Large-gradient auxiliary device and driving and anchoring machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of miner-bolters, in particular to a large-gradient auxiliary device and a miner-bolter, the large-gradient auxiliary device comprises: a longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism for providing stable support by jacking a roadway roof when the miner-bolter advances or retreats so as to improve the adhesive force and operation stability of the miner-bolter on a ramp; the longitudinal moving auxiliary mechanism comprises a longitudinal supporting shoe and a longitudinal lifting frame, and the longitudinal supporting shoe is connected with the longitudinal lifting frame in a sliding mode. During operation, the longitudinal supporting shoes tightly abut against a roadway top plate, reaction supporting force is generated, the positive pressure between the track of the bolter miner and the ground is effectively improved, and therefore friction force is enhanced, the bolter miner is prevented from sliding in a large-gradient roadway, and the brake control capacity and stability of the bolter miner in a slope section are improved. The longitudinal lifting frame can be automatically controlled to ascend and descend through a hydraulic system, equipment supporting and unlocking can be rapidly completed, and the tunneling efficiency and operation continuity in unit time are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of roadheader-anchoring machines, and in particular to a large-slope auxiliary device and a roadheader-anchoring machine. Background Art

[0002] A roadheader-anchoring machine, also known as a roadheader, is a comprehensive engineering construction machinery integrating tunneling and anchoring operations. It is mainly used for roadway construction in fields such as coal mines, tunnels, and underground projects. Generally, it consists of multiple modules such as a cutting system, a conveying system, a walking chassis, a bolt support system, an electrical and hydraulic control system, etc. The cutting system is used to break the rock formation in front, and the conveying system transports the crushed materials to the rear of the equipment for cleaning; the anchoring system integrates an automatic bolt drill and a cable installation tool, which is used to implement anchoring support on the top and both sides of the roadway; with the cooperation of a step-type or crawler-type walking mechanism, the equipment can achieve precise positioning and continuous propulsion in a narrow roadway.

[0003] For example, a tunneling system disclosed in a Chinese patent with the application number 202310006826.8 integrates and integrates a cutting device, a support device, a bolt device, a transportation device, a scraper plate device, a power device, and a step-type walking mechanism, and is set as an integrated tunneling system. By using the integrated system for centralized operation, the operation efficiency of the tunneling system is effectively improved.

[0004] However, when a traditional roadheader-anchoring machine performs large-slope tunneling, it is necessary to first fix the auxiliary climbing device, and the auxiliary climbing device is rigidly connected to the roadheader-anchoring machine, resulting in difficulties in moving the traditional roadheader-anchoring machine back and forth, left and right, and difficulties in cutting and collecting materials or even being unable to perform cutting and collecting operations at all. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0006] To this end, this application provides a large-slope auxiliary device. During operation, the longitudinal support boots press tightly against the roof of the roadway, generating a reaction support force, effectively increasing the normal pressure between the track of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the ground, thereby enhancing the friction force, preventing the roadheader-anchoring machine from slipping in a large-slope roadway, and improving the braking control ability and stability of the roadheader-anchoring machine on the slope section; the longitudinal lifting frame can be automatically controlled to lift and lower through a hydraulic system, and can quickly complete equipment support and unlocking, improving the tunneling efficiency per unit time and the operation continuity.

[0007] This application also provides a roadheader-anchoring machine including the above-mentioned large-slope auxiliary device.

[0008] A large slope auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes: a longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism, which is used to provide stable support by supporting the tunnel roof when the anchor miner moves forward or backward, so as to improve the adhesion and operating stability of the anchor miner on the slope; the longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism includes: a longitudinal support boot and a longitudinal lifting frame, the longitudinal support boot is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame; the longitudinal support boot is used to support the tunnel roof, and the longitudinal lifting frame is used to control the longitudinal support boot to rise or fall.

[0009] Optionally, the longitudinal support boot includes: a longitudinal support plate, a longitudinal movable plate and a longitudinal return cylinder, wherein the longitudinal support plate is arranged on the longitudinal movable plate; the longitudinal movable plate is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame; one end of the longitudinal return cylinder is connected to the longitudinal movable plate, and the other end is connected to the longitudinal lifting frame.

