Polyurethane material for impact-resistant caster and application of polyurethane material

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of polyurethane materials, and particularly discloses a polyurethane material for an anti-impact trundle and application of the polyurethane material. The polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of polyhydric alcohol, 20-40 parts of isocyanate, 0.5-1 part of a catalyst, 5-8 parts of reinforced fibers and 5-8 parts of a sound-absorbing material, and the sound-absorbing material is at least one of macroporous resin, mineral wool and hollow microspheres; by using the polyurethane material, the shock resistance and toughness of the trundle are improved, the macroporous resin, the mineral wool and the hollow microspheres are used as sound absorption materials, sound waves can be converted and effectively absorbed, the sound absorption and muting effects are achieved, and noise generated when the trundle makes contact with the ground in the moving process is reduced. The reinforced fibers form a network structure in the polyurethane material, so that impact energy can be effectively dispersed and absorbed, and the impact resistance of the polyurethane trundle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of polyurethane materials, and in particular to a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Casters are a common mobile device component and are widely used in logistics, industrial production and daily life. With the increasing requirements for logistics efficiency and safety in modern society, casters not only need to have good load-bearing capacity, but also need to meet the requirements of impact resistance and shock absorption performance.

[0003] Traditional casters are usually made of metal, rubber or ordinary plastic materials. These materials can meet basic usage requirements to a certain extent, but they often show their shortcomings when facing high impact forces and complex working conditions. In particular, they are prone to large vibration transmission under dynamic load conditions. At the same time, the sound absorption and silencing effects are too poor and cannot effectively absorb high-frequency vibrations and noise. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the impact resistance and quietness effect of casters, the present application provides a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters and application thereof.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters, adopting the following technical scheme: a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of polyol, 20-40 parts of isocyanate, 0.5-1 part of catalyst, 5-8 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 5-8 parts of sound-absorbing material, wherein the sound-absorbing material is at least one of macroporous resin, mineral wool, and hollow microspheres.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the polyurethane material has high elasticity and toughness, which can improve the impact resistance of the caster. The macroporous resin uses the high molecular damping damage of its own particle skeleton to absorb sound and the viscosity and scattering of air in the porous structure to absorb sound, which can reduce the noise of the polyurethane caster. Hollow microspheres can effectively absorb sound waves through cavity resonance and waveform conversion to achieve the effect of sound absorption and silence. Adding hollow microspheres to the polyurethane matrix can significantly improve the sound absorption performance of the caster material while maintaining the lightness and low density of the polyurethane material. Mineral wool has a porous structure, and these micropores can absorb sound waves and convert them into heat energy, thereby reducing the reflection and propagation of sound. Adding mineral wool to the polyurethane caster material can effectively reduce the noise generated by the caster contacting the ground during movement. The addition of reinforcing fibers can significantly improve the mechanical strength and toughness of polyurethane materials. Reinforcing fibers can form a network structure in polyurethane materials, which can effectively disperse and absorb impact energy and prevent polyurethane materials from breaking or deforming when impacted.

[0007] Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is at least one of carbon fiber, plant organic fiber, and polypropylene fiber.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, carbon fiber, plant organic fiber, and polypropylene fiber can form a network structure in the polyurethane matrix, which can significantly improve the mechanical strength and toughness of the casters. When subjected to impact, it can effectively disperse and absorb the impact energy, preventing the polyurethane material from breaking or deforming, thereby enhancing the impact resistance of the casters. On the other hand, the voids between carbon fiber, plant organic fiber, and polypropylene fiber can capture sound waves and reduce the sound transmission, thus improving the sound absorption effect of the casters to a certain extent.

[0009] Preferably, the macroporous resin is one of polystyrene macroporous resin and strongly basic anion exchange resin.

[0010] Preferably, the compounding of the mineral wool and the petroleum resin includes the following specific steps: mixing the petroleum resin and maleic anhydride and heating to melting, then continuing to heat up to 180 - 200 °C and adding a dispersant, carrying out a heat preservation reaction, cooling to 110 - 130 °C and then adding an alkali solution for saponification reaction, cooling to 90 - 100 °C, adding hot water and stirring for 1 - 3 h, discharging and filtering to form a modified petroleum resin; mixing the modified petroleum resin and the mineral wool and sanding to obtain the modified mineral wool.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, treating the surface of the mineral wool with the petroleum resin can improve the waterproof effect of the mineral wool and further reduce the phenomenon that the sound absorption performance of the mineral wool decreases after being affected by moisture.

[0012] Preferably, the petroleum resin is a mixture of C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin, and the mass ratio of the C5 petroleum resin to the C9 petroleum resin is 1:(1 - 3).

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the C9 petroleum resin has a relatively high softening point but has a relatively deep influence on the color of the polyurethane material, while the C5 petroleum resin has a relatively low softening point but has a relatively small influence on the color of the polyurethane material. When the two are compounded, they can complement each other to make the polyurethane casters have better color and sound absorption performance.

[0014] Preferably, the dispersant is maleic rosin.

