Portable assembled microwave-assisted rock breaking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock breaking device. The device comprises a drill cylinder; a connecting seat is arranged on the drill cylinder; drill bit seats are arranged on the lower portion of the drill cylinder. The upper surface of the drilling cylinder is fixedly connected with connecting columns in a circumferential array; a lower limiting block is fixedly connected to the middle-upper part of the connecting column; an insertion block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower limiting block and is of a rectangular structure; the connecting base is provided with through grooves in one-to-one correspondence with the inserting blocks, and a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall body of the drilling barrel and the connecting base. In the high-strength pile foundation rotary excavating work, even if the drill barrel and the tool bit are abraded quickly, the drill barrel and the tool bit can be independently disassembled; by the adoption of the assembly type drilling tool, upstream manufacturers can remarkably reduce the process complexity and manufacturing cost, terminal users can obtain more portable and easy-to-use operation experience, the two-way optimization mode not only achieves resource efficiency improvement, but also forms the synergistic effect of multi-party benefits, and has high market application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rotary drilling rock breaking, and particularly relates to a portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock breaking device. Background Art

[0002] The efficient crushing of hard rock has always been the key and difficult point in fields such as tunnel construction, oil and gas drilling, deep geothermal development, deep mining, and construction engineering. The complex mechanical environment of hard rock is prone to inducing various geological disasters, such as rock bursts, rock bursts, and mine water inrushes. At the same time, it poses new challenges to the stable operation of deep rock mechanics engineering and the efficient extraction of resources.

[0003] In the field of construction engineering, as the core equipment for pile foundation construction, rotary drilling rigs have significantly improved the engineering efficiency by virtue of their ability to efficiently break hard rock formations. At the same time, microwave rock breaking technology changes the physical properties of rocks through microwave radiation to reduce the cutting difficulty. Compared with traditional rock breaking methods such as mechanical cutting and high-pressure water jet, it shows advantages such as high energy utilization rate, strong operation safety, and convenient energy transmission. Deep hard rock mining faces special challenges. The characteristics of high hardness, low cutability, and anti-invasiveness make it difficult to directly apply coal mine tunneling equipment, which prompts the industry to continuously explore new rock breaking solutions. The current technological development has given rise to various rock breaking means such as flame jets, lasers, water jets, ultrasonic waves, and electric pulses. These technologies mainly achieve hard rock breaking by pre-cracking rock masses or improving energy conversion efficiency, but in actual applications, they are still limited by problems such as process complexity, high equipment costs, and safety risks. In recent years, microwave rock breaking technology has received extensive attention due to its characteristics such as no medium pollution, controllable risks, strong electromagnetic shielding, and convenient energy transmission. With the continuous accumulation of theoretical research and experimental data, this technology has gradually developed into one of the most promising innovative directions in the field of deep hard rock efficient crushing.

[0004] Patent CN116658191A discloses a drilling-type microwave-assisted rock breaking device for tunnel excavation. Before using the hob disk for tunneling, it first uses microwaves to induce weakening of the rock mass on the tunnel face, and then uses the existing rock breaking machinery hob disk to tunnel the weakened rock mass on the tunnel face, effectively reducing the wear of the hob.

[0005] Patent CN118745861A discloses a microwave-assisted rotary drilling rig rock breaking device and method. The microwave-assisted rock breaking system emits microwaves to break rocks with the help of a microwave-assisted rotary drilling rig, greatly accelerating the rock breaking efficiency and reducing the rock breaking cost. And through the monitoring system, the situation of the rock mechanical strength during microwave cracking is monitored in real time, and the microwave power and irradiation time are further adjusted for different rock masses according to the monitored data.

