Petroleum drilling PDC drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses a petroleum drilling PDC drill bit, and relates to the technical field of drilling PDC drill bits, the petroleum drilling PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit main body, a blade main body and a liquid conveying pipeline, an adjusting assembly is arranged between the drill bit main body and the blade main body, and the adjusting assembly is used for automatically adjusting the rotating speed and bit pressure of the blade main body; the adjusting assembly comprises a conical block fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill bit body, a rolling bearing is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill bit body, and a gear disc is rotationally installed on the rolling bearing. The drilling tool has the advantages that before drilling of the blade body, the rotating speed and the drilling pressure of the blade body can be adaptively adjusted according to the drilling torque of the blade body, and meanwhile when continuous drilling of the blade body is conducted and the drilling torque is increased or decreased, the rotating speed and the drilling pressure of the blade body are adaptively adjusted in time through cooperation of the adjusting assembly and the sensing assembly; therefore, the well drilling effect of the blade body can be improved, abrasion of the blade body caused by long-time use is reduced, and the service life of the blade body is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling PDC bits, and in particular to an oil drilling PDC bit. Background Technique

[0002] To improve the effect of drilling operations, existing drilling equipment usually uses PDC bits with high strength for drilling operations. And to further improve the effect and safety of the drilling equipment during drilling and reduce mechanical vibration during drilling, usually during the drilling process, the lithology of the formation to be drilled is surveyed, and the rotational speed and drilling pressure of the bit during drilling are adjusted according to the survey results; However, since there may be interlayers (such as hard and soft alternating formations) or fracture-developed zones in the same well section, if the rotational speed and drilling pressure of the bit are set according to the parameters of a single formation, it is easy to have a situation where the rotational speed and drilling pressure of the bit do not match the actual formation characteristics it drills. For example, when the bit drills into a hard formation, if a high rotational speed is continuously used at this time, it is easy to cause the vibration of the bit to intensify, resulting in fatigue damage of the cutting teeth, that is, reducing the service life of the bit. And if the bit drills into a soft formation, if a high drilling pressure is continuously used at this time, it is easy to cause well deviation or hole shrinkage, reducing the final drilling effect. For this reason, we propose an oil drilling PDC bit to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the background technique, and to propose an oil drilling PDC bit.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An oil drilling PDC bit, including a bit body, a blade body, and an infusion pipeline. An adjustment component is jointly arranged between the bit body and the blade body for automatically adjusting the rotational speed and drilling pressure of the blade body; The adjustment component includes a conical block fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bit body. A rolling bearing is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bit body. A gear disk is rotatably installed on the rolling bearing. Two sliding grooves are opened on the gear disk. Driving components are fixedly installed on both of the two sliding grooves. Extrusion components are slidably installed on both of the two sliding grooves. Torsion springs are fixedly installed between the two extrusion components and the corresponding driving components. Two elastic push rods that cooperate with the corresponding extrusion components are fixedly installed on the blade body; A driving disk is placed on the blade body. An adjustment mechanism is jointly installed between the driving disk and the blade body. An induction component is arranged on the driving disk for automatically sensing the drilling torque of the blade body.

[0005] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: 1: Before the cutter wing body drills a well, the present invention can, through an adjusting assembly, adaptively adjust the initial rotational speed of the cutter wing body driven by the force on the drill bit body according to the initial drilling torque of the cutter wing body, that is, the initial rotational speed of the cutter wing body, and the drilling pressure, thereby effectively improving the drilling effect during subsequent drilling operations of the cutter wing body and reducing the wear of the cutter wing body.

[0006] 2: During the continuous drilling operation of the cutter wing body, the present invention can, through the adjusting assembly, monitor the drilling torque of the cutter wing body in real time. When the monitored drilling torque weakens or increases, through the cooperation of the induction assembly and the adjusting assembly, the rotational speed and drilling pressure of the cutter wing body can be adjusted in a timely and adaptive manner according to the monitored results, thereby ensuring the stability of the continuous drilling operation of the cutter wing body and helping to further improve the drilling effect of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PDC drill bit for oil drilling proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional view after the drill bit body and the cutter wing body rotate a certain angle; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit body and the cutter wing body in ; Figure 4 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the internal components of the cutter wing body in ; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic structural diagram of the components on the gear disk in ; Figure 6 is Figure 5 a top view after cross-section; Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic structural diagram of the drive disk in ; Figure 8 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting assembly in ; Figure 9 is Figure 8 a schematic cross-sectional view of the cylinder in ; Figure 10 is Figure 8 a schematic structural diagram of the pressure regulating component in ; Figure 11 is Figure 5 a schematic structural diagram of the induction assembly in ; Figure 12 is Figure 11 a schematic structural diagram after rotating a certain angle; Figure 13 is Figure 12Schematic structural diagram of the medium adjusting force component; Figure 14 is Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the components on the medium rotating shaft; Figure 15 is Figure 6 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the connecting component between the medium gear disk and the driving disk; Figure 16 is Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the connecting component between the medium driving part and the elastic push rod; Figure 17 is Figure 16 Schematic structural diagram of part A in the medium; Figure 18 is Figure 12 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of

