Temporary support system and method for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a temporary support system and method for long tunneling and long support operations in mines, relating to the technical field of mine excavation equipment, including a support seat, and also including: an adaptive support structure, which is arranged on the support seat and is used to support mines of different curvatures; wherein, the adaptive support structure includes two groups of rotating supports, the two groups of rotating supports are respectively located on both sides of the support seat, and are rotatably connected to the rotating supports, one side of the support seat is hinged with a first hydraulic cylinder, the top of the rotating support is connected with a second hydraulic cylinder, the top of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a first movable part, and one side of the rotating support is hinged with a third hydraulic cylinder, through the cooperation between the first support frame and the first movable part and the second movable part, the first connecting frame is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame is in contact with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support point position of the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine excavation equipment, in particular to a temporary support system and method for long tunneling and long support operations in mines. Background Art

[0002] During the mining process, the geological conditions are complex and there are many uncertain factors. In order to ensure the safety of mining, the mine must be temporarily supported. Only with sufficient temporary support can the smooth progress of mining be guaranteed, and various problems arising during mining can be effectively avoided.

[0003] In order to ensure a safe environment during the support of the excavation working face, temporary support equipment is needed when mining the mine. The temporary support equipment in the existing technology usually uses a hydraulic cylinder to control the support frame to support the top of the mine cavity. Since the support frame is an integrated design, the structure is relatively simple, and its support surface is always in a horizontal state, and the top of the inner wall of some mines is provided with an arc. When the support frame in a horizontal state supports the arc-shaped mine cave, the support points in the mine are only on both sides of the support frame, resulting in uneven stress on it, reducing the support effect on the mine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to remedy the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a temporary support system and method for long tunneling and long support operations in underground mines.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in a mine, comprising a support seat and further comprising:

[0006] Adaptive support structure, which is set on the support base and is used to support mines with different curvatures;

[0007] The adaptive support structure includes a drive assembly and a first support frame. The drive assembly includes two sets of rotating brackets, which are respectively located on both sides of the support base and are rotatably connected to the rotating bracket. A first hydraulic cylinder is hinged on one side of the support base, a second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top of the rotating bracket, a first movable part is hinged on the top of the second hydraulic cylinder, a third hydraulic cylinder is hinged on one side of the rotating bracket, and a second movable part is hinged on the top of the third hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] The first supporting frame is rotatably connected to the first movable member and the second movable member, and two groups of first connecting frames are fixed on the outer surface of the first supporting frame, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two groups of first connecting frames, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the first connecting frame and is fixed with a ratchet, and a pawl is hinged on one side of the first connecting frame through a torsion spring, a supporting frame and a gear are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a baffle is installed on one side of the second movable member, a second supporting frame is installed on the top of the supporting frame, and the top of the first connecting frame is connected to the third supporting frame through a reinforcing member, two groups of fixing members are installed on one side of the first movable member, a first slot is opened inside the fixing member, a first fixed shaft is installed inside the first slot, a movable frame and a first spring are sleeved on the outer surface of the first fixed shaft, a touch plate is connected to the top of the touch plate, and the bottom of the touch plate is connected to the second connecting frame, a second slot is opened inside the second connecting frame, a second fixed shaft is installed inside the second slot, a movable plate and a second spring are sleeved on the outer surface of the second fixed shaft, and one side of the movable plate is connected to the connecting plate through a movable shaft.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the second support frame, the first support frame and the third support frame all support the inner wall of the mine, and the touch pressure plate is in compression contact with the middle part of the inner wall of the mine.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the second spring is elastically supported between the movable plate and the second notch, and one side of the connecting plate is tooth-shaped and meshed with the gear.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the baffle blocks one side of the first connecting frame, the end face of the pawl is embedded in the tooth groove of the ratchet, and the pawl limits the one-way rotation of the ratchet.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first spring is elastically supported between the first notch and the movable frame, and the end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rotating bracket.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the top surfaces of the third supporting frame and the touch-pressure plate are on the same horizontal line, the second supporting frame and the first supporting frame are flush with the third supporting frame.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the connecting plate moves downward, it drives the supporting frame and the second supporting frame to rotate upward through the gears.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, two groups of columns are installed on the top of the support seat, and a side beam is fixed on the top of each group of columns. The outside of the side beam is hinged with a guard plate, and a fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected between the side beam and the guard plate. Several groups of channel steel beam brackets are fixed on both sides of the side beam.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the second support frame is pressed against the inner wall of the mine, the first connecting frame will apply an upward rotational force to the third support frame, and the third support frame will be pressed against the inner wall of the mine.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the following steps are included:

[0018] S1. Adjust the support position, control the support base to move into the mine through the equipment, or move the support base with rollers;

[0019] S2. Adjust the support height by controlling the upward rotation of the rotating bracket through the first hydraulic cylinder, and controlling the movement of the first movable member and the second movable member through the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder, respectively, to control the angle and height of the first support frame so that the first support frame remains parallel to the support part of the mine;

[0020] S3. Adapt to the shape of the inner wall of the mine. When the first movable part rises, it will first drive the touch plate to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame. If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the touch plate will be squeezed to a position horizontal with the third support frame. At the same time, the movement of the touch plate will drive the movable shaft and the connecting plate to move downward through the second connecting frame. At this time, the cooperation between the movable shaft and the connecting plate will drive the gear to rotate, so that it drives the support frame and the second support frame to rotate upward through the rotating shaft, so that the second support frame, the first support frame and the third support frame all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is arc-shaped, when the touch plate is squeezed, the second support frame will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame and the first movable part and the second movable part, the first connecting frame is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame fits with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support point of the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention cooperates with the movable shaft and the connecting plate. When the touch plate is squeezed, it drives the gear to rotate, so that it drives the support frame and the second support frame to rotate upward through the rotating shaft. At the same time, as the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder control the first support frame to continue to move upward, the second support frame will also continue to move upward until the second support frame is squeezed against the inner wall of the mine. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame and the first movable part and the second movable part, the first connecting frame is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame is in contact with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support point position on the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability.

[0023] 2. The present invention sets the touch plate in the middle of the inner wall of the mine. When the touch plate is squeezed, the second connecting frame can drive the connecting plate to move, so that the second support frame can be driven to rotate upward through the rotating shaft through the cooperation between the connecting plate and the gear. At this time, the height difference formed between the touch plate and the two groups of second support frames changes, so that it adapts to the curvature of the inner wall of the mine.

[0024] 3. The present invention can limit the one-way rotation of the ratchet through the cooperation between the pawl and the ratchet, so that the rotation direction of the rotating shaft can be limited by the ratchet. Therefore, when the inner wall of the mine is squeezed by the second support frame, the rotating shaft can be prevented from rotating along the inner side of the first connecting frame. At this time, the first connecting frame can be controlled to rotate through the cooperation between the first support frame, the second movable part and the first movable part, and when the first connecting frame rotates, the gear will push the connecting plate to drive the movable shaft into the inner wall of the second slot to avoid motion interference.

[0025] Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be learned from the practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure for the top of the inner wall of a horizontal mine according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the support structure for the top of the inner wall of an arc-shaped mine according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the front side of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the side of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0034] In the figure: 1. support base; 2. rotating bracket; 3. first hydraulic cylinder; 4. second hydraulic cylinder; 5. first movable part; 6. third hydraulic cylinder; 7. second movable part; 8. first supporting frame; 9. first connecting frame; 10. rotating shaft; 11. ratchet; 12. pawl; 13. supporting frame; 14. gear; 15. baffle; 16. second supporting frame; 17. reinforcement; 18. third supporting frame; 19. fixing part; 20. first notch; 21. first fixed axis; 22. movable frame; 23. first spring; 24. touch plate; 25. second connecting frame; 26. second notch; 27. second fixed axis; 28. movable plate; 29. ​​second spring; 30. movable axis; 31. connecting plate; 32. column; 33. side beam; 34. guard plate; 35. fourth hydraulic cylinder; 36. channel beam bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in a mine, comprising a support base 1 and further comprising:

[0037] An adaptive support structure, which is provided on the support base 1 and is used to support mines of different curvatures;

[0038] The adaptive support structure includes a drive assembly and a first support frame 8. The drive assembly includes two sets of rotating supports 2, which are respectively located on both sides of the support base 1 and are rotatably connected to the rotating supports 2. A first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged on one side of the support base 1, and a second hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to the top of the rotating support 2. A first movable part 5 is hinged on the top of the second hydraulic cylinder 4. A third hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged on one side of the rotating support 2, and a second movable part 7 is hinged on the top of the third hydraulic cylinder 6.