[0006] Both of the two patented technical solutions adopt the microwave rock-breaking technology to weaken the mechanical strength of the rock mass, but each has its limitations in specific implementation. The first patent can pre-treat and weaken the rock mass before the hob disc tunneling through the design of integrating a hollow drill pipe and a microwave generator. However, this pre-treatment method cannot be carried out synchronously with the tunneling operation, and there is a defect of insufficient timeliness. The second patent, through the highly integrated design of the microwave generator and the drill tool, can realize the synchronous implementation of the tunneling operation and the rock mass weakening treatment, effectively improving the rock-breaking efficiency. However, this integrated structure results in insufficient modularization of the equipment. For drilling equipment with high-frequency wear characteristics, there are significant technical obstacles in later maintenance, and there are certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that when the drill tool or the microwave generator is damaged, it is difficult to carry out modular disassembly and maintenance, and it is even impossible to realize the convenient replacement of vulnerable parts, which will significantly reduce the maintainability and service life of the equipment in practical engineering applications.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device includes a drill barrel; a connection seat is arranged at the upper part of the drill barrel; a drill bit seat is arranged at the lower part of the drill barrel; a circumferentially arrayed connection column is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill barrel; a lower limit block is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the connection column; an insertion block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower limit block, and the insertion block is in a rectangular structure; through holes corresponding to the insertion blocks one by one are opened on the connection seat, and a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connection seat; an installation box is arranged inside the semi-closed space structure formed between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connection seat, and a microwave generator is arranged inside the installation box; through holes are opened from top to bottom on the barrel wall of the drill barrel; a waveguide is inserted into the through holes; a water-air common pipe is also connected to the upper part of the installation box, and the water-air common pipe is communicated with each waveguide; wherein, water flow is sprayed to the target rock mass through the through holes and the waveguides to increase the water content of the rock mass, or air flow is introduced into the target rock mass through the through holes and the waveguides to reduce the water content of the rock mass.

[0010] Preferably, a through first chute is opened on the insertion block; symmetrically arranged upper limit blocks are slidably arranged inside the first chute. The upper limit blocks are composed of a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part with an upward slope, and in the initial state, the rectangular part is inside the first chute and the trapezoidal part is outside the first chute; a first spring is connected between the upper limit blocks; anti-detachment blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper limit blocks.

[0011] Preferably, a rectangular-shaped dial is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper limit block; a second chute is formed on the upper surface of the insertion block; the top of one of the dials is rotatably connected to a clamping frame through a shaft rod, and the clamping frame is a rectangular frame structure with one side open, and the open side is rotatably connected to the top of the dial through a shaft rod.

[0012] Preferably, the dials are close to each other. Rotate the clamping frame by 90° so that the clamping frame is sleeved on the other dial, preventing the dials from moving away from each other under the action of the first spring.

[0013] Preferably, a protective cover is sleeved on the mounting box; grooves are formed in the protective cover corresponding to the output ports of each microwave generator; after the connecting seat is fixed on the connecting column, the connecting seat can exert a force on the upper part of the protective cover, thereby limiting the connecting seat within a semi-closed space structure formed between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connecting seat.

[0014] Preferably, evenly distributed tool seats are fixedly connected to the lower part of the drill bit seat; through waveguide holes are formed in the upper part of the drill bit seat corresponding to the positions between adjacent two tool seats; T-shaped sliders are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill bit seat corresponding to the side of each waveguide hole; limiting chutes are formed in the lower surface of the drill barrel corresponding to the positions of each slider.

[0015] Preferably, second springs are arranged in the limiting chutes, and the second springs push the drill bit seat to deflect, so that the waveguide holes are staggered from the through holes.

[0016] Preferably, the drill arm controls the drill barrel to apply pressure to the target construction point and controls its rotation. When the drill barrel rotates, due to the frictional force of the ground, relative rotation occurs between the tool seat and the drill barrel, causing the second spring to contract, and the slider slides in the limiting chute until it can no longer slide, and then the tool seat and the drill barrel start to rotate synchronously, and the through hole and the waveguide hole are communicated with each other.

[0017] A portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device, and the rock-breaking device includes the following installation steps:

[0018] S1: Vertically place the prefabricated drill barrel and drill bit seat on the ground, and then insert the waveguide from above the drill barrel into the corresponding through hole.

[0019] S2: Install the microwave generator inside the mounting box, then place the mounting box at the center of the upper surface of the drill barrel, and connect the upper port of the waveguide to the output port of the microwave generator.

