Goal type sand catching barrier and excavation-free sand stabilization system and method for gobi area

Abstract

The invention discloses a goal type sand catching barrier and an excavation-free sand stabilization system and method for gobi areas. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for the gobi area comprises a suspension type wind blocking barrier, a goal type sand capturing barrier and a suspended sand stabilization assembly which are sequentially arranged in the main wind direction, the distance between the suspension type wind blocking barrier and the goal type sand capturing barrier is d1, the distance between the goal type sand capturing barrier and the suspended sand stabilization assembly is d2, and the distances between the suspended sand stabilization assembly and a protected object are d3 and d1lt; the h1 is the height of the suspension type choke barrier, the value range of the h1 is 1.5-2.5 m, and the value range of the d2lt is 1.5-2.5 m; 20h2 and h2 are the height of the goal type sand capturing barrier, the value range of h2 is 1.5-2.5 m, the value range of d3 is 10-50 m, the suspended choke barrier and the goal type sand capturing barrier in the upwind direction can effectively capture wind and sand, and the suspended sand fixing assembly in the downwind direction can thoroughly fix the remaining unblocked wind and sand, so that the sand damage of the gobi desert is reduced, and meanwhile, the sand is prevented from being blocked by the suspended sand fixing assembly in the downwind direction. And the problem of dust flying possibly caused by engineering construction and human intervention in the sand wind protection process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment treatment in desert areas, and particularly to a goal-shaped sand-catching barrier, a trenchless sand fixation system and method for Gobi areas. Background Art

[0002] In Gobi areas, common sand and wind protection measures include various high vertical sand barriers, sand fixation grids, sand retaining walls and windbreak and dust suppression nets. These measures usually require pouring foundation piles, and then establishing columns, fixing pins, etc. to stabilize the mesh structure or wall. However, the related excavation operations will inevitably cause damage to the Gobi surface. Sedimentation ditches, sand interception ditches and sand retaining dikes are also commonly used sand fixation methods in Gobi areas. Due to their characteristics of two-way blocking and only allowing a small amount to enter and a large amount to exit, their sand fixation efficiency is generally high. However, these measures cause extremely serious damage to the Gobi surface. First of all, the ditches are strip-shaped, with a large excavation depth and area. The fine materials dug out are often piled up on the upwind side of the sand interception ditch to form a sand retaining dike, which will lead to serious wind erosion and dust problems.

[0003] In addition, covering measures such as biological soil crusts, sand fixation agents, spraying sowing, clay, bentonite and gravel covering have shallow penetration depth and low strength, and can only cover a few millimeters to a few centimeters on the surface. The surface strength of these coverings is not enough to resist rolling or trampling, and is easy to be damaged, or even pressed into the sand layer, resulting in the exposure of fine sand at the bottom, thus causing wind erosion problems. Especially in the initial stage of large-scale construction of wind power and photovoltaic energy bases in Gobi areas, the disturbance of the Gobi surface will cause a large amount of dust, bringing the risk of sand burial to the traffic and facilities in downstream areas. The gravel layer near the surface of the Gobi is usually only a few centimeters to more than a dozen centimeters thick, and below it are distributed with several tens of centimeters thick mirabilite layers, saline-alkali layers or hard clay layers, and at the bottom is a relatively thick fine sand and gravel mixture. The surface gravel layer protects the underlying fine materials from wind erosion like armor. Therefore, the basic principle of sand and wind protection in Gobi areas is to minimize disturbance and carry out greening in places where it is easy to green. In the northwest Gobi areas of our country, important infrastructures such as new energy bases, transportation and national defense are widely distributed. There are still many related technical difficulties in sand control practice that have not been overcome, and the regional sand control is difficult and the task is urgent.

[0004] In view of the above problems, we need to provide an effective sand and wind prevention and control solution for Gobi areas to reduce or avoid disturbance, so as to reduce the dust hazards that may be caused by human disturbance in sand and wind protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a goal-shaped sand-catching barrier, a trenchless sand fixation system and method for Gobi areas, so as to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the foregoing invention purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a goal - type sand - catching barrier, which includes a wind - blocking unit and a sand - catching unit. The wind - blocking unit includes at least one sand - catching barrier. The sand - catching unit includes a sand - catching chamber. The entrance of the sand - catching chamber faces the main wind direction. The sand - catching barrier is arranged at the entrance and / or inside of the sand - catching chamber, and the sand - catching barrier can swing in a pendulum - like manner.

[0008] In some more specific embodiments, the wind - blocking unit includes a plurality of sand - catching barriers, which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the depth direction of the sand - catching chamber. The depth direction is the direction from the entrance of the sand - catching chamber pointing to the inside of the sand - catching chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the spacing between the sand - catching barriers is 1 - 1.5 m, and the porosity of the sand - catching barrier is 20% - 60%.

