Biomass carbonization equipment and operation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intermittent furnace equipment, and particularly relates to biomass carbonization equipment and an operation method, the biomass carbonization equipment comprises: a frame body, the frame body comprises a fixed support and a rotating support, the rotating support is rotatably connected with the fixed support, the rotating support is in transmission connection with a telescopic part, and the telescopic part is used for making the rotating support swing relative to the fixed support; the furnace tube is rotationally arranged on the rotating support, a heating device is arranged in the furnace tube, one end of the furnace tube communicates with a feeding and discharging part, the other end of the furnace tube communicates with a tail gas treatment part, the furnace tube is in transmission connection with a driving part, and the driving part is used for enabling the furnace tube to rotate on the rotating support; and the heat dissipation part is mounted on the rotating bracket and exchanges heat with the furnace tube. The invention further discloses an operation method of the biomass carbonization equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intermittent furnace equipment, and particularly relates to a biomass carbonization equipment and an operation method. Background Art

[0002] Biomass energy, as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative energy, has gradually attracted attention. Biomass charcoal (also known as biochar), as a carbonization product obtained by biomass gasification or pyrolysis, has good energy storage, soil improvement, and carbon sequestration functions, and is widely used in agriculture, environmental protection, and the energy industry.

[0003] The production of biomass charcoal mainly involves heating organic substances (such as wood, straw, crop residues, etc.) to a high temperature to decompose them into carbonized substances under anoxic conditions.

[0004] Traditional biomass charcoal production equipment usually requires a large amount of manual operation during the feeding and discharging processes, which not only increases the labor intensity but also may lead to delays and instability in the production process.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a biomass carbonization equipment and an operation method to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomass carbonization equipment and an operation method to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] A biomass carbonization equipment, comprising:

[0009] A frame body, including a fixed bracket and a rotating bracket, the rotating bracket is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket, the rotating bracket is drivingly connected with a telescopic part, and the telescopic part is used to make the rotating bracket swing relative to the fixed bracket;

[0010] A furnace tube, rotatably arranged on the rotating bracket, a heating device is arranged inside the furnace tube, one end of the furnace tube is communicated with a feeding and discharging part, the other end of the furnace tube is communicated with a tail gas treatment part, and the furnace tube is drivingly connected with a driving part, and the driving part is used to make the furnace tube rotate on the rotating bracket;

[0011] A heat dissipation part, installed on the rotating bracket, and the heat dissipation part is arranged for heat exchange with the furnace tube.

[0012] Optionally, the telescopic part includes a telescopic rod, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the fixed bracket, and the movable end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the rotating bracket.

[0013] Optionally, the telescopic rod is an electric telescopic rod or a hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0014] Optionally, the outer side of the furnace tube is covered with an upper cover, the upper cover is installed on the rotating bracket, and one side of the upper cover is hinged to the rotating bracket.

[0015] Optionally, the feeding and discharging part includes a feeding and discharging box, the feeding and discharging box has a feeding port and a discharging port, and the feeding and discharging box is fixed on the fixed bracket;

[0016] When one end of the furnace tube close to the feeding and discharging box is tilted upward, the feeding port is communicated with the furnace tube; when one end of the furnace tube close to the feeding and discharging box is tilted downward, the furnace tube is communicated with the discharging port. A transmission device is arranged below the discharging port. When one end of the furnace tube close to the feeding and discharging box is tilted downward, the furnace tube is communicated with the feeding end of the transmission device through the discharging port.

[0017] Optionally, the tail gas treatment part includes a combustion chamber. When the furnace tube is horizontal, one end of the furnace tube close to the combustion chamber is communicated with the combustion chamber. A burner is arranged in the combustion chamber. The top of the combustion chamber is communicated with a tail gas discharge port. After the tail gas in the furnace tube enters the combustion chamber and is heated and burned by the burner, it is discharged from the tail gas discharge port.

[0018] Optionally, the heat dissipation part includes a plurality of heat dissipation fans. The heat dissipation fans are rotatably arranged on the rotating bracket, and the heat dissipation fans are located at the bottom of the furnace tube;

[0019] The heat dissipation fan is driven to rotate by a motor;

[0020] The heat dissipation fan drives the air to flow to reduce the temperature of the furnace tube.

[0021] Optionally, the heating device includes an electric heating tube, and the electric heating tube is coiled and arranged in the furnace chamber of the furnace tube.