[0008] In the figure: 1. Drill bit body; 2. Blade body; 3. Infusion pipeline; 4. Adjusting component; 41. Tapered block; 42. Rolling bearing; 43. Gear disk; 44. Micro motor; 45. Electric telescopic rod; 46. Rotating gear; 47. Driving part; 48. Torsion spring; 49. Extrusion part; 410. Driving disk; 411. Arc-shaped chute; 412. Limit groove; 413. Cylinder body; 414. Threaded rod; 415. Sliding part; 416. Driving rod; 417. Rack; 418. Parallel shaft gear; 419. Pressing ring; 420. Butterfly spring body; 5. Elastic push rod; 6. Induction component; 61. Pushing part; 62. Rotating shaft; 63. Pawl; 64. Inclined block; 65. Friction roller; 66. Spring extrusion part; 67. Limit tooth; 68. Groove body; 69. Elastic part; 7. Fixed rod; 8. Push-pull rod; 9. Ball circulating part. Specific implementation mode

[0009] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0010] Refer to Figures 1 - 18 , a PDC drill bit for oil drilling, including a drill bit body 1, a blade body 2, and an infusion pipeline 3. An adjusting component 4 is jointly arranged between the drill bit body 1 and the blade body 2 for automatically adjusting the rotation speed and drilling pressure of the blade body 2.

[0011] The lower end of the infusion pipeline 3 is fixedly connected to the cutter wing body 2, and the infusion pipeline 3 is rotatably connected to the drill bit body 1. The purpose is that when there is a rotational speed difference between the drill bit body 1 and the cutter wing body 2, the infusion pipeline 3 can rotate synchronously with the cutter wing body 2, so as to ensure that during the rotary drilling process of the cutter wing body 2, the drilling fluid sprayed inside the infusion pipeline 3 cools and lubricates the cutter wing body 2 and is timely and effective in carrying and suspending cuttings.

[0012] At the same time, as can be seen from Figure 3 it is set that the drill bit body 1 is provided with an annular sliding groove, and a plurality of sliding blocks are slidably installed on the annular sliding groove, and the lower ends of the plurality of sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the cutter wing body 2. Through the cooperation of the annular sliding groove and the plurality of sliding blocks, the relative position between the drill bit body 1 and the cutter wing body 2 can be fixed, and at the same time, when there is a rotational speed difference between the cutter wing body 2 and the drill bit body 1, it is convenient for the cutter wing body 2 to rotate relative to the drill bit body 1. Referring to Figures 1 - 9 、 Figures 11 - 12 , the adjusting assembly 4 includes a conical block 41 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill bit body 1, a rolling bearing 42 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill bit body 1, and a gear disk 43 rotatably installed on the rolling bearing 42 (by adding a rolling bearing 42 between the gear disk 43 and the drill bit body 1, the friction force between the two during contact can be effectively reduced, which is convenient for the subsequent rotation of the gear disk 43 relative to the drill bit body 1). Two sliding grooves are provided on the gear disk 43, driving members 47 are fixedly installed on both sliding grooves, squeezing members 49 are slidably installed on both sliding grooves, torsion springs 48 are fixedly installed between the two squeezing members 49 and the corresponding driving members 47, and two elastic push rods 5 cooperating with the corresponding squeezing members 49 are fixedly installed on the cutter wing body 2.

[0013] A driving disk 410 is placed on the cutter wing body 2, an adjusting mechanism is jointly installed between the driving disk 410 and the cutter wing body 2, and an induction assembly 6 is provided on the driving disk 410 for automatically detecting the drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2.

[0014] The adjusting mechanism includes limiting grooves 412 evenly arranged in an annular shape on the cutter wing body 2, arc-shaped sliding grooves 411 evenly distributed in an annular shape on the driving disk 410, cylinders 413 slidably installed on the limiting grooves 412, and the upper ends of the cylinders 413 are slidably installed on the corresponding arc-shaped sliding grooves 411. Fixed plates are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the cylinders 413, threaded rods 414 are penetrated and rotatably installed on the fixed plates, sliding members 415 are threadedly installed on the threaded rods 414, and the sliding members 415 are slidably installed on the corresponding cylinders 413; The upper ends of the sliding members 415 are fixedly installed with drive rods 416, and the drive rods 416 are all matched with the tapered blocks 41. A drive component is jointly installed between the threaded rod 414 and the limit groove 412, and a pressure regulating component is jointly installed between the sliding members 415.

[0015] The drive component includes racks 417 respectively fixedly installed on the limit grooves 412, and the lower ends of the threaded rods 414 are fixedly installed with parallel shaft gears 418 meshed with the corresponding racks 417.

[0016] A groove is formed in the cutter wing body 2, a micro motor 44 is fixedly installed on the groove, a driving end of the micro motor 44 is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod 45, and a rotating gear 46 matched with the gear disc 43 is fixedly installed on the electric telescopic rod 45.