[0010] Preferably, the porosity of the sand - catching barrier increases sequentially along the depth direction.

[0011] In some more specific embodiments, the sand - catching chamber includes a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other. The entrance is arranged on the first side, and the second side is inclined.

[0012] Preferably, the included angle between the second side and the ground surface is 50 - 70 degrees.

[0013] The sand - catching chamber includes a support frame and a sand - blocking net covered on the support frame.

[0014] Specifically, the support frame is a goal - shaped frame, which includes a front frame, a rear frame, double - sided upper longitudinal beams and lower longitudinal beams connecting the front and rear frames, and forms a front frame surface, a rear frame surface and two goal - shaped side surfaces. The front frame includes a cross - beam and double - sided front columns, and the rear frame includes a rear upper beam, a rear lower beam and double - sided rear columns. The front frame surface faces the upwind direction. The sand - catching barrier is arranged on the cross - beam, and the sand - blocking net is covered on the second side, the top surface and two goal - shaped side surfaces.

[0015] Specifically, the goal - shaped frame can be, but is not limited to, welded members made of steel pipes or angle irons, with the characteristic of self - support, without the need for additional foundation or column support, and only needs to be placed on the gobi surface. Preferably, it can also be fixed by using fixing pins and stay ropes, and the installation process can be easily completed. This installation method has minimal interference and damage to the ground surface. By means of winding and tying, the sand - blocking net is covered on the second side, the top surface and two goal - shaped side surfaces of the frame. In this way, a goal - shaped structure is formed, constructing a three - dimensional box - type sand - catching device. The opening direction of the goal, that is, the first side, is set to face the windward side.

[0016] In some more specific embodiments, the sand - blocking net can be, but is not limited to, an HDPE net, a PLA net or a three - dimensional net. The porosity of the sand - blocking net is 30% - 50%.

[0017] In some more specific embodiments, a hinge member is provided on the cross beam, and the hinge member is used to hinge the sand-catching barrier on the cross beam to swing in a pendulum manner. The hinge member can be, but is not limited to, a hinge.

[0018] In some more specific embodiments, a plurality of cross bars are arranged between the bilateral upper longitudinal beams, and sand-catching barriers are arranged on the cross bars. The plurality of sand-catching barriers are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction.

[0019] In some more specific embodiments, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier further includes a plurality of second attachment mechanisms, and the plurality of second attachment mechanisms are intertwined with each other to form the sand-catching barrier.

[0020] Specifically, the second attachment mechanism can be understood as branches cuttaged on the sand-catching barrier. The sand-catching barrier is woven by warp and weft of branches. The porosity of the sand-catching barrier is 20% - 60%, the height range is 1.5 - 2.5 m, the width is 1.5 - 2.5 m. The branches used for weaving the sand-catching barrier are branches of shrubs such as Salix psammophila, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum scoparium, etc., with a diameter range of 0.5 - 3 cm and a branch length of 0.5 - 3 m. The branches used for cuttage can be branches of trees, shrubs, herbs and other plants. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus, Pinus, etc.; they can also be shrubs, such as Artemisia arenaria, Nitraria tangutorum, Alhagi sparsifolia, Haloxylon ammodendron, Sabina vulgaris var. sabina, etc.; they can also be herbs, such as Suaeda glauca, Agriophyllum squarrosum, etc. The branches used for cuttage can be selected as plant branches with leaves or whole plants.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention provides a non-excavation sand fixation system for Gobi regions, including a suspension type windbreak, a goal-shaped sand-catching barrier, and a suspended sand fixation component arranged in multiple strips in sequence along the main wind direction. Among them, the distance between the suspension type windbreak and the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier is d1, the distance between the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier and the suspended sand fixation component is d2, and the distance between the suspended sand fixation component and the protected object is d3. d1 < 20h1, where h1 is the height of the suspension type windbreak, and the value range of h1 is 1.5 - 2.5 m; d2 < 20h2, where h2 is the height of the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier, and the value range of h2 is 1.5 - 2.5 m; the value range of d3 is 10 - 50 m. The width of the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier in the downwind direction is L1, the width of the suspended sand fixation component in the downwind direction is L2, and the inclination angle of the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier is α. The value range of L1 is 3 - 5 m, the value range of L2 is 3 - 5 m, and the value range of α is 50 - 70 degrees.

[0022] In some more specific embodiments, the suspension type windbreak includes a support mechanism and a windbreak main body. The windbreak main body is arranged on the support mechanism and can swing in a pendulum manner. The windbreak main body can be, but is not limited to, a hanging curtain.

[0023] In some more specific embodiments, the support mechanism at least includes a cross bar and a vertical support group. The cross bar is fixed between two vertical supports, and the windbreak main body is arranged on the cross bar. Preferably, a hinge member may be arranged on the cross bar, but is not limited thereto, for hinging the windbreak main body on the cross bar to swing in a pendulum manner.

