Residual pressure power generation method and system for water cooling system of data center

Abstract

The invention provides a data center water cooling system residual pressure power generation method and system.The method comprises the steps that the pressure difference of a main water supply and return main pipe is detected in real time, and when the pressure difference of the main water supply and return main pipe is within a preset first pressure difference range, pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main water supply and return main pipe are triggered; the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner water supply and return branch pipe is detected in real time, and when the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner water supply and return branch pipe is within a preset second pressure difference range, precision air conditioner branch pipe pressure difference recovery and power generation are triggered; the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is detected in real time, and when the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main pipeline valve are triggered; the vertical pressure difference generated by the chilled water vertical pipes between the floors due to the building height difference is used for triggering vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between the floors. The method and system can solve the problems that an existing residual pressure power generation technology does not cover a complex scene of a data center water cooling system, energy waste is caused, and further improvement of the overall energy efficiency of a data center is limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation in data centers, and particularly to a method and system for generating electricity from the surplus pressure of a water-cooling system in a data center. Background Art

[0002] Surplus pressure power generation technology is a technology that recovers the redundant pressure potential energy in a fluid transportation system and converts it into electrical energy. Its core principle is to use a turbine, an expander or a piezoelectric device to convert the mechanical energy generated by the pressure difference into electrical energy, and it is mainly applied to scenarios such as oil pipelines, urban water supply, and industrial circulating water systems.

[0003] However, the existing surplus pressure power generation technology has not covered the complex scenarios of the water-cooling system in the data center. At the same time, the current energy conservation research in data centers still focuses on optimizing liquid cooling heat dissipation and regulating operating parameters, and there is insufficient attention to the recovery of pressure potential energy. This has left the redundant pressure potential energy in the water-cooling system unutilized for a long time, not only causing energy waste but also restricting the further improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the data center. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for generating electricity from the surplus pressure of a water-cooling system in a data center in view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the problem that the existing surplus pressure power generation technology has not covered the complex scenarios of the water-cooling system in the data center, thereby causing energy waste and restricting the further improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the data center.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for generating electricity from the surplus pressure of a water-cooling system in a data center, the method comprising:

[0006] Real-time detecting the pressure difference between the main supply and return water headers, and triggering the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water headers when the pressure difference between the main supply and return water headers is within a preset first pressure difference range; wherein, the main supply and return water headers include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump;

[0007] Real-time detecting the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner, and triggering the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner when the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range;

[0008] Real-time detecting the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve, and triggering the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve when the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range;

[0009] Utilizing the vertical pressure difference generated by the building height difference of the chilled water riser between floors to trigger the recovery and power generation of the vertical pressure difference between floors;

[0010] Under the conditions of the start-stop of the chiller or the sudden change of the IT load, the change curve of the pressure difference is predicted through a preset prediction model. When the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter the preset pressure difference change rate range, the transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation are triggered.

[0011] Further, the first pressure difference range is 0.6 - 1.5 MPa. Triggering the recovery and power generation of the main supply and return water pipe pressure difference specifically includes:

[0012] The axial kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow of 0.6 - 1.5 MPa in the main supply and return water pipe is converted into the mechanical energy of the turbine rotation through the guide vane of the axial turbine in the two-stage turbine. The remaining kinetic energy is further recovered by the centrifugal force field of the radial turbine in the two-stage turbine, and at the same time, a magnetic suspension bearing is used to reduce losses.

[0013] Based on the recovered mechanical energy, a permanent magnet synchronous generator is driven through a coupling to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0014] The generated electrical energy is incorporated into the power grid through a low-harmonic inverter, and the power factor is compensated to more than 0.95 during the incorporation process.

[0015] Further, the method further includes:

[0016] Adjust the angle of the guide vane of the axial turbine according to the real-time pressure difference of the high-pressure water flow.

[0017] When the real-time pressure difference exceeds the maximum value of the first pressure difference range, control the bypass valve to open in stages.

[0018] Further, the second pressure difference range is 0.2 - 0.6 MPa. Triggering the recovery and power generation of the precision air-conditioning branch pipe pressure difference specifically includes:

[0019] The medium and low-pressure water flow of 0.2 - 0.6 MPa in the branch pipe is used to drive a micro-mixed flow turbine with a forward-curved blade design. The power is transmitted to the permanent magnet generator without contact through magnetic coupling, so that the permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC electricity. Among them, the output 48V DC electricity is preferentially supplied to the air-conditioning fan and water pump, and the remaining electric energy is stored in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply during load fluctuations.

[0020] Further, the method further includes:

[0021] Read the fan speed of the precision air conditioner through the Modbus protocol.

[0022] Dynamically adjust the angle of the forward-curved blade according to the fan speed and the load rate of the precision air conditioner.

[0023] Further, the third pressure difference range is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the triggering of the main pipeline valve pressure difference recovery and power generation specifically includes:

[0024] The pressure difference energy of 0.1-0.3MPa before and after the main pipeline valve is used to realize excess pressure recovery and power generation through a dual-mode switching mechanism. When the pressure difference is less than 0.2MPa, the piezoelectric ceramic array arranged in a ring inside the valve body is activated to convert the pressure pulsation into alternating current, which is rectified and boosted to 48V. When the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 0.2MPa, it is switched to a micro-impact turbine, and the steady-state pressure difference is used to drive the micro-generator to output direct current.

[0025] The output electric energy of the piezoelectric mode corresponding to the piezoelectric ceramic array and the turbine mode corresponding to the micro impact turbine is integrated and output through an intelligent switching circuit, wherein the output electric energy preferentially drives the valve actuator.

[0026] Furthermore, the triggering of vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors specifically includes:

[0027] The excess pressure recovery and power generation are achieved through the inter-layer series turbine group. The water flow pushes the turbines step by step under the action of gravity. Each layer of turbines independently drives the generator to generate electricity. At the same time, the direction of the water flow between stages is optimized through the diversion compensator.

[0028] The dynamic regulating valve installed at each layer outlet maintains pressure balance and outputs the electrical energy from each layer in a combined manner.

[0029] Furthermore, the preset prediction model is a long short-term memory network LSTM prediction model, and the prediction of the pressure difference change curve by the preset prediction model specifically includes:

[0030] Get historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate;

[0031] The historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate are input into the LSTM prediction model, and the pressure difference change curve for the next 200ms is output.

[0032] Furthermore, the preset pressure difference change rate range is 0.3-1.0 MPa / s, and the triggering of transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation specifically includes:

[0033] A low-inertia impact turbine with a titanium alloy impeller is used, which is matched with an air bearing to achieve zero-friction starting, converting the pressure pulse energy into the kinetic energy of the low-inertia impact turbine;

[0034] The energy storage priority is adjusted according to the pressure difference change curve output by the LSTM prediction model, and energy is released according to the gradient priority of flywheel energy storage, supercapacitors, and lithium batteries. Among them, flywheel energy storage takes priority in the first 300ms peak load, supercapacitors smooth subsequent fluctuations, and lithium batteries are used as energy storage backup;

[0035] Energy capture is achieved by using a composite energy storage system composed of a flywheel energy storage and a supercapacitor. Among them, the flywheel energy storage converts the pressure pulse energy into kinetic energy and then releases electrical energy through a permanent magnet generator, while the supercapacitor absorbs the remaining fluctuating energy to avoid impacting the power grid.

[0036] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a residual pressure power generation system for a water-cooled system in a data center, comprising:

[0037] A main pressure difference power generation module for real-time detection of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes. When the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes is within a preset first pressure difference range, it triggers the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes; among them, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump.

[0038] A branch pipe power generation module for real-time detection of the pressure difference between the supply and return water branch pipes of the precision air conditioner. When the pressure difference between the supply and return water branch pipes of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, it triggers the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner branch pipes.

[0039] A valve power generation module for real-time detection of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve. When the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, it triggers the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve.

[0040] A vertical pressure difference power generation module between floors for utilizing the vertical pressure difference generated by the building height difference of the chilled water riser between floors to trigger the recovery and power generation of the vertical pressure difference between floors.

[0041] A transient pressure fluctuation capture module for predicting the pressure difference change curve through a preset prediction model under the conditions of the start / stop of the chiller or the sudden change of the IT load of information technology. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter a preset pressure difference change rate range, it triggers the recovery and power generation of transient pressure fluctuations.

