Vertical axis wind turbine and control method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a vertical-axis wind driven generator and a control method thereof. The vertical-axis wind driven generator comprises a wind driven generator vertical main shaft, an inclined sliding rail structure and a blade assembly. A plurality of inclined sliding rails included in the inclined sliding rail structure are evenly arranged around a vertical main shaft of the wind driven generator, the included angles between the axes of the inclined sliding rails in the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind driven generator are equal and smaller than 90 degrees, and the height is increased in the radial direction. The total number of the sliding rails corresponding to the plurality of inclined sliding rails is an even number; the blade assembly comprises a plurality of blade structures, the total number of the blades corresponding to the blade structures is the same as the total number of the sliding rails, and the bottom end face of each inclined sliding rail in the multiple inclined sliding rails is correspondingly connected with one blade structure in a sliding mode. According to the embodiment of the invention, the inclined slide rail is arranged on the vertical main shaft of the wind driven generator, so that the blade structure slidably connected to the inclined slide rail can flexibly move along the inclined slide rail to change the rotational inertia, thereby reducing the starting wind speed of the wind driven generator and improving the power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generators, and particularly to a vertical axis wind turbine and its control method. Background Art

[0002] As a green and renewable energy source, wind energy has received extensive attention and emphasis due to its rich resources and relatively mature technology. A horizontal axis wind turbine refers to a wind turbine whose blade rotating shaft is parallel to the horizontal line, and mainly includes a wind wheel, a main shaft, a generator, a tower, a yaw system, etc. When the wind blows through the wind wheel of the horizontal axis wind turbine, the blades on the wind wheel are subjected to the action of the wind force to generate lift, causing the blades to rotate around the main shaft. The rotation of the wind wheel drives the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft then transmits mechanical energy to the generator to make it operate. The coils inside the generator make a cutting magnetic induction line movement in the magnetic field, thereby generating electric energy.

[0003] At present, although the horizontal axis wind turbine has made great progress in design and application, due to its limitations such as sensitivity to wind direction, large floor area, and high noise, it has certain limitations in many application scenarios.

[0004] In view of the above defects of the horizontal axis wind turbine, the design of a vertical axis wind turbine is proposed. Due to its advantages such as not being restricted by the wind direction, small floor area, and low noise, the vertical axis wind turbine has great application potential in cities and complex geographical environments. However, in the existing vertical axis wind power devices, the blades are fixed relative to the main shaft, and there are still some technical bottlenecks in the power generation efficiency, which restricts its large-scale popularization and promotion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine and its control method, aiming to solve the problem that in the prior art, the blades of the vertical axis wind turbine are fixed relative to the main shaft and the power generation efficiency is low.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine, which includes a vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly; a plurality of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure are uniformly arranged around the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, and the angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails in the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine are equal and all less than 90°, the plurality of inclined slide rails increase in height in the radial direction, and the total number of slide rails corresponding to the plurality of inclined slide rails is an even number; the blade assembly includes a plurality of blade structures, the total number of blades corresponding to the plurality of blade structures is the same as the total number of slide rails, and the bottom surface of each inclined slide rail in the plurality of inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves along the inclined slide rail accordingly when subjected to the wind force to change the moment of inertia.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for a vertical-axis wind turbine, which is applied to the vertical-axis wind turbine described in the first aspect above. The method includes: A tachometer acquires the current rotational speed value and sends it to the controller; An anemometer acquires the current wind speed value and sends it to the controller; Based on the current wind speed value, the current rotational speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy, the controller determines the current target stop position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the vertical-axis wind turbine on the corresponding inclined slide rail; wherein, the blade position control strategy is used to make the stop positions of the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rails have a preset tip speed ratio; According to the current target stop position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail, the controller controls the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target stop position on the inclined slide rail.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical-axis wind turbine and its control method, including: a vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly; the multiple inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure are uniformly arranged around the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, the angles between the axes of the multiple inclined slide rails in the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90°, the multiple inclined slide rails rise in height in the radial direction, and the total number of slide rails corresponding to the multiple inclined slide rails is an even number; the blade assembly includes multiple blade structures, the total number of blades corresponding to the multiple blade structures is the same as the total number of slide rails, and the bottom surface of each inclined slide rail in the multiple inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure can move along the inclined slide rail accordingly when affected by wind force to change the moment of inertia. The embodiment of the present invention can set an inclined slide rail on the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, so that the blade structure slidably connected to the inclined slide rail can move flexibly along it to change the moment of inertia, thereby reducing the starting wind speed of the wind turbine and improving the power generation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0010] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is the second structural schematic diagram of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the front-view perspective structural schematic diagram of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the wind state partition in the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the schematic structural block diagram of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine in the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the schematic flow diagram of the control method of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the schematic sub-flow diagram of the control method of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is another schematic sub-flow diagram of the control method of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0011] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0012] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0013] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0014] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the related listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0015] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1The first structural schematic diagram of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 The front-view perspective structural schematic diagram of the vertical-axis wind turbine provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the vertical-axis wind turbine includes: a vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure 200, and a blade assembly 300; a plurality of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure 200 are uniformly arranged around the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, and the included angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails in the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90°, the plurality of inclined slide rails rise in height in the radial direction, and the total number of slide rails corresponding to the plurality of inclined slide rails is an even number; the blade assembly 300 includes a plurality of blade structures, the total number of blades corresponding to the plurality of blade structures is the same as the total number of slide rails, and the bottom surface of each inclined slide rail 211 in the plurality of inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure 311 correspondingly, so that the blade structure 311 moves along the inclined slide rail correspondingly when affected by wind force to change the moment of inertia.