[0039] The first supporting frame 8 is rotatably connected to the first movable member 5 and the second movable member 7. Two groups of first connecting frames 9 are fixed on the outer surface of the first supporting frame 8. A rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected between the two groups of first connecting frames 9. One end of the rotating shaft 10 passes through the first connecting frame 9 and is fixed with a ratchet 11. A pawl 12 is hinged on one side of the first connecting frame 9 through a torsion spring. A support frame 13 and a gear 14 are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 10. A baffle 15 is installed on one side of the second movable member 7. A second supporting frame 16 is installed on the top of the supporting frame 13. The top of the first connecting frame 9 is connected to the third supporting frame 18 through a reinforcing member 17. The first movable member 5 Two groups of fixing parts 19 are installed on one side, and a first slot 20 is provided inside the fixing part 19. A first fixed shaft 21 is installed inside the first slot 20. The outer surface of the first fixed shaft 21 is sleeved with a movable frame 22 and a first spring 23. The top of the movable frame 22 is connected to the touch plate 24, and the bottom of the touch plate 24 is connected to the second connecting frame 25. A second slot 26 is provided inside the second connecting frame 25, and a second fixed shaft 27 is installed inside the second slot 26. The outer surface of the second fixed shaft 27 is sleeved with a movable plate 28 and a second spring 29. One side of the movable plate 28 is connected to the connecting plate 31 through a movable shaft 30.

[0040] When the supporting structure is controlled by the first hydraulic cylinder 3, the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6 to perform supporting operations on the mine, the movable frame 22 will first drive the touch plate 24 to contact the inner wall of the mine. When the touch plate 24 is squeezed, the gear 14 will be driven to rotate through the cooperation between the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31, so that it drives the support frame 13 and the second supporting frame 16 to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10. At the same time, as the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6 control the first supporting frame 8 to continue to move upward, the second supporting frame 16 will also continue to move upward until the second supporting frame 16 is squeezed against the inner wall of the mine. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first supporting frame 8 and the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7, the first connecting frame 9 is driven to rotate upward until the third supporting frame 18 is in contact with the inner wall of the mine, thereby being able to adapt to the different curvatures of the inner wall of the mine, improving the support point position of the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability;

[0041] By adapting it to the curvature of the inner wall of the mine, a reinforced arch is formed. The reinforced arch theory is to connect the rock mass with developed joints in the tunnel arch through the systematic arrangement of anchor rods, forming a continuous arched compression zone with self-bearing capacity along the cross section of the tunnel, so that the rock layer is reinforced and becomes an integral structure, supporting its own weight and the pressure of the upper roof. This theory is essentially to squeeze the rock mass within a certain range around the tunnel into a whole through the radial force of the anchor rods and cables, forming a reinforced arch. The key to the formation of the reinforced arch is to apply pre-tensioning stress to the anchor rods and cables. On the one hand, compressive stress is generated in the cone compression zone, thereby increasing the cohesion (bonding force) between the rock blocks and improving the strength of the rock mass; on the other hand, the rock in the compression zone is placed in a three-dimensional compressive state, which improves the strength of the rock mass.

[0042] After adopting the existing support scheme, a clear plastic zone distribution was found at the roadway corners, with a maximum roof subsidence of 15.1 mm, a 27.8 mm shift of the two sides, and a 12.4 mm bottom heave. After adopting the support optimization scheme, roadway deformation was effectively controlled, with a maximum roof subsidence of 14.9 mm, a 27.2 mm shift of the two sides, and a 12.5 mm bottom heave. Compared with the existing support scheme, the roadway roof subsidence decreased by 1.3%, and the shift of the two sides decreased by 2.2%. In addition, after adopting the support optimization scheme, the plastic zone range of the surrounding rock was basically consistent with that of the existing support scheme. Therefore, it can be concluded that the support optimization scheme can effectively control the deformation and failure of the roadway surrounding rock.

[0043] like Figure 3 、 4 As shown, the second support frame 16, the first support frame 8 and the third support frame 18 all support the inner wall of the mine, and the touch plate 24 is in compression contact with the middle part of the inner wall of the mine.

[0044] The design of the touch plate 24, because it is located in the middle of the inner wall of the mine and corresponds to the highest point of the curvature of the inner wall of the mine, when the touch plate 24 is squeezed, it can drive the connecting plate 31 to move via the second connecting frame 25. Therefore, through the cooperation between the connecting plate 31 and the gear 14, the second support frame 16 can be driven to rotate upward via the rotating shaft 10, so that the two sets of second support frames 16 and the touch plate 24 are simultaneously in contact with the inner wall of the mine, so that they adapt to the curvature of the inner wall of the mine.

