Multifunctional microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of microbial fertilizers, in particular to a multifunctional microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the microbial fertilizer comprises a microbial organic fermentation substrate, a composite soil conditioner, a microelement chelate and a microbial fertilizer stabilizer. The preparation method of the bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing and mixing corn straw and rice straw, mixing with cow dung, pyroligneous liquor, ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and the like, sterilizing at high temperature, inoculating specific microorganisms, and fermenting to obtain a microbial organic fermentation substrate; the trace element chelate is prepared through reaction of glutamic acid, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and the like; compounding the polyglutamic acid solution with magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate and manganese sulfate, and adding calcium humate and diatomite to prepare a compound soil conditioner; and finally, uniformly mixing the components, grinding, sieving and granulating to obtain the multifunctional microbial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer can comprehensively improve the soil structure, improve the nutrient utilization rate and promote healthy growth of plants, and has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microbial fertilizers, and particularly to a multifunctional microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the improvement of soil fertility and the optimization of plant nutrition are key factors in increasing crop yield and quality. Although the long-term use of traditional chemical fertilizers can quickly supplement the main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil, it often neglects the balance of the soil microbial environment and the improvement of soil structure, resulting in increasingly prominent problems such as soil compaction and acidification. In addition, the effect of traditional chemical fertilizers in supplementing trace elements is limited, while these trace elements play an important role in the growth, development, and stress resistance of plants. Therefore, developing a new type of fertilizer that can comprehensively improve soil structure, increase nutrient utilization efficiency, and promote the healthy growth of plants has become an important direction in current agricultural scientific research.

[0003] In recent years, microbial fertilizers, as a green and environmentally friendly new type of fertilizer, have received extensive attention. By adding specific microbial strains, microbial fertilizers can form beneficial microbial communities in the soil, promote the decomposition of organic matter and the release of nutrients, thereby improving soil fertility and the absorption efficiency of plants for nutrients. However, single microbial fertilizers often have problems such as unstable effects and limited action ranges in actual applications. Therefore, researchers have begun to explore combining microbial fertilizers with other auxiliary components to develop multifunctional compound fertilizers to achieve more comprehensive soil improvement and plant nutrition optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of unstable effects and limited action ranges of single microbial fertilizers in the prior art, as well as the difficulty of traditional soil improvement methods in simultaneously considering soil fertility improvement and plant nutrition balance.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a multifunctional microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] A preparation method of a multifunctional microbial fertilizer includes the following preparation steps: S1: Crush corn straws and rice straws, sieve them through a 100-mesh sieve and mix them to obtain straw powder. Mix the straw powder, cow dung, wood vinegar, ammonium nitrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate evenly. After high-temperature sterilization and cooling, an organic matter culture medium is obtained. Adjust the water content to 45%-55%, adjust the pH value to 6-7, inoculate Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and carry out compost fermentation for 4-5 days. After the fermentation is completed, level it out and cool it to obtain a primary fermentation product. Adjust the water content of the primary fermentation product to 55%-60%, adjust the pH value to 6.5-7, inoculate Bacillus mucilaginosus and Bacillus subtilis, control the temperature at 30℃-35℃, ferment for 3-4 days, and cool to obtain a microbial organic fermentation substrate.

[0007] S2: Add glutamic acid to deionized water, add ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate in proportion, add ascorbic acid, adjust the pH to 6-7, control the temperature at 60-70℃, react for 60-90 min. After the reaction is completed, cool it, centrifuge to take the supernatant, add 3 times the volume of absolute ethanol, centrifuge again to take the precipitate, and obtain a trace element chelate after freeze-drying.

[0008] S3: Prepare a 2% polyglutamic acid solution, add magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, and manganese sulfate monohydrate to the 2% polyglutamic acid solution, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution. Sieve calcium humate and diatomite respectively and add them to the mixed solution, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose, mechanically stir for 30-40 min, set the stirring speed at 400-600 rpm, and obtain a composite soil conditioner after filtration and drying.

[0009] S4: Mix the organic fermentation substrate, composite soil conditioner, trace element chelate, and bacterial fertilizer stabilizer evenly and grind them. Sieve the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve, and granulate the sieved mixture to obtain a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer.

