Temporary supporting system and method for long tunneling and long supporting operation under mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a temporary supporting system and method for long tunneling and long supporting operation under a mine, and relates to the technical field of injection molding equipment, the temporary supporting system comprises a supporting seat, and further comprises a self-adaptive supporting structure arranged on the supporting seat and used for supporting mines with different radians; the self-adaptive supporting structure comprises two sets of rotating supports, the two sets of rotating supports are located on the two sides of the supporting base correspondingly and rotationally connected with the rotating supports, a first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the supporting base, a second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top ends of the rotating supports, and a first movable part is hinged to the top end of the second hydraulic cylinder. A third hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the rotating support, the first supporting frame is matched with the first movable part and the second movable part, the first connecting frame is driven to rotate upwards till the third supporting frame is attached to the inner wall of the mine, then the supporting point position of the inner wall of the mine is lifted, stress borne by the supporting point position is dispersed, and stability is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of injection molding equipment, specifically to a temporary support system and method for long tunneling and long support operations underground in mines. Background Art

[0002] During the mining process in a mine, the geological conditions are complex and there are many uncertain factors. To ensure the safety of mining, it is necessary to carry out temporary support for the mine. Only by carrying out sufficient temporary support can the smooth progress of mining be guaranteed, and various problems occurring during mining can also be effectively avoided.

[0003] To ensure a safe environment during the support period of the tunneling face, temporary support equipment is required during the mining of the mine. In the existing temporary support equipment, it usually uses a hydraulic cylinder to control the support frame to support the top of the mine cavity. Since its support frame is of an integral design, the structure is relatively simple, and its support surface is always in a horizontal state. However, the top of the inner wall of some mines is provided with a curvature. When the support frame in a horizontal state supports the arched mine, the points of support inside the mine are only on both sides of the support frame, resulting in uneven stress on it and reducing the support effect on the mine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a temporary support system and method for long tunneling and long support operations underground in mines.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operations underground in mines, including a support base, and further including: An adaptive support structure, which is arranged on the support base and is used for supporting mines with different curvatures; Among them, the adaptive support structure includes a driving component and a first support frame. The driving component includes two groups of rotating brackets, which are respectively located on both sides of the support base and are rotationally connected to the rotating brackets. One side of the support base is hinged with a first hydraulic cylinder, the top of the rotating bracket is connected with a second hydraulic cylinder, the top of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a first moving part, one side of the rotating bracket is hinged with a third hydraulic cylinder, and the top of the third hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a second moving part; The first support frame is rotationally connected to the first movable member and the second movable member. Two groups of first connecting frames are fixed on the outer surface of the first support frame. A rotating shaft is rotationally connected between the two groups of first connecting frames. One end of the rotating shaft passes through the first connecting frame and is fixed with a ratchet wheel. One side of the first connecting frame is hinged with a ratchet pawl through a torsion spring. A support frame and a gear are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft. A baffle is installed on one side of the second movable member. A second support frame is installed at the top of the support frame. The top of the first connecting frame is connected with a third support frame through a reinforcing member. Two groups of fixing members are installed on one side of the first movable member. A first notch is opened inside the fixing member. A first fixing shaft is installed inside the first notch. A movable frame and a first spring are sleeved on the outer surface of the first fixing shaft. The top of the movable frame is connected with a touch pressure plate. The bottom of the touch pressure plate is connected with a second connecting frame. A second notch is opened inside the second connecting frame. A second fixing shaft is installed inside the second notch. A movable plate and a second spring are sleeved on the outer surface of the second fixing shaft. One side of the movable plate is connected with a connecting plate through a movable shaft.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the second support frame, the first support frame and the third support frame all support the inner wall of the mine, and the touch pressure plate is in pressing contact with the middle part of the inner wall of the mine.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the second spring elastically supports between the movable plate and the second notch. One side of the connecting plate is in the shape of teeth and is meshed and connected with the gear.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the baffle blocks one side of the first connecting frame. The end face of the ratchet pawl is embedded in the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel, and the ratchet pawl restricts the one-way rotation of the ratchet wheel.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first spring elastically supports between the first notch and the movable frame. The end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the rotating bracket.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the top surfaces of the third support frame and the touch pressure plate are on the same horizontal line, the second support frame and the first support frame are flush with the third support frame.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the connecting plate moves downward, it will drive the support frame and the second support frame to rotate upward through the gear.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, two groups of columns are installed on the top of the support seat. Side beams are fixed on the top of each group of columns. A rib protecting plate is hinged outside the side beam. A fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected between the side beam and the rib protecting plate. A number of channel steel beam brackets are fixed on both sides of the side beam.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the second support frame is pressed against the inner wall of the mine, the first connecting frame applies an upward rotational force to the third support frame, and the third support frame comes into pressing contact with the inner wall of the mine.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the support position. Control the support base to move inside the mine through equipment, or move the support base with rollers. S2. Adjust the support height. Control the rotating bracket to rotate upward through the first hydraulic cylinder, and control the first movable part and the second movable part to move through the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder respectively, so as to control the angle and height of the first support frame, and make the first support frame parallel to the supported part of the mine. S3. Adapt to the shape of the inner wall of the mine. When the first movable part rises, it will first drive the pressure contact plate to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame. If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the pressure contact plate will be pressed to a position horizontal with the third support frame. At the same time, the movement of the pressure contact plate will drive the movable shaft and the connecting plate to move downward through the second connecting frame. At this time, through the cooperation between the movable shaft and the connecting plate, the gear will be driven to rotate, and it will drive the support frame and the second support frame to rotate upward through the rotating shaft, so that the second support frame, the first support frame and the third support frame all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is arc-shaped, when the pressure contact plate is pressed, the second support frame will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame and the first movable part and the second movable part, the first connecting frame is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame fits with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support points on the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it receives, and enhancing stability.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, through the cooperation between the movable shaft and the connecting plate, when the pressure contact plate is pressed, the gear is driven to rotate, and it drives the support frame and the second support frame to rotate upward through the rotating shaft. At the same time, as the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder control the first support frame to continuously move upward, the second support frame will also continuously move upward until the second support frame is pressed against the inner wall of the mine. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame and the first movable part and the second movable part, the first connecting frame is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame fits with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support points on the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it receives, and enhancing stability.