[0024] Preferably, the support mechanism further includes a fixing pin and a stay wire for fixing the vertical support on the ground surface.

[0025] Preferably, the swinging angle range of the windbreak main body is 0 to 40 degrees. The windbreak main body is a porous structure, and the porosity of the windbreak main body is 20% to 40%.

[0026] In some more specific embodiments, the hanging windbreak further includes a plurality of first attachment mechanisms, and the plurality of first attachment mechanisms are intertwined with each other to form the windbreak main body.

[0027] Specifically, the first attachment mechanism can be understood as a branch cuttaged on the windbreak main body. The windbreak main body is woven by warp and weft of branches. The porosity of the windbreak main body is 20% to 40%, the height range is 1.5 to 2.5 m, the width is 1.5 to 2.5 m. The branches used for weaving the windbreak main body are branches of shrubs such as Salix psammophila, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana korshinskii, and Hedysarum scoparium, with a diameter range of 0.5 to 3 cm and a branch length of 0.5 to 3 m. The branches used for cuttage can be branches of trees, shrubs, herbs, etc. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus, Pinus, etc.; they can also be shrubs, such as Artemisia arenaria, Nitraria tangutorum, Alhagi sparsifolia, Haloxylon ammodendron, Sabina vulgaris, etc.; they can also be herbs, such as Suaeda glauca, Agriophyllum squarrosum, etc. The branches used for cuttage can be leafy plant branches or whole plants.

[0028] In some more specific embodiments, the suspended sand fixation assembly includes a sand fixation grid and a support mechanism. The support mechanism is used to support the sand fixation grid to keep a first distance from the ground surface. A sand accumulation chamber is formed between the sand fixation grid and the ground surface. A limiting member is arranged on the support mechanism. The sand fixation grid is horizontally arranged above the limiting member. When the distance between the sand accumulation surface in the sand accumulation chamber and the sand fixation grid reaches a second distance, the limiting member vertically moves along the direction away from the ground surface on the support mechanism. Among them, the value range of the first distance is 20 to 50 cm, and the value range of the second distance is 5 to 10 cm.

[0029] In some more specific embodiments, the support mechanism includes a plurality of columns, the plurality of columns are arranged in a rectangular array, a limit rubber washer is provided on the column, the limit rubber washer is sleeved on the column, and the sand fixation grid is horizontally penetrated and fixed on the upper part of the limit rubber washer of the column, so that the sand fixation grid is kept 20-50 cm away from the ground surface.

[0030] Preferably, the column is a round pipe with an outer diameter of 1-3 cm. The layout spacing between the columns is 1-2 m, the height of the column is 1-1.5 m, the buried depth is 0.5 m, and the height exposed on the ground surface is 0.5-1 m.

[0031] In some more specific embodiments, the suspended sand fixation assembly further includes a plurality of third attachment mechanisms, and the plurality of third attachment mechanisms are intertwined with each other to form a sand fixation grid.

[0032] Specifically, the third attachment mechanism can be understood as a branch cuttaged on the sand fixation grid. The sand fixation grid is woven by branches in longitude and latitude, and the porosity of the sand fixation grid is 40%-60%. The length range depends on the length of the protected object, and the width range is 5-20 m. The branches used for weaving the sand fixation grid are branches of shrubs such as Salix psammophila, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana korshinskii, and Hedysarum scoparium, with a diameter range of 0.5-3 cm and a branch length of 0.5-3 m. The branches cuttaged on the sand fixation grid can be selected from branches of arbors, shrubs, herbs and other plants. Among them, the plant branches can be arbors, such as Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus, Pinus, etc.; they can also be shrubs, such as Artemisia desertorum, Nitraria tangutorum, Alhagi sparsifolia, Haloxylon ammodendron, Sabina vulgaris, etc.; they can also be herbs, such as Suaeda glauca, Agriophyllum squarrosum, etc. The branches used for cuttage can be selected from plant branches with leaves or whole plants.

[0033] The third aspect of the present invention provides a non-excavation sand fixation method for Gobi areas. The method is implemented based on the non-excavation sand fixation system for Gobi areas, and the sand fixation method includes:

[0034] Using a suspended windbreak, a goal-shaped sand trap, and a suspended sand fixation assembly to block and fix the dust moving towards the protected object along the main wind direction.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention at least include:

[0036] First, the present invention provides a goal-shaped sand trap, which only needs to be placed on the Gobi surface and fixed with fixing pins and stay cables to complete the installation. The Gobi surface is not excavated, and the surface disturbance is small and the damage is small. In addition, the goal-shaped sand trap is a three-dimensional box design with only a one-way opening on the windward side. The wind energy is gradually weakened by the sand trap, and the sand trap chamber is used to capture the flowing sand, so that the sand grains carried in the sand flow can only enter and not exit, thereby intercepting and fixing most of the sand flow.