[0020] S3: Sleeve the protective cover on the mounting box, and align the grooves formed in the protective cover with the output ports of each microwave generator, and use the output ports to limit the position of the protective cover.

[0021] S4: First, align the square through-hole opened on the connecting seat with the insertion block. Then, use the gravity of the connecting seat itself to apply a force to the upper limit block. The upper limit block is forced to be squeezed into the first sliding groove. After the through-hole passes over the upper limit block, the first spring applies a restoring elastic force to the upper limit block, moving the trapezoidal part of the upper limit block back outside the first sliding groove. Cooperating with the lower limit block, the connecting seat is fixed at a fixed height position on the connecting column, realizing the quick connection of the drilling tool.

[0022] S5: Drive the machine body to the side of the drill barrel, align the joint of the drill arm with the connecting seat and insert it, and use a pin to fix them.

[0023] S6: Install the rock-breaking tool on the tool holder, and then the pile foundation rotary drilling operation can start.

[0024] Preferably, a microwave module interface and a water and gas pipeline joint are also provided on the joint of the drill arm. After the joint is inserted into the connecting seat, it is connected to the microwave generator inside the installation box.

[0025] Advantages of the present invention:

[0026] 1. In the present invention, the microwave generator, the drill barrel, the connecting seat, and the drill arm are all connected by an assembled structure. In the high-intensity pile foundation rotary drilling work, even if the drill barrel and the cutter head wear quickly, they can be independently disassembled and new single components can be replaced, which can greatly simplify the maintenance difficulty, reduce the maintenance cost and equipment cost. By using an assembled drilling tool, the upstream manufacturer can significantly reduce the process complexity and manufacturing cost, and the end user can obtain a more portable and easy-to-use operation experience. This two-way optimization mode not only improves the resource efficiency but also forms a synergistic effect that benefits multiple parties, having high market application value.

[0027] 2. Through the design of the rotatable tool holder and drill barrel in the present invention, the position of the tool holder can be reset by the second spring when the drilling tool stops operating, so that the through-hole and the waveguide hole are staggered to prevent mud and slag from entering the through-hole.

[0028] 3. The present invention uses a microwave generator to generate microwaves, and cooperates with a waveguide to radiate microwave energy to the surface of the rock mass. The difference in the dielectric loss constants of different minerals in the rock mass results in different microwave absorption performances, and the local thermal expansion difference generates internal stress, causing cracks in the rock mass, thereby reducing the mechanical strength of the rock mass and achieving the function of assisting the drilling tool to perform pile foundation rotary drilling. When heating the rock with microwaves, water, as a polar molecule, has a high dielectric loss and can significantly improve the microwave absorption ability of the rock. When the water content in the rock mass is low, high-pressure water is sprayed into the target rock mass through the through-hole and the waveguide hole. Through water absorption and penetration through the rock pores, the water content in the rock mass is increased, changing the physical properties of the rock mass, improving the microwave absorption efficiency of the rock mass, and making the rock mass produce a better cracking effect to assist the drilling tool in rotary drilling the rock mass.

[0029] 4. When the rock of the present invention is suddenly cooled, its surface will shrink, and the internal heat energy cannot be effectively transferred in a short time, resulting in uneven shrinkage and generating tensile stress, thereby causing cracks. Since a large amount of heat is generated in the rock mass under the action of microwaves, by spraying cold water on the rock mass, a temperature gradient caused by the temperature difference between hot and cold can be induced, making the rock mass more fragile, thus making the rotary drilling operation easier, reducing tool wear, and extending its service life.

[0030] 5. High-pressure water flow is introduced into the through holes and waveguide holes of the present invention. If the waveguide holes are blocked, the function of clearing the blockage can be realized, which not only avoids the absorption or scattering of microwave energy by the silt soil, resulting in an increase in energy transmission loss, but also avoids the blockage of the soil from hindering heat dissipation, and the local temperature rise may cause metal deformation or coating peeling.