[0016] II. In the present invention, the pressure contact plate is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the mine. When the pressure contact plate is squeezed, it can drive the connecting plate to move through the second connecting frame. Thus, through the cooperation between the connecting plate and the gear, the second support frame can be driven to rotate upward by the rotating shaft. At this time, the height difference formed between the pressure contact plate and the two groups of second support frames changes to adapt to the radian of the inner wall of the mine.

[0017] III. Through the cooperation between the ratchet and the pawl in the present invention, the ratchet can be restricted to rotate in one direction. Thus, the rotation direction of the rotating shaft can be restricted by the ratchet. Therefore, when the inner wall of the mine squeezes the second support frame, the rotating shaft can be prevented from rotating along the inner side of the first connecting frame. At this time, through the cooperation between the first support frame, the second moving part and the first moving part, the rotation of the first connecting frame can be controlled. And when the first connecting frame rotates, the gear will push the connecting plate to drive the movable shaft into the inner wall of the second notch to avoid movement interference.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be learned from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for the present invention Figure 1 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram at A in Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the support structure for the top of the horizontal inner wall of the mine in the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the support structure for the top of the arc-shaped inner wall of the mine in the present invention; Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the front of the present invention; Figure 6 for the present invention Figure 5 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram at B in Figure 7 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the side of the present invention; Figure 8 for the present invention Figure 7 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram at C in

[0020] In the figure: 1, support base; 2, rotating bracket; 3, first hydraulic cylinder; 4, second hydraulic cylinder; 5, first movable member; 6, third hydraulic cylinder; 7, second movable member; 8, first support bracket; 9, first connecting bracket; 10, rotating shaft; 11, ratchet wheel; 12, ratchet pawl; 13, support frame; 14, gear; 15, baffle; 16, second support bracket; 17, reinforcing member; 18, third support bracket; 19, fixing member; 20, first notch; 21, first fixed shaft; 22, movable frame; 23, first spring; 24, contact pressure plate; 25, second connecting bracket; 26, second notch; 27, second fixed shaft; 28, movable plate; 29, second spring; 30, movable shaft; 31, connecting plate; 32, column; 33, side beam; 34, rib protection plate; 35, fourth hydraulic cylinder; 36, channel steel beam bracket. Detailed implementation manner

