material testing machine, the flexural strength of the welds of the diamond saw blades manufactured in Examples 1-3 was tested. The values for Examples 1-3 were 1265 MPa, 1285 MPa, and 1372 MPa in sequence. The flexural strength was relatively high, indicating a high bonding force between the diamond matrix and the diamond and good impact resistance, and it can fully meet the operating requirements commercially.

[0063] The diamond saw blades manufactured by Examples 1 - 3 were used for cutting granite, with a sawing speed of 2.5 m·min -1 , a sawing depth of 35 mm, a current of 16.5 A. The wear rate and service life are shown in Table 1. It can be seen that the tool wear rates are all relatively small and the tool service lives are relatively high.

[0064] The test data of the tools cutting granite in the above examples are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Test data of the tools in Examples 1 - 3 for cutting granite

[0066]

[0067] The above specific examples are only further descriptions of the technical solutions of the present invention and cannot be regarded as specific limitations on the application of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand that equivalent substitutions or changes made without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention all fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation process of a diamond saw blade for dry stone carving, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: (1) Substrate processing: According to the requirements of the drawing, the steel plate is machined by turning to cut the substrate with the required shape; the material of the substrate is 45# steel; (2) Sintering and forming of diamond cutting heads: After the diamond cutting head raw materials are mixed evenly, they are first cold-pressed into shape and then hot-pressed and sintered to obtain the cutting head blank. The cutting head blank is polished by a grinding wheel and abrasive belt to obtain the diamond cutting head; (3) Laser welding: Place the diamond cutting head at the corresponding position on the substrate, start the laser welding machine for welding to weld the cutting head and the substrate together; use a CO2 laser, the laser spot diameter is 0.3 - 0.5 mm, the laser power is 1120 - 1160 W, the welding speed is 1.0 - 1.5 m / min, the defocus amount is -1 mm, and the offset amount is 0.15 mm; the shielding gas is argon, and the shielding gas flow rate is 2 - 3 L / min; (4) Sandblasting and painting: Sandblast the inner side of the cutting head of the diamond saw blade obtained after welding the cutting head to remove the scale on the substrate surface caused by welding. Then, polish the working surface of the diamond cutting head with a grinding wheel to expose the diamond. Then, polish the tool with a grinder to make the substrate surface bright. Finally, perform surface painting and drying to prevent surface rust.

2. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting head contains diamond, the diamond particle size is 35 / 40, 40 / 45 or 45 / 50, and the compressive strength is 25 - 35 kg.

3. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material composition of the diamond cutting head by weight parts is as follows: 16 - 34 parts of iron, 10 - 32 parts of copper, 2 - 11 parts of nickel, 9 - 21 parts of cobalt, 5 - 15 parts of iron-copper alloy, 11 - 23 parts of nickel-chromium-boron alloy, 0.03 - 0.11 parts of liquid paraffin, 1.1 - 2.4 parts of diamond.

4. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material composition of the diamond cutting head by weight parts is as follows: 19 - 32 parts of iron, 11 - 31 parts of copper, 4 - 8 parts of nickel, 12 - 20 parts of cobalt, 7 - 15 parts of iron-copper alloy, 14 - 23 parts of nickel-chromium-boron alloy, 0.04 - 0.10 parts of liquid paraffin, 1.3 - 1.8 parts of diamond.

5. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the iron-copper alloy is: Fe 5 - 10 wt.%, and the balance is Cu; the chemical composition of the nickel-chromium-boron alloy is: Ni 50 - 63 wt.%, B 7.0 - 12.0 wt.%, C 1.4 - 2.0 wt.%, Cr 20 - 25 wt.%, Fe 0 - 5 wt.%.

6. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the pressure used for the cold pressing is 3 - 10 MPa.

7. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the hot pressing and sintering process is as follows: Put the cold-pressed sample into a hot pressing steel mold, install the mold in a hot pressing furnace, first pass hydrogen for 5 min, wait until the air in the furnace chamber is exhausted, then start sintering. First, heat up to 825 - 850 °C, start the pressure application mold to make the pressure rise to 20 - 30 KN, keep the temperature and pressure for 30 - 45 min, then stop heating and relieve the pressure. After natural cooling to room temperature, take out the obtained cutting head blank from the furnace; the heating rate is 500 - 650 °C / hour.

8. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diamond saw blade includes a circular matrix and a plurality of diamond cutting heads evenly arranged on the outer edge of the matrix; there is a gap between adjacent diamond cutting heads, and an arc-shaped notch is opened in the matrix at the gap position; the cross-section of each diamond cutting head along the radial direction of the matrix is trapezoidal.

9. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 8, characterized in that: The width of the outer end face of the trapezoidal cutting head is smaller than that of the inner end face, and there is a V-shaped notch on the outer end face of the cutting head.

10. The preparation process of the diamond saw blade for dry stone carving according to claim 8, characterized in that: An installation hole is provided at the center of the matrix of the diamond saw blade for installing the diamond saw blade on a cutting machine; heat dissipation holes are also provided on the matrix, the heat dissipation holes are arrow-shaped, the arrow points outward, and the width of the arrow is 1.5-3 times the width of the arrow shaft; the number of heat dissipation holes is 4-6, and they are evenly distributed between the diamond cutting heads and the installation hole.

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