[0017] During the drilling process of the drilling equipment using a PDC bit, the reasonable adjustment of the rotation speed and the drilling pressure of the bit can not only effectively improve the drilling efficiency and effect, reduce the mechanical vibration during the drilling process, but also effectively extend the service life of the bit. Therefore, before the drilling operation, the lithology of the formation at the drilling location is usually surveyed, and the rotation speed and the drilling pressure of the bit during drilling are adjusted according to the survey results. However, there may be interlayers (such as soft and hard alternating formations) or fracture development zones in the same well section. If the rotation speed and the drilling pressure of the bit are set according to the single formation parameters, when the bit encounters a hard interlayer during the drilling process, it is easy to cause the vibration of the bit to intensify due to the too high rotation speed of the bit, resulting in fatigue damage of the cutting teeth. When drilling into a soft interlayer, it is easy to cause well deviation or hole shrinkage due to the failure to timely reduce the drilling pressure of the bit, reducing the final drilling effect (although during the drilling process of the current bit, a detection instrument for monitoring the drilling torque of the bit can be added to the bit or the drilling equipment, and the rotation speed and the drilling pressure of the bit can be adjusted in cooperation with other electronic devices according to the detection results, but such detection instruments are prone to problems such as signal interference and signal delay, reducing the accuracy and timeliness of the adjustment of the rotation speed and the drilling pressure of the bit).

[0018] A small power supply device (such as a small battery pack) is placed inside the groove formed in the cutter wing body 2. Through this device, the micro motor 44 and the electric telescopic rod 45 placed inside the groove can be independently powered, so as to facilitate the normal operation of the micro motor 44 and the electric telescopic rod 45 when the cutter wing body 2 drills to a deeper position underground and the micro motor 44 and the electric telescopic rod 45 need to be started.

[0019] When the device is required to drill a well, first start the electric telescopic rod 45 and the micro motor 44. The operation of the electric telescopic rod 45 can drive the rotating gear 46 to move downward until the rotating gear 46 meshes with the tooth blocks on the outer side of the gear disk 43. The operation of the micro motor 44 can, according to the geological lithology required for drilling by the device, that is, the magnitude of the initial drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2, drive the gear disk 43 to rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle through the cooperation of the electric telescopic rod 45 and the rotating gear 46. Since the drill bit body 1, the cutter wing body 2, and the two elastic push rods 5 are all in a static state at this time, when the gear disk 43 drives the two driving members 47 to rotate counterclockwise under force, it will compress the torsion springs 48 between the two driving members 47 and the corresponding pressing members 49 through the cooperation with the pushing members until the initial pre-tightening forces of the two torsion springs 48 are adapted to the torque force received by the cutter wing body 2 during the initial rotation, and then stop the operation of the micro motor 44.

[0020] It is set that the torsion spring 48 is made of a material with high strength such as titanium alloy. Titanium alloy (such as Ti - 6264) has high tensile strength (the tensile strength reaches the 145 steel grade), high temperature resistance (maintains performance stability in an environment containing sulfur and at a high temperature of 260 - 290 °C), and good anti-fatigue characteristics. For example, when the required drilling depth of the drill bit device is about 500 meters or so and a conventional PDC drill bit cutter wing is used for drilling, the drilling torque of the drill bit cutter wing in different hardness geological formations is approximately between 500 and 6000 N·m (for example, when the drill bit cutter wing drills into a soft formation, the drilling torque is 500 - 1500 N·m, for a medium-hard formation it is 1500 - 3500 N·m, and for a hard formation it is between 3000 and 6000 N·m. In addition, the drilling torque of the drill bit cutter wing is affected not only by the drilling depth and geological characteristics but also by its own characteristics). At this time, by rotating the gear disk 43 counterclockwise to compress the two torsion springs 48, it is convenient to apply an adaptive initial pre-tightening force to the two torsion springs 48 according to the magnitude of the initial drilling torque force of the cutter wing body 2, that is, to adaptively adjust the initial rotational resistance applied by the two torsion springs 48 to the corresponding elastic push rods 5, ensuring that in the initial state, when the drill bit body 1 is forced to rotate and drives the cutter wing body 2 and the two elastic push rods 5 to rotate through the adjustment assembly 4, the driving force applied by the two elastic push rods 5 to the two pressing members 49 cannot compress the corresponding torsion springs 48, and at this time, when the two elastic push rods 5 push the two pressing members 49, they can rotate together through the corresponding torsion springs 48 (that is, at this time, the cutter wing body 2, the two elastic push rods 5, the two pressing members 49, the torsion springs 48, the two driving members 47, and the gear disk 43 are rigidly connected).

[0021] When the above rotates counterclockwise through the micro-motor 44, the gear disc 43, and the two driving members 47 according to the initial drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2, the two driving members 47 can drive the driving disc 410 to rotate together through the frictional force with the driving disc 410. When the driving disc 410 rotates counterclockwise, through the cooperation of the plurality of arc-shaped chutes 411 and the plurality of limiting grooves 412, the plurality of cylinders 413 and the plurality of driving rods 416 can be driven to approach each other. When the cylinder 413 drives the corresponding threaded rod 414 and the parallel-axis gear 418 to move to the right through the corresponding fixing plate, at this time, the driving force applied to the parallel-axis gear 418 by the corresponding rack 417 can cause the threaded rod 414 to rotate under force, driving the sliding member 415 to move downward. When the sliding member 415 moves downward under force, it can drive the corresponding driving rod 416 to slide downward along the inclined surface of the tapered block 41. In this way, according to the initial drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2, the initial rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 driving the cutter wing body 2 can be automatically adjusted adaptively, that is, the initial rotation speed of the cutter wing body 2 is adjusted adaptively.