[0010] Preferably, the bacterial fertilizer stabilizer is composed of glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium lignosulfonate, and the mass ratio of glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium lignosulfonate is 1:0.8-1:0.8-1.

[0011] Preferably, the effective viable count of Phanerochaete chrysosporium is 2.0×10 9 cfu / g - 2.5×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Trichoderma longibrachiatum is 1.8×10 9 cfu / g - 2.2×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus is 2.5×10 9 cfu / g - 3.0×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 2.8×10 9 cfu / g - 3.2×10 9cfu / g.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus subtilis straw powder, cow dung, wood vinegar, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2:40 - 50:12 - 15:12 - 15:6 - 8:4 - 6.

[0013] The Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a fungus with strong decomposition ability, which can decompose complex organic substances such as lignin and cellulose. In the present invention, it can effectively decompose cellulose and hemicellulose in straw powder, convert them into simple organic acids and sugars, and provide available carbon sources for subsequent microbial fermentation. Trichoderma longibrachiatum can efficiently decompose cellulose and hemicellulose, and cooperate with Phanerochaete chrysosporium to improve the decomposition efficiency of organic matter.

[0014] The Bacillus mucilaginosus can decompose poorly soluble potassium minerals in soil such as mica and feldspar, release elements such as phosphorus, potassium and silicon that are difficult for plants to utilize, and convert them into soluble forms, thereby increasing the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil. Bacillus mucilaginosus can produce extracellular polysaccharides, and the extracellular polysaccharides have a flocculation effect, which can improve the soil structure, enhance the water retention and air permeability of the soil. In addition, the extracellular polysaccharides have rich functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and these functional groups can form complexes with trace elements, increase the dissolution and utilization degree of trace elements, and promote the absorption of trace elements by plants.

[0015] Both the Bacillus mucilaginosus and Bacillus subtilis can secrete plant growth hormones such as gibberellin and indoleacetic acid, promote the development of plant roots, enhance photosynthesis, and thus increase crop yields.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of glutamic acid, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and deionized water is 18:2 - 3:2 - 3:1 - 1.5:50.

[0017] The glutamic acid acts as a chelating agent to chelate with trace elements iron and zinc to form amino acid trace element chelates, which are beneficial to be directly absorbed by plants.

[0018] The ascorbic acid acts as an antioxidant to prevent the oxidation and inactivation of metal ions during the chelation process and ensure the stability of the chelate.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of 2% polyglutamic acid solution, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, calcium humate, diatomite is 30:0.3 - 0.4:0.3 - 0.4:0.2 - 0.3:1.0 - 1.2:1.0 - 1.2.

[0020] The polyglutamic acid, as a macromolecular chelating agent, forms a slow-release complex with magnesium, copper, and manganese, prolonging the availability of trace elements.

[0021] The calcium humate has good adsorption and bonding properties, which can promote the formation of soil aggregates, improve soil aeration and water permeability, reduce soil compaction. The calcium humate can slowly release calcium ions to meet the calcium requirements of plants. In addition, the calcium humate enriches the trace elements not complexed with polyglutamic acid, avoiding the loss of raw materials during the preparation process.

[0022] The diatomite has a porous structure, which can increase the soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water permeability, and reduce soil compactness. In addition, the diatomite has good adsorption performance and can adsorb harmful substances in the soil.

[0023] During the microbial fermentation process, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trichoderma longibrachiatum can effectively decompose organic substances such as straw powder and cow dung. These microorganisms gradually ferment and decompose complex organic substances through the extracellular enzymes they secrete, such as cellulase, ligninase, etc., and finally produce humic acid. At the same time, during the fermentation process, Bacillus mucilaginosus can produce extracellular polysaccharides, and the extracellular polysaccharides can act synergistically with humic acid to further enrich trace elements in the soil. This synergistic effect improves the bioavailability of trace elements by increasing the contact area and reaction activity between humic acid and trace elements, thereby promoting the absorption and utilization of these trace elements by plants.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. In this application, the humic acid and organic matter are activated by microbial fermentation in a specific combination, enhancing their fixation effect on nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while realizing the slow release of nutrients, effectively reducing soil nutrient loss, and improving fertilizer utilization rate.