[0022] Optionally, the driving part includes:

[0023] Two rotating brackets, the two rotating brackets are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the furnace tube, and the fixed ends of the rotating brackets are fixed to the rotating brackets;

[0024] A driving motor, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket, and the output shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the furnace tube;

[0025] A first pulley is axially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, one end of a belt is sleeved on the first pulley, the other end of the belt is sleeved with a second pulley, and the second pulley is axially connected to the furnace tube.

[0026] An operation method of a biomass carbonization device, using the above-mentioned biomass carbonization device, includes the following steps:

[0027] The telescopic part drives the rotating bracket to swing relative to the fixed bracket to tilt the furnace tube. After the biomass raw material is fed through the feeding and discharging part, the furnace tube is leveled and then the inlet and outlet ends of the furnace tube are sealed;

[0028] The driving part is used to rotate the furnace tube on the rotating bracket. At the same time, the heating device is started, so that the biomass raw material undergoes thermal decomposition under anoxic conditions to produce biomass charcoal and combustible gas. The combustible gas is introduced into the tail gas treatment part and discharged after being treated;

[0029] After the reaction is completed, the furnace tube is disconnected from the tail gas treatment part, and the heat dissipation part is started. At the same time, the furnace tube continues to rotate to cool the biomass charcoal. After reaching the discharging temperature, the furnace tube tilts and discharges the biomass carbon completely through the feeding and discharging part;

[0030] Repeat the above steps to carry out the next round of production operations.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0032] During use, the telescopic part drives the rotating bracket to swing relative to the fixed bracket to tilt the furnace tube. After the biomass raw material is fed through the feeding and discharging part, the furnace tube is leveled and then the inlet and outlet ends of the furnace tube are sealed; the driving part is used to rotate the furnace tube on the rotating bracket. At the same time, the heating device is started, so that the biomass raw material undergoes thermal decomposition under anoxic conditions to produce biomass charcoal and combustible gas. The combustible gas is introduced into the tail gas treatment part and discharged after being treated; after the reaction is completed, the furnace tube is disconnected from the tail gas treatment part, and the heat dissipation part is started. At the same time, the furnace tube continues to rotate to cool the biomass charcoal. After reaching the discharging temperature, the furnace tube tilts and discharges the biomass carbon completely through the feeding and discharging part; compared with the traditional technology, during the production process of biomass charcoal, this device realizes automatic feeding after feeding and automatic discharging after the reaction is completed by tilting the furnace tube, can realize the automatic inlet and outlet of materials to and from the furnace tube, and is automatically discharged by tilting the furnace tube after heating is completed, improving the working efficiency, reducing the labor cost, and avoiding the influence of errors and improper operations of manual operations on the production efficiency. This automated design enables the equipment to operate continuously and efficiently, reducing production downtime and labor costs, and improving the overall production efficiency. By setting a precise temperature control system and optimizing the heating and cooling design, it is ensured that the materials in the furnace tube can be quickly and evenly heated to the required temperature and maintain a stable heating process. By automatically adjusting the heating power and cooling rate, the problems of uneven heating and inaccurate cooling commonly found in traditional equipment are avoided, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of important parameters of the physical and chemical properties of biomass charcoal, such as specific surface area, pore structure, and carbon content. At the same time, through the setting of the tail gas treatment part, while ensuring high-efficiency production, energy waste and waste gas emissions are reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Front view of the structure of the present invention with an upper cover;

[0037] Figure 4 Top view of the structure of the present invention with an upper cover;

[0038] Among them, 1, furnace tube; 2, feed inlet; 3, discharge outlet; 4, feed and discharge box; 5, cooling fan; 7, telescopic rod; 8, tail gas discharge port; 9, combustion chamber; 10, burner; 11, upper cover; 13, fixed bracket; 14, rotating bracket. Specific embodiments

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the present invention discloses a biomass carbonization device, including:

[0042] A frame body, including a fixed bracket 13 and a rotating bracket 14. The rotating bracket 14 is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket 13. The rotating bracket 14 is drivingly connected to a telescopic part, and the telescopic part is used to swing the rotating bracket 14 relative to the fixed bracket 13;

[0043] A furnace tube 1, rotatably arranged on the rotating bracket 14. A heating device is arranged inside the furnace tube 1. One end of the furnace tube 1 communicates with a feed and discharge part, and the other end of the furnace tube 1 communicates with a tail gas treatment part. The furnace tube 1 is drivingly connected to a driving part, and the driving part is used to rotate the furnace tube 1 on the rotating bracket 14;

[0044] The heat dissipation part is installed on the rotating bracket 14, and the heat dissipation part is arranged for heat exchange with the furnace tube 1.

