Automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automation technology and discloses an automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces, comprising a first hopper, a material distribution mechanism, and a workpiece positioning mechanism. The workpiece positioning mechanism includes a pre-positioning mechanism, an axial positioning mechanism, and a circumferential adjustment mechanism. The material distribution mechanism includes a fixed support frame, a material distribution frame, and a first lifting power. The support frame is provided with a first supporting surface, and the upper end of the support frame is provided with a discharge guide portion. The material distribution frame is provided with a second supporting surface, and the first and second supporting surfaces are staggered in the vertical direction. When the first lifting power drives the material distribution frame to move up and down once, the workpiece on each first supporting surface is lifted to the upper first supporting surface, and the workpiece on the uppermost first supporting surface passes through the discharge guide portion and enters the pre-positioning mechanism. The present invention has the beneficial effects of compact structure, stable material distribution, and accurate positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automation equipment, and in particular to an automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, shaft workpieces are a common workpiece, which can be processed by turning, milling and boring. Figure 15 The drill workpiece (drill blank) shown in the figure needs to be machined with a cross groove on the head of the drill, which requires the use of a machine tool for processing. The drill structure after processing is as follows Figure 16 As shown. Typically, this type of drill workpiece is manually loaded and unloaded when machine tools are used for processing. The drill workpiece needs to be manually mounted on the machine tool fixture, and then manually unloaded and reloaded after processing. Due to the short processing time of a single drill workpiece, this requires frequent manual loading and unloading, resulting in high labor costs and low efficiency. To improve processing efficiency, robots are used for loading and unloading. When loading, the robot must first separate and position the individual drill workpiece before it can be clamped and loaded by a manipulator. However, how to stably separate and position a single shaft workpiece is the key and difficulty of automatic loading. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces with compact structure, stable material separation and accurate positioning.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The lifting mechanism is a lifting mechanism that can lift and lower the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is a lifting mechanism that can lift and lower the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is a lifting mechanism that can lift and lower the lifting mechanism.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution: the shaft workpieces are stored in the first hopper, and through the lifting of the first lifting power, the shaft workpieces in the first hopper enter the first supporting surface in turn, are lifted along the first supporting surface in turn, and finally enter the pre-positioning mechanism from the discharge guide part, and then the axial position of the workpiece is adjusted by the axial positioning mechanism, and then the circumferential position of the workpiece is adjusted by the circumferential adjustment mechanism, and finally the workpiece is grasped and positioned by the manipulator and sent to the machine tool tooling, ensuring that the position of the manipulator grasps the workpiece each time is consistent, and the position of the manipulator sending the workpiece to the machine tool tooling is consistent, which is convenient for the machine tool to quickly position the workpiece; this device can realize stable separation, loading and positioning of shaft workpieces.

[0007] Preferably, the support frame includes a plurality of spaced-apart support members, the upper surfaces of the support members being configured as inclined surfaces, and the first supporting surface being disposed on the inclined surfaces of the support members; the material distributor frame includes a plurality of spaced-apart distribution members, the upper surfaces of the distribution members being configured as inclined surfaces, and the second supporting surface being disposed on the inclined surfaces of the distribution members; the lower end of the distribution frame is connected to the first lifting power; when the first lifting power drives the distribution frame to move, the distribution members move up and down within the gaps between the support members. Each movement of the first lifting power can separate a workpiece and convey it to the pre-positioning mechanism, resulting in a simple and stable overall structure.

[0008] Preferably, a vertically distributed first stop surface is provided between adjacent first supporting surfaces, and a vertically distributed second stop surface is provided between adjacent second supporting surfaces; the first stop surface and the second stop surface are staggered in the vertical direction, and the second support surface and the corresponding first stop surface are configured to accommodate only one workpiece; the first support surface and the second support surface are configured as inclined surfaces, and the bottom surface of the first silo is configured as an inclined surface, so that the workpieces in the first silo enter the first support surface at the bottom due to their own gravity, and the workpieces on the first support surface and the second support surface always remain in contact with the first stop surface or the second stop surface due to their own gravity. Taking advantage of the characteristics of inclined surfaces and the easy rolling of shaft-type workpieces, the first support surface and the second support surface are designed in a targeted manner to simplify control to the greatest extent and improve material distribution stability.