[0015] Preferably, the modified petroleum resin is mixed with a paraffin emulsion, and then mixed with the mineral wool and sanded to obtain the modified mineral wool; the mass ratio of the modified petroleum resin to the paraffin emulsion is 1:(1 - 2).

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, surface treatment of the mineral wool with the compound of petroleum resin and paraffin can further improve the sound absorption performance and moisture-proof effect of the mineral wool, and at the same time enhance the dispersibility and stability of the mineral wool in the polyurethane matrix.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides an application of a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters, adopting the following technical solution: An application of a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters includes the following specific steps: Mix polyol, catalyst, reinforcing fiber, and sound-absorbing material, heat up to 60 - 80 °C, then add isocyanate and mix for reaction, and cast it into a caster mold. After molding, the application of the polyurethane material on the caster is completed.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, through the synergistic effect of each component, the prepared polyurethane caster has good impact resistance and sound-absorbing effect, reducing the noise of the caster under dynamic load.

[0019] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Since the present application adds macroporous resin, mineral wool, and hollow microspheres to the polyurethane material, it can absorb sound waves, reduce sound reflection and propagation, and reduce the noise of the polyurethane material caster. At the same time, the addition of reinforcing fibers can significantly improve the mechanical strength and toughness of the polyurethane material, form a network structure in the material, and can effectively disperse and absorb impact energy, preventing the material from breaking or deforming when being impacted.

[0020] 2. In the present application, C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin are compounded to surface-treat the mineral wool, which can improve the waterproof effect of the mineral wool and reduce the phenomenon of reduced sound-absorbing performance after the mineral wool gets damp. Specific Embodiments

[0021] The following further elaborates on the present application with reference to embodiments.

[0022] All raw materials in the embodiments can be obtained commercially. Embodiments

[0023] Example 1 This example provides a polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters, including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 kg of polyol, 30 kg of isocyanate, 0.8 kg of catalyst, 7 kg of reinforcing fiber, and 7 kg of sound-absorbing material. Among them, the polyol is polyester diol with a molecular weight of 3000 g / mol, the isocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the reinforcing fiber is carbon fiber; the sound-absorbing material is polystyrene macroporous resin D101 with a porosity of 0.45 and a bulk density of 0.6 g / cm 3 .

[0024] The application of the polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters includes the following specific steps: Mix polyol, catalyst, reinforcing fiber, and sound-absorbing material, heat up to 75 °C, then add isocyanate and mix well. React for 2 h, pour into a caster mold, and after molding, the application of polyurethane material in the caster is completed.

[0025] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the usage amount of polyol is 20 kg, the usage amount of isocyanate is 40 kg, the usage amount of catalyst is 0.5 kg, the usage amount of reinforcing fiber is 8 kg, and the usage amount of sound-absorbing material is 5 kg.

[0026] Example 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the usage amount of polyol is 35 kg, the usage amount of isocyanate is 20 kg, the usage amount of catalyst is 1 kg, the usage amount of reinforcing fiber is 5 kg, and the usage amount of sound-absorbing material is 8 kg.

[0027] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the reinforcing fiber is plant organic fiber - bamboo fiber.

[0028] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the sound-absorbing material is strongly basic anion exchange resin D252, purchased from Hangzhou Zhengguang Chemical Factory.

[0029] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the sound-absorbing material is hollow microspheres, the average diameter of the hollow microspheres is 50 - 100 μm, and the wall thickness is 1 - 2 μm.

[0030] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the sound-absorbing material is mineral wool, and the density of the mineral wool is 80 kg / m 3 。

[0031] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is that the application of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster includes the following specific steps: S1: Mix petroleum resin and maleic anhydride, heat the mixture to melting. The petroleum resin is C5 petroleum resin. Then continue to heat up to 190 °C and add the dispersant maleic rosin. Keep the temperature for reaction for 2 h. After cooling down to 120 °C, add 20% sodium hydroxide lye by mass fraction for saponification reaction for 1 h. Cool down to 95 °C, add hot water and stir for 2 h. Discharge and filter to form modified petroleum resin; Mix the modified petroleum resin with mineral wool. The mass ratio of the modified petroleum resin to the mineral wool is 0.5:1. Grind to obtain modified mineral wool; S2: Mix polyol, catalyst, reinforcing fiber and modified mineral wool, heat up to 75 °C, then add isocyanate and mix. Stir evenly and react for 2 h. Cast into a caster mold. After molding, the application of polyurethane material on the caster is completed.

[0032] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 8 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, the petroleum resin is a mixture of C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin, and the mass ratio of the C5 petroleum resin to the C9 petroleum resin is 1:2.