[0042] The method and system for generating electricity from the residual pressure of the water-cooling system in a data center provided by the present invention detect the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes in real time. When the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes is within a preset first pressure difference range, the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes are triggered. Among them, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the main pipes in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes. By detecting the pressure difference between the supply and return water branch pipes of the precision air conditioner in real time, when the pressure difference between the supply and return water branch pipes of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner branch pipes are triggered, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the branch pipes in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the pressure difference of the branch pipelines. By detecting the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time, when the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve are triggered, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the valves in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the throttling pressure difference of the valves. At the same time, the vertical pressure difference generated by the height difference of the chilled water riser between floors is utilized to trigger the recovery and power generation of the vertical pressure difference between floors, so as to cover the vertical pressure difference scenario in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the vertical static pressure difference. In addition, under the working conditions of the start-stop of the chiller or the sudden change of the IT load of information technology, the change curve of the pressure difference is predicted through a preset prediction model. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter a preset pressure difference change rate range, the recovery and power generation of the transient pressure fluctuation are triggered, so as to cover the transient pressure difference scenario in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the transient pressure fluctuation scenario. By comprehensively covering 5 types of pressure difference scenarios unique to the data center, the present invention can achieve gradient recovery for a wide range of pressure differences from 0.1 to 1.5 MPa, not only effectively avoiding energy waste, but also significantly improving the energy efficiency of the data center. It solves the problem that the existing residual pressure power generation technology has not covered the complex scenarios of the water-cooling system in the data center, resulting in energy waste and restricting the further improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the data center. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for generating electricity from the residual pressure of a water-cooling system in a data center according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of generating electricity from the residual pressure of the main supply and return water pipes according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main pressure difference power generation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of generating electricity from the residual pressure of the room-level precision air conditioner branch pipes according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the branch pipe power generation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the residual pressure power generation of the main pipeline valve in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is the schematic structural diagram of the valve power generation device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is the schematic diagram of the vertical residual pressure power generation between floors in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is the schematic structural diagram of the vertical pressure difference power generation device between floors in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is the schematic diagram of the transient pressure fluctuation power generation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 This is the schematic structural diagram of the transient pressure fluctuation capture device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 This is the schematic structural diagram of the residual pressure power generation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 13 This is the schematic structural diagram of a residual pressure power generation system for a water-cooled system in a data center in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0056] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] It can be understood that the specific embodiments and drawings described herein are only for explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention.

[0058] It can be understood that, without conflict, the various embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0059] It can be understood that each unit and module involved in the embodiments of the present invention may correspond to only one physical structure, or may be composed of multiple physical structures, or multiple units and modules may also be integrated into one physical structure.

[0060] It can be understood that in the flowcharts and block diagrams of the present invention, the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the systems, devices, equipment, and methods according to the embodiments of the present invention are shown. Among them, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a unit, module, program segment, code, which contains executable instructions for implementing the specified function. Moreover, each block or combination of blocks in the block diagram and flowchart can be implemented by a hardware-based system for implementing the specified function, or can be implemented by a combination of hardware and computer instructions.

[0061] It is understandable that the units and modules involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in software or in hardware. For example, the units and modules can be located in a processor.

[0062] Embodiment 1:

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for generating electricity from the residual pressure of a water-cooled system in a data center. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes:

[0064] Step S101: Detect the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes in real time. When the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes is within a preset first pressure difference range, trigger the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes; wherein, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump.

[0065] In this embodiment, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump, with a pipe diameter ≥ DN250, and the energy form is steady-state high-pressure difference potential energy. The pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes can be detected in real time through a pressure sensor.

[0066] Optionally, the first pressure difference range is 0.6 - 1.5 MPa. The triggering of the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes specifically includes:

[0067] Converting the axial kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow of 0.6 - 1.5 MPa in the main supply and return water pipes into the mechanical energy of turbine rotation through the guide vanes of a first-stage axial turbine in a two-stage turbine, further recovering the remaining kinetic energy by using the centrifugal force field of a second-stage radial turbine in the two-stage turbine, and at the same time using a magnetic levitation bearing to reduce losses;

[0068] Based on the recovered mechanical energy, driving a permanent magnet synchronous generator through a coupling to achieve the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy;

[0069] Incorporating the generated electrical energy into the power grid through a low-harmonic inverter, and performing power factor compensation to above 0.95 during the incorporation process.

[0070] In this embodiment, the high-pressure water flow refers to the water flow with a pressure between 0.6 - 1.5 MPa; the residual pressure recovery mechanism converts the steady-state high-pressure difference potential energy of the water flow into the rotational mechanical energy of the turbine through methods such as two-stage turbine energy extraction and magnetic levitation bearing loss reduction (i.e., reducing energy loss), and then drives a permanent magnet synchronous generator through a coupling to convert the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy. The generated electrical energy is incorporated into the power grid through a low-harmonic inverter, and power factor compensation is performed to above 0.95 during the incorporation process to meet the requirements of the power grid. Among them, the magnetic levitation bearing adopts a non-contact support method, avoiding the friction generated by mechanical contact in traditional bearings, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by friction and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the entire system.

[0071] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0072] Adjusting the angle of the guide vane of the first-stage axial turbine according to the real-time pressure difference of the high-pressure water flow;

[0073] When the real-time pressure difference exceeds the maximum value of the first pressure difference range, controlling the bypass valve to open in stages.

[0074] In this embodiment, the angle of the guide vane of the first-stage axial turbine (0°-80°) is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time pressure difference (ΔP) to maintain the optimal speed ratio and improve the energy recovery efficiency. At the same time, when the pressure difference exceeds the limit, overload protection is carried out by opening the bypass valve in stages (30%→60%→fully open) to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0075] Step S102: Detect the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner in real time. When the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, trigger the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the precision air conditioner branch.

[0076] In this embodiment, the precision air conditioner is an air conditioning device with high-precision temperature and humidity control capabilities and good air filtration functions. The pipe diameter of the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner is DN80-DN150, and its energy form is medium and low pressure difference steady-state energy.

[0077] Optionally, the second pressure difference range is 0.2-0.6 MPa. The triggering of the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the precision air conditioner branch specifically includes:

[0078] Using the medium and low pressure water flow of 0.2-0.6 MPa in the branch pipe to drive a micro-mixed flow turbine with a forward-curved blade design, and transmitting the power to the permanent magnet generator without contact through magnetic coupling drive, so that the permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC power. Among them, the output 48V DC power is preferentially supplied to the air conditioner fan and water pump, and the remaining electric energy is stored in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply during load fluctuations.

[0079] In this embodiment, the medium and low-pressure water flow refers to the water flow with a pressure between 0.2 - 0.6 Mpa. The forward-curved blades of the micro-mixed flow turbine are driven to rotate by the medium and low-pressure water flow in the branch pipe. Among them, the attack angle of the forward-curved blades is designed to be 25° - 40° to adapt to the low-flow condition and improve the energy recovery efficiency. The power is transmitted without contact through the magnetic coupling drive technology (transmission efficiency ≥ 98%) to avoid the risk of seal leakage. Then, a permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC electricity. The output 48V DC electricity is preferentially supplied to the air-conditioning fan and the water pump, and the remaining electric energy is stored in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply during load fluctuations. Among them, the micro-mixed flow turbine is a small fluid machine that combines the characteristics of axial flow and radial flow, with a diameter usually ranging from a few centimeters to dozens of centimeters, suitable for small-flow and low-pressure difference scenarios, and has a low output power.

[0080] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0081] Reading the fan speed of the precision air conditioner through the Modbus protocol;

[0082] Dynamically adjusting the angle of the forward-curved blades according to the fan speed and the load rate of the precision air conditioner.

[0083] In this embodiment, the fan speed of the air conditioner is read through the Modbus protocol, and then the angle of the forward-curved blades is dynamically adjusted according to the fan speed and the load rate of the precision air conditioner to dynamically optimize the blade angle and achieve load linkage control.

[0084] Step S103: Detect the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time. When the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, trigger the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main pipeline valve.

[0085] In this embodiment, the main pipeline valve is mainly installed on the main pipeline in front of or behind the dynamic balance valve and the regulating valve. Its energy form is high-frequency pressure pulsation + steady-state pressure difference.