[0009] Preferably, the workpiece positioning mechanism includes a pre-positioning mechanism, an axial positioning mechanism, and a circumferential adjustment mechanism; the pre-positioning mechanism includes a lifting seat and a second lifting power provided at the bottom of the lifting seat; one end of the lifting seat is provided with a first support seat, and the other end of the lifting seat is provided with a second support seat; the top surface of the first support seat is provided with a first limiting groove, and the top surface of the second support seat is provided with a second limiting groove; when the workpiece is separated individually by the dividing mechanism and enters the pre-positioning mechanism, the two ends of the workpiece are pre-positioned by the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove respectively. The workpiece separated from the dividing mechanism is first pre-positioned, then axially positioned, and finally the circumferential position is adjusted to a suitable position. The circumferential position of the workpiece grasped by the first gripper assembly is the same each time, eliminating the need for repeated adjustments during subsequent machine tool positioning, further improving processing efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the axial positioning mechanism includes a gripper assembly and a first translational force that drives the gripper assembly to approach or move away from a pre-positioned workpiece; the gripper assembly includes two sets of clamping arms and a clamping force that drives the two sets of clamping arms to approach or move away synchronously; the facing sides of the two sets of clamping arms are provided with V-shaped positioning grooves for centering; after the workpiece is pre-positioned, the second lifting power drives the lifting seat to rise to a preset position, the first translational force drives the gripper assembly to move to the pre-positioned workpiece, the clamping power drives the two sets of clamping arms to clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece is positioned axially.

[0011] Preferably, the circumferential adjustment mechanism includes a pressure plate provided on a first support seat, a second translational force driving the pressure plate to move axially along the workpiece, a first motor provided on the outside of the second support seat, and a third translational force driving the first motor to move axially along the workpiece; a positioning sleeve is provided at the shaft end of the first motor, the axis of the positioning sleeve is coaxially distributed with the axially positioned workpiece, and the end of the positioning sleeve is provided with a positioning hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the end of the workpiece; when the workpiece is axially positioned, the second translational force drives the pressure plate to abut against one end of the workpiece, the third translational force drives the positioning sleeve to abut against the other end of the workpiece, the first motor drives the positioning sleeve to rotate forwardly at least one circle, so that one end of the workpiece enters the positioning hole, at which time the gripper assembly releases the workpiece, the first motor drives the positioning sleeve to rotate in the opposite direction to a preset position and then stops, and the circumference of the workpiece is adjusted to the preset position. This type of circumferential adjustment mechanism has a simple structure, fewer actions, fewer controls, and better stability.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the first hopper is provided with a plurality of guide rods arranged parallel to the workpiece axis, with an adjustment plate disposed between the guide rods. The adjustment plate is slidably connected to the guide rods via a sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a locking member. The adjustment plate can be used to adjust the width of the first hopper to accommodate workpieces of different lengths, thereby providing high versatility.

[0013] Preferably, the second support base is fixed to the lifting base, and the first support base is slidably connected to the lifting base. A first translation mechanism is provided between the lifting base and the first support base for adjusting the distance between the first and second support bases. A second translation mechanism is provided at the bottom of the first translation force for adjusting the position of the gripper assembly when gripping the workpiece. The distance between the first and second support bases is adjustable to accommodate pre-positioning of workpieces of varying lengths.

[0014] Preferably, a second hopper is provided at the upper end of the first hopper, and a slide bar parallel to the workpiece is provided at the lower side of the feed end of the second hopper. A slider is provided on the slide bar, which is locked and limited in position with the slide bar via a fastener. The slider is provided with a sensor for detecting the position of the workpiece ends. When a workpiece separated from the material separation mechanism is adjusted in position by the workpiece positioning mechanism, an external manipulator grasps the workpiece and moves one end of the workpiece to the position preset by the sensor. If the sensor detects that the workpiece ends are correctly positioned, the workpiece is moved to the machine tool. If the sensor detects that the workpiece ends are incorrectly positioned, the workpiece is placed in the second hopper.