[0037] Second, the present invention provides a trenchless sand fixation system for desert areas, which includes a suspended windbreak. The hanging curtains and inserted branches of the suspended windbreak can swing freely with the wind. When the sand-laden airflow impacts these hanging curtains and branches, they can absorb the energy in the sand-laden airflow and convert it into their own kinetic energy, effectively reducing the intensity of the sand-laden airflow. Under strong wind conditions, thanks to the protection of the windbreak, the goal-shaped sand trap below can remain stable and avoid being blown over by the wind.

[0038] Third, the present invention provides a trenchless sand fixation system for desert areas, which includes a suspended sand fixation component. The suspended sand fixation component consists of a sand fixation grid and a support mechanism. The role of the support mechanism is to keep a certain distance between the sand fixation grid and the ground, thus creating a space for sand grain deposition between the sand fixation grid and the ground. When the sand-carrying airflow passes through the bottom of the sand fixation grid, it will encounter the double frictional resistance of the grid and the ground, which causes the airflow velocity to decrease, enabling the sand grains to be deposited. At the same time, the branches of the grid will also intercept the airflow above, reducing its energy and prompting the sand grains to fall into the sand accumulation area below. Once the sand grains enter the sand accumulation area, it is difficult for them to be carried away by the wind again, thus effectively achieving the purpose of sand fixation.

[0039] Fourth, the present invention provides a trenchless sand fixation system for desert areas. The goal-shaped sand trap and the suspended sand fixation component can provide shade, wind protection, and moisture retention for the plants at the bottom, promoting plant growth. Its semi-closed space can also efficiently capture the seed rain in the airflow, enrich the soil seed bank in the sand accumulation, and increase the species diversity of plants. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a trenchless sand fixation system for desert areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the suspended windbreak provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the goal-shaped sand trap provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the suspended sand fixation component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a branch woven grid provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0046] 1. Suspended windbreak; 11. Triangular bracket; 111. Crossbar; 112. First hinge; 12. Hanging curtain; 121. First attachment mechanism; 13. Oblique stay wire; 14. Fixing pin; 2. Goal-shaped sand-catching barrier; 21. Goal-shaped frame; 211. Cross beam; 212. Second hinge; 22. Sand-catching net; 23. Sand-catching barrier; 231. Second attachment mechanism; 24. Upper longitudinal beam; 3. Suspended sand-fixing assembly; 31. Sand-fixing grille; 32. Column; 33. Limit rubber washer; 34. Third attachment mechanism; 4. Living plants; 5. Protected object; 6. Main wind direction; 7. Sand accumulation surface; 8. Gobi surface. Detailed implementation mode

[0047] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of this case has proposed the technical solution of the present invention through long-term research and a large number of practices. The following will further explain the technical solution, its implementation process, principle, etc.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a non-excavation sand-fixing system for Gobi areas, including a suspended windbreak 1, a goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2, and a suspended sand-fixing assembly 3 respectively arranged in the first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area. The first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area are sequentially arranged in the upwind or surrounding area of the protected object 5 along the main wind direction 6, and the first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction 6. Among them, the distances between the first strip area, the second strip area, the third strip area, and the protected object 5 are d1, d2, and d3 respectively. d1 < 20h1, where h1 is the height of the suspended windbreak, and the value range of h1 is 1.5 - 2.5m. d2 < 20h2, where h2 is the height of the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier, and the value range of h2 is 1.5 - 2.5m. The value range of d3 is 10 - 50m. The width of the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier in the downwind direction is L1, and the width of the suspended sand-fixing assembly in the downwind direction is L2. The inclination angle of the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier is α. The value range of L1 is 3 - 5m, the value range of L2 is 3 - 5m, and the value range of α is 50 - 70 degrees.

[0049] In this implementation, a protection system consisting of a suspended windbreak 1, a goal-shaped sand trap 2, and a suspended sand fixation component 3 is arranged in multiple strips in sequence along the downwind direction, and its extension direction is perpendicular to the main wind direction. First, the suspended windbreak 1 plays the role of blocking wind and sand at the front, and at the same time reduces the wind force on the downstream goal-shaped sand trap 2 to prevent it from being damaged by strong winds. Then, the goal-shaped sand trap 2 intercepts most of the sand flow passing through the gobi and forms sand piles at the rear inside. Subsequently, the suspended sand fixation component 3 fixes the remaining flowing sand. Each part of this system is easy to install. It only needs to be placed in a suitable position, drive in the fixing pins 14 and configure the stay cables 13, and it can be completed. It causes minimal damage to the gobi surface. The goal-shaped sand trap 2 and the suspended sand fixation component 3, due to the use of a storage-type space structure design, can intercept and fix a large amount of wind and sand.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 2 , the suspended windbreak 1 includes a support mechanism and a hanging curtain 12. The support mechanism at least includes a cross bar 111, a triangular support group, fixing pins 14, and stay cables 13. Specifically, the triangular support group at least includes two triangular supports 11. The triangular support 11 is welded by steel pipes or angle irons. The cross bar 111 is a square steel or angle iron and can be fixed between the two triangular supports 11 with screws to connect the two triangular supports 11 in series. Connect the stay cable 13 to the cross bar 111, pull it down from both sides of the cross bar 111, and fix the triangular support 11 on the ground surface through the fixing pins 14. A first hinge 112 is also provided on the cross bar 111, and the first hinge 112 is used to hinge the hanging curtain 12 on the cross bar 111 to swing in a pendulum manner, which can weaken the wind and sand and promote the settlement of sand grains.