[0086] Optionally, the third pressure difference range is 0.1 - 0.3 MPa. The triggering of the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main pipeline valve specifically includes:

[0087] Utilize the pressure difference energy of 0.1 - 0.3 MPa before and after the main pipeline valve to achieve residual pressure recovery and power generation through a dual-mode switching mechanism. Among them, when the pressure difference is less than 0.2 MPa, a piezoelectric ceramic array arranged annularly in the valve body is enabled to convert the pressure pulsation into alternating current, which is rectified and boosted to 48V. When the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa, it is switched to a micro-impulse turbine, and the steady-state pressure difference is used to drive a micro-generator to output direct current;

[0088] The output electric energy of the piezoelectric mode corresponding to the piezoelectric ceramic array and the turbine mode corresponding to the micro impact turbine is integrated and output through an intelligent switching circuit, wherein the output electric energy preferentially drives the valve actuator.

[0089] In this embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic array is arranged in a ring in the internal chamber of the valve body, and the resonant frequency matches the main frequency of the pressure pulsation (5-50Hz). The piezoelectric power generation generates alternating current through the deformation of the ceramic sheet, which is boosted to 48V after full-bridge rectification. The micro-impact turbine adopts a straight blade design (chord length / diameter ratio 0.3-0.5) to improve transient response capabilities. Turbine power generation outputs direct current through a micro-impact turbine directly driving a micro-generator. When the pressure difference is <0.2MPa, the piezoelectric ceramic array is enabled to recover high-frequency pulsation energy; when the pressure difference is ≥0.2MPa, it is switched to the micro-impact turbine to recover steady-state pressure difference energy. The dual-mode (piezoelectric mode and turbine mode) electric energy is combined and output through an intelligent switching circuit, in which the output electric energy preferentially drives the valve actuator, and the remaining electric energy can be stored in a lithium iron phosphate battery pack or supplied to other auxiliary equipment.

[0090] Step S104: utilizing the vertical pressure difference generated by the building height difference of the chilled water riser between floors to trigger the vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors.

[0091] In this embodiment, the diameter of the chilled water riser is DN150-DN300, and the absolute value of the vertical pressure difference between floors is determined by the building height (referring to the actual height spanned by the chilled water riser in the building). Generally, the pressure difference is about 0.1 MPa for every 10-meter height difference. Therefore, the pressure difference in the chilled water riser is caused by the height difference between floors. This pressure difference reflects the conversion of gravitational potential energy and can be used for energy recovery.

[0092] Optionally, the triggering of vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors specifically includes:

[0093] The excess pressure recovery and power generation are achieved through the inter-layer series turbine group. The water flow pushes the turbines step by step under the action of gravity. Each layer of turbines independently drives the generator to generate electricity. At the same time, the direction of the water flow between stages is optimized through the diversion compensator.

[0094] The dynamic regulating valve installed at each layer outlet maintains pressure balance and outputs the electrical energy from each layer in a combined manner.

[0095] In this embodiment, the vertical pressure difference energy generated by the building height difference of the chilled water riser between floors is utilized, and the surplus pressure recovery and power generation are realized through an interlayer series turbine group. Among them, the water flows vertically downward to push the turbines step by step, and part of the energy is recovered at each stage. At the same time, a diversion compensator is used to optimize the water flow direction between stages and reduce the turbulent loss; the turbines on each floor independently drive generators to realize step-by-step power generation, and the total power is the product of the single-stage power by the number of stages (considering the efficiency decay compensation). A dynamic regulating valve is set at the outlet of each floor to maintain pressure balance (fluctuation ≤ ±0.02 MPa), and the electric energy of each level is summarized and output; when abnormal flow is detected, the abnormal section automatically switches to the bypass to ensure the continuous operation of the system.

[0096] Step S105: Under the conditions of the start-stop of the chiller or the sudden change of the IT (Information Technology) load, predict the pressure difference change curve through a preset prediction model. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter the preset pressure difference change rate range, trigger the transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation.

[0097] In this embodiment, in the transient pressure fluctuation recovery scenario, when it is detected that the pressure difference change rate enters the preset pressure difference change rate range, the recovery and power generation process of the transient pressure fluctuation will be automatically triggered. This process can quickly respond to the transient pressure fluctuation, convert the transient pressure fluctuation into millisecond-level pulse energy for recovery and power generation, and ensure the effective utilization of energy.

[0098] Optionally, the preset prediction model is an LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) prediction model. The process of predicting the pressure difference change curve through the preset prediction model specifically includes:

[0099] Obtain the historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate;

[0100] Input the historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate into the LSTM prediction model, and output the pressure difference change curve for the next 200 ms.

[0101] In this embodiment, under the conditions of the start-stop of the chiller or the sudden change of the IT load, the LSTM prediction model analyzes data such as historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate, and outputs the pressure difference curve for the next 200 ms, so as to calculate the pressure difference change rate at different times.

[0102] Optionally, the preset pressure difference change rate range is 0.3 - 1.0 MPa / s. The process of triggering the transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation specifically includes:

[0103] Adopt a low-inertia impact turbine with a titanium alloy impeller, and cooperate with an air bearing to achieve zero-friction start, and convert the pressure pulse energy into the kinetic energy of the low-inertia impact turbine;

[0104] Adjust the energy storage priority according to the differential pressure change curve output by the LSTM prediction model, and release energy in the gradient priority of flywheel energy storage, supercapacitor, and lithium battery. Among them, the flywheel energy storage gives priority to bearing the peak load in the first 300 ms, the supercapacitor suppresses the subsequent fluctuations, and the lithium battery is used as the energy storage backup;

[0105] Use a composite energy storage system composed of flywheel energy storage and supercapacitor to achieve energy capture. Among them, the flywheel energy storage converts the pressure pulse energy into kinetic energy and then releases electric energy through a permanent magnet generator, while the supercapacitor absorbs the remaining fluctuating energy to avoid impacting the power grid.

[0106] In this embodiment, a low-inertia impact turbine with a titanium alloy impeller with a thickness of 2-3 mm is used, and zero-friction startup is achieved in cooperation with an air bearing, and the pressure pulse energy is efficiently converted into the kinetic energy of the low-inertia impact turbine.

[0107] In this embodiment, the LSTM prediction model optimizes the energy storage priority scheduling by predicting pressure mutations 200 ms in advance, and releases energy in the gradient priority of flywheel energy storage → supercapacitor → lithium battery. Among them, the scheduling logic can be as follows:

[0108] The flywheel releases energy first (response time ≤ 0.3 seconds);

[0109] The supercapacitor follows (buffering subsequent fluctuations);

[0110] The lithium battery is finally used as the long-term energy storage backup.

[0111] In this embodiment, a composite energy storage system composed of flywheel energy storage and supercapacitor is used to achieve energy capture. Among them, the flywheel energy storage gives priority to bearing the peak load in the first 300 ms, the supercapacitor suppresses the subsequent fluctuations, and the lithium battery is used as the long-term energy storage backup. The three work together to achieve energy buffering from milliseconds to seconds, ensuring stable grid connection of power generation.

[0112] In a specific embodiment, the method for generating electricity from the surplus pressure of the water-cooling system of the data center involves the energy recovery of the differential pressure between the main supply and return water pipes, the differential pressure of the branch pipes, the differential pressure of valve throttling, the vertical static pressure difference, and the transient pressure fluctuation scenario, and specifically may include the following steps:

[0113] Step 1. Recovery and power generation of the differential pressure between the main supply and return water pipes

[0114] 1) Scenario characteristics:

[0115] Differential pressure range: 0.6 - 1.5 MPa

[0116] Typical location: Section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump (pipe diameter ≥ DN250)

[0117] Energy form: Steady-state high-pressure differential potential energy

[0118] It should be noted that this typical position belongs to the category of the main supply and return water headers and is the core scenario for the differential pressure recovery of the main supply and return water headers.

[0119] 2) Surplus pressure recovery mechanism:

[0120] Double-stage turbine energy extraction:

[0121] First-stage axial turbine: The axial kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow is converted into the rotational mechanical energy of the turbine through the guide vanes.

[0122] Second-stage radial turbine: The remaining kinetic energy is further recovered using the centrifugal force field. The flow direction of the water is optimized by the fairing, and the total efficiency is increased by 12 - 15%.

[0123] Magnetic levitation bearing loss reduction: The contactless bearing reduces the frictional loss (efficiency loss < 0.8%).