[0025] 2. This application adopts a glutamic acid chelated iron, zinc and polyglutamic acid complex slow-release system to form a trace element form that is easily directly absorbed by plants, and prolongs the availability of trace elements through multi-path synergistic effects, improving the nutritional quality of crops.

[0026] 3. The composite soil conditioner in this application combines components such as diatomite and calcium humate to optimize the soil aggregate structure and improve air permeability and water retention. Specific embodiments

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the present invention in combination with specific embodiments.

[0028] In the examples, Phanerochaete chrsosporium is from the China Center of Industrial Culture Collection, with the preservation number of CICC 40719.

[0029] In the examples, Trichoderma longibrachiatum is from the China Center for Type Culture Collection, with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: M2017447.

[0030] In the examples, Bacillus mucilaginosus is from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19428.

[0031] In the examples, Bacillus subtilis is from the China Center for Type Culture Collection, with the preservation number of CCTCC No: M2021996. Example 1:

[0032] A preparation method of a multifunctional microbial fertilizer includes the following preparation steps: S1: Mix 462 g of straw powder, 135 g of cow dung, 144 g of wood vinegar, 68.5 g of ammonium nitrate, and 47.5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate evenly, sterilize at 121 °C and 0.105 MPa for 20 - 30 min, and after cooling, obtain an organic matter culture medium. Adjust the water content to 52% and adjust the pH value to 6.5. Inoculate 10.0 g of Phanerochaete chrsosporium with an effective viable count of 2.0×10 9 cfu / g - 2.5×10 9 cfu / g, inoculate 9.5 g of Trichoderma longibrachiatum with an effective viable count of 1.8×10 9 cfu / g - 2.2×10 9 cfu / g, compost and ferment for 5 days. After fermentation is completed, level it and cool down to obtain a primary fermented product. Adjust the water content of the primary fermented product to 60% and adjust the pH value to 6.9. Inoculate 11.2 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus with an effective viable count of 2.5×10 9 cfu / g - 3.0×10 9 cfu / g, inoculate 10.9 g of Bacillus subtilis with an effective viable count of 2.8×10 9 cfu / g - 3.2×10 9 cfu / g, control the temperature at 34 °C, ferment for 3 days, and after cooling, obtain a microbial organic fermentation matrix; S2: Add 18 g of glutamic acid to 150 g of deionized water, add 3.0 g of FeSO₄·7H₂O and 3.0 g of ZnSO₄·7H₂O in proportion, add 1.2 g of ascorbic acid, adjust the pH to 6, control the temperature at 68 °C, react for 75 min, cool after the reaction, centrifuge to obtain the supernatant, add 3 times the volume of absolute ethanol, centrifuge again to obtain the precipitate, and freeze-dry to obtain the trace element chelate; S3: Prepare 300 g of 2% polyglutamic acid solution, add 3.3 g of MgSO₄·7H₂O, 3.4 g of CuSO₄·5H₂O, and 2.3 g of MnSO₄·H₂O to the 2% polyglutamic acid solution, stir to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution, sieve 11.2 g of calcium humate and 10.9 g of diatomite into the mixed solution respectively, add 2.5 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, mechanically stir for 40 min, set the stirring speed to 550 rpm, filter and dry to obtain the composite soil conditioner; S4: Mix glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium lignosulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.8 to obtain the bacterial fertilizer stabilizer. Mix 650 g of organic fermentation substrate, 30 g of composite soil conditioner, 15 g of trace element chelate, and 28 g of bacterial fertilizer stabilizer evenly, grind them, sieve the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve, and granulate the sieved mixture to obtain the multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] A preparation method of a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer, including the following preparation steps: S1: Mix 400 g of straw powder, 120 g of cow dung, 120 g of wood vinegar liquid, 60 g of ammonium nitrate, and 40 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate evenly, sterilize at 121 °C and 0.105 MPa for 20 - 30 min, cool to obtain the organic matter culture medium, adjust the water content to 45.0%, adjust the pH value to 6.0, inoculate 10.0 g of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, with an effective viable count of 2.0×10 9 cfu / g - 2.5×10 9 cfu / g, inoculate 8.0 g of Trichoderma longibrachiatum, with an effective viable count of 1.8×10 9 cfu / g - 2.2×10 9 cfu / g, compost and ferment for 4 days, level and cool after fermentation to obtain the primary fermented product, adjust the water content of the primary fermented product to 55%, adjust the pH value to 6.5, inoculate 8.0 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus, with an effective viable count of 2.5×10 9 cfu / g - 3.0×10 9 cfu / g, inoculate 8.0 g of Bacillus subtilis, with an effective viable count of 2.8×10 9 cfu / g - 3.2×10 9cfu / g, control the temperature at 30 °C, ferment for 4 days, and obtain a microbial organic fermentation substrate after cooling; S2: Add 18 g of glutamic acid to 180 g of deionized water, add 2.0 g of FeSO4·7H2O and 2.0 g of ZnSO4·7H2O in proportion, add 1.0 g of ascorbic acid, adjust the pH to 5.5, control the temperature at 60 °C, react for 90 min, cool after the reaction, centrifuge to obtain the supernatant, add 3 times the volume of absolute ethanol, centrifuge again to obtain the precipitate, and obtain a trace element chelate after freeze-drying; S3: Prepare 300 g of a 2% polyglutamic acid solution, add 3.0 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 3.0 g of CuSO4··5H2O, and 2.0 g of MnSO4·H2O to the 2% polyglutamic acid solution, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution, sieve 10.0 g of calcium humate and 10.0 g of diatomite into the mixed solution respectively, add 2.0 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, mechanically stir for 30 min, set the stirring speed to 600 rpm, filter and dry to obtain a composite soil conditioner; S4: Mix glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium lignosulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:0.8:0.8 to obtain a bacterial fertilizer stabilizer. Mix 600 g of the organic fermentation substrate, 25 g of the composite soil conditioner, 12 g of the trace element chelate, and 26 g of the bacterial fertilizer stabilizer evenly, grind them, pass the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve, and granulate the sieved mixture to obtain a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer. Example 3:

[0035] A preparation method of a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer, comprising the following preparation steps: S1: Mix 500 g of straw powder, 150 g of cow dung, 150 g of wood vinegar liquid, 80 g of ammonium nitrate, and 60 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate evenly, sterilize at 121 °C and 0.105 MPa for 20 - 30 min, obtain an organic matter culture medium after cooling, adjust the water content to 55%, adjust the pH value to 7.0, inoculate 10.0 g of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and 12 g of Trichoderma longibrachiatum, compost and ferment for 5 days, level and cool the fermented product after fermentation to obtain a primary fermented product, adjust the water content of the primary fermented product to 60%, adjust the pH value to 7.0, inoculate 12 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus and 12 g of Bacillus subtilis, control the temperature at 35 °C, ferment for 3 days, and obtain a microbial organic fermentation substrate after cooling; S2: Add 18 g of glutamic acid to 180 g of deionized water, add 4.0 g of FeSO4·7H2O and 3.0 g of ZnSO4·7H2O in proportion, add 1.5 g of ascorbic acid, adjust the pH to 6.5, control the temperature at 70 °C, react for 60 min, cool after the reaction, centrifuge to obtain the supernatant, add 3 times the volume of absolute ethanol, centrifuge again to obtain the precipitate, and obtain a trace element chelate after freeze-drying; S3: Prepare 300 g of 2% polyglutamic acid solution, add 4.0 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 4.0 g of CuSO4·5H2O, and 3.0 g of MnSO4·H2O into the 2% polyglutamic acid solution, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution. Sieve 12.0 g of calcium humate and 12.0 g of diatomite respectively and add them into the mixed solution. Then add 3 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, stir mechanically for 40 min with the stirring speed set at 400 rpm, filter and dry to obtain a composite soil conditioner; S4: Mix glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium lignosulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:1.2 to obtain a bacterial fertilizer stabilizer. Mix 700 g of organic fermentation substrate, 35 g of composite soil conditioner, 20 g of trace element chelate, and 34 g of bacterial fertilizer stabilizer evenly and then grind. Sieve the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve, and granulate the sieved mixture to obtain a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, in this comparative example, only "650 g of the microbial organic fermentation substrate prepared in Step S1" is replaced with "Mix 598 g of cow dung, 144 g of wood vinegar liquid, 68.5 g of ammonium nitrate, and 47.5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate evenly, sterilize at 121 °C and 0.105 MPa for 20 - 30 min, and cool to obtain an organic matter culture medium". The remaining steps and parameters are the same, and this comparative example will not be repeated here. Finally, a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer is obtained.