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present invention provides a temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operations underground in mines, including a support base 1, and further including: An adaptive support structure, which is arranged on the support base 1 and is used for supporting mines with different arcs; Among them, the adaptive support structure includes a driving assembly and a first support bracket 8. The driving assembly includes two groups of rotating brackets 2. The two groups of rotating brackets 2 are respectively located on both sides of the support base 1 and are rotationally connected to the rotating brackets 2. A first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged on one side of the support base 1. The top end of the rotating bracket 2 is connected to a second hydraulic cylinder 4. The top end of the second hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged to a first movable member 5. A third hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged on one side of the rotating bracket 2. The top end of the third hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged to a second movable member 7; The first support frame 8 is rotatably connected to the first movable member 5 and the second movable member 7. Two groups of first connecting frames 9 are fixed on the outer surface of the first support frame 8. A rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected between the two groups of first connecting frames 9. One end of the rotating shaft 10 passes through the first connecting frame 9 and is fixed with a ratchet wheel 11. A ratchet pawl 12 is hinged to one side of the first connecting frame 9 through a torsion spring. A support frame 13 and a gear 14 are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 10. A baffle 15 is installed on one side of the second movable member 7. The top of the support frame 13 is installed with a second support frame 16. The top of the first connecting frame 9 is connected with a third support frame 18 through a reinforcement member 17. Two groups of fixing members 19 are installed on one side of the first movable member 5. A first notch 20 is opened inside the fixing member 19. A first fixed shaft 21 is installed inside the first notch 20. A movable frame 22 and a first spring 23 are sleeved on the outer surface of the first fixed shaft 21. The top of the movable frame 22 is connected with a touch pressure plate 24. The bottom of the touch pressure plate 24 is connected with a second connecting frame 25. A second notch 26 is opened inside the second connecting frame 25. A second fixed shaft 27 is installed inside the second notch 26. A movable plate 28 and a second spring 29 are sleeved on the outer surface of the second fixed shaft 27. One side of the movable plate 28 is connected with a connecting plate 31 through a movable shaft 30.

[0023] When the support structure is used to support the mine through the control of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6, the touch pressure plate 24 will first contact the inner wall of the mine cave through the driving of the movable frame 22. When the touch pressure plate 24 is squeezed, through the cooperation between the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31, the gear 14 will be driven to rotate, so that the support frame 13 and the second support frame 16 will be driven to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10. At the same time, as the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6 control the continuous upward movement of the first support frame 8, the second support frame 16 will also continuously move upward until the second support frame 16 is squeezed against the inner wall of the mine. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame 8 and the first movable member 5 and the second movable member 7, the first connecting frame 9 is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame 18 fits against the inner wall of the mine, so as to adapt to different radian of the inner wall of the mine, improve the support points on the inner wall of the mine, disperse the stress received by it, and enhance the stability. By adapting it to the radian of the mine inner wall to form a reinforcement arch, the reinforcement arch theory is to arrange bolts systematically so that the rock masses with developed joints at the vault of the roadway are connected in series, forming a continuous arched compression zone with self-bearing capacity along the cross-section of the roadway, strengthening the rock strata and making them into a whole structure to support its own weight and the roof pressure above. Substantially, this theory forms a reinforcement arch by extruding the rock masses within a certain range around the roadway into a whole through the radial force of bolts and cables. The key to the formation of the reinforcement arch lies in applying pre-tension stress to the bolts and cables. On the one hand, compressive stress is generated in the cone compression zone, thus increasing the cohesion (adhesion) between rock blocks and improving the strength of the rock mass. On the other hand, the rocks in the compression zone are in a state of triaxial compression, improving the strength of the rock mass.

[0024] After adopting the existing support scheme, there is an obvious plastic zone distribution at the corner of the roadway. The maximum roof subsidence is 15.1 mm, the convergence of the two sides is 27.8 mm, and the floor heave is 12.4 mm. After adopting the optimized support scheme, the deformation of the roadway is effectively controlled. The maximum roof subsidence is 14.9 mm, the convergence of the two sides is 27.2 mm, and the floor heave is 12.5 mm. Compared with the existing support scheme, the roof subsidence of the roadway is reduced by 1.3%, and the convergence of the two sides is reduced by 2.2%. In addition, after adopting the optimized support scheme, the plastic zone range of the surrounding rock is basically the same as that of the existing support scheme. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optimized support scheme can effectively control the deformation and failure of the roadway surrounding rock.

[0025] As Figure 3 、 4 shown, the second support frame 16, the first support frame 8 and the third support frame 18 all support the inner wall of the mine, and the contact pressure plate 24 is in extrusion contact with the middle part of the inner wall of the mine.