[0022] For example, when the drill bit body 1 drives the tapered block 41 to rotate under force (it is set that the drill bit body 1 drives the cutter wing body 2 to always rotate in the clockwise direction through the cooperation of the tapered block 41, the plurality of driving rods 416, and the plurality of cylinders 413), at this time, due to the different radii of the upper and lower ends of the tapered block 41, its angular velocity and linear velocity will change. According to the linear velocity formula, when the angular velocity is the same, the linear velocity of the upper and lower ends of the tapered block 41 is proportional to the radius, that is, the linear velocity increases with the increase of the radius. The upper end of the tapered block 41 is wide and has a large radius, and its linear velocity will also increase accordingly. When the plurality of driving rods 416 move and contact the upper end of the tapered block 41, at this time, through the frictional force between the tapered block 41 and the plurality of driving rods 416, when driving the plurality of driving rods 416, the plurality of cylinders 413, and the cutter wing body 2 to rotate, the rotation speed of the cutter wing body 2 will increase accordingly. When the plurality of driving rods 416 are forced to move downward gradually and the radius of contact with the tapered block 41 gradually decreases and the linear velocity gradually decreases, at this time, the rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 driving the cutter wing body 2 will also gradually decrease.

[0023] At the same time, to further improve the stability of the drill bit body 1 rotating under force and driving the cutter wing body 2 to rotate continuously through the cooperation of the tapered block 41 and the plurality of driving rods 416, the tapered block 41 and the plurality of driving rods 416 can be made of quenched steel and carburized steel materials respectively. For example, the friction coefficient of quenched steel (such as 42CrMo) and carburized steel is about 0.6 - 0.8, and its surface hardness can reach HRC50 - 60, which is suitable for medium and high speed, high load scenarios (such as industrial drill bit limit teeth). In this way, when the drill bit body 1 rotates under force, the stability of indirectly driving the cutter wing body 2 to rotate together can be ensured.

[0024] Refer to Figures 1 - 9, the pressure regulating component includes a placement groove formed in the blade body 2, and the limiting grooves 412 are all communicated with the placement groove. A pressing ring 419 is fixedly installed between the sliding members 415, and a disc spring body 420 is fixedly installed between the pressing ring 419 and the placement groove (as can be seen from Figure 4 that the disc spring body 420 is composed of a plurality of disc spring pieces).

[0025] As Figure 9 shown, it is set that the sliding members 415 are each composed of a nut and a telescopic rod. The nuts are all threadedly installed on the corresponding threaded rods 414. When the cylinder body 413 moves under force, the corresponding drive rods 416 can be driven to move up and down through the cooperation of the threaded rods 414 and the corresponding nuts. And during this process, when the nuts move horizontally and vertically, the pressing ring 419 can be driven to move up and down together by compressing the corresponding telescopic rods.

[0026] When the driving disc 410 is forced to rotate counterclockwise, driving a plurality of cylinder bodies 413 to approach each other, so that the threaded rods 414 rotate to drive the sliding members 415 and the drive rods 416 to gradually move downward, realizing the process of gradually reducing the rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 driving the blade body 2, the plurality of sliding members 415 can compress the vertically arranged disc spring body 420 through the pressing ring 419, and the force generated by the compression of the disc spring body 420 will be transmitted to the blade body 2, so as to achieve the effect of increasing the drilling pressure of the blade body 2.

[0027] When the micro motor 44 operates, causing the driving disc 410 to rotate counterclockwise, after adjusting the initial pre-tightening force of the two torsion springs 48 according to the initial torque of the blade body 2, the initial rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 driving the blade body 2 (i.e., the initial rotation speed of the blade body 2), and the drilling pressure adaptability of the blade body 2, the operation of the micro motor 44 can be stopped, and the electric telescopic rod 45 can be restarted. At this time, the operation of the electric telescopic rod 45 will drive the rotating gear 46 to move upward until it resets, so as to avoid the obstruction of the rotation of the gear disc 43 caused by the rotating gear 46 when the gear disc 43 is rotated by other driving forces in the subsequent process. After the rotating gear 46 moves upward and resets, the drilling equipment can be started, so that the drill bit body 1 and the blade body 2 cooperate to start the drilling operation.

[0028] Referring to Figures 6 - 10 、 Figures 11 - 18 , the induction component 6 includes support plates respectively fixedly installed on two elastic push rods 5. Rotating shafts 62 are rotatably installed on both support plates. Pawls 63 are fixedly installed on both rotating shafts 62. Grooves 68 evenly distributed in a ring shape are formed on the gear disc 43; Round rods penetrate through and are rotatably installed on both of the two extrusion members 49. Limiting teeth 67 are fixedly installed on both of the two round rods. Two fixing grooves are formed in the driving disk 410, and elastic members 69 evenly distributed in an arc shape are fixedly installed on both of the two fixing grooves. A pushing member is jointly installed between the two driving members 47 and the two extrusion members 49, and a force adjusting member is jointly installed between the two rotating shafts 62.

[0029] When the drill bit body 1 is subjected to force and rotates, and drives the cutter wing body 2 to rotate together through the cooperation of a plurality of driving rods 416 and a plurality of cylinders 413, since the initial pre-tightening forces of the two torsion springs 48 have been adjusted according to the initial torque of the cutter wing body 2 through the above-mentioned adjusting assembly 4, at this time, the cutter wing body 2 can drive the corresponding extrusion members 49 and the two torsion springs 48 to rotate together through the two elastic pushing rods 5. At the same time, through the cooperation of the two rotating shafts 62 and the corresponding ratchet claws 63 and the grooves 68, the gear disk 43 and the two driving members 47 can be driven to rotate together. Since the driving disk 410 and the cutter wing body 2 are in a synchronous rotation state at this time, that is, the plurality of arc-shaped chutes 411 and the corresponding limiting grooves 412 are in a relatively static state, at this time, the plurality of cylinders 413 and the plurality of driving rods 416 will not displace in the horizontal position (the horizontal direction specifically refers to the direction from left to right), so as to ensure that the cutter wing body 2 can carry out drilling work at a constant rotational speed and drilling pressure during the drilling process at this stage, thereby effectively ensuring the drilling effect of the equipment.