[0045] During use, the telescopic part drives the rotating bracket 14 to swing relative to the fixed bracket 13 to incline the furnace tube 1. After the biomass raw material is fed through the feeding and discharging part, the furnace tube 1 is leveled and then the inlet and outlet ends of the furnace tube 1 are sealed; the driving part is used to rotate the furnace tube 1 on the rotating bracket 14, and at the same time the heating device is started to cause the biomass raw material to thermally decompose under anoxic conditions to produce biomass charcoal and combustible gas. The combustible gas is introduced into the tail gas treatment part and discharged after treatment; after the reaction is completed, the furnace tube 1 is disconnected from the tail gas treatment part, the heat dissipation part is started, and at the same time the furnace tube 1 continues to rotate to cool down the biomass charcoal. After reaching the discharging temperature, the furnace tube 1 is inclined and the biomass carbon is completely discharged through the feeding and discharging part; compared with the traditional technology, in the production process of biomass charcoal, this device realizes automatic feeding after feeding and automatic discharging after the reaction is completed by inclining the furnace tube 1, can realize automatic feeding and discharging of materials into and out of the furnace tube 1, and is automatically discharged by inclining the furnace tube 1 after heating is completed, improving the working efficiency, reducing the labor cost, and avoiding the influence of manual operation errors and improper operation on the production efficiency. This automatic design enables the equipment to operate continuously and efficiently, reduces the production downtime and labor cost, and improves the overall production efficiency. By setting an accurate temperature control system and optimizing the heating and cooling design, it is ensured that the materials in the furnace tube 1 can be quickly and evenly heated to the required temperature and a stable heating process can be maintained. By automatically adjusting the heating power and cooling rate, the problems of uneven heating and inaccurate cooling commonly found in traditional equipment are avoided, thus ensuring the consistency and stability of important parameters such as the specific surface area, pore structure and carbon content of the physical and chemical properties of the biomass charcoal. At the same time, through the setting of the tail gas treatment part, while ensuring high-efficiency production, energy waste and waste gas emissions are reduced.

[0046] As an optional implementation manner, the telescopic part includes a telescopic rod 7. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 7 is hinged to the fixed bracket 13, and the movable end of the telescopic rod 7 is hinged to the rotating bracket 14.

[0047] As an optional implementation manner, the telescopic rod 7 is an electric telescopic rod or a hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0048] By changing the length of the telescopic rod 7, the rotating bracket 14 can be rotated relative to the fixed bracket 13 to change the inclination angle of the furnace tube 1.

[0049] As an optional implementation manner, the outer side of the furnace tube 1 is covered with an upper cover 11. The upper cover 11 is installed on the rotating bracket 14, and one side of the upper cover 11 is hinged to the rotating bracket 14.

[0050] The upper cover 11 plays a role in protection and heat insulation, avoiding harm to the operators.

[0051] As an alternative embodiment, the feeding and discharging section includes a feeding and discharging box 4, which has a feeding port 2 and a discharging port 3, and the feeding and discharging box 4 is fixed on a fixed bracket 13;

[0052] When one end of the furnace tube 1 close to the feeding and discharging box 4 inclines upward, the feeding port 2 communicates with the furnace tube 1. When one end of the furnace tube 1 close to the feeding and discharging box 4 inclines downward, the furnace tube 1 communicates with the discharging port 3. A transmission device is arranged below the discharging port 3. When one end of the furnace tube 1 close to the feeding and discharging box 4 inclines downward, the furnace tube 1 communicates with the feeding end of the transmission device through the discharging port 3.

[0053] The transmission device is not limited to forms such as conveyor belts.

[0054] The inside of the feeding and discharging box 4 is provided with an inclined partition board. When one end of the furnace tube 1 close to the feeding and discharging box 4 inclines upward, the material slides along the partition board and enters into the furnace tube 1. When the furnace tube 1 rotates to the horizontal position, the end part is fixed and sealed by a sealing plate.

[0055] When discharging materials, first open the sealing plate to make the furnace tube 1 incline downward, and the materials directly pour into the bottom of the feeding and discharging box 4 and are poured onto the conveyor belt through the discharging port 3 arranged at the bottom of the feeding and discharging box 4.

