Method for anchoring thermal insulation layer on cast-in-place wall by adopting composite material
By using FRP rib anchor bolts as the main structure of the anchor bolt, the problems of large heat loss and prone to aging of the plastic expansion pipe + steel nail structure in the prior art are solved, and the stable connection of the insulation layer of high-rise buildings is achieved to meet energy saving and safety needs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410073469.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the structure of plastic expansion pipe + steel nails cannot effectively meet the anchoring force requirements of the insulation layer of high-rise buildings, resulting in large heat loss. The plastic expansion pipe is prone to aging and difficult to stabilize for a long time, and cannot meet the energy-saving and safety needs of modern buildings.
FRP rib anchor bolts are used as the main structure of the anchor bolt, and thermosetting resin is used as the matrix and low thermal conductivity reinforcement fibers are used as the reinforcement phase to produce FRP rib anchor bolts. They have strong binding force and low thermal conductivity, and can form a stable anchor bolt assembly with the pallet body, penetrate through the insulation layer and penetrate deep into the base wall to achieve a firm connection.
Significantly reduce heat loss, improve anchoring force, extend service life, meet the energy saving and safety requirements of modern buildings, and achieve long-term stability of composite insulation layer and foundation wall.
Smart Images
Figure CN120331384A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building thermal insulation layers, and in particular relates to a method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall by using a composite material. Background Art
[0002] In 1986, my country promulgated and began to implement the first industry standard aimed at promoting building energy conservation, "Civil Building Energy Conservation Design Standard (Heating Residential Building Part)" (JGJ26-86), marking the official launch of my country's building energy conservation work. At present, the country builds nearly 1 to 2 billion square meters of new urban and rural buildings each year, of which public buildings are about 300 to 400 million square meters. Existing buildings exceed 60 billion square meters, and more than 50% are high-energy-consuming buildings.
[0003] At present, my country's building energy consumption has approached 1 / 4 of the country's total energy consumption, and will gradually increase to 1 / 3. This will seriously affect the achievement of my country's "dual carbon" goals on schedule. Therefore, the building insulation layer has shown a trend of becoming thicker and more technically content.
[0004] Although researchers at home and abroad have been committed to breaking through the technical difficulties of weight reduction, flame retardancy and cost-controlled insulation materials, there is currently no single material on the market that can simultaneously meet the use requirements of external insulation layers of high-rise buildings in northern regions in terms of energy saving and insulation (75% or 85% energy saving standard), safety and fire prevention, waterproofness, long-term stability and cost.
[0005] The insulation layer installation technology used in the past is: drill a hole in the wall, insert a plastic expansion tube with a tray into the hole, and then drive a steel nail into the reserved hole in the center of the plastic expansion tube to expand the plastic expansion tube and squeeze the hole wall on the wall to achieve anchoring by friction, mainly relying on the steel nail to bear the tensile and shear loads.
[0006] As the weight of the composite functional layer increases significantly, the structure of plastic expansion tube + steel nails has several problems: First, the steel nails must extend from the outermost layer close to the composite insulation layer to the inside of the wall, otherwise they cannot effectively bear the tensile and shear loads. However, the thermal conductivity of the steel nails is as high as k 钢 =40~50W / (m·K), diameter 6mm, 10 steel nails are needed for each square meter of composite insulation layer, then the cross-sectional area of steel nails in the exterior wall per square meter reaches S 钢 =0.0002826m 2 , heat transfer of steel nails per square meter of composite insulation layer: Q 钢 =k 钢 ×S 钢 =0.0113~0.01413 (W· m) / K; thermal conductivity of thermal insulation polystyrene board k 苯 =0.03W / (m·K), heat transfer of thermal insulation board per square meter of composite thermal insulation layer: Q 苯=k 苯 ×1 = 0.03 (W·m) / K, the additional heat loss Q caused by steel nails 钢 / Q 苯 = 37.67 - 47.1%, that is: the existence of steel nails increases the energy loss of the exterior wall insulation layer of modern buildings by 37.67 - 47.1%. One of China's dual-carbon goals is to achieve energy conservation of 75% - 95% for new and existing buildings. The insulation layer installation technology of plastic expansion tubes + steel nails seriously hinders the achievement of this goal.