[0010] Optionally, a longitudinal disc spring group is provided between the longitudinal support plate and the longitudinal movable plate.

[0011] Optionally, the longitudinal lifting frame includes: a longitudinal sliding base, a longitudinal telescopic inner frame and a longitudinal telescopic outer frame, wherein the longitudinal movable plate is slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding base, and the longitudinal sliding base is arranged at the top of the longitudinal telescopic inner frame; the longitudinal telescopic inner frame is arranged inside the longitudinal telescopic outer frame, and the longitudinal telescopic inner frame and the longitudinal telescopic outer frame form a telescopic arm structure.

[0012] Optionally, the longitudinal sliding base includes: a pulley and a baffle, the pulley is arranged between two baffles; the longitudinal moving plate includes: a flat plate and a triangular slide rail, the triangular slide rail is arranged below the flat plate; the pulley is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the triangular slide rail is arranged in the V-shaped groove.

[0013] Optionally, the large slope auxiliary device also includes: a lateral movement auxiliary mechanism, which is used to provide stable support by supporting the tunnel roof when the anchor miner moves left and right, so as to improve the adhesion and operating stability of the anchor miner on the slope; the lateral movement auxiliary mechanism includes: a lateral support boot and a lateral lifting frame, the lateral support boot is slidably connected to the lateral lifting frame; the lateral support boot is used to support the tunnel roof, and the lateral lifting frame is used to control the rise or fall of the lateral support boot.

[0014] Optionally, the transverse support boot includes: a transverse support plate, a transverse movable plate and a transverse return cylinder, wherein the transverse support plate is arranged on the transverse movable plate; the transverse movable plate is slidably connected to the transverse lifting frame; one end of the transverse return cylinder is connected to the transverse movable plate, and the other end is connected to the transverse lifting frame.

[0015] Optionally, a transverse disc spring group is provided between the transverse support plate and the transverse movable plate.

[0016] Optionally, the transverse lifting frame includes: a transverse sliding rail plate, a transverse telescopic inner frame and a transverse telescopic outer frame, wherein the transverse movable plate is slidably connected to the transverse sliding rail plate, and the transverse sliding rail plate is arranged at the top of the transverse telescopic inner frame; the transverse telescopic inner frame is arranged inside the transverse telescopic outer frame, and the transverse telescopic inner frame and the transverse telescopic outer frame form a telescopic arm structure.

[0017] A bolter miner according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes the large slope auxiliary device of the first aspect or its various implementations.

[0018] One of the above technical solutions has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: A large slope auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism, which is used to provide stable support by supporting the tunnel roof when the anchor digger moves forward or backward, so as to improve the adhesion and operation stability of the anchor digger on the slope; the longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism includes: a longitudinal support boot and a longitudinal lifting frame, and the longitudinal support boot is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame; the longitudinal support boot is used to support the tunnel roof, and the longitudinal lifting frame is used to control the longitudinal support boot to rise or fall. During operation, the longitudinal support boot presses against the tunnel roof to generate a reaction support force, effectively increasing the positive pressure between the anchor digger track and the ground, thereby enhancing friction, preventing the anchor digger from slipping in a large slope tunnel, and improving the braking control ability and stability of the anchor digger in the slope section; the longitudinal lifting frame can automatically control the lifting and lowering through the hydraulic system, and can quickly complete the support and unlocking of the equipment, thereby improving the excavation efficiency per unit time and the continuity of operation.