[0015] Preferably, a third silo is included for storing processed workpieces. The second and third silos are located on either side of the workpiece positioning mechanism. The processed workpieces are placed into the third silo by a robot (equipped with two sets of grippers), which then grabs the workpiece to be processed. This streamlined overall layout makes releasing and gripping workpieces more convenient and quicker.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) utilizing the gravity and easy-rolling characteristics of shaft-type workpieces, a material separation mechanism is designed to achieve individual separation of shaft-type workpieces, and the material separation mechanism has simple and stable operation and simple control; (2) during the entire material separation process, there is rolling friction between the workpiece and the material separation mechanism, and there is no sliding friction, so the surface of the workpiece is not easy to wear and is not easy to be scratched; (3) the separated individual workpieces are positioned in turn by the pre-positioning mechanism, the axial positioning mechanism, and the circumferential adjustment mechanism, and the positioning is stable and accurate, which brings great convenience to the subsequent robot arm to pick up the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the material distribution mechanism.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Exploded diagram.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the abutment state between the workpiece, the first supporting surface, and the first blocking surface.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the workpiece contacts the second supporting surface and the first blocking surface after the material distribution rack rises.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the workpiece in contact with the second supporting surface and the second material blocking surface when the material distribution rack rises to the highest position.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece abutting against the first supporting surface and the second blocking surface during the descending process of the material distribution rack.

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the workpiece entering the pre-positioning mechanism.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece being clamped and positioned by the axial positioning mechanism after the lifting seat rises.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state where the two ends of the workpiece are respectively abutted by the pressing plate and the positioning sleeve.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the gripper assembly releases the workpiece after the end of the workpiece enters the positioning hole.

[0030] Figure 14 After the workpiece is adjusted circumferentially, the gripper assembly clamps the workpiece again and the positioning sleeve is separated from the workpiece.

[0031] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece (drill bit) to be processed.

[0032] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece (drill bit) after processing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial technical effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and multiple exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be understood that, in this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor as implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referenced. A feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly indicate that at least one of the features is included.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 5 The device for automatically separating and positioning shaft workpieces shown in the figure comprises a first hopper 10 for storing workpieces, a dividing mechanism 11 provided in the hopper, and a workpiece positioning mechanism 12 provided at the discharge end of the dividing mechanism 11. The workpiece positioning mechanism 12 comprises a pre-positioning mechanism 120, an axial positioning mechanism 121, and a circumferential adjustment mechanism 122. The dividing mechanism 11 comprises a fixed support frame 110, a dividing frame 111 movably provided in the support frame, and a first lifting power 112 for driving the dividing frame 111 to reciprocate and rise and fall. The support frame 110 is provided with a plurality of first supporting surfaces 1101 distributed upward in a stepped manner in sequence. The upper end of the support frame 110 is provided with a discharge guide portion 1103. The first supporting surface 1101 at the lower end of the support frame 110 is in contact with the bottom surface of the first hopper 10.

[0036] The material distribution rack 111 is provided with a number of second supporting surfaces 1111 distributed upward in a stepped manner, and the first supporting surface 1101 and the second supporting surface 1111 are staggered in the vertical direction; when the first lifting power 112 drives the material distribution rack to move up and down once, the workpiece on each first supporting surface 1101 is lifted to the previous first supporting surface 1101, and the workpiece on the uppermost first supporting surface 1101 passes through the discharge guide part 1103 and enters the pre-positioning mechanism 120.

[0037] The supporting frame 110 includes a number of supporting members 1100 distributed at intervals, the upper surface of the supporting member 1100 is configured as an inclined surface, and the first supporting surface 1101 is set on the inclined surface of the supporting member 1100; the material dividing frame 1111 includes a number of material dividing members 1110 distributed at intervals, the upper surface of the material dividing member 1110 is configured as an inclined surface, and the second supporting surface 1111 is set on the inclined surface of the material dividing member, and the lower end of the material dividing frame 111 is connected to the first lifting power 112; when the first lifting power 112 drives the material dividing frame 111 to move, the material dividing member 1110 moves up and down in the gap between the supporting members 1100.