[0045] Roadway deformation and failure first and mainly occur in the shallow surrounding rock. Therefore, improving the stability of the shallow surrounding rock is very important for inhibiting roadway deformation and reducing the expansion of the plastic zone. The support optimization scheme can evenly apply high prestress to the shallow surrounding rock in the roadway, which is most prone to deformation and failure, effectively reducing the Mohr circle radius, keeping the surrounding rock in a relatively stable triaxial stress state, and greatly improving the surrounding rock stability.

[0046] After the tunnel is excavated, the stress of the surrounding rock is unloaded, and the direction of the minimum principal stress is mainly the vertical stress direction. Applying high prestress perpendicular to the top plate to the surrounding rock can increase the minimum principal stress and reduce the radius of the Mohr circle. The greater the vertical compressive stress, the smaller the Mohr circle and the more stable the surrounding rock.

[0047] like Figure 5 、 6 As shown, the second spring 29 is elastically supported between the movable plate 28 and the second notch 26 , and one side of the connecting plate 31 is tooth-shaped and meshed with the gear 14 .

[0048] Through the design of the second spring 29, the movable plate 28 has good elastic reset performance. At this time, due to the compression state of the second spring 29, an elastic force will be applied to the movable plate 28, and when the first connecting frame 9 rotates, the movable plate 28 will be driven to move along the inner side of the second fixed shaft 27 through the connecting plate 31 and the movable shaft 30, thereby avoiding interference with the rotation of the first connecting frame 9.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the baffle 15 blocks one side of the first connecting frame 9, the end surface of the pawl 12 is embedded in the tooth groove of the ratchet 11, and the pawl 12 limits the one-way rotation of the ratchet 11.

[0050] Through the cooperation between the pawl 12 and the ratchet 11, the ratchet 11 and the rotating shaft 10 can be restricted from unidirectional rotation. Therefore, when the second support frame 16 is squeezed, the rotating shaft 10 and the first connecting frame 9 will be driven by the support frame 13 to rotate with the first support frame 8 as the axis, so that the third support frame 18 contacts the inner wall of the mine.

[0051] like Figure 1 、 8 As shown, the first spring 23 is elastically supported between the first notch 20 and the movable frame 22 , and the end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the rotating bracket 2 .

[0052] The design of the first spring 23 enables the movable frame 22 to have good elastic reset performance. At this time, since the first spring 23 is in a compressed state, it will apply an elastic force to the movable frame 22, so that the initial state of the touch plate 24 is located above the third support frame 18, and when the pawl 12 is manually controlled to separate from the ratchet 11, the support frame 13 and the second support frame 16 can be reset.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, when the top surfaces of the third supporting frame 18 and the touch-pressure plate 24 are on the same horizontal line, the second supporting frame 16 and the first supporting frame 8 are flush with the third supporting frame 18 .

[0054] Through the design of the third support frame 18, when the third support frame 18 and the touch plate 24 are on the same horizontal line, the top of the inner wall of the mine is also in a horizontal state, so that the inner wall of the mine can be supported by the second support frame 16, the first support frame 8 and the third support frame 18 at the same time.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, when the connecting plate 31 moves downward, the gear 14 drives the supporting frame 13 and the second supporting frame 16 to rotate upward.

[0056] Through the cooperation between the connecting plate 31 and the gear 14, when the connecting plate 31 moves downward, it will drive the gear 14 and the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, so that the second support frame 16 can be driven to rotate upward through the rotating shaft 10. At this time, the height difference formed between the touch plate 24 and the two groups of second support frames 16 changes, so that it adapts to the curvature of the inner wall of the mine.

[0057] like Figure 3 、 4 As shown, when the second support frame 16 is pressed against the inner wall of the mine, the first connecting frame 9 applies an upward rotational force to the third support frame 18, and the third support frame 18 is pressed against the inner wall of the mine.