[0056] As an alternative embodiment, the tail gas treatment section includes a combustion chamber 9. When the furnace tube 1 is horizontal, one end of the furnace tube 1 close to the combustion chamber 9 communicates with the combustion chamber 9. A burner 10 is arranged in the combustion chamber 9. The top of the combustion chamber 9 is communicated with a tail gas discharge port 8. After the tail gas in the furnace tube 1 enters the combustion chamber 9 and is heated and burned by the burner 10, it is discharged from the tail gas discharge port 8.

[0057] As an alternative embodiment, the heat dissipation section includes a plurality of heat dissipation fans 5. The heat dissipation fans 5 are rotatably arranged on a rotating bracket 14, and the heat dissipation fans 5 are located at the bottom of the furnace tube 1;

[0058] The heat dissipation fans 5 are driven to rotate by a motor;

[0059] The heat dissipation fans 5 drive the air to flow to reduce the temperature of the furnace tube 1.

[0060] As an alternative embodiment, the heating device includes electric heating tubes, and the electric heating tubes are wound and arranged in the furnace chamber of the furnace tube 1.

[0061] As an alternative embodiment, the driving section includes:

[0062] Two rotating brackets, which are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the furnace tube 1, and the fixed ends of the rotating brackets are fixed to the rotating bracket 14;

[0063] A driving motor, whose fixed end is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket 14, and the output shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the furnace tube 1;

[0064] One end of a belt is sleeved on a first pulley which is axially connected to the output shaft of a driving motor, and the other end of the belt is sleeved on a second pulley which is axially connected to a furnace tube 1.

[0065] An operation method of a biomass carbonization device uses the above-mentioned biomass carbonization device and includes the following steps:

[0066] Drive a rotating bracket 14 to swing relative to a fixed bracket 13 through a telescopic part to tilt the furnace tube 1. After putting in biomass raw materials through a feeding and discharging part, level the furnace tube 1 and then seal the inlet and outlet ends of the furnace tube 1.

[0067] Drive the furnace tube 1 to rotate on the rotating bracket 14 through a driving part, and at the same time start a heating device to cause the biomass raw materials to thermally decompose under anoxic conditions, generating biomass charcoal and combustible gas. The combustible gas is introduced into a tail gas treatment part and discharged after being treated.

[0068] After the reaction ends, cut off the connection between the furnace tube 1 and the tail gas treatment part, start a heat dissipation part, and at the same time continue to rotate the furnace tube 1 to cool down the biomass charcoal. After reaching the discharging temperature, tilt the furnace tube 1 and discharge all the biomass charcoal through the feeding and discharging part.

[0069] Repeat the above steps to carry out the next round of production operations.

[0070] Match a feeding and discharging box 4 with the furnace tube 1. Under the control of an automatic panel, the furnace tube 1 rotates to the feeding angle through a telescopic rod 7, and the biomass raw materials are introduced into the furnace tube 1 from a feeding port 2. The biomass raw materials are selected from corn straws, rice straws, wheat straws, tree branches, fruit shells or other biomass wastes. After the feeding is completed, the telescopic rod 7 drives the furnace tube 1 to be horizontal and seal the end plate of the furnace tube 1 port.

[0071] After the furnace tube 1 filled with biomass raw materials is rotated to be horizontal through the telescopic rod 7, connect the joint of a combustion chamber 9 with the joint of the furnace tube 1, cover the upper cover of the combustion chamber 9 and lock it. Under the control of the automatic panel: start the rotation of the furnace tube 1, start an electric heating device, set the heating temperature to 500°C to 800°C, and the heat preservation time to 1 to 3 hours. During the heating process, the biomass raw materials undergo a pyrolysis reaction under oxygen-limited conditions, generating biomass charcoal, pyrolysis gas and bio-oil. After the heating is completed, disconnect the tail gas discharge port 8 and push open the combustion chamber 9.