[0038] A vertically distributed first stop surface 1102 is provided between adjacent first supporting surfaces 1101, and a vertically distributed second stop surface 1112 is provided between adjacent second supporting surfaces 1111; the first stop surface 1102 and the second stop surface 1112 are staggered in the vertical direction, and the second supporting surface 1111 and the corresponding first stop surface 1102 are configured to accommodate only one workpiece; the first supporting surface 1101 and the second supporting surface 1111 are configured as inclined surfaces, and the bottom surface of the first silo 10 is configured as an inclined surface, so that the workpiece in the first silo 10 enters the first supporting surface 1101 at the lower end due to its own gravity, and the workpiece on the first supporting surface 1101 and the second supporting surface 1111 always remains in contact with the first stop surface 1102 or the second stop surface 1112 due to its own gravity.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the distance between the second stop surface and the corresponding first stop surface can only accommodate one workpiece. This distance can be configured to be greater than the radius of the workpiece and less than 1.5 times the radius of the workpiece, so that the second support surface between the first stop surface and the second stop surface can only accommodate one workpiece, thereby realizing separate separation of the workpieces. Figure 6-Figure 9 The figure shows the process of lifting the workpiece from the next first support surface to the previous support surface. Figure 6 After the three workpieces A, B and C move up and down once with the material distribution rack, they are lifted to Figure 9 In the state shown, workpieces B and C are both lifted to the upper first support surface, and workpiece A on the uppermost first support surface is lifted to the discharge guide (inclined surface) and rolls along the discharge guide to the pre-positioning mechanism.

[0040] like Figure 10-14 As shown, the workpiece positioning mechanism 12 includes a pre-positioning mechanism 120, an axial positioning mechanism 121, and a circumferential adjustment mechanism 122; the pre-positioning mechanism 120 includes a lifting seat 1200, a second lifting power 1201 provided at the bottom of the lifting seat 1200, one end of the lifting seat 1200 is provided with a first support seat 1202, and the other end of the lifting seat 1200 is provided with a second support seat 1203, the top surface of the first support seat 1202 is provided with a first limiting groove 1204, and the top surface of the second support seat 1203 is provided with a second limiting groove 1205; when the workpiece 9 is separated individually by the dividing mechanism 11 and enters the pre-positioning mechanism 120, the two ends of the workpiece 9 are pre-positioned by the first limiting groove 1204 and the second limiting groove 1205 respectively (as shown in FIG. Figure 10 shown).

[0041] The axial positioning mechanism 121 includes a gripper assembly 1210, a first translational force 1211 that drives the gripper assembly 1210 to approach or move away from a pre-positioned workpiece, the gripper assembly 1210 includes two sets of clamping arms 1212, and a clamping force 1213 that drives the two sets of clamping arms 1212 to approach or move away synchronously, and the facing sides of the two sets of clamping arms 1212 are provided with a V-shaped positioning groove 1214 for centering; after the workpiece is pre-positioned, the second lifting force 1201 drives the lifting seat 1200 to rise to a preset position, the first translational force 1211 drives the gripper assembly 1210 to move to the pre-positioned workpiece, and the clamping force 1213 drives the two sets of clamping arms 1212 to clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece is positioned axially (such as Figure 11 shown).

[0042] The circumferential adjustment mechanism 122 includes a pressure plate 1220 arranged on the first support seat 1202, a second translational force 1221 that drives the pressure plate 1220 to move axially along the workpiece, a first motor 1222 arranged on the outside of the second support seat 1203, and a third translational force 1223 that drives the first motor 1222 to move axially along the workpiece; a positioning sleeve 1224 is provided at the shaft end of the first motor 1222, the axis of the positioning sleeve 1224 is coaxially distributed with the axially positioned workpiece, and the end of the positioning sleeve 1224 is provided with a positioning hole 1225 that is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the end of the workpiece; when the workpiece is axially positioned, the second translational force 1221 drives the pressure plate 1220 to abut against one end of the workpiece, and the third translational force 1223 drives the positioning sleeve 1224 to abut against the other end of the workpiece, and the two ends of the workpiece are abutted by the pressure plate and the positioning sleeve as shown in FIG. Figure 12 After that, the first motor 1222 drives the positioning sleeve 1224 to rotate forward for at least one circle, so that one end of the workpiece enters the positioning hole 1225, as shown. Figure 13 As shown;

