Supporting system for rapidly dismantling tunnel vault lining formwork and construction method of supporting system

Abstract

The invention provides a support system for quickly removing a tunnel vault lining template, which comprises a plurality of lining template support units and three transverse support strips, the top ends of the plurality of lining template support units are uniformly fixed on the tunnel vault lining template at intervals, and the lower ends of the plurality of lining template support units are fixed on the tunnel ground. The lining formwork supporting units are detachably connected with the lining trolley, and the three transverse supporting strips penetrate through the lining formwork supporting units and are fixedly connected with the upper portions of the lining formwork supporting units. The invention further discloses a construction method of the supporting system for rapidly dismantling the tunnel vault lining formwork. According to the method, the collapse area of the lining formwork and the supporting points of the collapse area of the lining formwork are determined through stress analysis of the surrounding rock, so that the lining formwork supporting system is arranged in the collapse area of the lining formwork and the supporting points of the collapse area of the lining formwork, and the problem that the lining formwork can be removed only when the concrete strength reaches 70% is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a construction method for a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of a tunnel vault. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of technology, tunnel construction technology is also constantly innovating. Various construction methods with high efficiency, low carbon and environmental protection are constantly replacing each other. However, due to the characteristics of tunnel construction, considering the problem of surrounding rock stability, the turnover speed of lining trolleys is slow, and the lining construction is slow, which is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] In the current tunnel vault construction, after the concrete of the tunnel lining trolley is poured, the formwork can be removed only when the strength reaches 70% of the design grade. This method mainly solves the problem of surrounding rock stability, resulting in a low turnover rate of the trolley and slow tunnel lining construction. Especially in some tunnel projects where lining must be constructed after segmented through - tunneling under special conditions, slow lining construction will cause safety problems such as surrounding rock deformation, leakage and water inrush. Accelerating the lining construction speed is the most effective means to control surrounding rock deformation. Using an early - removal system for construction can correspondingly reduce the number of trolleys under the same construction conditions, which conforms to the trend of low - carbon environmental protection and high - quality development in the construction industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of a tunnel vault and its construction method.

[0005] A construction method for a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of a tunnel vault includes the following steps: Step 1: Analyze the stress of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, determine the surrounding rock deformation curve according to the stress of the surrounding rock, determine the installation position of the lining formwork support unit according to the surrounding rock deformation curve and the critical point of the tunnel vault, and determine the number of lining formwork support units according to the length of the lining trolley; Step 2: The multiple - layer lining formwork support units include a front - end, multiple middle - layer and a rear - end lining formwork support unit. The front - end and rear - end lining formwork support units are respectively detachably connected to the front - end and rear - end of the lining trolley, and the multiple middle - layer lining formwork support units are detachably connected and fixed at equal intervals between the front - end and rear - end of the lining trolley. The lining formwork support unit includes a circular - arch support and a vertical support, and the two endpoints of the circular - arch support are anchored to the top ends of 2 vertical supports; Step 3: The lining trolley drives into the tunnel, positions the tunnel vault lining formwork, installs the tunnel vault lining formwork and props up the side formworks on both sides; Step 4: Determine the corresponding points of the surrounding rock deformation curve and the critical point of the tunnel vault on the vault lining formwork. Fix the circular arch support above the corresponding points on the vault lining formwork. The two corresponding points coincide with the two end points of the circular arch support. Anchor and connect the two end points of the circular arch support to the top ends of the vertical supports respectively. The bottom ends of the vertical supports are fixed on the tunnel floor. Install the front end, rear end and multiple intermediate lining formwork support units of the lining trolley on the vault lining formwork in this order. Anchor the three transverse support bars to the middle position of the circular arch support and the connection points between the two end points of the circular arch support and the two vertical supports respectively, passing through the front lining formwork unit, multiple intermediate lining formwork support units and the rear lining formwork support unit. Step 5: After installing the support system for the tunnel vault lining formwork, conduct concrete pouring. When the strength of the poured concrete reaches 2.5 - 5 Mpa, disassemble the connections between the front end, rear end and multiple intermediate lining formwork support units and the lining trolley, and drive the lining trolley out of the construction site to enter the next section of the tunnel for construction.

[0006] Furthermore, in step 4), triangular support frames are arranged around the vertical supports. The upper ends of the triangular support frames are fixedly connected to the vertical supports, and the lower ends of the triangular supports are fixed on the tunnel floor.