[0019] The anchor digger provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with the large slope auxiliary device mentioned above. Since the large slope auxiliary device has the above-mentioned technical effects, the anchor digger provided with the large slope auxiliary device should also have corresponding technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a large slope assist device provided by the present application is shown; Figure 2 A front view of the longitudinal movement assisting mechanism provided by the present application is shown; Figure 3 A side view of the longitudinal movement assisting mechanism provided by the present application is shown; Figure 4 A front view of a longitudinal support shoe provided by the present application is shown; Figure 5Shows a side view of the longitudinal support boot provided by the present application; Figure 6 Shows a front view of the longitudinal lifting frame provided by the present application; Figure 7 Shows a side view of the longitudinal lifting frame provided by the present application; Figure 8 Shows a front view of the lateral movement assisting mechanism provided by the present application; Figure 9 Shows a side view of the lateral movement assisting mechanism provided by the present application; Figure 10 Shows a front view of the lateral support boot provided by the present application; Figure 11 Shows a side view of the lateral support boot provided by the present application; Figure 12 Shows a front view of the lateral lifting frame provided by the present application; Figure 13 Shows a side view of the lateral lifting frame provided by the present application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Longitudinal movement assisting mechanism, 11. Longitudinal support boot, 111. Longitudinal support plate, 112. Longitudinal moving plate, 1121. Flat plate, 1122. Triangular slide rail, 113. Longitudinal return oil cylinder, 114. Longitudinal disc spring group, 12. Longitudinal lifting frame, 121. Longitudinal sliding base, 1211. Pulley, 1212. Baffle, 122. Longitudinal telescopic inner frame, 123. Longitudinal telescopic outer frame, 2. Lateral movement assisting mechanism, 21. Lateral support boot, 211. Lateral support plate, 212. Lateral moving plate, 213. Lateral return oil cylinder, 214. Lateral disc spring group, 22. Lateral lifting frame, 221. Lateral slide rail plate, 222. Lateral telescopic inner frame, 223. Lateral telescopic outer frame. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] For better explaining the present application for easy understanding, the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings through specific implementation manners. The orientation nouns such as "front", "rear", "inner" and "outer" mentioned herein are with reference to the orientation of Figure 1 and Figure 2 The forward direction of the roadheader is defined as "front"; the position of the longitudinal telescopic inner frame 122 relative to the longitudinal telescopic outer frame 123 is defined as "inner".

[0024] As mentioned above, in a tunneling system disclosed in the Chinese patent application number 202310006826.8, the anchor miner adopts a step-by-step walking mode and can move in a straight line forward, backward, left and right. The forward and backward single step distance is about 1 meter, and the left and right single movement distance is about 0.1 meter. The left and right movement function is used when correcting the position of the equipment in the tunnel. However, the support mechanism of the anchor miner is only used to press the slide rail to the ground to form ground support, and lacks the ability to actively support the tunnel roof. In a steep tunnel, the equipment is prone to slide downward. Therefore, it is necessary to manually fix the auxiliary climbing device, and the auxiliary climbing device is rigidly connected to the anchor miner, which makes it difficult for the traditional anchor miner to move forward, backward, left and right, and the cutting and collecting operations are difficult or impossible. There is an urgent need for an intelligent auxiliary device that can provide reverse support for the roof in steep tunnels, support multi-directional movement of equipment, and have automatic reset and buffer protection.

[0025] In order to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technology, the present application provides a large slope auxiliary device and an anchor digger, the large slope auxiliary device includes: a longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism, which is used to provide stable support by supporting the tunnel roof when the anchor digger moves forward or backward, so as to improve the adhesion and operation stability of the anchor digger on the slope; the longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism includes: a longitudinal support shoe and a longitudinal lifting frame, the longitudinal support shoe is slidably connected with the longitudinal lifting frame; the longitudinal support shoe is used to support the tunnel roof, and the longitudinal lifting frame is used to control the longitudinal support shoe to rise or fall. During operation, the longitudinal support shoe presses against the tunnel roof to generate a reaction support force, effectively increasing the positive pressure between the anchor digger track and the ground, thereby enhancing friction, preventing the anchor digger from slipping in a large slope tunnel, and improving the braking control ability and stability of the anchor digger in the slope section; the longitudinal lifting frame can automatically control the lifting and lowering through the hydraulic system, and can quickly complete the equipment support and unlocking, thereby improving the excavation efficiency per unit time and the continuity of operation.