[0043] When the workpiece enters the positioning hole 1225, the gripper assembly 1210 releases the workpiece, and the first motor 1222 drives the positioning sleeve 1224 to rotate in the opposite direction to the preset position and then stops. The circumference of the workpiece is adjusted to the preset position, and then the gripper assembly clamps the workpiece again, and the pressure plate and the positioning sleeve are reset to the position as shown in FIG. Figure 14 In the initial state shown, the axial and circumferential positions of the workpiece are adjusted, waiting for the truss robot to pick up the material, and the position and angle of the first gripper assembly on the truss robot are consistent each time it grabs the workpiece, thus eliminating the subsequent tool setting operation after it is sent to the machine tool.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the first lifting power 112, the second lifting power 1201, the first translational power 1211, the second translational power 1221, and the third translational power 1223 all adopt cylinders, and the clamping power 1213 adopts a double-headed cylinder.

[0045] In some embodiments, in order to adapt to the use of workpieces of different lengths and to improve versatility, the following scheme is adopted: the upper end of the first hopper 10 is provided with a plurality of guide rods 100 distributed parallel to the axis of the workpiece, and an adjustment plate 101 is provided between the guide rods 100. The adjustment plate 101 is slidably connected to the guide rod 100 through a sleeve 1010, and a locking member is provided on the sleeve; the second support seat 1203 is fixed on the lifting seat 1200, the first support seat 1202 is slidably connected to the lifting seat 1200, and a first translation mechanism 1206 for adjusting the distance between the first support seat 1202 and the second support seat 1203 is provided between the lifting seat 1200 and the first support seat 1202; the bottom of the first translation force 1211 is provided with a second translation mechanism 1215 for adjusting the position of the gripper assembly 1210 to grip the workpiece. Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the first translation mechanism 1206 adopts a gear and rack translation mechanism, that is, a rack is installed on the lifting seat, a motor is installed in the first support seat, and a gear meshing with the rack is set on the output shaft, so as to realize the movement of the first support seat, so that the first support seat is close to or away from the second support seat; the second translation mechanism 1215 adopts a screw rod and wire seat structure, that is, a wire seat is installed at the bottom of the first translation force, the wire seat is connected to the screw rod, and a hand wheel is set at one end of the screw rod, and the position of the first translation force is adjusted by rotating the hand wheel.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper end of the first hopper 10 is provided with a second hopper 102, and the lower side of the feeding end of the second hopper 102 is provided with a slide bar 103 parallel to the workpiece, and a slider 104 is provided on the slide bar 103. The slider 104 is locked and limited with the slide bar 103 by a fastener, and a sensor 105 for detecting the position status of the two ends of the workpiece is provided on the slider 104. The sensor in this embodiment adopts a reflective sensor. Figure 15 The drill workpiece shown has a difference in outer diameter at both ends, so sensors can be used to detect whether the positions of the two ends are incorrect. After a workpiece separated from the material dividing mechanism is adjusted by the workpiece positioning mechanism, an external manipulator grabs the workpiece and moves one end of the workpiece to the preset position of the sensor. The reflected light of the sensor is directed to the edge of the workpiece. If it is the thick end, the reflected signal can be detected, and if it is the thin end, the reflected signal cannot be detected. The signal from the sensor is used to determine whether the positions of the two ends of the drill are incorrect. In this structure, the structure of the circumferential adjustment mechanism 122 is very simple, and no sensors or visual systems are set. When the thin end of the drill enters the positioning hole, it can still operate normally. Therefore, sensors are set to further detect whether there are any errors at both ends of the workpiece, simplifying the structure while ensuring stability.

[0047] The robot also includes a third hopper 106 for storing processed workpieces. The second hopper 102 and the third hopper 106 are located on either side of the workpiece positioning mechanism 12. The processed workpieces are mechanically placed in the third hopper 106, after which the robot grasps the workpieces to be processed. To reduce the number of robot movements, the robot is equipped with two sets of grippers: one set for grasping the workpieces to be processed and the other set for grasping the processed workpieces.