[0007] The second technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A support system for quickly removing the tunnel vault lining formwork, comprising a tunnel vault lining formwork, multiple lining formwork support units, three transverse support bars and a lining trolley. The tops of the multiple lining formwork support units are evenly spaced and fixed on the tunnel vault lining formwork. The lower ends of the multiple lining formwork support units are fixed on the tunnel floor. The front and rear lining formwork support units among the multiple lining formwork support units are detachably connected to the front end and rear end of the lining trolley respectively, and the multiple lining formwork support units between the front and rear ones are evenly spaced and detachably connected to the lining trolley. The three transverse support bars pass through the multiple lining formwork support units and are fixedly connected to the upper part of the multiple lining formwork support units. Furthermore, the number of the lining formwork support units is at least three.

[0008] Furthermore, the lining formwork support unit includes a circular arch support and two vertical supports. The circular arch support is anchored on the tunnel vault lining formwork. The two lower end points of the circular arch support are respectively anchored and connected to the top ends of the two vertical supports. The lower ends of the two vertical supports are fixed on the tunnel floor. The circular arch support and the lining trolley are detachably connected through a support mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the three transverse support bars are respectively arranged at the center point of the circular arch support and the connection points between the circular arch support and the two vertical supports. The transverse support at the center point of the circular arch support penetrates through multiple circular arch supports and is anchored to the circular arch support. The two transverse support bars arranged at the connection points between the circular arch support and the two vertical supports penetrate through the connection points between multiple circular arch supports (11) and the two vertical supports and are anchored to the circular arch support.

[0010] Furthermore, the circular arch support includes multiple segments of arc-shaped I-shaped steel, and the multiple segments of arc-shaped I-shaped steel are anchored and connected to form the circular arch support, and the multiple segments of arc-shaped I-shaped steel are anchored to the arch crown lining formwork.

[0011] Furthermore, the circular arch support includes multiple segments of arc-shaped square-shaped steel, and the multiple segments of arc-shaped square-shaped steel are anchored and connected to form the circular arch support, and the multiple segments of arc-shaped square-shaped steel are anchored to the arch crown lining formwork.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical support adopts Q235 circular steel pipes, and triangular brackets are arranged around the vertical support. The upper ends of the triangular brackets are evenly spaced and fixed around the circumference of the vertical support, and the lower ends of the triangular supports are fixed to the tunnel floor.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1). The present invention analyzes the forces on the tunnel surrounding rock. The forces on the tunnel surrounding rock are mainly divided into the vertical active pressure of the surrounding rock and the lateral active pressure of the surrounding rock. According to the analysis of the forces on the tunnel surrounding rock, the deformation curve of the surrounding rock is determined. The deformation curve of the surrounding rock is also the deformation curve of the lining formwork. The tunnel wall provides an elastic support force to the surrounding rock, thereby determining the elastic resistance curve of the lining formwork. The detachment area of the lining formwork, that is, the collapse area of the lining formwork, is determined from the deformation curve of the surrounding rock and the elastic resistance curve. The critical point of the deformation curve of the surrounding rock and the elastic resistance curve determines the support point of the collapse of the lining formwork. Therefore, it is determined that only a support system needs to be set at the collapse area of the lining formwork and the support point positions, which can increase the support force of the lining formwork, thereby solving the problem that the formwork can only be removed after the concrete pouring strength reaches 70%. The tunnel trolley only needs to wait until the concrete strength reaches the range of 2.5 - 5 Mpa, and then the connection between the lining trolley and the lining formwork support system can be removed, and the trolley can drive out of the construction area, accelerating the turnover rate and construction speed of the tunnel lining trolley and improving the construction efficiency. (2). The present invention determines the number of the lining formwork support units according to the length of the tunnel trolley, and then connects multiple lining formwork support units into a whole through three transverse support bars and installs them at the collapse area and the support point of the lining formwork. It has the advantages of simple structure, small occupation of the tunnel space, providing a large operation space for the lining trolley, and not affecting the passage. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the stress and deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel in a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault in the present invention inside the tunnel; Figure 3 It is a schematic axial sectional view of the distribution of the lining formwork support unit and the lining trolley inside the tunnel in a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic axial sectional view of the lining formwork support unit and the tunnel vault lining formwork in a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault in the present invention.