[0026] The following describes a large slope auxiliary device and an anchor digger according to some embodiments provided by the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 13 The present application provides a large slope auxiliary device, including: a longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism 1, which is used to provide stable support by supporting the tunnel roof when the anchor miner moves forward or backward, so as to improve the adhesion and operation stability of the anchor miner on the slope; the longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism 1 includes: a longitudinal support shoe 11 and a longitudinal lifting frame 12, and the longitudinal support shoe 11 is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame 12; the longitudinal support shoe 11 is used to support the tunnel roof, and the longitudinal lifting frame 12 is used to control the longitudinal support shoe 11 to rise or fall.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, when the roadheader-anchoring machine enters the large-slope roadway section, the operator starts the longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism 1 through the control system. The longitudinal lifting frame 12 drives the longitudinal support shoes 11 to slowly rise until the top surface of the support shoes fits against the roadway roof. The sliding direction of the longitudinal lifting frame 12 and the longitudinal support shoes 11 is the same as the forward or backward direction of the roadheader-anchoring machine. The walking mechanism of the roadheader-anchoring machine starts, and it moves forward or backward in a single step of about 1 meter, that is, the stepping distance in the longitudinal direction is 1 meter. At this time, the longitudinal support shoes 11 remain in contact with the roadway roof, and the roadway roof is directly pressed against by the longitudinal support shoes 11 to form an upward support force. This force acts downward on the roadheader-anchoring machine chassis through the mechanical structure, increasing the pressing force of the equipment on the ground, thereby improving the frictional adhesion and enhancing the anti-slip ability on the ramp. Since the longitudinal support shoes 11 are fixed to the roof and their bodies remain relatively stationary, the longitudinal lifting frame 12 and the longitudinal support shoes 11 slide and move along with the main body of the equipment. In this way, the support does not interfere with the movement, forming a coordination mechanism between support and propulsion. After the roadheader-anchoring machine moves to a new position, the longitudinal lifting frame 12 contracts, driving the longitudinal support shoes 11 to descend and separate from the roadway roof, completing a closed-loop operation of one movement cycle, and then continuously repeating the above process.

[0029] Furthermore, multiple longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanisms 1 can be provided. For example, three longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanisms 1 are provided on the structure of the roadheader-anchoring machine and are distributed at the front, middle, and rear positions in the longitudinal direction of the roadheader-anchoring machine. The three longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanisms 1 can simultaneously raise their corresponding longitudinal support shoes 11 to fit against the roadway roof, forming a front-middle-rear three-point support structure. The three longitudinal support shoes 11 jointly press against the roadway roof, forming a multi-point distributed stable support framework, which can effectively disperse the support load and reduce the single-point support pressure. Multiple longitudinal support shoes 11 can construct a uniform and stable reaction force network, no longer relying on single-point support, effectively avoiding local pressure concentration on the roof, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the roof structure and enhancing the safety of the roadway structure.

[0030] In a schematic implementation manner, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the longitudinal support shoes 11 include: a longitudinal support plate 111, a longitudinal moving plate 112, and a longitudinal return oil cylinder 113. Among them, the longitudinal support plate 111 is arranged on the longitudinal moving plate 112; the longitudinal moving plate 112 is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame 12; one end of the longitudinal return oil cylinder 113 is connected to the longitudinal moving plate 112, and the other end is connected to the longitudinal lifting frame 12.

[0031] The longitudinal support plate 111 is a load-bearing member that directly contacts the tunnel roof. It is usually made of high-strength steel plate. Its surface can be provided with a wear-resistant layer or high-friction material to enhance the adhesion and anti-slip ability with the roof. The longitudinal movable plate 112 is used as a bearing and guiding platform for the longitudinal support plate 111. It is connected to the longitudinal lifting frame 12 by a sliding structure to ensure the stability and guidance of the longitudinal support plate 111 during the lifting process. The longitudinal return cylinder 113 is used to control the longitudinal movable plate 112 to return to the initial position in the unsupported state. When the longitudinal support plate 111 supports the tunnel roof, the walking mechanism of the anchor miner is started, and the forward or backward single step is about 1 meter. The longitudinal lifting frame 12 and the longitudinal movable plate 112 slide and move with the main body of the equipment. The longitudinal return cylinder 113 extends with the movement of the longitudinal lifting frame 12; when the longitudinal lifting frame 12 descends to release the support, the longitudinal return cylinder 113 contracts and drives the longitudinal movable plate 112 back to the initial position to complete the reset.