[0124] 3) Power generation principle:

[0125] Energy conversion: The turbine drives the permanent magnet synchronous generator through the coupling, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy (efficiency ≥ 38%);

[0126] Power management: The electrical energy is incorporated into the power grid through a low-harmonic inverter, and the power factor is compensated to above 0.95;

[0127] Overload protection: When the differential pressure exceeds the limit, the bypass valve opens in stages to ensure the safety of the system.

[0128] Specifically, the principle of generating electricity from the surplus pressure of the main supply and return water headers can be as Figure 2 shown. The water pressure potential energy is used to drive the turbine to rotate, converting the water pressure potential energy into mechanical energy, and then through the principle of electromagnetic induction, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and output.

[0129] 4) Control method:

[0130] Dynamic blade adjustment: Adjust the angle (0° - 80°) of the blade (i.e., the guide vanes of the first-stage axial turbine) according to the real-time differential pressure (ΔP) to maintain the optimal speed ratio;

[0131] Three-stage overload protection: The bypass valve opens in stages (30% → 60% → fully open) to prevent overpressure shock.

[0132] It should be noted that the dynamic blade adjustment belongs to the dynamic optimization control of the surplus pressure recovery process, aiming to maintain the optimal speed ratio by adjusting the blade angle and improve the energy recovery efficiency.

[0133] Specifically, it can be through such as Figure 3The shown main pressure difference power generation device realizes the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main water supply and return pipes. Among them, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure difference ΔP between the main water supply and return pipes in real time; the PID controller is used to judge whether it is within the effective working range (0.6 - 1.5 MPa) according to the real-time pressure difference ΔP, and dynamically adjust the guide vane angle (0° - 80°) of the first-stage axial turbine to maintain the best matching of the turbine speed and the water flow rate; the hydraulic servo mechanism is the execution unit of the PID controller, responsible for converting the electrical signal into a mechanical action and precisely adjusting the guide vane angle of the first-stage axial turbine.

[0134] As Figure 3 shown, the working principle of the main pressure difference power generation device is as follows:

[0135] ① High-pressure water supply input (for example, 1.2 MPa): The water flow enters the main water supply and return pipes from the outlet of the chiller, carrying high-pressure potential energy.

[0136] ② The pressure sensor monitors ΔP: It detects the pressure difference ΔP = 0.8 MPa between the water supply end (for example, 1.2 MPa) and the water return end (for example, 0.4 MPa) in real time, and transmits the data to the PID controller.

[0137] ③ The PID controller dynamically adjusts the vane angle: It calculates the optimal vane angle according to ΔP (for example, when ΔP = 0.8 MPa, the angle is set to 50°), and drives the vane through the hydraulic servo mechanism.

[0138] ④ Double-stage turbine energy extraction:

[0139] First-stage axial turbine: The guide vanes convert the axial kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow into the rotational mechanical energy of the turbine;

[0140] Second-stage radial turbine: It further recovers the remaining kinetic energy by using the centrifugal force field. The fairing optimizes the water flow direction, and the total efficiency is increased by 12 - 15%.

[0141] ⑤ Magnetic levitation bearing loss reduction: The non-contact magnetic levitation bearing supports the turbine shafting, and the friction loss < 0.8%, ensuring the efficient transmission of mechanical energy.

[0142] ⑥ Permanent magnet generator power generation: The turbine drives the permanent magnet synchronous generator (efficiency ≥ 95%) through the coupling, and converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy (efficiency ≥ 38%).

[0143] ⑦ Electrical energy output and grid connection: The electrical energy output by the generator is connected to the grid through a low-harmonic inverter (THD < 3%), and the power factor is compensated to more than 0.95.

[0144] ⑧ Step-down water return (0.4 MPa): The water flow after energy recovery is stepped down to 0.4 MPa and returns to the inlet section of the primary pump to complete the cycle.

[0145] ⑨ Overload protection: If ΔP exceeds 1.5 MPa, the bypass valve opens in stages (30% → 60% → fully open) to prevent overpressure shock.

[0146] Step 2, Differential pressure recovery and power generation of the branch pipes of room-level precision air conditioners

[0147] 1) Scenario characteristics:

[0148] Differential pressure range: 0.2 - 0.6 MPa

[0149] Typical location: Supply and return water branch pipes of precision air conditioners (pipe diameter DN80 - DN150)

[0150] Energy form: Medium and low differential pressure steady-state energy

[0151] 2) Surplus pressure recovery mechanism:

[0152] Micro mixed-flow turbine: Forward-curved blade design (angle of attack 25° - 40°) to adapt to low-flow conditions;

[0153] Magnetic coupling drive: Eliminate the risk of mechanical seal leakage, and the transmission efficiency ≥ 98%.

[0154] Power generation principle:

[0155] Magnetic coupling drive: Transmit power without contact, avoiding the risk of seal leakage;

[0156] DC power generation output: The permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC power, which is preferentially supplied to the air conditioner fan and water pump;

[0157] Energy storage collaboration: The remaining electric energy is stored in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply during load fluctuations.

[0158] Specifically, the principle of surplus pressure power generation of the branch pipes of room-level precision air conditioners can be as Figure 4 shown. The medium and low-pressure water flow is used to drive the forward-curved blade turbine to rotate. After magnetic coupling speed increase, the permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC power to supply key loads and store energy.

[0159] 4) Control method:

[0160] Load linkage control: Read the rotation speed of the air conditioner fan through the Modbus protocol and dynamically optimize the blade angle;

[0161] Self-consistent power distribution: Prioritize ensuring power supply for local equipment (fan + water pump), and store the remaining electricity.

[0162] Specifically, the differential pressure recovery and power generation of the branch pipes of room-level precision air conditioners can be achieved through the branch pipe power generation device as Figure 5 shown. Among them, the working principle of the branch pipe power generation device is as follows:

[0163] ① Input of medium and low-pressure water flow (for example, 0.4 MPa)

[0164] Function description: The water flow pressure in the branch pipe (such as the supply and return water branch pipes of room-level precision air conditioners) is 0.4 MPa, belonging to the medium and low pressure difference scenario (0.2 - 0.6 MPa).

[0165] ② The flow sensor monitors the flow rate of the branch pipe

[0166] Function description: The flow sensor detects the water flow rate of the branch pipe in real time (accuracy ±2%), and the data is transmitted to the load controller.

[0167] ③ Micro mixed-flow turbine and blade adjustment

[0168] Function description: Design of the micro mixed-flow turbine: The forward-curved blades (attack angle 25° - 40°) are adapted to low-flow conditions to improve the energy recovery efficiency;

[0169] Adjustment angle: The load controller dynamically adjusts the blade angle according to the air conditioner load rate (30 - 100%) to optimize the matching of the turbine speed and the water flow rate.

[0170] ④ Planetary gearbox for speed increase transmission

[0171] Function description: The planetary gearbox increases the low-speed mechanical energy of the micro mixed-flow turbine to a high speed suitable for the micro generator (for example, from 500 rpm to 3000 rpm) to improve the power generation efficiency.

[0172] ⑤ Micro permanent magnet generator for power generation

[0173] Function description: The permanent magnet generator is driven by the planetary gearbox to convert mechanical energy into 48V DC electricity; the output electric energy is preferentially supplied to the air conditioner fan (power factor ≥0.95) and the water pump frequency converter (efficiency ≥92%).

[0174] ⑥ Load controller and power distribution

[0175] Function description: The load linkage control reads the air conditioner fan speed through the Modbus protocol and dynamically optimizes the blade angle;

[0176] Power distribution logic: 50% is supplied to the air conditioner fan; 30% is used to drive the water pump; the remaining 20% is stored in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply during load fluctuations.

[0177] ⑦ DC power supply and energy storage coordination

[0178] Function description: The 48V DC electricity directly drives local devices to reduce the inversion loss; the remaining electric energy is stored in the energy storage system through the intelligent switching circuit to achieve self-consistent management of electric energy.

[0179] Specifically, the complete working process of the branch pipe power generation device is as follows:

[0180] ① Water flow input: Medium and low pressure water flow (0.4 MPa) enters the branch pipe;

[0181] ② Flow rate monitoring: The flow sensor detects the real-time flow rate;

[0182] ③ Turbine regulation: The load controller adjusts the angle of the mixed-flow turbine blades according to the flow rate and the load rate;

[0183] ④ Mechanical energy extraction: The micro mixed-flow turbine drives the planetary gearbox to increase the speed;

[0184] ⑤ Electric energy generation: The permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC electricity;

[0185] ⑥ Electric energy distribution: Priority is given to supplying the air-conditioning fan and the water pump, and the remainder is stored in the energy storage system;

[0186] ⑦ Energy storage coordination: The lithium battery pack suppresses the load fluctuation and ensures the power supply continuity.