[0015] Explanation of symbols in the attached drawings: 1. Lining formwork support unit, 11. Circular arch support, 12. Vertical support, 2. Transverse support bar, 3. Tunnel vault lining formwork, 4. Lining trolley, 5. Support mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the attached drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0017] Among them, the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, rather than physical diagrams, and should not be construed as a limitation on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the attached drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the attached drawings may be omitted.

[0018] In the attached drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the attached drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation on this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of this patent, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, if terms such as "connection" are used to indicate the connection relationship between components, such terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] A construction method for a support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault, step 1: Analyze the stress of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, determine the deformation curve of the surrounding rock according to the stress of the surrounding rock, determine the installation position of the lining formwork support unit according to the deformation curve of the surrounding rock and the critical point of the tunnel vault, and determine the number of lining formwork support units according to the length of the lining trolley; Step 2: The multiple lining formwork support units include a front end, multiple intermediate units, and a rear end lining formwork support unit. The front end and rear end lining formwork support units are respectively detachably connected to the front end and rear end of the lining trolley, and the multiple intermediate lining formwork support units are detachably connected and fixed at equal intervals between the front end and rear end of the lining trolley. The lining formwork support unit includes a circular arch support and a vertical support, and the two endpoints of the circular arch support are anchored to the top ends of 2 vertical supports; Step 3: The lining trolley drives into the tunnel, positions the lining formwork of the tunnel vault, installs the lining formwork of the tunnel vault, and props up the side forms on both sides; Step 4: Determine the corresponding points of the deformation curve of the surrounding rock and the critical point of the tunnel vault on the lining formwork of the vault, fix the circular arch support at a position above the corresponding points on the lining formwork of the vault, and make the two corresponding points coincide with the two endpoints of the circular arch support. Anchor the two endpoints of the circular arch support to the top ends of the vertical supports respectively, and fix the bottom ends of the vertical supports on the tunnel floor. Install the front end, rear end, and multiple intermediate lining formwork support units on the lining formwork of the vault in this order, and anchor the three transverse support bars to the middle positions of the circular arch supports respectively, as well as the connection points between the two endpoints of the circular arch support and the two vertical supports, passing through the front lining formwork unit, multiple intermediate lining formwork support units, and rear lining formwork support unit; Further, in step 4), a triangular support frame is arranged around the vertical support, the upper end of the triangular support frame is fixedly connected to the vertical support, and the lower end of the triangular support is fixed on the tunnel floor.

[0021] Step 5: After installing the support system for the lining formwork of the tunnel vault, conduct concrete pouring. When the strength of the poured concrete reaches 2.5 - 5 Mpa, disassemble the connections between the front end, rear end, and multiple intermediate lining formwork support units and the lining trolley, drive the lining trolley out of the construction site, and enter the next section of the tunnel for construction.

[0022] Such asFigure 1 As shown in the figure, the forces on the tunnel surrounding rock are mainly divided into the vertical active pressure of the surrounding rock and the lateral active pressure of the surrounding rock. According to the force analysis of the tunnel surrounding rock, the separation zone and the elastic resistance zone of the surrounding rock deformation curve are determined. The elastic resistance zone is also the tunnel crown wall. Usually, after the concrete pouring of the tunnel lining trolley is completed, the formwork can be removed only when the strength reaches 70% of the design grade, mainly to solve the stability problem of the surrounding rock in the separation zone, resulting in a low turnover rate of the tunnel trolley and slow tunnel lining construction. Especially in some tunnel projects where lining construction must be carried out after segmental penetration under special conditions, slow lining construction will cause safety problems such as surrounding rock deformation, leakage and water inrush. Accelerating the lining construction speed is the most effective means to control the surrounding rock deformation. By using the support system for quickly removing the tunnel crown lining formwork of the present invention, adding a support system to the tunnel crown lining formwork in the separation zone of the surrounding rock deformation curve can accelerate the turnover of the lining trolley, and the number of trolleys can be correspondingly reduced under the same construction conditions, which conforms to the trend of low-carbon environmental protection and high-quality development in the construction industry. Based on the force analysis of the tunnel surrounding rock, the support system for quickly removing the tunnel crown lining formwork of the present invention is arranged in the separation zone. Multiple lining formwork support units 1 are designed along the length of the lining trolley, and then three transverse support bars 2 are used to penetrate multiple lining formwork support units to form a support system for quickly removing the tunnel crown lining formwork. The three transverse support bars 2 can evenly transfer the upper vertical active pressure of the surrounding rock to the quick-release system support arch, and then transfer the load to the previously constructed tunnel invert through the vertical support of the quick-release system to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the surrounding rock.