[0051] The swinging angle range of the hanging curtain 12 is 0 to 40 degrees. The hanging curtain 12 is a porous structure, and the porosity of the hanging curtain 12 is 20% to 40%.

[0052] To further weaken the wind and sand, the suspended windbreak 1 further includes a plurality of first attachment mechanisms 121, and the plurality of first attachment mechanisms 121 are intertwined with each other to form the hanging curtain 12. Specifically, the first attachment mechanism 121 can be understood as branches. The hanging curtain 12 is a rectangular plate woven in a warp and weft manner with branches. In addition, branches can also be cuttaged in the pores of the hanging curtain 12. The porosity of the hanging curtain 12 is 20% to 40%, the height range is 1.5 to 2.5 m, the width is 1.5 to 2.5 m, the diameter range of the branches is 0.5 to 3 cm, and the branch length is 0.5 to 3 m.

[0053] In this implementation plan, driving the fixing drill 14 and setting the stay wire 13 can fix the triangular support 11 on the ground surface, which can reduce the damage to the Gobi ground surface. The hanging curtain 12 and the branches above it can sway with the wind. When the sand flow impacts the curtain 12 and the branches, they will absorb the energy in the sand flow and convert it into their own kinetic energy, thus reducing the intensity of the sand flow and causing some sand grains to deposit on the leeward side. The hanging windbreak 1 effectively reduces the wind force and creates a suitable wind environment to prevent the goal-shaped sand trap 2 on the downwind side from being blown over under strong wind conditions.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 , the goal-shaped sand trap 2 includes a goal-shaped frame 21 and a sand trap 23. Specifically, the goal-shaped frame includes a front frame, a rear frame, and bilateral upper longitudinal beams 24 and lower longitudinal beams connecting the front and rear frames. The front frame includes a cross beam 211 and bilateral front columns, and the rear frame includes a rear upper beam, a rear lower beam, and bilateral rear columns. The front frame faces the upwind direction. The included angle between the bilateral rear columns and the ground surface ranges from 50° to 70°.

[0055] In some implementation plans, the sand trap 23 is arranged on the cross beam 211. Multiple cross bars are arranged between the bilateral upper longitudinal beams 24, and sand traps are arranged on the cross bars. The multiple sand traps are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction.

[0056] Preferably, three sand traps can be set. The spacing between the sand traps is 1 - 1.5 m, and along the depth direction, the porosity gradually increases. The porosity ranges of the three sand traps are 20% - 40%, 30% - 50%, and 40% - 60% respectively. The first sand trap has the largest swing amplitude and the strongest wind dissipation effect. The remaining wind force is weakened by the subsequent second sand trap. By gradually weakening the wind force, sand grains settle in the sand trap chamber on the leeward side of the last sand trap, finally realizing the process of capturing and fixing the flowing sand.

[0057] Second hinges 212 are arranged on both the cross beam 211 and the cross bars. The second hinges 212 are used to hinge the sand trap on the cross beam 211 or the cross bars to swing in a pendulum manner. The rear frame surface, the top surface, and the two goal side surfaces are covered with a three-dimensional net. The porosity of the three-dimensional net is 30% - 50%. Preferably, the three-dimensional net captures sand and forms a sand accumulation surface 7, and living plants 4 are planted on the sand accumulation surface 7 to fix the sand.

[0058] To further weaken the wind and sand, the goal-shaped sand trap 2 further includes a plurality of second attachment mechanisms 231. The plurality of second attachment mechanisms 231 are intertwined to form the sand trap 23. Specifically, as Figure 5, the second attachment mechanism 231 can be understood as branches cuttaged on the sand-catching barrier. The sand-catching barrier is woven by warp and weft of branches. The porosity of the sand-catching barrier is 20% - 60%, the height range is 1.5 - 2.5 m, the width is 1.5 - 2.5 m, and the branches used for weaving the sand-catching barrier are branches of shrubs such as Salix psammophila, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum scoparium, etc., with a diameter range of 0.5 - 3 cm and a branch length of 0.5 - 3 m. The branches used for cuttage can be selected from plant branches such as arbors, shrubs, and herbs. Among them, the plant branches can be arbors, such as Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus, Pinus, etc.; they can also be shrubs, such as Artemisia arenaria, Nitraria tangutorum, Alhagi sparsifolia, Haloxylon ammodendron, Sabina vulgaris var. sabulosa, etc.; they can also be herbs, such as Suaeda glauca, Agriophyllum squarrosum, etc. The branches used for cuttage can be selected from plant branches with leaves or whole plants.