[0030] When the torque received by the cutter wing body 2 during rotation is lower than the initial torque (such as when the cutter wing body 2 drills into a soft formation), the thrust transmitted by the cutter wing body 2 to the two extrusion members 49 through the two elastic pushing rods 5 will also decrease accordingly. When the thrust of the two elastic pushing rods 5 rotating on the corresponding extrusion members 49 is less than the rotational resistance exerted by the two torsion springs 48 on the corresponding elastic pushing rods 5, at this time, the continuous rotation of the cutter wing body 2 driving the elastic pushing rods 5 will cause the two elastic pushing rods 5 to continuously rotate and slide along the lower inclined surfaces of the corresponding two extrusion members 49, and during this process, the two elastic pushing rods 5 will be continuously compressed.

[0031] When the torque received by the cutter blade body 2 decreases, the corresponding extrusion member 49 that the two elastic push rods 5 cannot continuously push moves, and when the two elastic push rods 5 continuously rotate, through the cooperation of the two rotating shafts 62 with the corresponding pawls 63 and the groove body 68, the cutter blade body 2 can continuously drive the gear disk 43 and the two driving members 47 to rotate during the continuous rotation process. At this time, through the continuous clockwise rotation of the two driving members 47 and the cooperation with the pushing member, the pre-tightening force of the two torsion springs 48 can be gradually reduced, that is, the resistance exerted by the two torsion springs 48 on the corresponding elastic push rods 5. When the rotational assistance exerted by the two torsion springs 48 on the corresponding elastic push rods 5 matches the rotational torque of the cutter blade body 2, during the continuous rotation process of the cutter blade body 2 and the two elastic push rods 5 at this time, the extrusion member 49, the two torsion springs 48, and the two driving members 47 can be pushed to continuously rotate together with the gear disk 43 (that is, at this time, they directly return to the state of rigid connection).

[0032] When the rotational torque of the above-mentioned cutter blade body 2 decreases, through the cooperation of the two elastic push rods 5 and the two pawls 63, the gear disk 43, the two driving members 47 and the driving disk 410 are continuously pushed to rotate circumferentially. At this time, since the two extrusion members 49 and the round rods and the limiting teeth 67 thereon are in a static state, the driving disk 410 will rotate relative to the two extrusion members 49 and the two limiting teeth 67 at this time. And at this time, by driving the plurality of elastic members 69 to rotate clockwise through the driving disk 410, the obstruction caused by the two limiting teeth 67 to the continuous rotation of the corresponding plurality of elastic members 69 will drive the corresponding plurality of elastic members 69 to rotate relative to the limiting teeth 67 and the round rods. Therefore, the frictional resistance between the two driving members 47 and the driving disk 410 will be increased at this time, and the rotational speed of the driving disk 410 will be reduced. At this time, a rotational speed difference will be generated between the driving disk 410 and the cutter blade body 2. And when the rotational speed of the cutter blade body 2 driving the plurality of limiting grooves 412 is greater than the rotational speed of the corresponding arc-shaped sliding grooves 411, at this time, the plurality of cylinders 413 will have a tendency of "advancing" in the corresponding arc-shaped sliding grooves 411. At this time, under the constraint of the arc-shaped sliding grooves 411, this "advancing" movement will cause the plurality of cylinders 413 to gradually move away from the outside (to further ensure that the arc-shaped sliding grooves 411 will not obstruct the movement of the corresponding "advancing" cylinders 413, it can be set that one end of the plurality of cylinders 413 in contact with the corresponding arc-shaped sliding grooves 411 has a certain elasticity, ensuring that during this stage, the plurality of cylinders 413 can move away from each other under force, and at the same time, it can be seen from Figure 17 that when the driving disk 410 is driven by force to drive the plurality of elastic members 69 to rotate counterclockwise, and the two extrusion members 49 cooperate to drive the two round rods and the two limiting teeth 67 to rotate clockwise, at this time, through the self-elasticity of the elastic members 69 and the setting of the tooth block inclined surface on the corresponding limiting teeth 67, it can be ensured that the tooth blocks on the two limiting teeth 67 will not obstruct the rotational displacement of the elastic members 69 in contact with them).

[0033] When the cylinder 413 drives the corresponding multiple driving rods 416 to move away from each other, the multiple sliding members 415 can be forced to move upward through the above-mentioned adjustment mechanism, driving the multiple driving rods 416 to gradually move upward along the inclined surface of the conical block 41, thereby gradually increasing the rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 through the cooperation of the conical block 41, the multiple driving rods 416, and the multiple cylinders 413 to drive the blade body 2, that is, the rotation speed of the blade body 2.