[0007] Secondly, the anchoring force of the structure of plastic expansion tubes + steel nails can no longer meet the requirements, and the tensile pull-out force is small. The current national standard stipulates that the tensile pull-out force F of a single anchor bolt ≥ 0.6 KN. According to the existing technology, to achieve energy conservation of 75% - 95% for buildings, the total thickness of the composite insulation layer needs to reach about 250 mm, and the total anchoring force of 10 anchor bolts per square meter is 6 KN, which is difficult to be stable for a long time. The weak point lies in the insufficient strength of the all-plastic tray integrally formed with the plastic expansion tube.
[0008] Thirdly, both the plastic expansion tube and the all-plastic tray integrally formed with it are products of thermoplastic polymer materials. Creep (a phenomenon in which strain continues to increase with time) will occur after being stressed. Creep causes the plastic structure to continuously deform and the bearing capacity to decrease; aging will occur during long-term service, making its strength lower and lower. After a certain number of years, the strength decline is serious, the anchoring will fail, and the composite functional layer is prone to falling off and other phenomena, causing economic losses and endangering environmental safety, resulting in the composite functional layer not being able to have the same lifespan as the building.
[0009] In modern energy-saving requirements in northern China, the indicators are generally based on a 490-mm-thick brick-concrete solid wall. If the heat dissipation loss of the energy-saving building wall is reduced by 75%, it is called 75 energy-saving, and so on.
[0010] FRP reinforcement bars, which are composite materials with thermosetting resin as the matrix and fibers as the reinforcing phase, include: GFRP reinforcement bars are composite materials with thermosetting resin as the matrix and glass fibers as the reinforcing phase; AFRP reinforcement bars are composite materials with thermosetting resin as the matrix and aramid fibers as the reinforcing phase; BFRP reinforcement bars are composite materials with thermosetting resin as the matrix and basalt fibers as the reinforcing phase..
[0011] GFRP reinforcement bars are the most commonly used and have the highest cost performance. Their thermal conductivity is k G = 0.712 - 1.34 W / (m·K). If the diameter of the reinforcement bar anchor bolt is 10 mm and 10 GFRP reinforcement bar anchor bolts are required per square meter of the insulation layer, then the cross-sectional area occupied by GFRP reinforcement bars per square meter of the exterior wall reaches S G = 0.000785 m 2 1 m 2The heat transfer caused by the GFRP rebar anchor bolts in the wall is: Q G =k G ×S G = 0.0006 - 0.0011 (W·m) / K; The thermal conductivity k of the thermal insulation polystyrene board 苯 = 0.03 W / (m·K), 1m 2 The heat transfer of the thermal insulation polystyrene board in the wall is: Q 苯 =k 苯 ×S 苯 = 0.03 (W·m) / K, The additional heat loss Q caused by the GFRP rebar G / Q 苯 = 2 - 3.7%. Obviously, using GFRP rebar anchor bolts to replace the insulation layer anchoring method of plastic expansion tubes + steel nails is of decisive significance for achieving 75% - 95% energy conservation in modern buildings.
[0012] CN201921912117.1 discloses "External Thermal Insulation Device for Building Energy Conservation Renovation". The diameters of both the installation hole 11 and the through hole 15 are ten millimeters, and the fixing bolt 8 is threadedly connected to the thermal insulation board 2, the mesh cloth board 3, and the moisture absorption and sound insulation board 4. The fixing bolt 8 is inserted into the installation hole 11 from the outside and sequentially passes through the moisture absorption and sound insulation board 4, the polystyrene board 12, the polyurethane board 13, the mesh cloth board 3, and the extruded polystyrene board 14 in a spiral manner and extends into the interior of the wall 1, and then is fixed to it in a threaded manner.
[0013] CN01103568.4 discloses "External Thermal Insulation and Energy Conservation Technology for Building Exterior Wall Hanging Panels". One of the technical features is the use of non - metal expansion bolts (abbreviated as FP bolts), selecting SBS (engineering plastic) for the bolt rod, nut, and washer, and another polyethylene material for the expansion tube.
[0014] This design selects SBS (engineering plastic) for the bolt rod, which can solve the "cold - bridge effect" problem. However, the low strength, low stiffness, and easy aging problems of SBS itself determine that it cannot meet the needs of modern composite insulation layer anchoring. Summary of the Invention
[0015] The key to anchoring the composite insulation layer is to avoid using materials with high thermal conductivity of metals inside the anchor bolts on the basis of ensuring firm and durable bonding with the wall, and to minimize the heat - conducting cross - sectional area of the anchor bolts, thereby reducing the heat dissipation loss caused by the anchor bolts.