[0072] During the heat dissipation process, start the rotation of the furnace tube 1 and start a heat dissipation fan 5. When the temperature drops to a specified temperature, open the end plate, match the feeding and discharging box 4 with the furnace tube 1, rotate to the discharging angle through the telescopic rod 7, and then discharge in reverse until all the biomass charcoal is discharged. Place the furnace tube 1 horizontally through the telescopic rod 7. Repeat the above steps to process the next batch of biomass raw materials.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass carbonization device, characterized in that, Comprising: A frame body, including a fixed bracket (13) and a rotating bracket (14), the rotating bracket (14) is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket (13), the rotating bracket (14) is drivingly connected with a telescopic part, and the telescopic part is used to make the rotating bracket (14) swing relative to the fixed bracket (13); A furnace tube (1), rotatably arranged on the rotating bracket (14), a heating device is arranged inside the furnace tube (1), one end of the furnace tube (1) is communicated with a feeding and discharging part, the other end of the furnace tube (1) is communicated with a tail gas treatment part, the furnace tube (1) is drivingly connected with a driving part, and the driving part is used to make the furnace tube (1) rotate on the rotating bracket (14); A heat dissipation part, installed on the rotating bracket (14), and the heat dissipation part is arranged for heat exchange with the furnace tube (1).

2. The biomass carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic part includes a telescopic rod (7), the fixed end of the telescopic rod (7) is hinged to the fixed bracket (13), and the movable end of the telescopic rod (7) is hinged to the rotating bracket (14).

3. A biomass carbonization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (7) is an electric telescopic rod or a hydraulic telescopic rod.

4. A biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the furnace tube (1) is covered with an upper cover (11), the upper cover (11) is installed on the rotating bracket (14), and one side of the upper cover (11) is hinged to the rotating bracket (14).

5. A biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and discharging part includes a feeding and discharging box (4), the feeding and discharging box (4) has a feeding port (2) and a discharging port (3), and the feeding and discharging box (4) is fixed on the fixed bracket (13); When one end of the furnace tube (1) close to the feeding and discharging box (4) inclines upward, the feeding port (2) is communicated with the furnace tube (1), when one end of the furnace tube (1) close to the feeding and discharging box (4) inclines downward, the furnace tube (1) is communicated with the discharging port (3), a transmission device is arranged below the discharging port (3), and when one end of the furnace tube (1) close to the feeding and discharging box (4) inclines downward, the furnace tube (1) is communicated with the feeding end of the transmission device through the discharging port (3).

6. The biomass carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas treatment part includes a combustion chamber (9), when the furnace tube (1) is horizontal, one end of the furnace tube (1) close to the combustion chamber (9) is communicated with the combustion chamber (9), a burner (10) is arranged inside the combustion chamber (9), the top of the combustion chamber (9) is communicated with a tail gas discharge port (8), and after the tail gas in the furnace tube (1) enters the combustion chamber (9) and is heated and burned by the burner (10), it is discharged from the tail gas discharge port (8).

7. A biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation part includes a plurality of heat dissipation fans (5), the heat dissipation fans (5) are rotatably arranged on the rotating bracket (14), and the heat dissipation fans (5) are located at the bottom of the furnace tube (1); The heat dissipation fans (5) are driven to rotate by a motor; The heat dissipation fans (5) drive the air to flow to reduce the temperature of the furnace tube (1).

8. A biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device includes an electric heating tube, and the electric heating tube is coiled and arranged in the furnace chamber of the furnace tube (1).

9. A biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving part includes: Two rotating brackets, the two rotating brackets are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the furnace tube (1), and the fixed ends of the rotating brackets are fixed to the rotating bracket (14); A driving motor, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating bracket (14), and the output shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the furnace tube (1); A first pulley is axially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, one end of a belt is sleeved on the first pulley, the other end of the belt is sleeved with a second pulley, and the second pulley is axially connected to the furnace tube (1).

10. A method for operating a biomass carbonization device, using a biomass carbonization device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Driving the rotating bracket (14) to swing relative to the fixed bracket (13) through the telescopic part to incline the furnace tube (1), feeding biomass raw materials through the feeding and discharging part, and after the furnace tube (1) is leveled, sealing the inlet and outlet ends of the furnace tube (1); Driving the furnace tube (1) to rotate on the rotating bracket (14) through the driving part, and at the same time starting the heating device to cause the biomass raw materials to undergo thermal decomposition under anoxic conditions to generate biomass charcoal and combustible gas, and the combustible gas is introduced into the tail gas treatment part and discharged after being treated; After the reaction is completed, disconnect the furnace tube (1) from the tail gas treatment part, start the heat dissipation part, and at the same time the furnace tube (1) continues to rotate to cool the biomass charcoal. After reaching the discharging temperature, the furnace tube (1) is inclined and the biomass charcoal is drained through the feeding and discharging part; Repeat the above steps to carry out the next round of production operations.

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