[0034] At the same time, when the multiple sliding parts 415 are forced to move upward step by step, driving the pressing ring 419 to move upward together, the pressure on the butterfly spring body 420 will be gradually released, that is, the drilling pressure on the blade wing body 2 will be gradually reduced. In this way, when the drilling torque of the blade wing body 2 is reduced, the rotation speed of the blade wing body 2 can be increased and the drilling pressure can be reduced in a timely and adaptive manner through the cooperation of the sensing component 6 and the adjusting component 4, thereby ensuring the drilling effect of the blade wing body 2 at this stage.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 - 18 The pushing component includes fixed rods 7 respectively fixedly mounted on two extrusion members 49, push-pull rods 8 are fixedly mounted on the two driving members 47, and one end of the two push-pull rods 8 are slidably mounted in the corresponding fixed rods 7, and limited sliding grooves are provided in the two fixed rods 7, and ball circulation members 9 are installed on the two limited sliding grooves, and the two ball circulation members 9 are fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed rods 7 and push-pull rods 8.

[0036] The force adjustment component includes a pushing member 61 fixedly mounted on the two push-pull rods 8 respectively, and an inclined block 64 is fixedly mounted on the two pushing members 61. A friction roller 65 is fixedly mounted on the two rotating shafts 62. A spring extrusion member 66 is fixedly mounted on the two friction rollers 65, and the two spring extrusion members 66 are matched with the corresponding inclined blocks 64.

[0037] from Figure 18 It can be seen that the two ball circulation parts 9 are composed of multiple balls, and two of the balls are fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed rod 7 and the push-pull rod 8 respectively. For example, when the push-pull rod 8 moves to the left relative to the fixed rod 7, the push-pull rod 8 can drive the corresponding ball to move to the left together. When the ball is displaced, the thrust applied to the remaining corresponding balls and the position limitation of the movement of these balls by the corresponding limit slide groove will cause the remaining balls to continue to rotate counterclockwise and roll in the limit slide groove (the two balls respectively connected to the corresponding fixed rod 7 and the push-pull rod 8 are slidingly displaced when moved by force). When the ball connected to the corresponding fixed rod 7 is continuously rolled counterclockwise to the right under the force, a thrust is applied to the fixed rod 7, causing the fixed rod 7 to move to the right.

[0038] Set the initial positions of the two elastic push rods 5 to be at the lowermost ends of the corresponding extrusion members 49, and the initial positions of the two elastic push rods 5 are at the lowest point positions of the extrusion members 49. In the initial state, when the adjustment assembly 4 drives the gear disk 43 and the two driving members 47 to rotate counterclockwise to compress the two torsion springs 48, at this time, the two driving members 47 will drive the corresponding push-pull rods 8 to displace together. When the push-pull rod 8 rotates under force and moves to the left, through the thrust applied to the corresponding ball circulating member 9, the two fixed rods 7 will be forced to displace to the right (by the above principle). When the two fixed rods 7 rotate under force and move to the right, the pulling force applied to the corresponding extrusion member 49 will cause the two extrusion members 49 to gradually rotate and displace to the right relative to the elastic push rods 5, and the torsion spring 48 between the extrusion member 49 and the corresponding driving member 47 is compressed (at this time, due to the self-elastic force of the two elastic push rods 5, the upper ends of the two elastic push rods 5 will continuously move upward to ensure that the upper ends of the two elastic push rods 5 always fit against the lower end surfaces of the extrusion members 49).

[0039] Meanwhile, when the gear disk 43 is in the initial state, and the two driving members 47 compress the two torsion springs 48 according to the drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2, causing the two push-pull rods 8 to continuously rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the two push-pull rods 8 will drive the corresponding pushing members 61 and inclined blocks 64 to rotate together. When the two inclined blocks 64 rotate, they will gradually apply pressure to the corresponding elastic members 69, and the compression force of the two elastic members 69 will be transmitted to the corresponding friction rollers 65, thereby achieving the effect of gradually increasing the friction force between the two friction rollers 65 and the corresponding elastic push rods 5, ensuring that the frictional resistance between the two friction rollers 65 and the corresponding elastic push rods 5 matches the torque received when the cutter wing body 2 drives the two elastic push rods 5 to rotate. That is, when the cutter wing body 2 drives the two extrusion members 49 and the torsion springs 48 to rotate together through the two elastic push rods 5, the frictional resistance between the two elastic push rods 5 and the corresponding friction rollers 65 cannot drive the friction rollers 65 to rotate together; Meanwhile, if the torque of the cutter wing body 2 decreases and it cannot drive the two extrusion members 49 to rotate continuously, but through the cooperation of the ratchet 63 and the groove body 68, when the gear disk 43, the two driving members 47, and the two push-pull rods 8 continue to rotate clockwise, at this time, the two push-pull rods 8 drive the corresponding pushing members 61 and inclined blocks 64 to rotate clockwise, which will gradually weaken the pressing force of the two inclined blocks 64 on the corresponding spring extrusion members 66, that is, gradually reduce the frictional resistance between the two friction rollers 65 and the corresponding elastic push rods 5, thereby ensuring that the two friction rollers 65 always match the drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2.