[0059] In this technical solution, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 only needs to be placed on the gobi surface 8 and fixed with the fixing pins 14 and the stay guy wires 13 to complete the installation. The gobi surface 8 is not excavated, with less disturbance and damage to the ground surface. In addition, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 is a three-dimensional box-type design, with only a one-way opening on the windward side. By gradually weakening the wind energy through the sand-catching barrier 23, it can capture the flowing sand, making the sand grains carried in the sand flow only go in and not out, and can intercept and fix most of the sand flow.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4 , the suspended sand-fixing component 3 includes a sand-fixing grille 31 and a support mechanism.

[0061] Specifically, the support mechanism includes multiple columns 32, the multiple columns 32 are arranged in a rectangular array, a limit rubber washer 33 is arranged on the column 32, the limit rubber washer 33 is sleeved on the column 32, at a height of 20 - 40 cm from the ground surface, the grille plate is horizontally penetrated and fixed on the upper part of the limit rubber washer 33 of the column 32, so that the sand-fixing grille 31 is kept 20 - 40 cm from the ground surface. A sand accumulation area is formed between the sand-fixing grille 31 and the ground surface. The column 32 is a round steel pipe with an outer diameter of 1 - 3 cm. The layout spacing between the columns 32 is 1 - 2 m, the height of the column 32 is 1 - 1.5 m, the buried depth is 0.5 m, and the height exposed above the ground surface is 0.5 - 1 m. When the top of the sand accumulation surface in the sand accumulation area is close to about 5 - 10 cm below the bottom of the sand-fixing grille 31, the sand-fixing grille 31 can be lifted manually to increase the height of the sand accumulation area and continue to fix the sand.

[0062] In order to further capture the wind and sand, the suspended sand-fixing component 3 further includes a plurality of third attachment mechanisms 34, and the plurality of third attachment mechanisms 34 are intertwined with each other to form the sand-fixing grille 31.

[0063] Specifically, the third attachment mechanism 34 can be understood as branches cuttaged on the sand fixation grid 31. The sand fixation grid is woven by branches in longitude and latitude. The porosity of the sand fixation grid is 40% - 60%. The length range depends on the length of the protected object, and the width range is 5 - 20 m. The branches used for weaving the sand fixation grid are branches of shrubs such as Salix psammophila, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana korshinskii, and Hedysarum scoparium, with a diameter range of 0.5 - 3 cm and a branch length of 0.5 - 3 m. The branches cuttaged on the sand fixation grid can be branches of arbors, shrubs, herbs, etc. Among them, the plant branches can be arbors, such as Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus, Pinus, etc.; they can also be shrubs, such as Artemisia desertorum, Nitraria tangutorum, Alhagi sparsifolia, Haloxylon ammodendron, Sabina vulgaris, etc.; they can also be herbs, such as Suaeda glauca, Agriophyllum squarrosum, etc. The branches used for cuttage can be plant branches with leaves or whole plants.

[0064] In this technical solution, a suspended design is adopted, and a sand accumulation area for storing drifting sand is formed at the bottom of the sand fixation grid 31. After the airflow carrying sand grains enters the bottom of the sand fixation grid 31, it will be subject to the double frictional resistance of the sand fixation grid 31 and the ground surface, resulting in a decrease in its speed, thereby causing the drifting sand to deposit. At the same time, the airflow at the top will also be blocked by the branches, further reducing the energy and prompting the sand grains to fall into the sand accumulation area. Once the sand grains drill into the sand accumulation area, due to the structure of the sand fixation grid 31, they can only enter but cannot be taken out, thus enhancing the sand fixation effect. By planting plants in the sand accumulation area, the bottom of the sand fixation grid 31 can provide a shaded, wind-blocking, and moisture-preserving environment for these plants, which helps the rapid growth of the plants. A limit rubber washer 33 is installed on the column 32. When the sand accumulation reaches a certain thickness, the limit rubber washer 33 can be adjusted to prevent the suspended sand fixation assembly 3 from being buried by sand. Once the plants in the sand accumulation area can fix the sand, the suspended sand fixation assembly 3 can be transferred to other areas that need protection to achieve its reuse.