[0032] Furthermore, the two side edges of the longitudinal support plate 111 are provided with downward bending parts, and the bending direction of the bending parts is at an obtuse angle with the plane direction of the longitudinal support plate 111, forming a hat-shaped structure. The obtuse bending parts make the edge of the longitudinal support plate 111 no longer a simple thin sheet boundary, but a reinforcing rib structure similar to a hat brim, which improves the bending strength and pressure bearing capacity through spatial bending deformation, and significantly improves the structural stability of the longitudinal support plate 111 under the action of longitudinal concentrated load.

[0033] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a longitudinal disc spring group 114 is provided between the longitudinal support plate 111 and the longitudinal movable plate 112 .

[0034] The longitudinal disc spring group 114 is an elastic element formed by a plurality of disc springs, also called disc springs, arranged in parallel. The disc spring is an annular conical elastic sheet with a height difference between its inner and outer edges. After being subjected to force, it can be axially compressed and deformed to provide a strong elastic reaction force, and play multiple roles such as buffering and shock absorption, elastic adjustment, and redundant protection. The longitudinal disc spring group 114 is arranged between the longitudinal support plate 111 and the longitudinal movable plate 112. In the process of the longitudinal support plate 111 supporting the tunnel roof, the longitudinal disc spring group 114 can provide a certain elastic deformation space, effectively buffer the rigid contact between the longitudinal support plate 111 and the roof, and prevent the local impact load caused by the unevenness of the tunnel roof or sudden loading, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the roof rock layer and improving the stability of the tunnel structure; at the same time, because the longitudinal disc spring group 114 absorbs part of the support impact and the vibration load during operation, it reduces the mechanical stress acting on the connection between the longitudinal movable plate 112 and the longitudinal lifting frame 12, thereby reducing component fatigue and wear, significantly extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance frequency and operating costs.

[0035] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the longitudinal lifting frame 12 includes: a longitudinal sliding base 121, a longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 and a longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123. Among them, the longitudinal moving plate 112 is slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding base 121, and the longitudinal sliding base 121 is disposed at the top end of the longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122; the longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 is disposed inside the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123, and the longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 and the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123 form a telescopic arm structure.

[0036] The longitudinal sliding base 121 is installed at the top end of the longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 as a bearing and guiding platform for the longitudinal moving plate 112. The longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 and the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123 adopt a nested telescopic arm structure. The longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 is nested in the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123 as the main telescopic unit, and the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123 is fixed to the roadheader body structure as an installation base, and cooperates with the hydraulic cylinder drive to realize the lifting action. The longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 and the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123 adopt a sleeve-type nested structure design, which not only saves the layout height in space, but also greatly improves the bearing capacity. Especially in a large-slope environment, this structure can effectively transmit the longitudinal support force and can flexibly adjust the extension distance according to the requirements of different roadway heights and slope angles.

[0037] Further, a roller guide ring, a limit pin, a dust seal, etc. can be provided between the longitudinally telescopic inner frame 122 and the longitudinally telescopic outer frame 123 to improve the smoothness and durability of the telescopic action.

[0038] In a schematic embodiment, the longitudinal sliding base 121 includes: pulleys 1211 and baffles 1212, and the pulleys 1211 are disposed between the two baffles 1212; the longitudinal moving plate 112 includes: a flat plate 1111 and a triangular slide rail 1112, and the triangular slide rail 1112 is disposed below the flat plate 1111; the pulleys 1211 are provided with V-shaped grooves, and the triangular slide rail 1112 is disposed in the V-shaped grooves.

[0039] The baffles 1212 are located on both sides of the pulleys 1211 to form a clamping structure and provide mounting holes for the pulleys 1211; the baffles 1212 themselves are used as the supporting part of the longitudinal sliding base 121, and can be processed into an integral structure or installed on both sides of the pulley bearing seat by bolt connection, which is convenient for on-site maintenance.

[0040] The triangular slide rail 1112 meshes with the V-groove of the pulley 1211 through its inclined surface. When the anchor miner changes its posture, it can still maintain a good geometric center match without deflection or jamming. It has a strong ability to resist lateral forces and is suitable for operation in complex ramp environments underground. Compared with the traditional plane sliding structure, the V-groove structure of the pulley 1211 can start sliding under relatively small forces, and can maintain low-wear and low-energy sliding characteristics in dusty and humid environments.