[0033] Example 10 The difference between Example 10 and Example 9 is that the application of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster includes the following specific steps: S1: Mix petroleum resin and maleic anhydride, heat the mixture to melting. The petroleum resin is C5 petroleum resin. Then continue to heat up to 190 °C and add the dispersant maleic rosin. Keep the temperature for reaction for 2 h. After cooling down to 120 °C, add 20% sodium hydroxide lye by mass fraction for saponification reaction for 1 h. Cool down to 95 °C, add hot water and stir for 2 h. Discharge and filter to form modified petroleum resin; Mix the modified petroleum resin with 60% paraffin emulsion by mass fraction. The mass ratio of the modified petroleum resin to the paraffin emulsion is 1:1.5. Then mix with mineral wool. Grind to obtain modified mineral wool; S2: Mix polyol, catalyst, reinforcing fiber and modified mineral wool, heat up to 75 °C, then add isocyanate and mix. Stir evenly and react for 2 h. Cast into a caster mold. After molding, the application of polyurethane material on the caster is completed.

[0034] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, sound-absorbing material is not used.

[0035] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that in the raw materials of the polyurethane material for the impact-resistant caster, reinforcing fiber is not used.

[0036] Performance Detection Test According to the polyurethane materials provided in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present application and the casters prepared therefrom, the following performance tests were carried out, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Test method I. Impact performance Referring to the standard of DIN 53453 "Plastics - Impact test", the impact strength of the polyurethane materials prepared in the present application was tested.

[0038] II. Bending performance Referring to the standard of IS0 178:2001 "Plastics - Determination of flexural properties", the flexural strength of the polyurethane materials prepared in the present application was tested.

[0039] III. Noise reduction effect Using a four-channel digital signal acquisition system and impedance tubes with diameters of 100 mm and 30 mm, measurements were carried out at 100 - 6000 Hz, and the average value was taken after three tests; the noise reduction coefficient was the arithmetic mean of the sound absorption coefficients of the polyurethane materials prepared in the application at 250 HZ, 500 Hz, 1000 HZ, and 2000 Hz.

[0040] Table 1: Data table of performance test results It can be seen from the performance test results that the polyurethane materials prepared in the present application have good impact resistance. At the same time, by using macroporous resin, hollow microspheres, and mineral wool as sound-absorbing materials, good noise reduction effects can be imparted to the polyurethane materials, reducing the noise generated when the polyurethane casters come into contact with the ground during movement. By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Example 1, it can be seen that in Comparative Example 1, no sound-absorbing material is used, and the caster material prepared only relies on the sound absorption performance of the polyurethane material of the present application, and relatively large noise will also be generated when the caster comes into contact with the ground during movement, and at the same time, it will also affect the strength and impact resistance of the polyurethane. By comparing Comparative Example 2 with Example 1, it can be seen that the traditional polyurethane material has low impact resistance, and the polyurethane material added with reinforcing fibers has good impact strength and flexural strength, and at the same time has a certain sound absorption effect, reducing the noise generated during the use of the casters.

[0041] It can be seen from Examples 8 - 10 that by treating the surface of mineral wool with petroleum resin, the waterproof effect of mineral wool can be improved, further reducing the noise generated by the polyurethane casters. At the same time, the prepared polyurethane materials have good gloss and also improve the impact resistance of the polyurethane materials.

[0042] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application and does not limit the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions as needed, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters, characterized in that, It comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 - 35 parts of polyol, 20 - 40 parts of isocyanate, 0.5 - 1 part of catalyst, 5 - 8 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5 - 8 parts of sound-absorbing material, and the sound-absorbing material is at least one of macroporous resin, mineral wool, and hollow microspheres.

2. The polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing fiber is at least one of carbon fiber, plant organic fiber, and polypropylene fiber.

3. The polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The macroporous resin is one of polystyrene macroporous resin and strongly basic anion exchange resin.

4. The polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compounding of the mineral wool and petroleum resin comprises the following specific steps: Mix the petroleum resin and maleic anhydride and heat to melting, then continue to heat up to 180 - 200 °C and add a dispersant, keep the temperature for reaction, cool down to 110 - 130 °C and then add an alkali solution for saponification reaction, cool down to 90 - 100 °C, add hot water and stir for 1 - 3 h, discharge and filter to form a modified petroleum resin; Mix the modified petroleum resin and mineral wool, and the mass ratio of the modified petroleum resin to the mineral wool is (0.3 - 0.8):1, and grind to obtain the modified mineral wool.

5. The polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters according to claim 4, wherein The petroleum resin is a mixture of C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin, and the mass ratio of the C5 petroleum resin to the C9 petroleum resin is 1:(1 - 3).

6. The polyurethane material for an impact-resistant caster according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dispersant is maleic rosin.

7. The polyurethane material for impact-resistant casters according to claim 4, characterized in that, Mix the modified petroleum resin with a paraffin emulsion, then mix with mineral wool, and grind to obtain the modified mineral wool; The mass ratio of the modified petroleum resin to the paraffin emulsion is 1:(1 - 2).

8. Use of a polyurethane material for an impact-resistant caster according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It comprises the following specific steps: Mix the polyol, catalyst, reinforcing fiber, and sound-absorbing material, heat up to 60 - 80 °C, then add isocyanate for mixing reaction, cast into a caster mold, and after molding, the application of the polyurethane material to the caster is completed.

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