[0031] 6. For the rock mass with a large porosity, during the shutdown period, the tool is close to the rock mass, and high-pressure air flow is directed to it, which can accelerate the air flow rate around it, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of the free water in the rock mass, reducing the water content in a part of the rock mass, adjusting the microwave-induced cracking effect, and making the rock-breaking effect of the drill tool better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill barrel in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the drill barrel in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is an explosion diagram of the waveguide in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting column in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper limit block in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit sliding groove in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit seat in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-air common pipe in the present invention;

[0042] In the figure: 1, body; 2, drill arm; 3, joint; 4, drill barrel; 5, connecting seat; 6, connecting column; 601, lower limit block; 602, inserting block; 603, first chute; 604, upper limit block; 6041, second chute; 6042, shifting block; 6043, clamping frame; 605, anti - detachment block; 606, first spring; 607, through - slot; 7, through - hole; 701, mounting box; 702, waveguide; 703, protective cover; 704, groove; 8, drill bit seat; 801, tool rest; 802, waveguide hole; 803, slider; 804, second spring; 805, limit chute. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] In this embodiment, the drill barrel 4 is applied to a rotary drilling rig, and the portable and assembled microwave - assisted rock - breaking device provided by the present invention is introduced in detail. Correspondingly, the drill barrel 4 can also be applied to equipment such as tunnel boring machines and has a portable function. It can be predicted that the rotary drilling rig and tunnel boring machine connected to the drill barrel should be provided with a power source and a water tank, which are connected by a conductive slip ring and a rotary joint for use by the portable and assembled microwave - assisted rock - breaking device provided by the present invention.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, a portable and assembled microwave - assisted rock - breaking device includes a rotary drilling rig body 1 and a drill arm 2 connected to the body 1. The length of the drill arm 2 is 125700 mm; a joint 3 is connected to the output end of the drill arm 2; a drill barrel 4 is detachably arranged on the joint 3, and the length of the drill barrel 4 is 1070 mm; a connecting seat 5 is arranged on the upper part of the drill barrel 4, and the connecting seat 5 is used to cooperate with the joint 3 to connect the drill barrel 4; a drill bit seat 8 is arranged on the lower part of the drill barrel 4, and the drill bit seat 8 is used for rotary drilling of rock masses, and the maximum digging diameter / depth is 1200 mm / 20 m.

[0046] Please refer to again Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, connection columns 6 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill pipe 4 in a circumferential array; a lower limit block 601 is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the connection column 6, and the lower limit block 601 is in a circular structure; an insertion block 602 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower limit block 601, and the insertion block 602 is in a rectangular structure; through grooves 607 corresponding to the insertion blocks 602 one by one are formed in the connection seat 5, and the through grooves 607 are in a rectangular structure that fits the insertion blocks 602. The bottom position of the connection seat 5 is restricted by the limit block, so that a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall of the drill pipe 4 and the connection seat 5.

[0047] Please refer to again Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a through first sliding groove 603 is formed in the insertion block 602; symmetrically arranged upper limit blocks 604 are slidably arranged inside the first sliding groove 603. The upper limit blocks 604 are composed of a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part with an upward inclined surface. In the initial state, the rectangular part is inside the first sliding groove 603, and the trapezoidal part is outside the first sliding groove 603; a first spring 606 is connected between the upper limit blocks 604, and the first spring 606 is used to provide the restoring force after the upper limit blocks 604 are squeezed into the first sliding groove 603; anti-detachment blocks 605 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper limit blocks 604, and the anti-detachment blocks 605 are used to prevent the upper limit blocks 604 from falling off the inside of the first sliding groove 603.

[0048] Please refer to again Figure 6 As shown, a rectangular structure of a dial block 6042 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper limit block 604; a second sliding groove 6041 is formed in the upper surface of the insertion block 602, and the dial block 6042 is slidably connected in the second sliding groove 6041; a clamping frame 6043 is rotatably connected to the top of one of the dial blocks 6042 through a shaft rod. The clamping frame 6043 is in a rectangular frame structure with one side open, and the open side is rotatably connected to the top of the dial block 6042 through a shaft rod. In specific application, the dial blocks 6042 are close to each other, and the clamping frame 6043 is rotated 90°, so that the clamping frame 6043 is sleeved on the other dial block 6042 to prevent the dial blocks 6042 from moving away from each other under the action of the first spring 606.