[0023] The present invention also discloses a support system for quickly removing the tunnel crown lining formwork, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, which includes a tunnel crown lining formwork 3, multiple lining formwork support units 1, three transverse support bars 2 and a lining trolley 4. The tops of the multiple lining formwork support units 1 are evenly and spacedly fixed on the tunnel crown lining formwork 3, the lower ends of the multiple lining formwork support units are fixed on the tunnel floor, and the front and rear lining formwork support units 1 in the multiple lining formwork support units are respectively detachably connected to the front end and the rear end of the lining trolley 4, and the multiple lining formwork support units 1 between the front and rear ones are evenly and spacedly detachably connected to the lining trolley 4. The three transverse support bars 2 penetrate the multiple lining formwork support units and are fixedly connected to the upper part of the multiple lining formwork support units 1.

[0024] Furthermore, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, the number of the lining formwork support units 1 is at least three. According to the length of the lining trolley, the number of the lining formwork support units is selected. The shortest lining trolley is provided with at least three lining formwork support units.

[0025] Furthermore, as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, the lining formwork support unit includes a circular arch support 11 and two vertical supports 12. The circular arch support 11 is anchored to the tunnel crown lining formwork 3. The two lower end points of the circular arch support 11 are respectively anchored and connected to the tops of the two vertical supports 12. The lower ends of the two vertical supports 12 are fixed on the tunnel floor. The circular arch support 11 and the lining trolley 4 are detachably connected through a support mechanism 5. The connection point between the circular arch support 11 and the two vertical supports 12 is an important support position. According to the surrounding rock deformation curve obtained from the stress analysis of the surrounding rock, the intersection point between the surrounding rock deformation curve and the tunnel crown wall is an important support point for propping up the surrounding rock deformation curve. Therefore, the connection point between the circular arch support 11 and the two vertical supports 12 is set at the intersection point between the surrounding rock deformation curve and the tunnel crown wall.

[0026] Further, as Figures 1 to 4 shown in the figure, the circular arch support 11 includes multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams. The multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams are anchored and connected to form the circular arch support 11, and the multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams are anchored to the crown lining formwork 3. The circular arch support 11 is selected as multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams to improve its own bearing capacity.

[0027] Further, as Figures 1 to 4 shown in the figure, the circular arch support 11 includes multiple sections of arc-shaped square tubes. The multiple sections of arc-shaped square tubes are anchored and connected to form the circular arch support 11, and the multiple sections of arc-shaped square tubes are anchored to the crown lining formwork 3. The circular arch support 11 is selected as multiple sections of arc-shaped square tubes, which is also to improve its own bearing capacity.

[0028] Further, as Figures 1 to 4 shown in the figure, the vertical support 12 is made of Q235 circular steel pipes. Triangular brackets are arranged around the vertical support 12. The upper ends of the triangular brackets are evenly spaced around the circumference of the vertical support and fixed to the vertical support 12, and the lower ends of the triangular support 12 are fixed to the tunnel floor. The vertical support 12 is made of Q235 circular steel pipes to enhance the stability of the vertical support itself. In order to enhance the stability of the support system for quickly demolishing the tunnel crown lining formwork, triangular brackets can also be arranged around the vertical support 12.

[0029] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent replacements, changes, etc. can be made to the present invention. However, as long as these transformations do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they should be within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, some terms used in the specification and claims of this application are not restrictive, but are only for the convenience of description.