[0187] Step 3: Differential pressure recovery and power generation of the main pipeline valve

[0188] 1) Scenario characteristics:

[0189] Differential pressure range: 0.1 - 0.3 MPa

[0190] Typical locations: Front and rear ends of the dynamic balance valve and the regulating valve

[0191] Energy form: High-frequency pressure pulsation + steady-state differential pressure

[0192] 2) Residual pressure recovery mechanism:

[0193] Piezoelectric ceramic array: Arranged in a ring in the internal chamber of the valve body; The resonance frequency matches the main frequency of the pressure pulsation (5 - 50 Hz).

[0194] Micro impact turbine: The straight blade design (chord length / diameter ratio 0.3 - 0.5) improves the transient response ability.

[0195] 3) Power generation principle:

[0196] Piezoelectric power generation: The ceramic sheet deforms to generate alternating current, which is boosted to 48V after full-bridge rectification;

[0197] Turbine power generation: The impact turbine directly drives the micro generator to output direct current;

[0198] Electric energy integration: The dual-mode electric energy is combined and output through the intelligent switching circuit, and the valve actuator is preferentially driven.

[0199] Specifically, the principle of residual pressure power generation of the main pipeline valve can be as Figure 6As shown, the piezoelectric material is deformed by pressure pulsation to generate alternating current; the steady-state pressure difference is used to drive the turbine to rotate and output direct current; finally, the system integrates the two modes of AC power generation and DC power generation to complete the power output.

[0200] 4) Control method:

[0201] Dual-mode switching logic: The pressure difference threshold triggers mode conversion

[0202] Frequency adaptability: Automatically adjust the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic (step ±2Hz).

[0203] Among them, the pressure difference threshold can be set to 0.2MPa (within the range of 0.1 - 0.3MPa). The mode switching logic includes:

[0204] When the pressure difference < 0.2MPa, enable the piezoelectric ceramic array to recover high-frequency pulsating energy;

[0205] When the pressure difference ≥ 0.2MPa, switch to the micro-impulse turbine to recover the steady-state pressure difference energy.

[0206] The two modes are integrated and output through an intelligent switching circuit to achieve complementary coverage.

[0207] Specifically, it can be achieved through the valve power generation device as Figure 7 shown to recover and generate electricity from the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve. Among them, the working principle of the valve power generation device is as follows: Energy is recovered through a dual-mode power generation body (piezoelectric mode - ceramic array / turbine mode - impulse turbine) during the fluid pressure reduction process (0.8MPa before the valve → 0.5MPa after the valve), and finally uniformly output by the power integration module.

[0208] Step 4: Recovery and power generation of the vertical pressure difference between floors

[0209] 1) Scenario characteristics:

[0210] Source of pressure difference: Building height difference (every 10m = 0.1MPa)

[0211] Typical location: Chilled water riser (pipe diameter DN150 - DN300)

[0212] Form of energy: Gravity potential energy gradient

[0213] It should be noted that the absolute value of the vertical pressure difference between floors is determined by the building height, but there are range limitations in actual applications. For example, for an 8-story building with a floor height of 4m, the total pressure difference is 0.32MPa, that is, the pressure difference per floor is about 0.04MPa (0.1MPa / 10m × 4m). Therefore, the vertical pressure difference range is jointly determined by the building height and the number of floors, but the single-stage pressure difference is usually 0.04 - 0.1MPa per floor.

[0214] 2) Surplus pressure recovery mechanism:

[0215] Interlayer series-connected turbine group: The water flow vertically descends and drives the turbines step by step, and part of the energy is recovered at each level;

[0216] Flow guide compensator: Optimize the water flow direction between levels and reduce the turbulent loss.

[0217] Power generation principle:

[0218] Step-by-step power generation: Each layer of turbines independently drives the generator, and the total power is the product of the single-stage power (efficiency decay compensation);

[0219] Voltage stabilization control: A dynamic regulating valve is set at the outlet of each layer to maintain pressure balance (fluctuation ≤ ±0.02MPa);

[0220] Specifically, the vertical surplus pressure power generation principle between floors can be as Figure 8 shown. Driven by gravitational potential energy, the water flow is gradually transformed to drive the turbines on each floor, and each floor realizes independent power generation. Finally, the electric energy of each level is aggregated and output.

[0221] Fault isolation: Automatically switch to the bypass in the abnormal section to ensure the continuous operation of the system.

[0222] 4) Control method:

[0223] Inter-level pressure balance: Dynamically adjust the pressure stabilizing valve at the outlet of each layer (accuracy ±0.02MPa);

[0224] Fault isolation strategy: When a flow anomaly is detected, switch to the bypass within 0.5 seconds.

[0225] Specifically, the vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors can be realized through the vertical pressure difference power generation device between floors as Figure 9 shown. Among them, the working principle of the vertical pressure difference power generation device between floors is as follows: High-pressure water supply (0.32MPa) enters from the top floor (8F), and the water flow drives each layer of turbines (from 8F to 1F) in turn under the action of gravity. Each layer of turbines independently converts gravitational potential energy into electric energy and finally aggregates and outputs; after step-by-step pressure reduction, the return water pressure drops to 0MPa and is discharged from the bottom floor.

[0226] Step 5, Transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation

[0227] 1) Scenario characteristics:

[0228] Differential pressure change rate: 0.3 - 1.0MPa / s (when the differential pressure change rate is within this range, surplus pressure recovery is achieved)

[0229] Typical working conditions: Start and stop of the chiller, sudden change of IT load

[0230] Energy form: Millisecond-level pulsed energy

[0231] 2) Surplus pressure recovery mechanism:

[0232] Low-inertia impact turbine: The titanium alloy impeller (with a thickness of 2 - 3 mm) reduces the moment of inertia; the air bearing enables zero-friction startup.

[0233] Composite energy storage system: The flywheel energy storage undertakes the peak load in the first 300 ms; the supercapacitor suppresses the subsequent fluctuations.

[0234] It should be noted that in the transient pressure fluctuation recovery scenario, when the differential pressure change rate reaches 0.3 - 1.0 MPa / s, the system realizes energy capture through the low-inertia impact turbine and the composite energy storage system. The composite energy storage system includes flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors, and the two cooperate to achieve energy buffering from milliseconds to seconds.

[0235] 3) Power generation principle:

[0236] Flywheel energy storage: The impact energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the flywheel, and the electric energy is steadily released through the permanent magnet generator;

[0237] Capacitor buffering: The supercapacitor absorbs the remaining fluctuating energy to avoid grid impact;

[0238] Predictive control: The AI model anticipates pressure mutations 200 ms in advance to optimize energy storage scheduling.

[0239] Specifically, the transient pressure fluctuation power generation principle can be as Figure 10 shown, driving the turbine to accelerate transiently through pulsed energy, storing the kinetic energy and then releasing it in a gradient manner for power generation.

[0240] 4) Control method:

[0241] LSTM prediction model: Input historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate, and output the differential pressure curve for the next 200 ms;

[0242] Energy storage priority scheduling: Flywheel energy storage → Supercapacitor → Lithium battery for gradient release.

[0243] Among them, the scheduling logic can be as follows:

[0244] The flywheel releases energy first (response time ≤ 0.3 seconds);

[0245] The supercapacitor follows (buffering the subsequent fluctuations);

[0246] The lithium battery is used as the long-term energy storage backup finally.

[0247] Trigger basis: Dynamically adjust the priority according to the differential pressure change curve predicted by the LSTM model (such as mutation amplitude and duration), rather than relying only on the differential pressure change rate.

[0248] Specifically, it can be achieved by a transient pressure fluctuation capture device as shown in Figure 11 to recover and generate electricity from transient pressure fluctuations. The working principle of the transient pressure fluctuation capture device is as follows: An impact turbine is driven by a sudden pressure change (0.3 - 1.0 MPa), and after flywheel energy storage and capacitor buffering, stable grid connection is achieved.