[0049] Please refer to again Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall of the drill pipe 4 and the connecting seat 5. An installation box 701 is arranged inside. A microwave generator (magnetron) is arranged inside the installation box 701, and the connection port of the microwave generator protrudes from the upper surface of the installation box 701, and the microwave output port is located on the side of the installation box 701. Through holes 7 are arranged on the barrel wall of the drill pipe 4 from top to bottom. A waveguide 702 is inserted into the through hole 7. The waveguide 702 is in an L-shaped structure, and the bent part is in a smooth curved surface structure. The upper end of the waveguide 702 is connected to each output port of the microwave generator. An air-water common pipe is also connected to the upper part of the installation box 701, and the air-water common pipe is communicated with each waveguide 702. Specifically, in addition to transmitting microwaves, the waveguide 702 can also transmit water or gas, and microwaves, water, and gas are not transmitted simultaneously.

[0050] Please refer to again Figure 4 As shown in the figure, a protective cover 703 is sleeved on the installation box 701. Grooves 704 are arranged on the protective cover 703 corresponding to the positions of each output port of the microwave generator. Specifically, after the connecting seat 5 is fixed on the connecting column 6, the connecting seat 5 can apply a force to the upper part of the protective cover 703, so as to limit the connecting seat 5 inside the semi-closed space structure formed between the upper wall of the drill pipe 4 and the connecting seat 5.

[0051] Please refer to again Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, evenly distributed tool seats 801 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the drill bit seat 8. The tool seats 801 are used to install rock-breaking cutter heads. Through waveguide holes 802 are arranged at the positions corresponding to the spaces between adjacent two tool seats 801 on the upper part of the drill bit seat 8. The waveguide holes 802 are used to transmit the microwaves in the waveguide 702. T-shaped sliders 803 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill bit seat 8 corresponding to the side of each waveguide hole 802. Limit sliding grooves 805 are arranged on the lower surface of the drill pipe 4 corresponding to the positions of each slider 803. The sliders 803 are slidably connected inside the limit sliding grooves 805. Second springs 804 are arranged in the limit sliding grooves 805. The second springs 804 are used to push the drill bit seat 8 to deflect, so that the waveguide holes 802 are staggered from the through holes 7.

[0052] To facilitate the understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the working principle or operation method of the present invention in the actual process will be described in detail below:

[0053] During specific operations, the drill tool installation is completed through the following steps:

[0054] S1: First, vertically place the prefabricated drill pipe 4 and drill bit seat 8 on the ground, and then insert the waveguide 702 into the corresponding through hole 7 from above the drill pipe 4.

[0055] S2: Install the microwave generator inside the mounting box 701, then place the mounting box 701 at the center of the upper surface of the drill barrel 4, and connect the upper port of the waveguide 702 to the output port of the microwave generator;

[0056] S3: Put the protective cover 703 over the mounting box 701, and align the groove 704 opened on the protective cover 703 with the output port of each microwave generator to limit the position of the protective cover 703 by the output port;

[0057] S4: First, align the square through slot 607 opened on the connecting seat 5 with the insertion block 602, and then use the gravity of the connecting seat 5 itself to apply a force to the upper limit block 604. Since the inclined surface of the upper limit block 604 faces upward, the upper limit block 604 is forced to be squeezed into the first chute 603. After the through slot 607 passes over the upper limit block 604, the first spring 606 applies a restoring elastic force to the upper limit block 604, moving the trapezoidal part of the upper limit block 604 back outside the first chute 603. At this time, since the lower surface of the upper limit block 604 is a flat surface, it can cooperate with the lower limit block 601 to fix the connecting seat 5 at a fixed height position on the connecting column 6, realizing the quick connection of the drilling tool;

[0058] Among them, after the connecting seat 5 is fixed, it directly restricts the upper part of the protective cover 703 to prevent the protective cover 703 from falling off, achieving the purpose of completely fixing the protective cover 703;

[0059] S5: Drive the machine body 1 to the side of the drill barrel 4, insert the joint 3 of the drill arm 2 into the connecting seat 5, and use a pin to complete the fixation between the two;

[0060] Among them, the joint 3 of the drill arm 2 is also provided with a microwave module interface and a water and gas pipeline joint 3. After the joint 3 is inserted into the connecting seat 5, it realizes the connection with the microwave generator inside the mounting box 701;

[0061] S6: Install the rock-breaking tool on the tool holder 801, and then the pile foundation rotary drilling operation can be started.