Claims

1. A construction method for a support system for quickly demolishing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step 1: Analyze the forces on the surrounding rock of the tunnel, determine the deformation curve of the surrounding rock according to the forces on the surrounding rock, determine the installation position of the lining formwork support unit based on the deformation curve of the surrounding rock and the critical point of the tunnel crown, and determine the number of lining formwork support units according to the length of the lining trolley. Step 2: The multiple lining formwork support units include a front-end unit, multiple intermediate units, and a rear-end unit. The front-end and rear-end lining formwork support units are respectively detachably connected to the front end and the rear end of the lining trolley, and the multiple intermediate lining formwork support units are detachably connected and fixed at equal intervals between the front end and the rear end of the lining trolley. The lining formwork support unit includes a circular arch support and a vertical support, and the two endpoints of the circular arch support are anchored to the top ends of 2 vertical supports. Step 3: The lining trolley drives into the tunnel, positions the lining formwork of the tunnel crown, installs the lining formwork of the tunnel crown and props up the side forms on both sides. Step 4: Determine the corresponding points of the deformation curve of the surrounding rock and the critical point of the tunnel crown on the lining formwork of the tunnel crown, fix the circular arch support at a position above the corresponding points on the lining formwork of the tunnel crown, and make the two corresponding points coincide with the two endpoints of the circular arch support. Anchor the two endpoints of the circular arch support to the top ends of the vertical supports respectively, and fix the bottom ends of the vertical supports on the tunnel floor. Install the front-end, rear-end, and multiple intermediate lining formwork support units on the lining formwork of the tunnel crown in this order, and anchor the three transverse support bars to the middle position of the circular arch support, as well as the connection points between the two endpoints of the circular arch support and the two vertical supports, passing through the front-end lining formwork unit, the multiple intermediate lining formwork support units, and the rear-end lining formwork support unit. Step 5: After installing the support system for the lining formwork of the tunnel crown, conduct concrete pouring. When the strength of the poured concrete reaches 2.5 - 5 Mpa, disassemble the connections between the multiple lining formwork support units and the lining formwork and the lining trolley, and drive the lining trolley out of the construction site to enter the next section of the tunnel for construction.

2. The construction method of the support system for quickly removing the formwork of the tunnel vault lining according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 4, triangular support frames are arranged around the vertical supports. The upper ends of the triangular support frames are fixedly connected to the vertical supports, and the lower ends of the triangular supports are fixed on the tunnel floor.

3. The support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the lining formwork of the tunnel crown (3), multiple lining formwork support units (1), three transverse support bars (2), and a lining trolley (4). The top ends of the multiple lining formwork support units (1) are fixedly connected to the lining formwork of the tunnel crown (3) at equal intervals, the lower ends of the multiple lining formwork support units are fixed on the tunnel floor, the front and rear lining formwork support units (1) in the multiple lining formwork support units (1) are respectively detachably connected to the front end and the rear end of the lining trolley (4), and the multiple lining formwork support units (1) between the front and rear ones are detachably connected to the lining trolley (4) at equal intervals. The three transverse support bars (2) pass through the multiple lining formwork support units and are fixedly connected to the upper part of the multiple lining formwork support units (1).

4. The support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the lining formwork support units (1) is at least three.

5. The support system for quickly removing the formwork of the tunnel vault lining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lining formwork support unit includes a circular arch support (11) and two vertical supports (12). The circular arch support (11) is anchored to the tunnel crown lining formwork (3). The two lower end points of the circular arch support (11) are respectively and fixedly connected to the tops of the two vertical supports (12). The lower ends of the two vertical supports (12) are fixed to the tunnel floor. The circular arch support (11) and the lining trolley (4) are detachably connected through a support mechanism (5).

6. The support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault according to claim 5, characterized in that, The three transverse support bars (2) are respectively arranged at the center point of the circular arch support (11) and the connection points of the circular arch support (11) and the two vertical supports (12). The transverse support at the center point of the circular arch support (11) penetrates through multiple circular arch supports and is fixedly connected to the circular arch support (11). The two transverse support bars (2) arranged at the connection points of the circular arch support (11) and the two vertical supports (12) penetrate through the connection points of multiple circular arch supports (11) and the two vertical supports (12) and are anchored to the circular arch support (11).

7. The support system for quickly removing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circular arch support (11) includes multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and the multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams are fixedly connected to form the circular arch support (11), and the multiple sections of arc-shaped I-beams are anchored to the crown lining formwork (3).

8. The support system for quickly removing the formwork of the tunnel vault lining according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circular arch support (11) includes multiple sections of arc-shaped box-section steels, and the multiple sections of arc-shaped box-section steels are fixedly connected to form the circular arch support (11), and the multiple sections of arc-shaped box-section steels are anchored to the crown lining formwork (3).

9. The support system for quickly demolishing the lining formwork of the tunnel vault according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that The vertical support (12) is made of Q235 circular steel pipes, and triangular brackets are arranged around the vertical support. The upper ends of the triangular brackets are evenly spaced around the circumference of the vertical support and fixedly connected to the vertical support (12), and the lower ends of the triangular supports (12) are fixed to the tunnel floor.

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