[0016] Therefore, in this case, a method for anchoring the insulation layer on the cast - in - place wall using composite materials is designed.
[0017] For example: replacing the current structure of plastic expansion tubes + steel nails with FRP rebars.
[0018] The specific method is as follows: Using a thermosetting resin as the matrix and low thermal conductivity reinforcing fibers as the reinforcing phase, an FRP rebar anchor bolt is manufactured. The FRP rebar anchor bolt serves as the main structure of the anchor bolt that penetrates the thermal insulation functional layer and extends into the base wall. The volume ratio of the internal reinforcing fibers is not less than 25%, and at least 30% of the reinforcing fibers are oriented at an angle of less than 5° with the length direction of the anchor bolt. The thermal conductivity k of the FRP anchor bolt rod is ≤2W / (m·K), the tensile strength is ≥300MPa, the shear strength is ≥60MPa, the bonding force F1 between the FRP rebar anchor bolt and the base wall under the pulling action is ≥0.6KN, the bonding force F2 between the FRP rebar anchor bolt and the tray body is ≥0.6KN. Under normal use conditions, after 70 years, the attenuation rate of the above indicators is not greater than 30%.
[0019] The optimized design is that the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt adopt inorganic non-metallic fiber materials or organic polymer materials without electronic thermal conductivity.
[0020] The optimized design is that the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt adopt glass fiber materials, that is: glass fiber-reinforced resin composite material GFRP.
[0021] The optimized design is that the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt adopt basalt fiber materials, that is: basalt fiber-reinforced resin composite material BFRP.
[0022] The optimized design is that the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt adopt organic fiber materials without electronic thermal conductivity, including aramid fibers, that is: aramid fiber-reinforced resin composite material AFRP.
[0023] The optimized design is that the matrix resin of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt adopts a thermosetting organic resin and is in a cured state after manufacturing. The microscopic change is that the thermosetting organic resin polymer crosslinks from a linear structure into a spatial three-dimensional structure, and the curing process is irreversible, with a slow aging rate in the natural environment.
[0024] The optimized design is that the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt can be combined with the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray.
[0025] The optimized design is that the outer cylindrical surface of the fiber-reinforced resin composite material FRP rebar anchor bolt has external threads, and its external threads can be matched with the internal threads of the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray body.
[0026] The optimized design is that the tray body is made of a thermosetting resin material and has excellent durability.
[0027] The optimized design is that the tray body is made of FRP material and has excellent durability.
[0028] The optimized design is that the tray body is made of stainless steel material, with excellent durability.
[0029] The optimized design is that the tray body is an integral part composed of a tray and a pipe.
[0030] The optimized design is that the tray body is combined with a ribbed bar to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray.
[0031] The optimized design is that the anchor bolt assembly with a tray body is applied to the connection between the cast-in-place concrete wall and the insulation layer, penetrates the insulation layer and extends into the cast-in-place concrete wall, and plays the role of firmly combining the insulation layer with the cast-in-place concrete wall. Description of the Drawings
[0032] Figure 1 In the figure, the tray body 1 is an integral part composed of a tray 2 and a pipe 3, the FRP ribbed bar anchor bolt 4, and the tray body 1 is prefabricated with the FRP ribbed bar anchor bolt 4 at a set position. This set position is on one side of the FRP ribbed bar anchor bolt 4, and the FRP ribbed bar anchor bolt 4 on this side passes through the tray body 1 and still has a part exposed outside the tray 2.
[0033] Figure 2 In the figure, the anchor bolt assembly penetrates the insulation layer 5 with a thickness of A, B is the length of the tray body 1, the cylinder 2 penetrates into the insulation layer 5, and A×90%≥B.
[0034] Figure 3 In the figure, 6 is the left formwork, 7 is the prefabricated hole on the left formwork 6, 8 is the left locking part, 9 is the right formwork, 10 is the prefabricated hole on the right formwork 9, 11 is the right locking part, and 12 is the cast-in-place base wall.
[0035] Figure 4 In the figure, after the cast-in-place base wall 12 is cured, all the locking parts and formworks on both sides are removed, the exposed part of the FRP ribbed bar anchor bolt 4 outside the wall surface is cut off, and the insulation layer 5 and the cast-in-place base wall 12 are integrated by the connection of the anchor bolt assembly. Embodiment
[0036] The first step is to connect the FRP ribbed bar anchor bolt 4 and the tray body 1 into an anchor bolt assembly.