[0026] Through the design of the contact pressure plate 24, since it is located in the middle of the inner wall of the mine and at the highest point corresponding to the radian of the inner wall of the mine, when the contact pressure plate 24 is extruded, it can drive the connecting plate 31 to move through the second connecting frame 25, and thus, through the cooperation between the connecting plate 31 and the gear 14, drive the second support frame 16 to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10, making the two groups of second support frames 16 and the contact pressure plate 24 fit the inner wall of the mine at the same time to adapt to the radian of the inner wall of the mine; The deformation and failure of the roadway first and mainly occur in the shallow part of the surrounding rock. Therefore, improving the stability of the shallow surrounding rock is very important for restraining the roadway deformation and reducing the expansion of the plastic zone. Adopting the optimized support scheme can uniformly apply high pre-stress to the shallow surrounding rock where the roadway is most likely to deform and fail, effectively reducing the Mohr circle radius and making the surrounding rock in a relatively stable triaxial stress state, greatly improving the stability of the surrounding rock; After the roadway is excavated, the stress of the surrounding rock is unloaded, and the direction of the minimum principal stress is mainly perpendicular to the stress direction. By applying a high prestress perpendicular to the roof to the surrounding rock, the minimum principal stress can be increased, the radius of the Mohr circle can be reduced, and the greater the vertical compressive stress, the smaller the Mohr circle and the more stable the surrounding rock.

[0027] As Figure 5 , 6 shown, the second spring 29 is elastically supported between the movable plate 28 and the second notch 26. One side of the connecting plate 31 is tooth-shaped and is meshed and connected with the gear 14.

[0028] Through the design of the second spring 29, the movable plate 28 has good elastic reset performance. At this time, due to the compressed state of the second spring 29, a elastic force will be applied to the movable plate 28, and when the first connecting frame 9 rotates, it will drive the movable plate 28 to move along the inner side of the second fixed shaft 27 through the connecting plate 31 and the movable shaft 30, thus avoiding interference with the rotation of the first connecting frame 9.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the baffle 15 blocks one side of the first connecting frame 9, the end face of the pawl 12 is embedded in the tooth groove of the ratchet 11, and the pawl 12 restricts the one-way rotation of the ratchet 11.

[0030] Through the cooperation between the pawl 12 and the ratchet 11, the one-way rotation of the ratchet 11 and the rotating shaft 10 can be restricted. Therefore, when the second support frame 16 is squeezed, it will drive the rotating shaft 10 and the first connecting frame 9 to rotate around the first support frame 8 as the axis, so that the third support frame 18 contacts the inner wall of the mine.

[0031] As Figure 1 , 8 shown, the first spring 23 is elastically supported between the first notch 20 and the movable frame 22, and the end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the rotating bracket 2.

[0032] Through the design of the first spring 23, the movable frame 22 has good elastic reset performance. At this time, due to the compressed state of the first spring 23, a elastic force will be applied to the movable frame 22, so that the initial state of the touch pressure plate 24 is above the third support frame 18, and when the pawl 12 and the ratchet 11 are manually controlled to be separated, the support frame 13 and the second support frame 16 can be reset.

[0033] As Figure 3 shown, when the top surfaces of the third support frame 18 and the touch pressure plate 24 are at the same horizontal line, the second support frame 16 and the first support frame 8 are flush with the third support frame 18.

[0034] Through the design of the third support frame 18, when the third support frame 18 and the pressure contact plate 24 are on the same horizontal line, the top of the inner wall of the mine is also in a horizontal state at this time, so that the inner wall of the mine can be supported by the second support frame 16, the first support frame 8 and the third support frame 18 at the same time.

[0035] As Figure 5 shown, when the connecting plate 31 moves downward, it will drive the support frame 13 and the second support frame 16 to rotate upward through the gear 14.

[0036] Through the cooperation between the connecting plate 31 and the gear 14, when the connecting plate 31 moves downward, it will drive the gear 14 and the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, so that the second support frame 16 can be driven to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10. At this time, the height difference formed between the pressure contact plate 24 and the two groups of second support frames 16 changes, making it adapt to the radian of the inner wall of the mine.

[0037] As Figure 3 、 4 shown, when the second support frame 16 is squeezed against the inner wall of the mine, the first connecting frame 9 will apply an upward rotating force to the third support frame 18, and the third support frame 18 will be in extrusion contact with the inner wall of the mine.