[0048] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the method of using the present invention is as follows: Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the workpiece 8 is stored in the first bin, and the material distribution rack in the material distribution mechanism is arranged according to Figure 6-Figure 9 Each time the workpiece on the first support surface is lifted to a step, that is, lifted to the previous first support surface, the workpiece on the uppermost first support surface enters the discharge guide portion along the discharge guide portion. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The pre-positioning mechanism 120 shown is pre-positioned, and the lifting seat rises to Figure 11 In the state shown, the gripper assembly grasps the workpiece to realize the axial positioning of the workpiece; then the pressure plate and the positioning sleeve approach each other and abut against the two ends of the workpiece (as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown in FIG), the first motor drives the positioning sleeve to rotate forward for one circle. During this process, one end of the rectangular drill bit will inevitably enter the positioning hole of the rectangular structure (as shown in FIG). Figure 13 As shown), the gripper assembly releases the workpiece, the first motor drives the positioning sleeve to rotate in the opposite direction to the preset position (the first motor can be a servo motor, which can accurately control the rotation angle and position of the positioning sleeve through the servo motor), the gripper assembly clamps the workpiece again, and the pressure plate and positioning sleeve are reset to Figure 14 The initial position shown shows the workpiece fully positioned. An external robot then grabs the fully positioned workpiece and transfers it to the machine tool. For clamping and positioning shaft-like workpieces, the machine tool typically uses a three-brush chuck.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by up, down, left, right, inner end, outer end, one end, the other end, etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of more clearly describing the technical solution of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0050] Although specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail herein, they are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. Various substitutions, changes, and modifications may be conceived without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces, characterized in that: It comprises a first material bin (10) for storing workpieces, a material distribution mechanism (11) provided in the first material bin, and a workpiece positioning mechanism (12) provided at a material discharging end of the material distribution mechanism (11); The material distribution mechanism (11) comprises a fixed support frame (110), a material distribution frame (111) movably arranged in the support frame (110), and a first lifting power (112) for driving the material distribution frame (111) to move up and down; the support frame (110) is provided with a plurality of first support surfaces (1101) distributed upward in a stepped manner, the upper end of the support frame (110) is provided with a discharge guide portion (1103), and the first support surface (1101) at the lower end of the support frame (110) is connected to the bottom surface of the first material bin (10); The material distribution rack (111) is provided with a plurality of second support surfaces (1111) distributed upward in a stepped manner, and the first support surfaces (1101) and the second support surfaces (1111) are staggered in the vertical direction; when the first lifting power (112) drives the material distribution rack to move up and down once, the workpiece on each first support surface (1101) is lifted to the previous first support surface (1101), and the workpiece on the uppermost first support surface (1101) passes through the discharge guide portion (1103) and enters the pre-positioning mechanism (120); The workpiece positioning mechanism (12) comprises a pre-positioning mechanism (120), an axial positioning mechanism (121), and a circumferential adjustment mechanism (122); when the workpiece (9) is separated individually by the material separation mechanism (11) and enters the pre-positioning mechanism (120), both ends of the workpiece (9) are pre-positioned by the first limiting groove (1204) and the second limiting groove (1205), respectively; The axial positioning mechanism (121) comprises a gripper assembly (1210), a first translational force (1211) for driving the gripper assembly (1210) to move closer to or away from a pre-positioned workpiece; after the workpiece is pre-positioned, the first limiting groove (1204) and the second limiting groove (1205) are driven to rise to a preset position by a second lifting force (1201); the first translational force (1211) drives the gripper assembly (1210) to move to the pre-positioned workpiece; the clamping force (1213) drives the two sets of clamping arms (1212) to clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece is positioned axially; The circumferential adjustment mechanism (122) comprises a pressing plate (1220) provided on the first support seat (1202), a second translational force (1221) driving the pressing plate (1220) to move axially along the workpiece, a first motor (1222) provided outside the second support seat (1203), and a third translational force (1223) driving the first motor (1222) to move axially along the workpiece; A positioning sleeve (1224) is provided at the shaft end of the first motor (1222), the axis of the positioning sleeve (1224) being coaxially distributed with the axially positioned workpiece, and a positioning hole (1225) adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the end of the workpiece is provided at the end of the positioning sleeve (1224); After the workpiece is axially positioned, the second translational force (1221) drives the pressure plate (1220) to abut against one end of the workpiece, and the third translational force (1223) drives the positioning sleeve (1224) to abut against the other end of the workpiece. The first motor (1222) drives the positioning sleeve (1224) to rotate in the forward direction for at least one circle, so that one end of the workpiece enters the positioning hole (1225). At this time, the gripper assembly (1210) releases the workpiece, and the first motor (1222) drives the positioning sleeve (1224) to rotate in the reverse direction to a preset position and then stops. The circumference of the workpiece is adjusted to the preset position.

2. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (110) includes a plurality of support members (1100) distributed at intervals, the upper surface of the support member (1100) is configured as an inclined surface, and the first support surface (1101) is arranged on the inclined surface of the support member (1100); the material distribution frame (111) includes a plurality of material distribution members (1110) distributed at intervals, the upper surface of the material distribution member (1110) is configured as an inclined surface, the second support surface (1111) is arranged on the inclined surface of the material distribution member, and the lower end of the material distribution frame (111) is connected to the first lifting power (112); When the first lifting power (112) drives the material distribution frame (111) to move, the material distribution member (1110) moves up and down within the gap of the supporting member (1100).

3. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertically distributed first material stop surface (1102) is provided between adjacent first supporting surfaces (1101), and a vertically distributed second material stop surface (1112) is provided between adjacent second supporting surfaces (1111); the first material stop surface (1102) and the second material stop surface (1112) are staggered in the vertical direction, and the second supporting surface (1111) and the corresponding first material stop surface (1102) are configured to accommodate only one workpiece; The first supporting surface (1101) and the second supporting surface (1111) are configured as inclined surfaces, and the bottom surface of the first silo (10) is configured as an inclined surface, so that the workpieces in the first silo (10) enter the first supporting surface (1101) at the bottom due to their own weight, and the workpieces on the first supporting surface (1101) and the second supporting surface (1111) always maintain contact with the first blocking surface (1102) or the second blocking surface (1112) due to their own weight.

4. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-positioning mechanism (120) comprises a lifting seat (1200), a second lifting power (1201) provided at the bottom of the lifting seat (1200), a first support seat (1202) provided at one end of the lifting seat (1200), a second support seat (1203) provided at the other end of the lifting seat (1200), a first limiting groove (1204) provided on the top surface of the first supporting seat (1202), and a second limiting groove (1205) provided on the top surface of the second supporting seat (1203).

5. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gripper assembly (1210) comprises two groups of clamping arms (1212) and a clamping force (1213) for driving the two groups of clamping arms (1212) to move synchronously closer or farther away. The facing sides of the two groups of clamping arms (1212) are provided with V-shaped positioning grooves (1214) for centering.

6. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of guide rods (100) are provided at the upper end of the first hopper (10) and are distributed parallel to the workpiece axis. Adjustment plates (101) are provided between the guide rods (100). The adjustment plates (101) are slidably connected to the guide rods (100) via sliding sleeves (1010). A locking member is provided on the sliding sleeves.

7. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second support seat (1203) is fixed on the lifting seat (1200), the first support seat (1202) is slidably connected to the lifting seat (1200), and a first translation mechanism (1206) for adjusting the distance between the first support seat (1202) and the second support seat (1203) is provided between the lifting seat (1200) and the first support seat (1202); A second translation mechanism (1215) for adjusting the position of the gripper assembly (1210) gripping a workpiece is provided at the bottom of the first translation force (1211).

8. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second material bin (102) is provided at the upper end of the first material bin (10), a slide bar (103) parallel to the workpiece is provided at the lower side of the feed end of the second material bin (102), a slider (104) is provided on the slide bar (103), the slider (104) is locked and limited with the slide bar (103) by a fastener, and a sensor (105) for detecting the position status of the two ends of the workpiece is provided on the slider (104).

9. The automatic separation and positioning device for shaft workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a third material bin (106) for storing processed workpieces, and the second material bin (102) and the third material bin (106) are distributed on both sides of the workpiece positioning mechanism (12).

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