[0037] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, in this comparative example, only "18 g of glutamic acid" is replaced with "18 g of deionized water". The remaining steps and parameters are the same, and this comparative example will not be repeated here. Finally, a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer is obtained.

[0038] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, in this comparative example, only "300 g of 2% polyglutamic acid solution" is replaced with "300 g of deionized water". The remaining steps and parameters are the same, and this comparative example will not be repeated here. Finally, a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer is obtained.

[0039] Comparative Example 4: Compared with Example 1, in this comparative example, "300 g of 2% polyglutamic acid solution" is replaced with "300 g of deionized water". The remaining steps and parameters are the same, and this comparative example will not be repeated here. Finally, a multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer is obtained.

[0040] Effect Verification and Method The test soil is red soil, flat, and its basic physical and chemical properties are as follows: pH value is 6.02, organic matter content is 24.1 g / kg, available nitrogen content is 109.5 mg / kg, available phosphorus content is 32.5 mg / kg, and available potassium content is 121.6 mg / kg.

[0041] Test varieties and cultivation methods: Tomatoes, greenhouse cultivation.

[0042] Experimental design: The experiment was set with 6 treatments, each treatment was repeated 3 times, for a total of 18 experimental plots. The plot area was 30 m 2 , and each plot was randomly arranged with a protection row. When conducting the field experiment, it was ensured that except for the different types of base fertilizers applied, all experimental plots were consistent in the frequency and amount of fertilization to eliminate the potential influence of other variables on the experimental results. Conventional group: Apply organic fertilizer (humic acid content greater than 70%) 450 kg / hm 2 , and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 800 kg / hm 2 ; Example 1 group: Apply the multifunctional microbial fertilizer prepared in Example 1 450 kg / hm 2 , and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 800 kg / hm 2 ; Control group 1: Apply the multifunctional microbial fertilizer prepared in Control Example 1 450 kg / hm 2 , and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 800 kg / hm 2 ; Control group 2: Apply the multifunctional microbial fertilizer prepared in Control Example 2 450 kg / hm 2 , and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 800 kg / hm 2 ; Control group 3: Apply the multifunctional microbial fertilizer prepared in Control Example 3 450 kg / hm 2 , and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 800 kg / hm 2 ; Control group 4: Apply the multifunctional microbial fertilizer prepared in Control Example 4 450 kg / hm 2 , and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 800 kg / hm 2 .

[0043] Soil determination items and methods: 60 days after tomato sowing, sample points were determined by the five-point sampling method. Rhizosphere soil was collected by the soil shaking method. The available nitrogen content in the soil was determined by the alkali hydrolysis diffusion method; the available phosphorus content in the soil was determined by the NaHCO3 antimony anti-colorimetric method; the available potassium content in the soil was determined by the NH4OAc extraction-flame photometry method. The detailed results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1

[0045] Analyze the effects of different treatments on the biological characteristics of tomatoes. The detailed results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Table 2

[0047] Data analysis: Humic acid can fix nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ions in the soil through adsorption and complexation, preventing their loss and slowly releasing them for plant absorption. As can be seen from Table 1, the nitrogen fixation, phosphorus fixation, and potassium fixation effects of the Example 1 group are significantly higher than those of the Comparative Example 1 group, especially the phosphorus fixation effect, indicating that microbial fermentation activates humic acid, and after microbial fermentation with a specific combination, the phosphorus fixation and nitrogen fixation effects of humic acid are greatly improved.