[0065] In summary, in the non-excavation sand fixation system for the gobi area disclosed in this application, along the main wind direction, the porosity of different strip areas increases successively, specifically: the porosity of the suspended windbreak is 20% - 40%, the porosity of the goal-shaped sand trap is 30% - 50%, and the porosity of the suspended sand fixation component is 40% - 60%. This design enables each structure to achieve the optimal wind blocking and sand fixation effects respectively. Specifically, due to its relatively low porosity, the suspended windbreak can generate a strong pendulum motion under the action of wind, thereby effectively reducing the wind force; if its porosity is too high, the wind force will directly penetrate, resulting in a weakened pendulum motion and thus reducing the wind energy reduction effect. The main purpose of this measure is to reduce the wind speed on the leeward side and reduce the wind resistance for the semi-closed structure, the goal-shaped sand barrier, in the downwind direction. The porosity of the goal-shaped sand trap is at a medium level, and it can generate a moderate pendulum motion under the action of wind, having a medium wind reduction effect; at the same time, the semi-closed structure in the downwind direction can also play a certain auxiliary wind blocking role. The main function of the semi-closed structure is to store and fix the drifting sand, preventing the sand grains that have been fixed from being re-suspended and escaping from the structure. The suspended sand fixation component has the largest porosity and the widest distribution range. Its horizontal layout is mainly aimed at blocking the dragging effect of the upper airflow on the ground surface, ensuring the fixation of the drifting sand in the bottom sand accumulation chamber and preventing re-suspension, so it is designed to be more porous.

[0066] A non-excavation sand fixation method for the gobi area, the method is implemented based on the non-excavation sand fixation system for the gobi area, and the sand fixation method includes:

[0067] Set the first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area. Among them, the first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area are arranged successively in the upwind direction or the surrounding area of the protected object along the main wind direction. The first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the main wind direction. Among them, the distance between the suspended windbreak and the goal-shaped sand trap is d1, the distance between the goal-shaped sand trap and the suspended sand fixation component is d2, and the distance between the suspended sand fixation component and the protected object is d3. d1 < 20h1, where h1 is the height of the suspended windbreak, and the value range of h1 is 1.5 - 2.5m. d2 < 20h2, where h2 is the height of the goal-shaped sand trap, and the value range of h2 is 1.5 - 2.5m. The value range of d3 is 10 - 50m. The width of the goal-shaped sand trap in the downwind direction is L1, the width of the suspended sand fixation component in the downwind direction is L2, the inclination angle of the goal-shaped sand trap is α, the value range of L1 is 3 - 5m, the value range of L2 is 3 - 5m, and the value range of α is 50 - 70 degrees.

[0068] A hanging windbreak is set in the first strip-shaped area, a goal-shaped sand trap is set in the second strip-shaped area, and a suspended sand fixation component is set in the third strip-shaped area. The hanging windbreak, the goal-shaped sand trap, and the suspended sand fixation component are used to block the dust moving towards the protected object along with the wind direction, and plant branches are cuttaged on the hanging windbreak, the goal-shaped sand trap, and the suspended sand fixation component to fix the dust.

[0069] In some embodiments, the construction technology of the artificial armor layer on the gobi surface can also be adopted to harden the damaged gobi surface due to rolling or trampling and the construction roads. This can effectively capture and fix the gobi sand flow and prevent wind erosion and sand raising in the project area. The above-mentioned sand fixation method can not only capture the wind and sand, but also effectively protect the gobi surface.

[0070] In some embodiments, the sand fixation method further includes: covering the surface of the patchy damaged gobi surface 8 with a clay gravel slurry. Specifically, self-leveling or cement is used to mix fine particle powder accessories such as attapulgite, bentonite, slag, zeolite powder, and fly ash to prepare a thin paste-like cement slurry. It is evenly poured on the construction road or the damaged gobi surface in patches, so that it can penetrate into the gaps between the gravels, with a depth of up to 5-10 cm, to form a near-surface hardening layer. When subjected to vehicle rolling or pedestrian trampling, this near-surface hardening layer exhibits high strength and integrity, effectively protecting the underlying sand grains from being exposed on the ground surface, thereby playing a role in preventing wind erosion and preventing dust from flying.

[0071] By forming a hardening layer with a certain depth on the gobi surface, it can effectively protect the gobi from external forces such as wind erosion, trampling, and rolling, reduce the phenomenon of wind erosion and sand raising, and thus reduce the risk of the downstream protected object being buried by sand. The added fine particle substances such as attapulgite, bentonite, slag, zeolite powder, and fly ash can fill the gaps between the cement mortar particles, making the cement stone structure more compact, thereby improving the later strength and durability of the cement to a certain extent, and at the same time reducing the hydration heat. In particular, some fine particle substances such as bentonite can react with calcium hydroxide during the cement hydration process to generate substances with gelling properties, further enhancing the later strength of the cement. In addition to improving the cement performance, the use of these fine particle substances can also promote the recycling of waste materials, save resources, and reduce environmental pollution. When the mixing ratio of the fine particle substances such as attapulgite, bentonite, slag, zeolite powder, and fly ash to cement reaches 3:7, the best strength performance can be achieved.

