Light building template material with adjustable elasticity and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of template material preparation, in particular to a light building template material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. According to the sandwich structure light building template material with the self-adaptive anti-seismic performance, multiple innovative technologies such as memory alloy, a micro air bag and a gradient density honeycomb structure are adopted, the elasticity and the cushioning capacity can be adjusted according to the vibration strength, the application performance of the building template material in anti-seismic performance is greatly improved, and the application range of the building template material is widened. Wide application prospects are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of template material preparation, and in particular to a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of building structures such as walls, roofs or floors in the construction industry and the continuous improvement of the performance requirements of building formwork materials, lightweight, high-strength and environmentally friendly building formwork materials have gradually become the mainstream demand of the market, especially in the application of lightweight interior wall partition materials. Lightweight building formwork materials came into being in this context. The formwork material itself is made of three or more layers of single boards or thin plates through hot pressing with adhesive stickers, and has the characteristics of high strength and good durability. However, the limitations of traditional building formwork materials in performance are mainly reflected in the multi-dimensional performance shortcomings caused by its inherent structural characteristics and process constraints. In terms of elastic performance, due to the use of a single-board stacking structure with uniform thickness, its anisotropic characteristics make it difficult for the formwork material to form a gradient deformation response when subjected to force. When subjected to complex loads or dynamic impacts, the elastic modulus of traditional formwork materials is unevenly distributed, and brittle fracture is often caused by local stress concentration. For example, in the application of large truss structures, the formwork materials at the node parts are prone to irreversible plastic deformation under cyclic loads due to the lack of variable elastic recovery ability, which seriously affects the safety life of the structure.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a lightweight building formwork material whose mechanical properties can be adjusted according to different needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned existing technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. The lightweight building board is a new type of sandwich structure. The first layer is made of high-density wood material to provide strength and rigidity; the middle layer is formed by combining foam material and memory metal to provide deformation ability and adaptive force; the third layer is a gradient density honeycomb structure to achieve elastic adjustment and vibration absorption effects.

[0005] The invention discloses a method for preparing a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0006] S1 Raw material preparation: clean and polish the wood surface to remove impurities and dry it; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, then add the foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to generate a lightweight foam template material;

[0007] S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood, lightweight foam template material, and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene processed in step S1. Stack the wood, lightweight foam template material, and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at once and then laminate them. Add a curing agent between each layer during the lamination process, control the lamination temperature and pressure, and obtain an interlayer after the lamination ends.

[0008] S3 Preparation of lightweight building template material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, then put the interlayer embedded with micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing, set the curing temperature and curing time, take it out after the curing ends and polish the surface to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0009] Preferably, in the raw material preparation step S1, the shape memory metal is nickel-titanium alloy.

[0010] Preferably, in the raw material preparation step S1, the foaming temperature is 30 - 60 °C.

[0011] Preferably, in the raw material preparation step S1, the foaming time after adding the foaming agent is 2 - 3 h.

[0012] Preferably, in the raw material preparation step S1, the mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:(90 - 100).

[0013] Preferably, in the interlayer manufacturing step S2, the curing agent is modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, that is, the activity of the isocyanate group on diphenylmethane diisocyanate is modified.

[0014] Preferably, in the interlayer manufacturing step S2, the lamination temperature is 150 - 180 °C.

[0015] Preferably, in the interlayer manufacturing step S2, the lamination pressure is 2 - 5 MPa.

[0016] Preferably, in the preparation step S3 of the lightweight building template material, the curing temperature is 80 - 100 °C; the curing time is 1 - 3 h.

[0017] A lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, which is prepared by the preparation method of any of the above-mentioned lightweight building template materials with adjustable elasticity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention provides a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. The present invention proposes a novel sandwich-structured formwork material. The board comprises a plurality of functional layers. The outer layer is made of high-density wood or reinforced cellulose formwork material, which has relatively high strength and rigidity. The middle interlayer uses a deformable lightweight foam formwork material and memory alloy is added, which has a certain deformation ability and self-adaptive ability. The memory alloy (such as nickel-titanium alloy) can adjust its rigidity through temperature change during vibration. The core layer is a gradient-density honeycomb structure, and the density gradually increases from the center to the outside to achieve better elasticity adjustment and vibration absorption effect. This board has self-adaptive elasticity, can automatically adjust the deformation ability according to the stress intensity, further adjusts the pressure by embedding micro air bags, and also achieves the effects of absorbing and alleviating vibration. It can be used as a formwork material for lightweight interior wall partitions in buildings, playing a certain role in self-adaptation, self-repair and earthquake-resistant shock mitigation, and also having a certain elasticity.