[0041] Furthermore, an L-shaped groove is provided on the upper part of the baffle 1212 for clamping the triangular slide rail 1112. When the lower part of the triangular slide rail 1112 is inserted into the V-shaped groove of the pulley 1211, the upper edge part of the triangular slide rail 1112 is embedded in the groove space in the L-shaped groove. The L-shaped groove provides a vertical limiting boundary during the operation of the triangular slide rail 1112, which effectively prevents the triangular slide rail 1112 from slipping out of the V-shaped groove due to impact, vibration or ramp inclination, thereby improving operational reliability.

[0042] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the large slope auxiliary device also includes: a lateral movement auxiliary mechanism 2, which is used to provide stable support by supporting the tunnel roof when the anchor miner moves left and right, so as to improve the adhesion and operation stability of the anchor miner on the slope; the lateral movement auxiliary mechanism 2 includes: a lateral support shoe 21 and a lateral lifting frame 22, and the lateral support shoe 21 is slidably connected to the lateral lifting frame 22; the lateral support shoe 21 is used to support the tunnel roof, and the lateral lifting frame 22 is used to control the lateral support shoe 21 to rise or fall.

[0043] The lateral movement auxiliary mechanism 2 is a second type of support mechanism parallel to the longitudinal movement auxiliary mechanism 1, and is mainly used to provide continuous and reliable top plate reaction support force when the anchor miner is fine-tuned left and right on the ramp section. The functions of the lateral support boot 21 and the lateral lifting frame 22 are similar to those of the longitudinal support boot 11 and the longitudinal lifting frame 12. The sliding direction of the lateral support boot 21 and the lateral lifting frame 22 is consistent with the left and right movement direction of the anchor miner, that is, the sliding direction of the lateral support boot 21 and the lateral lifting frame 22 is orthogonal to the sliding direction of the longitudinal lifting frame 12 and the longitudinal support boot 11. In actual operation, the anchor miner often needs to be adjusted laterally, that is, moved left and right, to keep the cutting axis consistent with the direction of the roadway. The lateral movement auxiliary mechanism 2 forms a reaction force by supporting the top plate, so that the equipment always has a reliable support foundation during the left and right movement to prevent the equipment from slipping or drifting.

[0044] Furthermore, the lateral movement assisting mechanism 2 can be arranged staggeredly with the longitudinal movement assisting mechanism 1. By the cooperation of the lateral movement assisting mechanism 2 and the longitudinal movement assisting mechanism 1, the roadheader-anchor can achieve full coverage of front-back movement and left-right movement support in a roadway with a large slope, construct a full-space support system, and adapt to complex ramp, variable cross-section, and multi-process continuous construction scenarios.

[0045] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, the lateral support shoe 21 includes: a lateral support plate 211, a lateral moving plate 212, and a lateral return oil cylinder 213. Among them, the lateral support plate 211 is arranged on the lateral moving plate 212; the lateral moving plate 212 is slidably connected to the lateral lifting frame 22; one end of the lateral return oil cylinder 213 is connected to the lateral moving plate 212, and the other end is connected to the lateral lifting frame 22.

[0046] The lateral support plate 211 is a stress member in direct contact with the roadway roof, usually composed of high-strength steel plates, and its surface can be provided with a wear-resistant layer or high-friction materials to enhance the bonding performance and anti-slip ability with the roof. The lateral moving plate 212 serves as a loading and guiding platform for the lateral support plate 211 and is connected to the lateral lifting frame 22 by a sliding structure to ensure the smoothness and guiding property of the lateral support plate 211 during the lifting process. The lateral return oil cylinder 213 is used to control the lateral moving plate 212 to return to the initial position in the non-support state. When the lateral support plate 211 abuts against the roadway roof for support, the lateral walking mechanism of the roadheader-anchor starts, and it moves left or right by about 0.1 meter per step, that is, the stepping distance in the lateral direction is 0.1 meter. The lateral lifting frame 22 and the lateral moving plate 212 generate slippage and move along with the main body of the equipment, and the lateral return oil cylinder 213 extends along with the movement of the lateral lifting frame 22; when the lateral lifting frame 22 descends to release the support, the lateral return oil cylinder 213 contracts to drive the lateral moving plate 212 to return to the initial position to complete the reset.