[0037] The second step is to penetrate the anchor bolt assembly through the insulation layer 5 with a thickness of A at the designed position until the tray 2 abuts against the insulation layer 5, and the length B of the tray body 1 does not exceed 90% of the thickness A of the insulation layer 5.
[0038] In the third step, pass the left end of the FRP tendon bolt 4 through the prefabricated hole 7 of the left template 6, install the left locking member 8 to lock the left end of the FRP tendon bolt 4, pass the right end of the FRP tendon bolt through the prefabricated hole 10 of the right template 9, install the right locking member 11 to lock the right end of the FRP tendon bolt, and then pour the cast-in-place base wall 12.
[0039] In the fourth step, after the cast-in-place base wall 12 reaches the curing condition, remove the left locking member 8 and the left template 6 at the left end of the FRP tendon bolt 4, remove the right locking member 11 and the right template 9 at the right end of the FRP tendon bolt 4, cut off the parts of the FRP tendon bolt 4 that protrude above the wall surface on both the left and right sides, and the insulation layer 5 and the cast-in-place base wall 12 form an integral body by relying on the connection of the anchor bolt assembly.
Claims
1. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material, belonging to the technology of anchoring the thermal insulation layer on the wall, characterized in that: The composite FRP tendon anchor bolt serves as the main structure of the anchor bolt that penetrates the thermal insulation functional layer and extends into the base wall. The volume ratio of its internal reinforcing fibers is not less than 25%. At least 30% of the reinforcing fibers are oriented at an angle less than 5° with the length direction of the anchor bolt. The thermal conductivity k of the FRP tendon anchor bolt is ≤2W / (m·K), the tensile breaking strength is ≥300MPa, the shear strength is ≥60MPa. Under the pulling action, the bonding force F1 between the FRP tendon anchor bolt and the base wall is ≥0.6KN, and the bonding force F2 between the FRP tendon anchor bolt and the tray body is ≥0.6KN. The anchor bolt assembly formed by connecting the FRP tendon anchor bolt (4) and the tray body (1) penetrates the thermal insulation layer (5) with a thickness of (A) at the designed position until the tray (2) abuts tightly against the thermal insulation layer (5). The length (B) of the tray body (1) does not exceed 90% of the thickness (A) of the thermal insulation layer (5). The left end of the FRP tendon anchor bolt (4) passes through the prefabricated hole (7) of the left template (6), and the left locking member (8) is installed to lock the left end of the FRP tendon anchor bolt (4). The right end of the FRP tendon anchor bolt (4) passes through the prefabricated hole (10) of the right template (9), and the right locking member (11) is installed to lock the right end of the FRP tendon anchor bolt (4). Subsequently, the cast-in-place base wall (12) is poured. After the cast-in-place base wall (12) is cured, all the locking members and templates on both sides are removed, and the parts of the FRP tendon anchor bolt (4) protruding above the wall surface on the left and right sides are cut off. The thermal insulation layer (5) and the cast-in-place base wall (12) form an integral body by relying on the connection of the anchor bolt assembly.
2. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt inorganic non-metallic fiber materials or organic polymer materials without electronic thermal conductivity.
3. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The matrix resin of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopts thermosetting organic resin and is in a cured state after manufacturing. The microscopic change is that the thermosetting organic resin polymer crosslinks from a linear structure into a spatial three-dimensional structure, and the curing process is irreversible, and the aging speed in the natural environment is slow.
4. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tray body (1) is made of stainless steel material and has excellent durability.
5. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt glass fiber materials, that is, glass fiber-reinforced resin composite GFRP.
6. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt basalt fiber materials, that is, basalt fiber-reinforced resin composite BFRP.
7. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt organic fiber materials without electronic thermal conductivity, including aramid fibers, that is, aramid fiber-reinforced resin composite AFRP.
8. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt can be combined with the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray.
9. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The outer cylindrical surface of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt has external threads, and its external threads can cooperate with the internal threads of the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray body.
10. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The tray body is made of FRP material and has excellent durability.
11. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on a cast-in-place wall using a composite material as described in claim 1, wherein: The tray body is made of thermosetting resin material and has excellent durability.