[0062] In the above solution, the microwave generator, the drill barrel 4, the connecting seat 5, and the drill arm 2 are all connected by an assembled structure. In the high-intensity pile foundation rotary drilling work, even if the wear is relatively fast, they can be independently disassembled and new single components can be replaced, which can greatly simplify the maintenance difficulty, reduce the maintenance cost and equipment cost. By using an assembled drilling tool, the upstream manufacturer can significantly reduce the process complexity and manufacturing cost, while the end user can obtain a more portable and easy-to-use operation experience. This two-way optimization mode not only improves the resource efficiency but also forms a synergistic effect that benefits multiple parties, having a high market application value.

[0063] When performing rotary drilling on the rock mass:

[0064] Move the body 1 to the target location. The drilling arm 2 controls the drill barrel 4 to apply pressure to the target construction point and controls it to rotate. At this time, since the tool holder 801 is connected to the drill barrel 4 through the cooperation of the second spring 804, the slider 803 and the limit chute 805, when the drill barrel 4 rotates, the tool holder 801 will cause relative rotation between the tool holder 801 and the drill barrel 4 due to the frictional force of the ground, causing the second spring 804 to contract and the slider 803 to slide in the limit chute 805 until it can no longer slide. Then, the tool holder 801 and the drill barrel 4 start to rotate synchronously, and the through hole 7 and the waveguide hole 802 communicate with each other to realize the rotary drilling of the rock mass.

[0065] Among them, through the design of the relatively rotatable tool holder 801 and drill barrel 4, the position of the tool holder 801 can be reset by the second spring 804 when the drill tool stops working, so that the through hole 7 and the waveguide hole 802 are staggered to prevent mud and slag from entering the inside of the through hole 7.

[0066] Among them, when the drill tool encounters a hard rock mass, microwaves are generated by a microwave generator, and the microwave energy is radiated to the surface of the rock mass in cooperation with the waveguide 702. The difference in the dielectric loss constants of different minerals (such as biotite and quartz) in the rock mass leads to different microwave absorption performances. Non-uniform heating causes internal stress due to local thermal expansion differences, resulting in cracks in the rock mass, thereby reducing the mechanical strength of the rock mass and achieving the function of assisting the drill tool to realize pile foundation rotary drilling. Further, when microwaves heat the rock, water, as a polar molecule, has a high dielectric loss and can significantly improve the microwave absorption ability of the rock. When the water content in the rock mass is low, high-pressure water is sprayed onto the target rock mass through the through hole 7 and the waveguide 702. Through water absorption and penetration through the pores of the rock, the water content in the rock mass is increased, the physical properties of the rock mass are changed, and the microwave absorption ability of the rock mass is improved, resulting in a better cracking effect on the rock mass and assisting the drill tool to rotary drill the rock mass. It should be noted that for different types of rocks, due to their different porosities, there are significant differences in the water content of the rocks. For example, rock masses such as granite and basalt need to increase the water content by spraying water due to their low porosities. The wave absorption sensitivity of water can be used to make up for the natural low wave absorption of some rocks, in order to achieve the wave absorption performance of sandstone and shale with larger porosities and higher natural water contents. During the process of microwave heating of the rock mass, the internal vapor pressure of the rock can be increased in a short time, making the internal pressure higher than the self-compressive strength of the rock. At this time, a rock burst phenomenon may occur, and the pre-splitting blasting effect of the borehole blasting method can be achieved.