[0249] In another specific embodiment, the method for generating electricity from the residual pressure of the data center water cooling system is applied to a residual pressure power generation system. The schematic diagram of the architecture of the residual pressure power generation system is as shown in Figure 12 and mainly includes a main pressure difference power generation device, a branch pipe power generation device, a valve power generation device, a vertical pressure difference power generation device between floors, a transient pressure fluctuation capture device (including an impact turbine module and a composite energy storage system), and an intelligent control center. The descriptions of each part are as follows:

[0250] (1) Main pressure difference power generation device (related to the chiller)

[0251] Axial-radial compound turbine unit: Impeller diameter 280 mm, blade angle 0° - 80° electro-hydraulic regulation;

[0252] Magnetic levitation bearing system: Axial stiffness ≥ 1×10 8 N / m, leakage rate ≤ 0.05 L / min;

[0253] High-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous generator: Efficiency ≥ 95%, protection class IP54.

[0254] Deployment location: Main supply and return water pipelines, specifically the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump (pipe diameter ≥ DN250).

[0255] Function: Recover the energy of the high pressure difference (0.6 - 1.5 MPa) in the main pipeline.

[0256] (2) Branch pipe power generation device (related to the primary unit)

[0257] Micro mixed-flow turbine: Diameter 80 - 150 mm, power density ≥ 1.5 kW / dm;

[0258] High-frequency piezoelectric ceramic array: Resonant frequency 5 - 50 Hz, single-point power ≥ 20 W.

[0259] Deployment location: Supply and return water branch pipes of room-level precision air conditioners (pipe diameter DN80 - DN150).

[0260] Function: Recover the energy of the medium and low pressure difference (0.2 - 0.6 MPa) and directly supply power to the air conditioner fan and water pump.

[0261] (3) Vertical pressure difference power generation device between floors (vertical power generation tower)

[0262] Interlayer series turbine group: each layer is equipped with a micro axial flow turbine (2kW / layer, interstage efficiency attenuation ≤2%);

[0263] Gravity compensation pressure stabilization system: volume ratio 1:1.5, liquid level control accuracy ±3cm.

[0264] Deployment location: The inter-floor vertical section of the chilled water riser (pipe diameter DN150-DN300), located between the building's stratified return water system and the floor riser.

[0265] Function: Generate electricity step by step by utilizing the gravitational potential energy generated by the height difference of buildings (every 10m = 0.1MPa).

[0266] (4) Valve power generation device

[0267] Dual-mode energy recovery module: piezoelectric ceramic (20W / dm 3 )+impact turbine (0.2-0.5MPa);

[0268] Self-powered regulating valve: integrated energy recovery and dynamic flow control.

[0269] (5) Transient pressure fluctuation capture device

[0270] Low inertia impact turbine (titanium alloy impeller): moment of inertia ≤ 0.02kg·m 2 , response time ≤ 0.15s

[0271] Composite energy storage system: flywheel (millisecond response) + supercapacitor (second buffer)

[0272] Deployment location: Transient pressure fluctuation areas such as chiller start-stop interface and IT load mutation point (pressure difference change rate 0.3-1.0MPa / s). Among them, the low-inertia impact turbine module is deployed at the pressure mutation point (such as the chiller outlet) to quickly respond to millisecond-level pressure pulses; composite energy storage system: flywheel energy storage (first 300ms peak load) and supercapacitor (subsequent fluctuation buffer) are deployed in coordination, usually close to the impact turbine.

[0273] Deployment logic: After the transient pressure energy is captured by the impact turbine, the composite energy storage system smoothes the fluctuation and stores it, and finally connects it to the power grid or provides it for use by local devices.

[0274] (6) Intelligent Control Center

[0275] Deployment location: System core control unit, usually integrated with the power management system.

[0276] Function: Centrally coordinate the operation of each module, and execute control logic such as LSTM prediction, dynamic blade adjustment, mode switching, etc. The core functions are as follows:

[0277] Data integration: Receive real-time data (differential pressure, flow rate, power generation, etc.) from each module through the OPC protocol;

[0278] Intelligent regulation: Dynamically adjust the blade angle (such as PID control of the main differential pressure power generation device and load linkage control of the branch pipe power generation device); Trigger Dual-mode switching (valve power generation scenario); Schedule energy storage priority (flywheel → capacitor → lithium battery);

[0279] Prediction and optimization: Predict pressure mutations (200 ms in advance) based on the LSTM model; Optimize the start-stop strategy of the chiller to reduce transient impact.

[0280] Instruction execution: The control center sends instructions to each device (such as regulating valve opening, turbine speed, energy storage release strategy) to ensure the efficient coordination of the system.

[0281] The present invention will be further described in detail below with specific examples

[0282] Example 1: Differential pressure power generation in the main supply and return water header

[0283] 1. Scenario: From the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump (pipe diameter DN300, differential pressure 0.6 - 1.2 MPa)

[0284] 2. Operating process:

[0285] 1) A high-precision pressure sensor monitors the inlet and outlet differential pressure in real time (sampling rate 10 Hz)

[0286] 2) The PID controller dynamically adjusts the turbine blade angle (adjustment speed 0.5° / s)

[0287] 3) The magnetic levitation bearing maintains the stability of the shafting (vibration ≤ 4.5 mm / s)

[0288] 4) The output of the generator is connected to the grid through a low-harmonic inverter (total harmonic distortion rate < 3%)

[0289] 3. Effect: Annual power generation: 2.21 GWh (comprehensive efficiency 38.7%), differential pressure fluctuation suppression rate: 85% (from ±12% to ±1.5%).

[0290] Example 2: Differential pressure power generation in the room-level branch pipe

[0291] 1. Scenario: Supply and return water branch pipes of room-level precision air conditioners (pipe diameter DN80, differential pressure 0.2 - 0.5 MPa)

[0292] 2. Operating process:

[0293] 1) A flow sensor detects the flow rate of the branch pipe (accuracy ±2%)

[0294] 2) The angle of the turbine blade is adjusted adaptively according to the air-conditioning load rate (30 - 100%).

[0295] 3) Electric energy is distributed according to priorities:

[0296] 50% is supplied to the air-conditioning fan (power factor ≥ 0.95)

[0297] 30% drives the water pump frequency converter (efficiency ≥ 92%)

[0298] 20% is stored in the energy storage system

[0299] 3. Effect: Annual power generation of a single air conditioner: 29.4 MWh, self-sufficiency rate of fan power supply: 60%.

[0300] Example 3: Power generation by the main pipeline valve

[0301] 1. Scenario: Dynamic balance valve of the chilled water main pipeline (pipe diameter DN200, pressure difference 0.1 - 0.3 MPa)

[0302] 2. Operating process:

[0303] 1) When the pressure difference < 0.2 MPa: Piezoelectric mode recovers high-frequency pulsating energy (AC 0 - 50 V)

[0304] 2) When the pressure difference ≥ 0.2 MPa: Turbine mode recovers steady-state pressure difference energy (DC 48 V)

[0305] 3) The dual-mode electric energy is integrated and output through an intelligent switching circuit

[0306] 3. Effect: Annual power generation: 8.7 MWh / valve, self-power supply rate of the valve control circuit: 100%.

[0307] Example 4: Vertical power generation between floors

[0308] 1. Scenario: Chilled water supply and return risers of an 8-story building (floor height 4 m, total pressure difference 0.32 MPa)

[0309] 2. Operating process:

[0310] 1) The vertical falling of water flow drives an 8-stage turbine to generate electricity step by step

[0311] 2) The inter-stage pressure stabilizing valve automatically compensates for pressure loss (response time ≤ 0.3 s)

[0312] 3) The faulty section is automatically switched to the bypass pipeline (switching delay ≤ 0.5 s)

[0313] 3. Effect: Annual power generation: 100.8 MWh, reduction of energy consumption in the water pump system: 18%.