[0038] Through the design of the second support frame 16, when the second support frame 16 squeezes against the inner wall of the mine, since the rotating shaft 10 can only rotate in one direction, the applied force will push the first connecting frame 9 through the rotating shaft 10. At this time, through the cooperation between the first movable part 5, the second movable part 7 and the first support frame 8, the first support frame 8 and the first connecting frame 9 can be driven to rotate. At this time, the first connecting frame 9 will drive the third support frame 18 to rotate upward to support the inner wall of the mine.

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, two groups of columns 32 are installed on the top of the support base 1. The top of each group of columns 32 is fixed with a side beam 33. An apron plate 34 is hinged outside the side beam 33. A fourth hydraulic cylinder 35 is connected between the side beam 33 and the apron plate 34. A number of channel steel beam brackets 36 are fixed on both sides of the side beam 33.

[0040] As Figures 1-8 shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the support position. Move the support base 1 to the inside of the mine through the equipment, or move the support base 1 with rollers. S2. Adjust the support height. Control the rotating bracket 2 to rotate upward through the first hydraulic cylinder 3, and control the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7 to move through the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6 respectively, so as to control the angle and height of the first support frame 8 and make the first support frame 8 parallel to the support part of the mine. S3. Adapt to the shape of the mine inner wall. When the first movable part 5 ascends, it will first drive the pressure contact plate 24 to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame 22. If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the pressure contact plate 24 will be squeezed to a position horizontal with the third support frame 18. At the same time, the movement of the pressure contact plate 24 will drive the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31 to move downward through the second connecting frame 25. At this time, through the cooperation between the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31, the gear 14 will be driven to rotate, and it will drive the support frame 13 and the second support frame 16 to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10, so that the second support frame 16, the first support frame 8 and the third support frame 18 all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is arc-shaped, when squeezing the pressure contact plate 24, the second support frame 16 will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame 8, the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7, the first connecting frame 9 is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame 18 fits with the inner wall of the mine, thereby being able to improve the support points of the inner wall of the mine, disperse the stress it receives, and enhance the stability.

[0041] Working principle: S1. Adjust the support position. Move the support base 1 to the inside of the mine through equipment control, or move the support base 1 with rollers. S2. Adjust the support height. Control the rotating bracket 2 to rotate upward through the first hydraulic cylinder 3, and control the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7 to move through the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6 respectively, so as to control the angle and height of the first support frame 8 and make the first support frame 8 parallel to the supported part of the mine. S3. Adapt to the shape of the mine inner wall. When the first movable part 5 ascends, it will first drive the pressure contact plate 24 to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame 22. If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the pressure contact plate 24 will be squeezed to a position horizontal with the third support frame 18. At the same time, the movement of the pressure contact plate 24 will drive the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31 to move downward through the second connecting frame 25. At this time, through the cooperation between the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31, the gear 14 will be driven to rotate, and it will drive the support frame 13 and the second support frame 16 to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10, so that the second support frame 16, the first support frame 8 and the third support frame 18 all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is arc-shaped, when squeezing the pressure contact plate 24, the second support frame 16 will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame 8, the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7, the first connecting frame 9 is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame 18 fits with the inner wall of the mine, thereby being able to improve the support points of the inner wall of the mine, disperse the stress it receives, and enhance the stability.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temporary support system for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground, including a support base (1), characterized in that, Further included are: An adaptive support structure, which is arranged on the support base (1) and is used for supporting mines with different radian; Among them, the adaptive support structure includes a driving component and a first support frame (8). Two groups of first connecting frames (9) are fixed on the outer surface of the first support frame (8). A rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected between the two groups of first connecting frames (9). One end of the rotating shaft (10) passes through the first connecting frame (9) and is fixed with a ratchet wheel (11). One side of the first connecting frame (9) is hinged with a pawl (12) through a torsion spring. A support frame (13) and a gear (14) are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (10). A baffle (15) is installed on one side of the second moving part (7). A second support frame (16) is installed at the top of the support frame (13). The top of the first connecting frame (9) is connected with a third support frame (18) through a reinforcement member (17). Two groups of fixing members (19) are installed on one side of the first moving part (5). A first notch (20) is opened inside the fixing member (19). A first fixed shaft (21) is installed inside the first notch (20). A movable frame (22) and a first spring (23) are sleeved on the outer surface of the first fixed shaft (21). The top of the movable frame (22) is connected with a touch pressure plate (24). The bottom of the touch pressure plate (24) is connected with a second connecting frame (25). A second notch (26) is opened inside the second connecting frame (25). A second fixed shaft (27) is installed inside the second notch (26). A movable plate (28) and a second spring (29) are sleeved on the outer surface of the second fixed shaft (27). One side of the movable plate (28) is connected with a connecting plate (31) through a movable shaft (30).