[0058] Through the design of the second support frame 16, when the second support frame 16 squeezes the inner wall of the mine, since the rotating shaft 10 can only rotate in one direction, the applied force will push the first connecting frame 9 through the rotating shaft 10. At this time, through the cooperation between the first movable part 5, the second movable part 7 and the first support frame 8, the first support frame 8 and the first connecting frame 9 can be driven to rotate. At this time, the first connecting frame 9 will drive the third support frame 18 to rotate upward to support the inner wall of the mine.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, two groups of columns 32 are installed on the top of the support base 1, and a side beam 33 is fixed on the top of each group of columns 32. The outside of the side beam 33 is hinged with a guard plate 34. A fourth hydraulic cylinder 35 is connected between the side beam 33 and the guard plate 34, and several groups of channel steel beam brackets 36 are fixed on both sides of the side beam 33.

[0060] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0061] S1. Adjust the support position by controlling the support base 1 to move to the inside of the mine through the device, or move the support base 1 with the roller;

[0062] S2. Adjust the support height by controlling the upward rotation of the rotating bracket 2 through the first hydraulic cylinder 3, and controlling the movement of the first movable member 5 and the second movable member 7 through the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6, respectively, to control the angle and height of the first support frame 8 so that the first support frame 8 remains parallel to the support portion of the mine;

[0063] S3. Adapting to the shape of the inner wall of the mine, when the first movable member 5 rises, it will first drive the touch plate 24 to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame 22. If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the touch plate 24 will be squeezed to a position horizontal with the third support frame 18. At the same time, the movement of the touch plate 24 will drive the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31 to move downward through the second connecting frame 25. At this time, the cooperation between the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31 will drive the gear 14 to rotate, so that it drives the support frame 13 and the second support frame through the rotating shaft 10. 16 rotates upward, so that the second supporting frame 16, the first supporting frame 8 and the third supporting frame 18 all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is curved, when the touch plate 24 is squeezed, the second supporting frame 16 will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first supporting frame 8 and the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7, the first connecting frame 9 is driven to rotate upward until the third supporting frame 18 is in contact with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support point position of the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability.

[0064] Working principle:

[0065] S1. Adjust the support position by controlling the support base 1 to move to the inside of the mine through the device, or move the support base 1 with the roller;

[0066] S2. Adjust the support height by controlling the upward rotation of the rotating bracket 2 through the first hydraulic cylinder 3, and controlling the movement of the first movable member 5 and the second movable member 7 through the second hydraulic cylinder 4 and the third hydraulic cylinder 6, respectively, to control the angle and height of the first support frame 8 so that the first support frame 8 remains parallel to the support portion of the mine;

[0067] S3. Adapting to the shape of the inner wall of the mine, when the first movable member 5 rises, it will first drive the touch plate 24 to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame 22. If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the touch plate 24 will be squeezed to a position horizontal with the third support frame 18. At the same time, the movement of the touch plate 24 will drive the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31 to move downward through the second connecting frame 25. At this time, the cooperation between the movable shaft 30 and the connecting plate 31 will drive the gear 14 to rotate, so that it drives the support frame 13 and the second support frame through the rotating shaft 10. 16 rotates upward, so that the second supporting frame 16, the first supporting frame 8 and the third supporting frame 18 all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is curved, when the touch plate 24 is squeezed, the second supporting frame 16 will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first supporting frame 8 and the first movable part 5 and the second movable part 7, the first connecting frame 9 is driven to rotate upward until the third supporting frame 18 is in contact with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support point position of the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability.

[0068] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operations in a mine, comprising a support seat (1), characterized in that: Also includes: An adaptive support structure, which is arranged on a support seat (1) and is used to support mines of different curvatures; The adaptive support structure comprises a driving assembly, a first movable member (5), a second movable member (7) and a first support frame (8), two groups of first connecting frames (9) are fixed on the outer surface of the first support frame (8), a rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected between the two groups of first connecting frames (9), one end of the rotating shaft (10) passes through the first connecting frame (9) and is fixed with a ratchet (11), one side of the first connecting frame (9) is hinged with a pawl (12) through a torsion spring, a support frame (13) and a gear (14) are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (10), a baffle (15) is installed on one side of the second movable member (7), a second support frame (16) is installed on the top of the support frame (13), the top of the first connecting frame (9) is connected to the third support frame (18) through a reinforcing member (17), and the first movable member (7) is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (10). Two groups of fixing members (19) are installed on one side of the moving member (5), a first slot (20) is provided inside the fixing member (19), a first fixed shaft (21) is installed inside the first slot (20), a movable frame (22) and a first spring (23) are sleeved on the outer surface of the first fixed shaft (21), a touch plate (24) is connected to the top of the movable frame (22), a second connecting frame (25) is connected to the bottom of the touch plate (24), a second slot (26) is provided inside the second connecting frame (25), a second fixed shaft (27) is installed inside the second slot (26), a movable plate (28) and a second spring (29) are sleeved on the outer surface of the second fixed shaft (27), and one side of the movable plate (28) is connected to the connecting plate (31) through a movable shaft (30).

2. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving assembly comprises two groups of rotating brackets (2), a first hydraulic cylinder (3), a second hydraulic cylinder (4) and a third hydraulic cylinder (6), the two groups of rotating brackets (2) are respectively located on both sides of the support base (1), and the support base (1) is rotatably connected to the rotating bracket (2), the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the outer side of the support base (1), and the end of the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the rotating bracket (2), the top end of the rotating bracket (2) is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder (4), the top end of the second hydraulic cylinder (4) is hinged to the first movable member (5), the third hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to one side of the rotating bracket, the second movable member (7) is hinged to the top end of the third hydraulic cylinder (6), and the first movable member (5) and the second movable member (7) are both rotatably connected to the first support frame (8).

3. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second spring (29) is elastically supported between the movable plate (28) and the second notch (26); one side of the connecting plate (31) is tooth-shaped and meshes with the gear (14).

4. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The baffle (15) blocks one side of the first connecting frame (9), the end surface of the pawl (12) is embedded in the tooth groove of the ratchet (11), and the pawl (12) limits the one-way rotation of the ratchet (11).

5. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first spring (23) is elastically supported between the first notch (20) and the movable frame (22); the second support frame (16), the first support frame (8) and the third support frame (18) all support the inner wall of the mine; and the touch plate (24) is in compression contact with the middle of the inner wall of the mine.

6. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 5 is characterized by: When the top surfaces of the third support frame (18) and the touch plate (24) are on the same horizontal line, the second support frame (16) and the first support frame (8) are flush with the third support frame (18).

7. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 3 is characterized by: When the connecting plate (31) moves downward, it drives the supporting frame (13) and the second supporting frame (16) to rotate upward via the gear (14).

8. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 3 is characterized by: When the second support frame (16) is pressed against the inner wall of the mine, the first connecting frame (9) applies an upward rotational force to the third support frame (18), and the third support frame (18) is pressed against the inner wall of the mine.

9. The temporary support system for long tunneling and long support operation in underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of columns (32) are installed on the top of the support seat (1), and a side beam (33) is fixed on the top of each group of columns (32). A guard plate (34) is hinged on the outside of the side beam (33), and a fourth hydraulic cylinder (35) is connected between the side beam (33) and the guard plate (34). A plurality of groups of channel steel beam brackets (36) are fixed on both sides of the side beam (33).

10. A method for using a temporary support system suitable for long tunneling and long support operations in a mine according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Adjust the support position, control the support base (1) to move to the inside of the mine through the equipment, or move the support base (1) with the roller; S2. Adjust the support height by controlling the rotating bracket (2) to rotate upward through the first hydraulic cylinder (3), and controlling the movement of the first movable member (5) and the second movable member (7) through the second hydraulic cylinder (4) and the third hydraulic cylinder (6), respectively, so as to control the angle and height of the first support frame (8) so that the first support frame (8) remains parallel to the support portion of the mine; S3. Adapting to the shape of the inner wall of the mine, when the first movable member (5) rises, it will first drive the touch plate (24) to contact the inner wall of the mine through the movable frame (22). If the inner wall of the mine is horizontal, the touch plate (24) will be squeezed to a position horizontal with the third support frame (18). At the same time, the movement of the touch plate (24) will drive the movable shaft (30) and the connecting plate (31) to move downward through the second connecting frame (25). At this time, the gear (14) will be driven to rotate through the cooperation between the movable shaft (30) and the connecting plate (31), so that it drives the support frame (13) and the second supporting frame (18) through the rotating shaft (10). The support frame (16) rotates upward, so that the second support frame (16), the first support frame (8) and the third support frame (18) all support the inner wall of the mine. If the top of the inner wall of the mine is curved, when the touch plate (24) is squeezed, the second support frame (16) will contact the inner wall of the mine in advance. At the same time, through the cooperation between the first support frame (8) and the first movable member (5) and the second movable member (7), the first connecting frame (9) is driven to rotate upward until the third support frame (18) fits with the inner wall of the mine, thereby improving the support point position of the inner wall of the mine, dispersing the stress it is subjected to, and enhancing stability.

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