[0314] Example 5: Power generation by transient pressure fluctuations

[0315] 1. Scenario: Instant start and stop of the chiller (pressure change rate 0.5 MPa / s)

[0316] 2. Operating process:

[0317] 1) The LSTM model predicts pressure mutation 200 ms in advance

[0318] 2) The flywheel is pre-accelerated to 15,000 rpm for energy storage

[0319] 3) The flywheel absorbs 80% of the transient energy during the impact stage (0 - 0.3 s)

[0320] 4) The remaining energy is smoothed by the supercapacitor (0.3 - 1 s)

[0321] 3. Effect: Energy recovered per single start and stop: 144 kJ, annual cumulative power generation: 6.3 MWh

[0322] It should be noted that the method for generating electricity from the residual pressure of the water-cooling system in the data center provided by the present invention has the following remarkable features:

[0323] a) Five-dimensional pressure difference gradient recovery architecture: Comprehensively covering five types of pressure difference scenarios of the main header / branch pipe / valve / vertical / transient, realizing 50 ms-level transient response through the cooperation of titanium alloy low-inertia turbines and flywheel energy storage, and at the same time applying the magnetic levitation two-stage turbine intelligent coupling technology;

[0324] b) Piezoelectric-turbine dual-mode power generation unit: Adopting an annular piezoelectric ceramic array (5 - 50 Hz dynamic frequency modulation) and intelligent switching of impact turbines, effectively filling the gap in power generation with low-threshold pressure difference;

[0325] c) Vertical pressure difference cascade voltage stabilization system: Realizing high-precision inter-stage pressure control and low-latency bypass switching through the cascade of inter-layer independent axial flow turbine groups and flow guiding compensators.

[0326] The residual pressure power generation method for the water-cooled system of a data center provided by an embodiment of the present invention detects the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes in real time. When the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes is within a preset first pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main supply and return water pipes are triggered. Among them, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the main pipes in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes. By detecting the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner in real time, when the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the precision air conditioner branch pipes are triggered, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the branch pipes in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the pressure difference of the branch pipelines. By detecting the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time, when the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main pipeline valve are triggered, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the valves in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the throttling pressure difference of the valves. At the same time, the vertical pressure difference generated by the height difference of the chilled water risers between floors is utilized to trigger the vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors, so as to cover the vertical pressure difference scenario in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the vertical static pressure difference. In addition, under the conditions of starting and stopping the chiller or sudden change of the IT load of information technology, the predicted pressure difference change curve is predicted by a preset prediction model. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter a preset pressure difference change rate range, the transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation are triggered, so as to cover the transient pressure difference scenario in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the transient pressure fluctuation scenario. The present invention can realize the gradient recovery of the 0.1-1.5MPa wide-range pressure difference by comprehensively covering the 5 types of pressure difference scenarios unique to the data center, not only effectively avoiding energy waste, but also significantly improving the energy efficiency of the data center. It solves the problem that the existing residual pressure power generation technology has not covered the complex scenarios of the water-cooled system of the data center, thus causing energy waste and restricting the further improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the data center.

[0327] Embodiment 2:

[0328] As Figure 13 shown, this embodiment provides a residual pressure power generation system for the water-cooled system of a data center, which is used to execute the above-mentioned residual pressure power generation method for the water-cooled system of the data center, and includes:

[0329] The main pressure difference power generation module 11 is used to detect the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes in real time. When the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes is within a preset first pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main supply and return water pipes are triggered. Among them, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump;

[0330] The branch pipe power generation module 12 is used to detect the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner in real time. When the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the precision air conditioner branch pipes are triggered;

[0331] The valve power generation module 13 is used to detect the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time, and when the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, trigger the main pipeline valve pressure difference recovery and power generation;

[0332] The vertical pressure difference power generation module 14 between floors is used to utilize the vertical pressure difference generated by the chilled water riser between floors due to the building height difference to trigger the vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors;

[0333] The transient pressure fluctuation capture module 15 is used to predict the pressure difference change curve through a preset prediction model when the chiller is started or stopped or the IT load suddenly changes. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter the preset pressure difference change rate range, the transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation are triggered.

[0334] Optionally, the first pressure difference range is 0.6-1.5 MPa, and the main pressure difference power generation module 11 includes:

[0335] The first recovery unit is used to convert the axial kinetic energy of the 0.6-1.5 MPa high-pressure water flow in the main supply and return water main pipe into mechanical energy for turbine rotation through the guide vanes of the first-stage axial turbine in the two-stage turbine, and further recover the remaining kinetic energy by using the centrifugal force field of the second-stage radial turbine in the two-stage turbine, while using magnetic suspension bearings for loss reduction;

[0336] A first power generation unit is used to drive a permanent magnet synchronous generator through a coupling based on the recovered mechanical energy to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy;

[0337] The grid-connecting unit is used to connect the generated electric energy into the grid via the low harmonic inverter, and to compensate the power factor to above 0.95 during the connection process.

[0338] Optionally, the main pressure difference power generation module 11 further includes:

[0339] A first regulating unit, used for regulating the angle of the guide vane of the first-stage axial turbine according to the real-time pressure difference of the high-pressure water flow;

[0340] The bypass valve control unit is used to control the bypass valve to open in stages when the real-time pressure difference exceeds the maximum value of the first pressure difference range.

[0341] Optionally, the second pressure difference range is 0.2-0.6 MPa, and the branch pipe power generation module 12 includes:

[0342] The branch pipe power generation unit is used to utilize the medium and low pressure water flow of 0.2 - 0.6 MPa in the branch pipe to drive a micro - mixed - flow turbine with a forward - curved blade design, and transfer the power to a permanent - magnet generator without contact through magnetic - coupling transmission, so that the permanent - magnet generator outputs 48V DC electricity. Among them, the output 48V DC electricity is preferentially supplied to the air - conditioner fan and the water pump, and the remaining electric energy is stored in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply when the load fluctuates.

[0343] Optionally, the branch pipe power generation module 12 further includes:

[0344] The fan speed acquisition unit is used to read the fan speed of the precision air - conditioner through the Modbus protocol;

[0345] The second adjustment unit is used to dynamically adjust the angle of the forward - curved blade according to the fan speed and the load rate of the precision air - conditioner.

[0346] Optionally, the third pressure difference range is 0.1 - 0.3 MPa, and the valve power generation module 13 includes:

[0347] The valve power generation unit is used to utilize the pressure - difference energy of 0.1 - 0.3 MPa before and after the main - pipeline valve, and realize the recovery and power generation of the surplus pressure through a dual - mode switching mechanism. Among them, when the pressure difference is less than 0.2 MPa, a piezoelectric ceramic array arranged annularly in the valve body is enabled to convert pressure pulsation into alternating current, which is rectified and boosted to 48V. When the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa, it is switched to a micro - impact turbine to drive a micro - generator to output direct current by using the steady - state pressure difference;

[0348] The integrated output unit is used to integrate and output the electric energy output in the piezoelectric mode corresponding to the piezoelectric ceramic array and the turbine mode corresponding to the micro - impact turbine through an intelligent switching circuit. Among them, the output electric energy preferentially drives the valve actuator.

[0349] Optionally, the vertical pressure difference power generation module 14 between floors includes:

[0350] The vertical pressure difference power generation unit between floors is used to realize the recovery and power generation of the surplus pressure through an inter - layer series turbine group. Among them, the water flow pushes the turbines step by step under the action of gravity, and each layer of turbine independently drives the generator to generate electricity. At the same time, the flow - direction of the water between levels is optimized through a diversion compensator;

[0351] The summary output unit is used to maintain pressure balance through a dynamic regulating valve arranged at the outlet of each floor and summarize and output the electric energy of each floor.

[0352] Optionally, the transient pressure - fluctuation capture module 15 includes:

[0353] The historical - data acquisition unit is used to acquire historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate;

[0354] A differential pressure change curve prediction unit, which is used to input historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate into an LSTM prediction model and output a differential pressure change curve for the next 200 ms.

[0355] Optionally, the preset differential pressure change rate range is 0.3 - 1.0 MPa / s, and the transient pressure fluctuation capture module 15 further includes:

[0356] A second recovery unit, which is used to adopt a low-inertia impact turbine with a titanium alloy impeller and cooperate with an air bearing to achieve zero-friction startup, and convert the pressure pulse energy into the kinetic energy of the low-inertia impact turbine;

[0357] An energy storage priority adjustment unit, which is used to adjust the energy storage priority according to the differential pressure change curve output by the LSTM prediction model, and release energy in the gradient priority of flywheel energy storage, super capacitor, and lithium battery. Among them, the flywheel energy storage preferentially undertakes the peak load in the first 300 ms, the super capacitor suppresses the subsequent fluctuations, and the lithium battery is used as the energy storage backup;

[0358] An energy capture unit, which is used to utilize a composite energy storage system composed of flywheel energy storage and super capacitor to achieve energy capture. Among them, the flywheel energy storage converts the pressure pulse energy into kinetic energy and then releases electric energy through a permanent magnet generator, and the super capacitor absorbs the remaining fluctuating energy to avoid impacting the power grid.