2. The temporary support system for long driving and long supporting operations underground according to claim 1, wherein: The driving component includes two groups of rotating brackets (2), a first hydraulic cylinder (3), a second hydraulic cylinder (4), a first moving part (5), a third hydraulic cylinder (6), a second moving part (7) and a first support frame (8). The two groups of rotating brackets (2) are respectively located on both sides of the support base (1) and are rotatably connected with the rotating brackets (2). The first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the outside of the support base (1), and the end of the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the rotating bracket (2). The top of the rotating bracket (2) is connected with the second hydraulic cylinder (4). The top of the second hydraulic cylinder (4) is hinged to the first moving part (5). The third hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to one side of the rotating bracket. The second moving part (7) is hinged to the top of the third hydraulic cylinder (6). The first support frame (8) is rotatably connected with the first moving part (5) and the second moving part (7).

3. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operations underground according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second spring (29) is elastically supported between the movable plate (28) and the second notch (26). One side of the connecting plate (31) is in the shape of teeth and is meshed with the gear (14).

4. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (15) blocks one side of the first connecting frame (9). The end face of the pawl (12) is embedded in the tooth slot of the ratchet wheel (11), and the pawl (12) restricts the one-way rotation of the ratchet wheel (11).

5. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground according to claim 1, wherein: The first spring (23) is elastically supported between the first notch (20) and the movable frame (22). The second support frame (16), the first support frame (8), and the third support frame (18) all support the inner wall of the mine. The pressure contact plate (24) is in pressing contact with the middle of the inner wall of the mine.

6. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the top surfaces of the third support frame (18) and the pressure contact plate (24) are on the same horizontal line, the second support frame (16) and the first support frame (8) are flush with the third support frame (18).

7. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the connecting plate (31) moves downward, it will drive the support frame (13) and the second support frame (16) to rotate upward through the gear (14).

8. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operations underground according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the second support frame (16) presses against the inner wall of the mine, the first connecting frame (9) will apply an upward rotating force to the third support frame (18), and the third support frame (18) will be in pressing contact with the inner wall of the mine.

9. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground according to claim 1, wherein: Two sets of columns (32) are installed on the top of the support base (1). The top of each set of columns (32) is fixed with a side beam (33). An apron plate (34) is hinged to the outside of the side beam (33). A fourth hydraulic cylinder (35) is connected between the side beam (33) and the apron plate (34). A number of channel steel beam brackets (36) are fixed on both sides of the side beam (33).

10. A temporary support method for long tunneling and long supporting operations underground applicable to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the support position. Control the support base (1) to move into the mine through equipment, or move the support base (1) with rollers. S2. Adjust the support height. Control the rotating bracket (2) to rotate upward through the first hydraulic cylinder (3), and control the first movable member (5) and the second movable member (7) to move through the second hydraulic cylinder (4) and the third hydraulic cylinder (6) respectively, so as to control the angle and height of the first support frame (8) and make the first support frame (8) parallel to the support part of the mine. S3. Adapt to the shape of the inner wall of the mine. When the first movable member (5) rises, it will first drive the pressure contact plate (24) to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame (22). If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the pressure contact plate (24) will be squeezed to a position level with the third support frame (18). At the same time, the movement of the pressure contact plate (24) will drive the movable shaft (30) and the connecting plate (31) to move downward through the second connecting frame (25). At this time, through the cooperation between the movable shaft (30) and the connecting plate (31), the gear (14) will be driven to rotate, and it will drive the support frame (13) and the second support frame (16) to rotate upward through the rotating shaft (10), so that the second support frame (16), the first support frame (8), and the third support frame (18) all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is arc-shaped, when the pressure contact plate (24) is squeezed, the second support frame (16) will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame (8) and the first movable member (5) and the second movable member (7), the first connecting frame (9) will be driven to rotate upward until the third support frame (18) fits the inner wall of the mine, thereby being able to increase the support points on the inner wall of the mine, disperse the stress it receives, and enhance stability.

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