[0020] In the S1 raw material preparation step, memory metal is added to the foam raw material liquid and then foamed to form a lightweight foam formwork material, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the memory metal in the lightweight foam formwork material, avoiding the phenomenon of local denseness or sparseness and affecting the elasticity adjustment effect of the foam layer. In the S2 interlayer manufacturing step, the curing agent used is modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Using this curing agent can achieve rapid curing at low temperature, and the curing agent undergoes a cross-linking reaction with the polymer in the middle layer to further improve the mechanical properties of the formwork material. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following embodiments are provided to better further understand the present invention, and are not limited to the best implementation mode, and do not constitute a limitation to the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art features falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] For those not specifying specific experimental steps or conditions in the embodiments, the operations or conditions of the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in this field can be followed. For the reagents or instruments not specifying the manufacturer, they are all conventional reagent products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0023] Example 1: A preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1 raw material preparation: Clean, polish and remove impurities from the wood surface and dry it; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of the memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:90, then add a foaming agent and control the foaming temperature at 30 °C and the foaming time at 2 h to generate a lightweight foam formwork material.

[0025] S2 Interlayer Manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and lightweight foam template material processed in step S1, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene. The density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside. Stack the wood, lightweight foam template material, and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at once and then perform lamination. During the lamination process, add curing agent modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate between each layer. Control the lamination temperature at 150 °C, the lamination pressure at 2 MPa, and the lamination time at 3 h. After the lamination is completed, an interlayer is obtained.

[0026] S3 Lightweight Building Template Material Preparation: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer with the embedded micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing. Set the curing temperature at 80 °C; the curing time is 1 h. After the curing is completed, take it out and polish the surface to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0027] Example 2: A preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, including the following steps:

[0028] S1 Raw Material Preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities, and dry the wood surface; anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking. The mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:92. Then add a foaming agent and control the foaming temperature at 35 °C and the foaming time at 2.2 h to generate the lightweight foam template material.

[0029] S2 Interlayer Manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and lightweight foam template material processed in step S1, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene. The density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside. Stack the wood, lightweight foam template material, and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at once and then perform lamination. During the lamination process, add curing agent modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate between each layer. Control the lamination temperature at 155 °C, the lamination pressure at 2.5 MPa, and the lamination time at 3.2 h. After the lamination is completed, an interlayer is obtained.

[0030] S3 Lightweight Building Template Material Preparation: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer with the embedded micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing. Set the curing temperature at 85 °C; the curing time is 1.5 h. After the curing is completed, take it out and polish the surface to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0031] Example 3: A preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, including the following steps:

[0032] S1 Raw material preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities and dry the wood surface; anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, where the mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:94. Then add a foaming agent, control the foaming temperature at 40 °C, and the foaming time at 2.4 h to produce a lightweight foam template material.

[0033] S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and lightweight foam template material processed in step S1, and cut the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, where the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at one time and then perform lamination. During the lamination process, add a curing agent, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, between each layer, control the lamination temperature at 160 °C, the lamination pressure at 3 MPa, and the lamination time at 3.4 h. After the lamination is completed, an interlayer is obtained.

[0034] S3 Preparation of lightweight building template material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer with the embedded micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing, set the curing temperature at 90 °C; the curing time is 2 h. After the curing is completed, take it out and polish the surface to obtain a lightweight building template material.

[0035] Example 4: A preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, including the following steps:

[0036] S1 Raw material preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities and dry the wood surface; anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, where the mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:96. Then add a foaming agent, control the foaming temperature at 45 °C, and the foaming time at 2.6 h to produce a lightweight foam template material.

[0037] S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and lightweight foam template material processed in step S1, and cut the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, where the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at one time and then perform lamination. During the lamination process, add a curing agent, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, between each layer, control the lamination temperature at 165 °C, the lamination pressure at 3.5 MPa, and the lamination time at 3.6 h. After the lamination is completed, an interlayer is obtained.

[0038] S3 Preparation of lightweight building template material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer with the embedded micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing, set the curing temperature at 95 °C; the curing time is 2.5 h. After the curing is completed, take it out and polish the surface to obtain a lightweight building template material.

[0039] Example 5: A preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1 Raw material preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities and dry the wood surface; anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, where the mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:98. Then add a foaming agent, control the foaming temperature at 50 °C, and the foaming time at 2.8 h to generate a lightweight foam formwork material.

[0041] S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and the lightweight foam formwork material processed in step S1, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, where the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; stack the wood, the lightweight foam formwork material and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at one time and then perform lamination. During the lamination process, add a curing agent, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, between each layer, control the lamination temperature at 170 °C, the lamination pressure at 4 MPa, and the lamination time at 3.8 h. After the lamination is completed, an interlayer is obtained.

[0042] S3 Preparation of lightweight building formwork material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer embedded with micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing, set the curing temperature at 100 °C; the curing time is 3 h. After the curing is completed, take it out and polish the surface to obtain a lightweight building formwork material.