[0047] Furthermore, downward bending parts are provided at both side edges of the lateral support plate 211. The downward bending direction of the bending parts forms an obtuse angle with the plane direction of the lateral support plate 211, forming a cap-shaped structure. The obtuse bending part makes the edge of the lateral support plate 211 no longer a simple thin sheet boundary, but an approximately cap-eave-shaped reinforcing rib structure, which improves the bending resistance and bearing capacity through spatial bending deformation, especially significantly improving the structural stability of the lateral support plate 211 under the action of lateral concentrated loads.

[0048] The functions of the transverse support plate 211, the transverse moving plate 212 and the transverse return oil cylinder 213 are the same as those of the longitudinal support plate 111, the longitudinal moving plate 112 and the longitudinal return oil cylinder 113. However, since the step distance when the roadheader moves left and right is smaller than the step distance when it moves forward or backward, the sliding distance generated between the transverse lifting frame 22 and the transverse moving plate 212 is also smaller than the sliding distance generated between the longitudinal lifting frame 12 and the longitudinal moving plate 112.

[0049] In a schematic embodiment, a transverse disc spring group 214 is provided between the transverse support plate 211 and the transverse moving plate 212. The function of the transverse disc spring group 214 is the same as that of the longitudinal disc spring group 114, which will not be elaborated here.

[0050] In a schematic embodiment, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the transverse lifting frame 22 includes: a transverse slide rail plate 221, a transverse telescopic inner frame 222 and a transverse telescopic outer frame 223. Among them, the transverse moving plate 212 is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail plate 221, and the transverse slide rail plate 221 is arranged at the top of the transverse telescopic inner frame 222; the transverse telescopic inner frame 222 is arranged inside the transverse telescopic outer frame 223, and the transverse telescopic inner frame 222 and the transverse telescopic outer frame 223 form a telescopic arm structure.

[0051] The functions of the transverse telescopic inner frame 222 and the transverse telescopic outer frame 223 are the same as those of the longitudinal telescopic inner frame 122 and the longitudinal telescopic outer frame 123, which will not be elaborated here.

[0052] The transverse slide rail plate 221 serves as the base for the transverse moving plate 212 to slide and bears the guiding function. L-shaped chutes are provided on both sides below the transverse moving plate 212, and the transverse slide rail plate 221 is arranged in the L-shaped chutes, that is, the two side edges of the transverse slide rail plate 221 are embedded in the L-shaped chutes on both sides below the transverse moving plate 212 to form a slider-rail type sliding fit. While surrounding the transverse slide rail plate 221 on three sides, the L-shaped chutes provide constraints in multiple directions, which can significantly improve the resistance of the transverse slide rail plate 221 to lateral impact, torsional force or uneven load during the transverse sliding process; at the same time, the L-shaped chutes have strong structural wrapping, which not only provides guidance physically, but also can play functions such as anti-drop and dust-proof sealing, and is especially suitable for underground operation equipment in complex environments such as coal dust, water vapor and gravel, ensuring that the sliding part is not polluted and jammed.

[0053] Furthermore, balls are provided on the horizontal slide rail plate 221, that is, a plurality of ball elements are arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal slide rail plate 221. The ball elements convert the original surface contact sliding into point contact rolling, greatly reducing the friction coefficient and realizing a sliding process with high efficiency and low energy consumption; rolling friction significantly reduces the heat accumulation and metal fatigue on the contact surface, preventing scratches or wear on the surface of the horizontal slide rail plate 221 caused by frequent sliding, and improving the durability of the component and the maintenance cycle.