[0067] In addition, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, when the rock is rapidly cooled, the surface will contract while the interior remains relatively hot, resulting in uneven contraction, generating tensile stress and thus causing cracks. Since a large amount of heat is generated in the rock mass under the action of microwaves, by spraying low-temperature cooling water onto the rock mass, the stress effect caused by the heat exchange can be triggered, making the rock mass more fragile, thereby reducing tool wear during the rotary drilling operation and extending its service life. It should be noted that when water is introduced into the through hole 7, the waveguide 702, and the waveguide hole 702, if the waveguide hole 802 is blocked, the function of clearing the blockage can be realized. This not only avoids the absorption or scattering of microwave energy by the soil, resulting in an increase in energy transmission loss, but also avoids the blockage of the soil from hindering heat dissipation, and the local temperature rise may cause metal deformation or coating peeling. High-pressure air flow can be introduced into the through hole 7 and the waveguide 702 to achieve the function of clearing the blockage. Further, for rock masses with a relatively large porosity, during the downtime, the tool holder 801 is brought close to the rock mass, and high-pressure air flow is directed towards it, which can accelerate the air flow rate around the rock mass, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of the free water in the rock mass, reducing the water content in a part of the rock mass, adjusting the microwave-induced cracking effect, and making the rock-breaking effect of the drill better.

[0068] Since microwaves can achieve a heating effect, even if high-pressure water flow is introduced into the through hole 7 and the waveguide 702, the drying effect can be quickly achieved, and overall, it does not affect the cracking effect of microwaves on the rock mass.

[0069] When the drill needs to be disassembled:

[0070] The operator moves the slider 6042 within the second chute 6041, so that the upper limit block 604 retracts into the first chute 603, thereby canceling the fixing effect of the upper limit block 604 on the connecting seat 5. At this time, the clamping frame 6043 is rotated to connect the two sliders 6042, preventing them from resetting under the action of the first spring 606. After all four upper limit blocks 604 are retracted into the corresponding first chutes 603, the connecting seat 5 can be directly removed from the drill barrel 4. Correspondingly, devices such as the protective cover 703, the mounting box 701, and the waveguide 702 lose their fixing constraints on it and can be directly taken out. The disassembly is convenient and fast, and the carrying and transportation are portable. When microwave-assisted rotary drilling of pile foundations is not required, it can also be used alone, with strong practicability.

[0071] It should be noted that in this article, terms such as "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or device.

[0072] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device, characterized in that: It includes a drill pipe (4); a connecting seat (5) is provided at the upper part of the drill pipe (4); a drill bit seat (8) is provided at the lower part of the drill pipe (4). On the upper surface of the drill pipe (4), connecting columns (6) are fixedly connected in a circumferential array; a lower limit block (601) is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the connecting column (6); an insertion block (602) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower limit block (601), and the insertion block (602) is in a rectangular structure; through grooves (607) corresponding to the insertion blocks (602) are formed on the connecting seat (5), and a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall body of the drill pipe (4) and the connecting seat (5). An installation box (701) is arranged inside the semi-closed space structure formed between the upper wall body of the drill pipe (4) and the connecting seat (5), and a microwave generator is arranged inside the installation box (701); through holes (7) are formed in the barrel wall of the drill pipe (4) from top to bottom; a waveguide (702) is inserted into the through holes (7); a water-gas common pipe is further connected to the upper part of the installation box (701), and the water-gas common pipe is communicated with each waveguide (702). Among them, water flow is sprayed to the target rock mass through the through holes (7) and the waveguides (702) to increase the water content of the rock mass, or air flow is introduced into the target rock mass through the through holes (7) and the waveguides (702) to reduce the water content of the rock mass.

2. The portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: A through first sliding groove (603) is formed in the insertion block (602); symmetrically arranged upper limit blocks (604) are slidably arranged inside the first sliding groove (603), and the upper limit blocks (604) are jointly composed of a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part with an upward inclined surface, and in the initial state, the rectangular part is inside the first sliding groove (603) and the trapezoidal part is outside the first sliding groove (603); a first spring (606) is connected between the upper limit blocks (604); anti-disengagement blocks (605) are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper limit blocks (604).