[0072] In some embodiments, the sand fixation method further includes: soaking the grid plates included in the hanging windbreak, the goal-shaped sand trap, and the suspended sand fixation component in asphalt or performing surface carbonization treatment. This can improve the strength and service life of the grid plates.

[0073] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A goal - type sand - trapping barrier, comprising a wind - blocking unit and a sand - trapping unit. The wind - blocking unit includes at least one sand - trapping barrier. The sand - trapping unit includes a sand - trapping chamber, the entrance of the sand - trapping chamber faces the main wind direction, the sand - trapping barrier is arranged at the entrance and / or inside of the sand - trapping chamber, and the sand - trapping barrier can swing in a pendulum - like manner.

2. The goal-shaped sand-catching barrier according to claim 1, wherein The wind - blocking unit includes a plurality of sand - trapping barriers, and the plurality of sand - trapping barriers are sequentially arranged at intervals along the depth direction of the sand - trapping chamber. The depth direction is the direction from the entrance of the sand - trapping chamber pointing to the inside of the sand - trapping chamber.

3. The goal-shaped sand trapping barrier according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spacing between the sand - trapping barriers is 1 - 1.5 m, and the porosity of the sand - trapping barrier is 20% - 60%, and / or the porosity of the sand - trapping barrier increases sequentially along the depth direction.

4. The goal-shaped sand-catching barrier according to claim 1, wherein The sand - trapping chamber includes a first side and a second side arranged oppositely. The entrance is arranged on the first side, and the second side is inclined.

5. The goal-shaped sand-catching barrier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The included angle between the second side and the ground surface is 50 - 70 degrees, and / or the sand - trapping chamber includes a support frame and a sand - blocking net covered on the support frame.

6. A trenchless sand fixation system for Gobi regions, characterized in that, It includes a hanging wind - blocking barrier, a goal - type sand - trapping barrier, and a suspended sand - fixing component arranged in sequence along the main wind direction. Among them, the distance between the hanging wind - blocking barrier and the goal - type sand - trapping barrier is d1, the distance between the goal - type sand - trapping barrier and the suspended sand - fixing component is d2, and the distance between the suspended sand - fixing component and the protected object is d3. d1 < 20h1, where h1 is the height of the hanging wind - blocking barrier, and the value range of h1 is 1.5 - 2.5 m. d2 < 20h2, where h2 is the height of the goal - type sand - trapping barrier, and the value range of h2 is 1.5 - 2.5 m. The value range of d3 is 10 - 50 m. The width of the goal - type sand - trapping barrier in the downwind direction is L1, the width of the suspended sand - fixing component in the downwind direction is L2, the inclination angle of the goal - type sand - trapping barrier is α. The value range of L1 is 3 - 5 m, the value range of L2 is 3 - 5 m, and the value range of α is 50 - 70 degrees.

7. The trenchless sand fixation system for Gobi regions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hanging wind - blocking barrier includes a support mechanism and a wind - blocking main body. The wind - blocking main body is arranged on the support mechanism and can swing in a pendulum - like manner.

8. The trenchless sand fixation system for Gobi regions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes at least a cross - bar and a group of vertical supports. The cross - bar is fixed between two vertical supports, and the wind - blocking main body is arranged on the cross - bar. and / or, the swing angle range of the wind - blocking main body is 0 - 40 degrees. and / or, the wind - blocking main body is a porous structure, and the porosity of the wind - blocking main body is 20% - 40%. and / or, the hanging wind - blocking barrier further includes a plurality of first attachment mechanisms, and the plurality of first attachment mechanisms are intertwined with each other to form the wind - blocking main body.

9. The trenchless sand fixation system for Gobi regions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The suspended sand - fixing component includes a sand - fixing grille and a support mechanism. The support mechanism is used to support the sand - fixing grille to keep a first distance from the ground surface. A sand - accumulating chamber is formed between the sand - fixing grille and the ground surface. A limiting member is arranged on the support mechanism. The sand - fixing grille is horizontally arranged above the limiting member. When the accumulated sand surface in the sand - accumulating chamber reaches a second distance from the sand - fixing grille, the limiting member vertically moves in the support mechanism in a direction away from the ground surface. Among them, the value range of the first distance is 20 - 50 cm, and the value range of the second distance is 5 - 10 cm.

10. A trenchless sand fixation method for Gobi regions, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the trenchless sand fixation system for Gobi regions described in any one of claims 6-9, and the sand fixation method includes: Using a suspended windbreak, a goal net-shaped sand trap, and a suspended sand fixation component to block the dust moving towards the protected object with the main wind direction.

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