[0048] The present invention fixes trace elements through three ways and synergistically promotes the absorption of trace elements by plants to improve the quality of plants. The first way is to utilize the enrichment effect of organic matter and humic acid on trace elements to prevent the loss of trace elements. In addition, microbial fermentation improves the activity of organic matter and humic acid, making it easier for them to combine with trace elements; the second way is to chelate glutamic acid with trace elements iron and zinc to form amino acid trace element chelates, which are beneficial for direct absorption by plants; the third way is that polyglutamic acid complexes magnesium ions, copper ions, and manganese ions through adsorption and slow release effects, prolonging the effectiveness of magnesium, copper, and manganese.

[0049] As can be seen from Table 2, the number of fruits per plant in the Example 1 group is 16.2, the single fruit weight is 224.2 g, the VC content is 90.2 μg / ml, and the lycopene is 35.6 mg / kg, all of which are the best, and the fruit cracking rate is the lowest (0.01%), indicating that the synergistic effect of the three ways promotes the absorption and utilization of trace elements by plants.

[0050] Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples; under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations in different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0051] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional microbial fertilizer, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 - 70 parts of microbial organic fermentation substrate, 2.5 - 3.5 parts of compound soil conditioner, 1.2 - 2.0 parts of trace element chelate, and 2.6 - 3.4 parts of bacterial fertilizer stabilizer; The bacterial fertilizer stabilizer is composed of glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lignosulfonate, and the mass ratio of glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lignosulfonate is 1:0.8 - 1:0.8 - 1.

2. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the microbial organic fermentation substrate: Crush and sieve corn straw and rice straw and mix them to obtain straw powder. Mix the straw powder, cow dung, wood vinegar liquid, ammonium nitrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate evenly, and obtain the organic matter culture medium after high-temperature sterilization and cooling. Adjust the water content to 45% - 55%, adjust the pH value to 6 - 7, inoculate Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and carry out compost fermentation for 4 - 5 days. After the fermentation is completed, spread it out to cool down to obtain the primary fermentation product. Adjust the water content of the primary fermentation product to 55% - 60%, adjust the pH value to 6.5 - 7, inoculate Bacillus mucilaginosus and Bacillus subtilis, control the temperature at 30℃ - 35℃, ferment for 3 - 4 days, and obtain the microbial organic fermentation substrate after cooling.

3. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the trace element chelate: Add glutamic acid into deionized water, add ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate in proportion, add ascorbic acid, adjust the pH to 6 - 7, control the temperature at 60 - 70℃, react for 60 - 90 min, cool down after the reaction, centrifuge to take the supernatant, add 3 times the volume of absolute ethanol, centrifuge again to take the precipitate, and obtain the trace element chelate after freeze-drying.

4. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the compound soil conditioner: Prepare a 2% polyglutamic acid solution, add magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, and manganese sulfate monohydrate into the 2% polyglutamic acid solution, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution. Sieve calcium humate and diatomite and add them into the mixed solution respectively, add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, mechanically stir for 30 - 40 min, set the stirring speed to 400 - 600 rpm, filter and dry to obtain the compound soil conditioner.

5. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: The effective viable count of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium is 2.0×10 9 cfu / g - 2.5×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of the Trichoderma longibrachiatum is 1.8×10 9 cfu / g - 2.2×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus is 2.5×10 9 cfu / g - 3.0×10 9 cfu / g, the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis is 2.8×10 9 cfu / g - 3.2×10 9 cfu / g.

6. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: The mass ratio of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus subtilis, straw powder, cow dung, wood vinegar liquid, ammonium nitrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2:0.8 - 1.2:40 - 50:12 - 15:12 - 15:6 - 8:4 - 6.

7. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of glutamic acid, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, ascorbic acid and deionized water is 18:2 - 3:2 - 3:1 - 1.5:

50.

8. The multifunctional microbial fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein: The mass ratio of the 2% polyglutamic acid solution, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, calcium humate, and diatomite is 30:0.3 - 0.4:0.3 - 0.4:0.2 - 0.3:1.0 - 1.2:1.0 - 1.

2.

9. A preparation method of a multifunctional microbial fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes the following preparation steps: Mix the organic fermentation substrate, compound soil conditioner, trace element chelate, and bacterial fertilizer stabilizer evenly, then grind, sieve, and granulate to obtain the multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer.

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