[0359] In summary, the method and system for generating electricity from the surplus pressure of the water-cooled system in the data center provided by the embodiments of the present invention trigger the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes by detecting the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes in real time. When the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes is within a preset first pressure difference range, the main supply and return water pipes include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the main pipes in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the pressure difference between the main supply and return water pipes. By detecting the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner in real time, when the pressure difference between the supply and return water branches of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner branches are triggered, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the branches in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the pressure difference of the branch pipelines. By detecting the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time, when the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve are triggered, so as to cover the pressure difference scenario of the valves in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the throttling pressure difference of the valves. At the same time, the vertical pressure difference generated by the height difference of the chilled water risers between floors is utilized to trigger the recovery and power generation of the vertical pressure difference between floors, so as to cover the vertical pressure difference scenario in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the vertical static pressure difference. In addition, under the conditions of starting and stopping the chiller or sudden change of the IT load of information technology, the pressure difference change curve is predicted by a preset prediction model. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter a preset pressure difference change rate range, the recovery and power generation of the transient pressure fluctuation are triggered, so as to cover the transient pressure difference scenario in the data center and realize the energy recovery of the transient pressure fluctuation scenario. By comprehensively covering the 5 types of pressure difference scenarios unique to the data center, the present invention can achieve gradient recovery for a wide range of pressure differences from 0.1 to 1.5 MPa, not only effectively avoiding energy waste, but also significantly improving the energy efficiency of the data center. It solves the problem that the existing surplus pressure power generation technology has not covered the complex scenarios of the water-cooled system in the data center, thus causing energy waste and restricting the further improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the data center.

[0360] It can be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating electricity from the residual pressure of a water-cooling system in a data center, characterized in that, The method includes: Detecting the pressure difference of the main supply and return water pipelines in real time. When the pressure difference of the main supply and return water pipelines is within a preset first pressure difference range, triggering the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main supply and return water pipelines; wherein, the main supply and return water pipelines include the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump. Detecting the pressure difference of the supply and return water branch pipes of the precision air conditioner in real time. When the pressure difference of the supply and return water branch pipes of the precision air conditioner is within a preset second pressure difference range, triggering the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner branch pipes. Detecting the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time. When the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within a preset third pressure difference range, triggering the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve. Utilizing the vertical pressure difference generated by the height difference of the building in the chilled water riser between floors to trigger the recovery and power generation of the vertical pressure difference between floors. Under the conditions of starting and stopping the chiller or sudden change of IT load in information technology, predicting the pressure difference change curve through a preset prediction model. If the prediction result indicates that the pressure difference change rate will enter a preset pressure difference change rate range, triggering the recovery and power generation of transient pressure fluctuations.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first pressure difference range is 0.6 - 1.5 MPa. The triggering of the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main supply and return water pipelines specifically includes: Converting the axial kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow of 0.6 - 1.5 MPa in the main supply and return water pipelines into the mechanical energy of turbine rotation through the guide vanes of the first-stage axial turbine in the double-stage turbine, further recovering the remaining kinetic energy by the centrifugal force field of the second-stage radial turbine in the double-stage turbine, and at the same time using magnetic levitation bearings to reduce losses. Based on the recovered mechanical energy, driving a permanent magnet synchronous generator through a coupling to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. Incorporating the generated electrical energy into the power grid through a low-harmonic inverter, and compensating the power factor to more than 0.95 during the incorporation process.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The method further includes: Adjusting the angle of the guide vanes of the first-stage axial turbine according to the real-time pressure difference of the high-pressure water flow. When the real-time pressure difference exceeds the maximum value of the first pressure difference range, controlling the bypass valve to open in stages.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The second pressure difference range is 0.2 - 0.6 MPa. The triggering of the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner branch pipes specifically includes: Utilizing the medium and low-pressure water flow of 0.2 - 0.6 MPa in the branch pipes to drive a micro-mixed flow turbine with a forward-curved blade design, and transmitting the power to a permanent magnet generator without contact through magnetic coupling drive, so that the permanent magnet generator outputs 48V DC electricity. Among them, the output 48V DC electricity is preferentially supplied to the air conditioner fan and water pump, and the remaining electric energy is stored in a lithium iron phosphate battery pack for power supply during load fluctuations.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The method further includes: Reading the fan speed of the precision air conditioner through the Modbus protocol. Dynamically adjusting the angle of the forward-curved blades according to the fan speed and the load rate of the precision air conditioner.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The third pressure difference range is 0.1 - 0.3 MPa. The triggering of the recovery and power generation of the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve specifically includes: The pressure difference energy of 0.1-0.3MPa before and after the main pipeline valve is used to realize excess pressure recovery and power generation through a dual-mode switching mechanism. When the pressure difference is less than 0.2MPa, the piezoelectric ceramic array arranged in a ring inside the valve body is activated to convert the pressure pulsation into alternating current, which is rectified and boosted to 48V. When the pressure difference is greater than or equal to 0.2MPa, it is switched to a micro-impact turbine, and the steady-state pressure difference is used to drive the micro-generator to output direct current. The output electric energy of the piezoelectric mode corresponding to the piezoelectric ceramic array and the turbine mode corresponding to the micro impact turbine is integrated and output through an intelligent switching circuit, wherein the output electric energy preferentially drives the valve actuator.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering of vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors specifically includes: The excess pressure recovery and power generation are achieved through the inter-layer series turbine group. The water flow pushes the turbines step by step under the action of gravity. Each layer of turbines independently drives the generator to generate electricity. At the same time, the direction of the water flow between stages is optimized through the diversion compensator. The dynamic regulating valve installed at each layer outlet maintains pressure balance and outputs the electrical energy from each layer in a combined manner.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The preset prediction model is a long short-term memory network LSTM prediction model. The prediction of the pressure difference change curve by the preset prediction model specifically includes: Get historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate; The historical pressure, water temperature, and load rate are input into the LSTM prediction model, and the pressure difference change curve for the next 200ms is output.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The preset pressure difference change rate range is 0.3-1.0MPa / s, and the triggering of transient pressure fluctuation recovery and power generation specifically includes: A low-inertia impact turbine with a titanium alloy impeller is used, which is matched with an air bearing to achieve zero-friction starting, converting the pressure pulse energy into the kinetic energy of the low-inertia impact turbine; The energy storage priority is adjusted according to the pressure difference change curve output by the LSTM prediction model, and energy is released according to the gradient priority of flywheel energy storage, supercapacitors, and lithium batteries. Among them, flywheel energy storage takes priority in the first 300ms peak load, supercapacitors smooth subsequent fluctuations, and lithium batteries are used as energy storage backup; Energy capture is achieved by using a composite energy storage system consisting of flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors. The flywheel energy storage converts pressure pulse energy into kinetic energy and then releases electrical energy through a permanent magnet generator, while the supercapacitor absorbs the remaining fluctuating energy to avoid impact on the power grid.

10. A residual pressure power generation system for a water-cooled system in a data center, characterized in that, include: The main pressure difference power generation module is used to detect the pressure difference of the main supply and return water main pipe in real time. When the pressure difference of the main supply and return water main pipe is within the preset first pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the main supply and return water main pipe are triggered; wherein the main supply and return water main pipe includes the section from the outlet of the chiller to the inlet of the primary pump; The branch pipe power generation module is used to detect the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner supply and return water branch pipe in real time. When the pressure difference of the precision air conditioner supply and return water branch pipe is within the preset second pressure difference range, the pressure difference recovery and power generation of the precision air conditioner branch pipe are triggered; The valve power generation module is used to detect the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve in real time. When the pressure difference of the main pipeline valve is within the preset third pressure difference range, the main pipeline valve pressure difference recovery and power generation are triggered; The vertical pressure difference power generation module between floors is used to utilize the vertical pressure difference generated by the building height difference of the chilled water riser between floors to trigger the vertical pressure difference recovery and power generation between floors; A transient pressure fluctuation capture module is used to predict the differential pressure change curve through a preset prediction model under the conditions of the start / stop of a chiller or a sudden change in IT load. When the prediction result indicates that the differential pressure change rate will enter the preset differential pressure change rate range, it triggers the recovery and power generation of transient pressure fluctuations.

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