[0054] Based on the large slope auxiliary device provided in the above embodiments, some embodiments of the present application further provide a roadheader, including the large slope auxiliary device in the above embodiments. Since the roadheader provided in this embodiment has the large slope auxiliary device provided in any of the above embodiments, this roadheader has all the beneficial effects of the large slope auxiliary device provided in any of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0056] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the descriptions of terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for large slopes, characterized in that, Including: A longitudinal movement assisting mechanism (1) for providing stable support by abutting against the roadway roof when the roadheader moves forward or backward, so as to improve the adhesion and operation stability of the roadheader on the ramp; The longitudinal movement assisting mechanism (1) includes a longitudinal support shoe (11) and a longitudinal lifting frame (12), and the longitudinal support shoe (11) is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame (12); the longitudinal support shoe (11) is used to abut against the roadway roof to play a supporting role, and the longitudinal lifting frame (12) is used to control the longitudinal support shoe (11) to rise or fall.

2. The large slope assisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal support shoe (11) includes a longitudinal support plate (111), a longitudinal moving plate (112) and a longitudinal return oil cylinder (113), wherein, The longitudinal support plate (111) is arranged on the longitudinal moving plate (112); The longitudinal moving plate (112) is slidably connected to the longitudinal lifting frame (12); One end of the longitudinal return oil cylinder (113) is connected to the longitudinal moving plate (112), and the other end is connected to the longitudinal lifting frame (12).

3. The large slope assisting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A longitudinal disc spring group (114) is arranged between the longitudinal support plate (111) and the longitudinal moving plate (112).

4. The large slope assisting device according to claim 2, wherein The longitudinal lifting frame (12) includes a longitudinal sliding base (121), a longitudinal telescopic inner frame (122) and a longitudinal telescopic outer frame (123), wherein, The longitudinal moving plate (112) is slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding base (121), and the longitudinal sliding base (121) is arranged at the top end of the longitudinal telescopic inner frame (122); The longitudinal telescopic inner frame (122) is arranged inside the longitudinal telescopic outer frame (123), and the longitudinal telescopic inner frame (122) and the longitudinal telescopic outer frame (123) form a telescopic arm structure.

5. The large slope assisting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal sliding base (121) includes a pulley (1211) and a baffle (1212), and the pulley (1211) is arranged between the two baffles (1212); The longitudinal moving plate (112) includes a flat plate (1111) and a triangular slide rail (1112), and the triangular slide rail (1112) is arranged below the flat plate (1111); A V-shaped groove is arranged on the pulley (1211), and the triangular slide rail (1112) is arranged in the V-shaped groove.

6. The large slope assisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: A transverse movement assisting mechanism (2) for providing stable support by abutting against the roadway roof when the roadheader moves left and right, so as to improve the adhesion and operation stability of the roadheader on the ramp; The transverse movement assisting mechanism (2) includes a transverse support shoe (21) and a transverse lifting frame (22), and the transverse support shoe (21) is slidably connected to the transverse lifting frame (22); the transverse support shoe (21) is used to abut against the roadway roof to play a supporting role, and the transverse lifting frame (22) is used to control the transverse support shoe (21) to rise or fall.

7. The large slope assisting device according to claim 6, wherein The transverse support shoe (21) includes a transverse support plate (211), a transverse moving plate (212) and a transverse return oil cylinder (213), wherein, The transverse support plate (211) is arranged on the transverse moving plate (212); The transverse moving plate (212) is slidably connected to the transverse lifting frame (22); One end of the transverse return oil cylinder (213) is connected to the transverse moving plate (212), and the other end is connected to the transverse lifting frame (22).

8. The large slope assisting device according to claim 7, wherein, A transverse disc spring group (214) is arranged between the transverse support plate (211) and the transverse moving plate (212).

9. The large slope assisting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transverse lifting frame (22) includes: a transverse slide rail plate (221), a transverse telescopic inner frame (222) and a transverse telescopic outer frame (223), wherein, The transverse moving plate (212) is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail plate (221), and the transverse slide rail plate (221) is arranged at the top of the transverse telescopic inner frame (222); The transverse telescopic inner frame (222) is arranged inside the transverse telescopic outer frame (223), and the transverse telescopic inner frame (222) and the transverse telescopic outer frame (223) form a telescopic arm structure.

10. A roadheader-anchoring machine, characterized in that, Including: The large slope auxiliary device according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images