3. The portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 2, wherein: A rectangular structure of a dial block (6042) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper limit block (604); a second sliding groove (6041) is formed on the upper surface of the insertion block (602); the top of one of the dial blocks (6042) is rotatably connected to a clamping frame (6043) through a shaft rod, and the clamping frame (6043) is in a rectangular frame structure with one side open, and the open side is rotatably connected to the top of the dial block (6042) through a shaft rod.

4. The portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 3, wherein: The dial blocks (6042) are close to each other, and the clamping frame (6043) is rotated by 90°, so that the clamping frame (6043) is sleeved on the other dial block (6042) to prevent the dial blocks (6042) from moving away from each other under the action of the first spring (606).

5. The portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: A protective cover (703) is sleeved on the installation box (701); grooves (704) are formed in the protective cover (703) at positions corresponding to the output ports of each microwave generator; after the connecting seat (5) is fixed on the connecting column (6), the connecting seat (5) can apply a force to the upper part of the protective cover (703), so as to limit the connecting seat (5) in the semi-closed space structure formed between the upper wall body of the drill pipe (4) and the connecting seat (5).

6. The portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: The lower part of the drill bit seat (8) is fixedly connected with evenly distributed tool seats (801); through waveguide holes (802) are provided at positions corresponding to the positions between adjacent two tool seats (801) on the upper part of the drill bit seat (8); at positions beside each waveguide hole (802) on the upper surface of the drill bit seat (8), T-shaped sliders (803) are fixedly connected; at positions corresponding to each slider (803) on the lower surface of the drill cylinder (4), limiting sliding grooves (805) are provided.

7. The portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Second springs (804) are arranged in the limiting sliding grooves (805), and the second springs (804) push the drill bit seat (8) to deflect, so that the waveguide holes (802) are staggered from the through holes (7).

8. The portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: The drill arm (2) controls the drill cylinder (4) to apply pressure to the target construction point and controls its rotation. When the drill cylinder (4) rotates, due to the frictional force of the ground, relative rotation occurs between the tool seat (801) and the drill cylinder (4), causing the second spring (804) to contract, and the slider (803) slides in the limiting sliding groove (805) until it can no longer slide. Then, synchronous rotation starts between the tool seat (801) and the drill cylinder (4), and the through hole (7) and the waveguide hole (802) communicate with each other.

9. The portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein: The rock breaking device includes the following installation steps: S1: Vertically place the prefabricated drill cylinder (4) and drill bit seat (8) on the ground, and then insert the waveguide (702) into the corresponding through hole (7) from above the drill cylinder (4). S2: Install the microwave generator inside the installation box (701), then place the installation box (701) at the center of the upper surface of the drill cylinder (4), and connect the upper port of the waveguide (702) to the output port of the microwave generator. S3: Put the protective cover (703) on the installation box (701), and align the grooves (704) provided on the protective cover (703) with the output ports of each microwave generator, and use the output ports to limit the position of the protective cover (703). S4: First, align the square through groove (607) provided on the connecting seat (5) with the insertion block (602), and then use the gravity of the connecting seat (5) itself to apply a force to the upper limiting block (604). The upper limiting block (604) is forced to be squeezed into the first sliding groove (603). After the through groove (607) passes over the upper limiting block (604), the first spring (606) applies a restoring elastic force to the upper limiting block (604), moving the trapezoidal part of the upper limiting block (604) back outside the first sliding groove (603), and cooperating with the lower limiting block (601) to fix the connecting seat (5) at a fixed height position on the connecting column (6), realizing the quick connection of the drilling tool. S5: Drive the machine body (1) to the side of the drill cylinder (4), align the joint (3) of the drill arm (2) with the connecting seat (5) and insert it, and use a pin to fix the two. S6: Install rock breaking tools on the tool seats (801), and then the pile foundation rotary drilling operation can start.

10. The portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 9, wherein: The joint (3) of the drilling arm (2) is also provided with a microwave module interface and a water and gas pipeline joint (3). After the joint (3) is inserted into the inside of the connecting seat (5), it is connected to the microwave generator inside the installation box (701).

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