[0040] When the rotational torque of the cutter blade body 2 increases (such as when drilling into a hard formation), if the frictional force between the two elastic push rods 5 and the corresponding friction rollers 65 is greater than the frictional resistance between the two at this time, when the two elastic push rods 5 are continuously forced to rotate, the two friction rollers 65 can be driven to rotate clockwise. When the two friction rollers 65 are forced to rotate and drive the corresponding rotating shafts 62 and pawls 63 to rotate clockwise, the two pawls 63 will rotate out of the corresponding slots 68 (both ends of the two pawls 63 are provided with a certain elasticity, so as to ensure that when the two rotating shafts 62 rotate clockwise and drive the corresponding pawls 63 to move out of the corresponding slots 68, through the extrusion force of the two slots 68 on the ends of the corresponding pawls 63, the two pawls 63 can be smoothly rotated out, and when the two elastic push rods 5 stop driving the corresponding rotating shafts 62 to rotate subsequently, when the two rotating shafts 62 drive the corresponding pawls 63 to rotate counterclockwise to reset under the elastic force of the corresponding torsion springs, the two pawls 63 can smoothly enter the corresponding slots 68).

[0041] When the two pawls 63 move out of the corresponding slots 68, the continuous rotation of the two elastic push rods 5 can no longer continuously push the gear disk 43 and the two driving members 47 to rotate. At this time, through the continuous rotation of the two elastic push rods 5, an extrusion force will be applied to the corresponding extrusion members 49, causing the two extrusion members 49 to rotate and displace to compress the corresponding torsion springs 48 until the pre-tightening force of the two torsion springs 48 matches the increased torque of the cutter blade body 2.

[0042] And during this process, when the two pressing members 49 drive the corresponding fixing rods 7 to continuously rotate clockwise (i.e., move to the right), the two fixing rods 7 will, through the thrust exerted on the corresponding ball circulating members 9, cause the two ball circulating members 9 to push the corresponding push-pull rods 8 to rotate counterclockwise to the left. When the two push-pull rods 8 rotate counterclockwise to the left, through the cooperation of the corresponding pushing members 61 and the inclined blocks 64, the compressive force on the corresponding spring pressing members 66 will be gradually increased, that is, the frictional resistance between the two friction rollers 65 and the corresponding elastic pushing rods 5 will be gradually increased. In this way, the effect that the frictional resistance between the two friction rollers 65 and the corresponding elastic pushing rods 5 matches the newly added torque of the cutter wing body 2 can be ensured. In this way, when the torque of the cutter wing body continues to increase on this basis subsequently, the effect that the two elastic pushing rods 5 can drive the friction rollers 65 to rotate again can be ensured. At the same time, by synchronously increasing the frictional resistance between the two friction rollers 65 and the corresponding elastic pushing rods 5, when the two elastic pushing rods 5 rotate to compress the corresponding torsion springs 48, after the two torsion springs 48 match the newly added torque of the cutter wing body 2, the frictional resistance between the two friction rollers 65 and the elastic pushing rods 5 will cause the elastic pushing rods 5 to be unable to continuously drive the friction rollers 65 to rotate. At this time, under the elastic force of the corresponding torsion springs, the friction rollers 65 will drive the corresponding rotating shafts 62 and pawls 63 to rotate and reset (the friction rollers 65 are set to rotate only in a small arc, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the squeezing force exerted by the corresponding inclined blocks 64 on the corresponding spring pressing members 66).

[0043] Furthermore, when the two push-pull rods 8 are forced to rotate counterclockwise and drive the corresponding driving members 47 to rotate together, at this time, through the frictional force between the two driving members 47 and the corresponding driving disks 410, the driving disks 410 can be made to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, through the cooperation of the arc-shaped chutes 411 and the multiple limiting slots 412, the multiple cylinders 413 can be made to move away from each other. During this process, through the cooperation with the adjusting assembly 4, the rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 driving the cutter wing body 2 will be gradually reduced, and the drilling pressure of the cutter wing body 2 will be gradually increased. In this way, when the drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2 increases, the rotation speed and drilling pressure of the cutter wing body 2 can be adjusted in a timely manner and adaptively, which can effectively improve the stability and effect of the equipment during drilling, and at the same time, can effectively reduce the wear of the cutter wing body 2 during continuous drilling and delay its service life.

[0044] Further explanation, the above fixed connection, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be welding, gluing, or integrally formed setting, etc., which are common means well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0045] In the present invention, when the device is required to perform a drilling operation, first, by starting the micro-motor 44 and the electric telescopic rod 45, the gear disk 43 is driven to rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle until the initial pre-tightening forces of the two torsion springs 48 match the initial drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2. And during this process, through the cooperation of the gear disk 43, the two driving members 47, the driving disk 410, and the multiple limiting grooves 412, the multiple cylinders 413 can be driven to drive the corresponding driving rods 416 to approach each other. When the multiple cylinders 413 are stressed and approach each other, through the cooperation with the adjusting mechanism, the multiple driving rods 416 can be driven to gradually move downward along the inclined surface of the tapered block 41, that is, gradually reduce the rotation of the drill bit body 1 under stress. Through the cooperation of the tapered block 41, the multiple driving rods 416, and the multiple cylinders 413, the initial rotation speed of the cutter wing body 2 is driven, and at the same time, through the pressure regulating component, the initial drilling pressure of the cutter wing body 2 can be gradually increased, so as to ensure the effect that the drilling speed and the drilling pressure of the cutter wing body 2 match its drilling torque, effectively increase the drilling effect of the cutter wing body 2, and effectively reduce the wear of the cutter wing body 2 during the drilling process.