[0043] Example 6: A preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1 Raw material preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities and dry the wood surface; anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, where the mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:100. Then add a foaming agent, control the foaming temperature at 55 °C, and the foaming time at 3 h to generate a lightweight foam formwork material.

[0045] S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and the lightweight foam formwork material processed in step S1, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, where the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; stack the wood, the lightweight foam formwork material and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at one time and then perform lamination. During the lamination process, add a curing agent, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, between each layer, control the lamination temperature at 175 °C, the lamination pressure at 4.5 MPa, and the lamination time at 4 h. After the lamination is completed, an interlayer is obtained.

[0046] Preparation of S3 lightweight building formwork material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer embedded with micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing. Set the curing temperature at 100 °C; the curing time is 3 h. After curing, take it out and polish the surface to obtain the lightweight building formwork material.

[0047] Example 7: A preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity, including the following steps:

[0048] S1 Raw material preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities and dry the wood surface; anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking. The mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:100. Then add a foaming agent and control the foaming temperature at 60 °C and the foaming time at 3 h to produce a lightweight foam formwork material.

[0049] S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood and lightweight foam formwork material processed in step S1, and cut the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene. The density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; stack the wood, lightweight foam formwork material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer in sequence and then perform lamination. During lamination, add a curing agent, modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, between each layer. Control the lamination temperature at 170 °C, the lamination pressure at 5 MPa, and the lamination time at 4 h. After lamination, an interlayer is obtained.

[0050] S3 Preparation of lightweight building formwork material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, and then put the interlayer embedded with micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing. Set the curing temperature at 100 °C; the curing time is 3 h. After curing, take it out and polish the surface to obtain the lightweight building formwork material.

[0051] Example 8: Do not add shape memory metal in step S1 raw material preparation, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 5.

[0052] Example 9: Gradually increase the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene used in step S2 interlayer manufacturing from the outside to the center, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 5.

[0053] Example 10: Evenly distribute the density of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene used in step S2 interlayer manufacturing, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 5.

[0054] Example 11: Do not inlay micro airbags in step S2 interlayer manufacturing, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in Example 5.

[0055] Perform performance tests on the lightweight building formwork materials prepared in Examples 1 - 11, and the test data are shown in the following table:

[0056]

[0057] From the detection data in the above table, it can be seen that for the lightweight building formwork materials with adjustable elasticity prepared in Examples 1 to 7, as the content of the shape memory metal increases and the preparation conditions are optimized, the elastic modulus of the materials shows a gradually increasing trend. This is because the introduction of the shape memory alloy improves the rigidity of the materials and increases their elastic recovery ability during stretching. Materials with a higher content of shape memory alloy have a higher maximum strain value, can produce a larger deformation during stretching, and have good adjustability. Example 8 is a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity prepared without adding shape memory metal, and its maximum strain value drops significantly, further indicating that the introduction of the shape memory alloy improves the deformation ability of the materials. Examples 9 and 10 involve changing the density distribution of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene. From the detection results of Examples 9 and 10, it can be seen that the density distribution of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene has a high impact on the elastic modulus, maximum strain value, and shock absorption rate of the lightweight building formwork materials. Example 11 does not add micro airbags. From the detection data of Example 11, it can be seen that when micro airbags are not added, it will affect the elastic modulus, maximum strain value, and shock absorption rate of the lightweight building formwork materials, but the impact is relatively small compared to the density distribution of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene.

[0058] Obviously, the above examples are merely illustrations given for clear explanation and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1 Raw material preparation: Clean, polish, remove impurities and dry the wood surface; Anneal the shape memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, then add a foaming agent and control the foaming temperature to generate a lightweight foam template material; S2 Interlayer manufacturing: Use laser cutting technology to cut the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene processed in step S1. Stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer at one time and then perform lamination. Add a curing agent between each layer during the lamination process, control the lamination temperature and pressure, and obtain an interlayer after the lamination ends; S3 Preparation of lightweight building template material: Embed micro airbags in the interlayer prepared in step S2, then put the interlayer embedded with micro airbags into a curing furnace for curing, set the curing temperature and curing time, take it out after the curing ends and polish the surface to obtain a lightweight building template material.

2. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the shape memory metal is nitinol.

3. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the foaming temperature is 30 - 60°C.

4. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the foaming time after adding the foaming agent is 2 - 3h.

5. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the mass ratio of the shape memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:(90 - 100).

6. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2 interlayer manufacturing step, the curing agent is modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, that is, the activity of the isocyanate group on diphenylmethane diisocyanate is modified.

7. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2 interlayer manufacturing step, the lamination temperature is 150 - 180°C.

8. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2 interlayer manufacturing step, the lamination pressure is 2 - 5MPa.

9. The preparation method of a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S3 lightweight building template material preparation step, the curing temperature is 80 - 100°C; the curing time is 1 - 3h.

10. A lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity prepared by the preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity according to any one of claims 1 - 9.

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