[0046] Meanwhile, if the drilling torque of the cutter wing body 2 decreases, at this time, through the cooperation of the induction component 6 and the adjustment component 4, the pre-tightening force of the two torsion springs 48 can be timely weakened to increase the rotation speed of the drill bit body 1 driving the cutter wing body 2 under stress, that is, increase the rotation speed of the cutter wing body 2, and at the same time, adaptively reduce the drilling pressure of the cutter wing body 2, so as to ensure the drilling effect of the cutter wing body 2 at this stage. Meanwhile, if the drill bit torque of the cutter wing body 2 increases, at this time, through the cooperation of the induction component 6 and the adjustment component 4, the drilling speed of the cutter wing body 2 can be timely and adaptively reduced and the drilling pressure can be increased, so as to effectively ensure the drilling effect of the cutter wing body 2 at this stage and effectively reduce the wear of the cutter wing body 2, which helps to improve its service life.

[0047] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PDC bit for oil drilling, comprising a bit body (1), a blade body (2), and an infusion pipeline (3), characterized in that, An adjustment component (4) is jointly provided between the drill bit body (1) and the cutter blade body (2) for automatically adjusting the rotation speed and drilling pressure of the cutter blade body (2). The adjustment component (4) includes a conical block (41) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill bit body (1). A rolling bearing (42) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill bit body (1). A gear disc (43) is rotatably installed on the rolling bearing (42). Two chute grooves are formed on the gear disc (43). Driving members (47) are fixedly installed on both of the two chute grooves. Extrusion members (49) are slidably installed on both of the two chute grooves. Torsion springs (48) are fixedly installed between the two extrusion members (49) and the corresponding driving members (47). Two elastic push rods (5) that cooperate with the corresponding extrusion members (49) are fixedly installed on the cutter blade body (2). A driving disc (410) is placed on the cutter blade body (2). An adjustment mechanism is jointly installed between the driving disc (410) and the cutter blade body (2). An induction component (6) is arranged on the driving disc (410) for automatically sensing the drilling torque of the cutter blade body (2).

2. The PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes limiting grooves (412) evenly formed in a ring shape on the cutter blade body (2). Arc-shaped chute grooves (411) evenly distributed in a ring shape are formed on the driving disc (410). Cylinders (413) are slidably installed on the limiting grooves (412), and the upper ends of the cylinders (413) are slidably installed on the corresponding arc-shaped chute grooves (411). Fixed plates are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the cylinders (413). Threaded rods (414) are respectively inserted through and rotatably installed on the fixed plates. Sliding members (415) are threadedly installed on the threaded rods (414), and the sliding members (415) are slidably installed on the corresponding cylinders (413). Driving rods (416) are fixedly installed at the upper ends of the sliding members (415), and the driving rods (416) cooperate with the conical block (41). A driving component is jointly installed between the threaded rod (414) and the limiting groove (412). A pressure regulating component is jointly installed between the sliding members (415).

3. The PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component includes racks (417) respectively fixedly installed on the limiting grooves (412). Parallel shaft gears (418) meshing with the corresponding racks (417) are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the threaded rods (414).

4. A PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that The pressure regulating component includes a placement groove formed in the cutter blade body (2), and the limiting grooves (412) communicate with the placement groove. A pressing ring (419) is jointly fixedly installed between the sliding members (415). A butterfly spring body (420) is jointly fixedly installed between the pressing ring (419) and the placement groove.

5. A PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The induction component (6) includes support plates respectively and fixedly mounted on two elastic push rods (5). Rotating shafts (62) are rotatably mounted on both of the two support plates. Torsion springs are fixedly mounted between the two rotating shafts (62) and the corresponding support plates. Pawls (63) are fixedly mounted on both of the two rotating shafts (62). Grooves (68) are formed in the gear disk (43) and are evenly distributed in a ring shape. Round rods penetrate through and are rotatably mounted on both of the two pressing members (49). Limiting teeth (67) are fixedly mounted on both of the two round rods. Two fixing grooves are formed in the driving disk (410). Elastic members (69) are fixedly mounted on both of the two fixing grooves and are evenly distributed in an arc shape. A pushing component is commonly mounted between the two driving members (47) and the two pressing members (49). A force adjusting component is commonly mounted between the two rotating shafts (62).

6. The PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 5, wherein The pushing component includes fixing rods (7) respectively and fixedly mounted on the two pressing members (49). Push-pull rods (8) are fixedly mounted on both of the two driving members (47). One ends of the two push-pull rods (8) are slidably mounted in the corresponding fixing rods (7). Limiting sliding grooves are formed in both of the two fixing rods (7). Ball circulating members (9) are mounted on both of the two limiting sliding grooves. Both of the two ball circulating members (9) are fixedly connected to the corresponding fixing rods (7) and push-pull rods (8).

7. A PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that, The force adjusting component includes pushing members (61) respectively and fixedly mounted on the two push-pull rods (8). Inclined blocks (64) are fixedly mounted on both of the two pushing members (61). Friction rollers (65) are fixedly mounted on both of the two rotating shafts (62). Spring pressing members (66) are fixedly mounted on both of the two friction rollers (65). Both of the two spring pressing members (66) are matched with the corresponding inclined blocks (64).

8. A PDC bit for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, A groove is formed in the cutter blade body (2). A micro motor (44) is fixedly mounted on the groove. An electric telescopic rod (45) is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the micro motor (44). A rotating gear (46) matched with the gear disk (43) is fixedly mounted on the electric telescopic rod (45).

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