[0016] In this embodiment, structures such as the generator, tower, and yaw system in the vertical-axis wind turbine are not shown, but the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, the inclined slide rail structure 200, and the blade assembly 300 that are changed compared with the horizontal-axis wind turbine are shown. Among them, when the vertical-axis wind turbine is in a stationary state, each blade structure 311 in the plurality of blade structures in the blade assembly 300 slides and stops at the first end of the inclined slide rail due to its own gravity (wherein, the first end of the inclined slide rail is the end connected to the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine), so the overall moment of inertia of the vertical-axis wind turbine is small at this time. Since the greater the horizontal distance of each blade structure 311 in the plurality of blade structures of the blade assembly 300 from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, the greater the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly 300, and the smaller the horizontal distance of each blade structure 311 from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, the smaller the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly 300, so when the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly 300 changes while the moment of inertia of other structures except the blade assembly 300 in the vertical-axis wind turbine remains unchanged, it can also affect the overall moment of inertia of the vertical-axis wind turbine.

[0017] When the blade assembly 300 is in the initial state when the vertical axis wind turbine is stationary, once it is affected by the wind force, due to the relatively small overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly 300, it can start at a relatively low wind speed. As the wind speed increases, the blade assembly 300 is affected by the centrifugal force during the rotation process, and each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the blade assembly 300 gradually moves away from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, increasing the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly 300, thereby increasing the overall moment of inertia of the vertical axis wind turbine and improving the power generation efficiency and power generation stability.

[0018] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, each blade structure 311 in the multiple blade structures includes an inner blade 3111 and an outer blade 3112, and the inner blade 3111 is hinged to the outer blade 3112 through a hinge structure 3113; the top end of the hinge structure 3113 or the outer blade 3112 is slidably connected to the corresponding inclined slide rail 211 through a pulley structure (not shown).

[0019] In this embodiment, when the blade structure 311 adopts a specific structure including an inner blade 3111 and an outer blade 3112, it can be regarded as a shell blade structure. The outer blade 3112 in the blade structure 311 is fixed and the inner blade 3111 can open and close relative to the outer blade 3112. When there is no wind, the inner blade 3111 is opened by the action of gravity (that is, the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 is greater than 0°). When the blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 is in this state, the entire vertical axis wind turbine is regarded as a drag-type wind turbine and can be started by a gentle breeze; when the wind speed reaches a preset wind speed value such as 4 m / s, the inner blade 3111 is mainly affected by the centrifugal force, and the blade structure 311 reaches a closed state (that is, the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 is equal to 0°), and the entire vertical axis wind turbine is regarded as a lift-type wind turbine, which can effectively improve the power generation efficiency at the working wind speed.

[0020] To more clearly understand the working principle of the blade assembly 300, the working conditions of each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 at each wind speed will be described in detail below: 1) When the wind speed is 0 m / s, each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 is at the first end of the inclined slide rail, and the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 is greater than 0°; 2) When the wind speed is 1.5 m / s, the blade structure 311 closer to the air inlet direction in the blade assembly 300 is regarded as the inner ring blade, and the blade structure 311 away from the air inlet direction in the blade assembly 300 is regarded as the outer ring blade. The angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 of the inner ring blade is greater than 0°, and the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 of the outer ring blade is close to 0° or equal to 0°; 3) When the wind speed is 4 m / s, the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 of the blade assembly 300 is equal to 0°, and each blade structure 311 is slightly away from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine; 4) When the wind speed is 15 m / s, the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 of the blade assembly 300 still remains equal to 0°, and each blade structure 311 is completely away from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine (more specifically, each blade structure 311 is at the second end of the inclined slide rail, and the second end of the inclined slide rail is the end farthest from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine).

[0021] In the above example, the working conditions of each blade structure in the blade assembly are described under partial wind speed conditions. From the above working conditions, it can be obtained that the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly is relatively low at low wind speeds and is easy to start; as the wind speed continuously increases, the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly continuously increases, and the power generation efficiency is improved; when the wind speed exceeds a certain value and all blade structures are at the second end of the inclined slide rail, the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly remains unchanged, and the power generation stability is improved.

[0022] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 - 4 shown, a conical fairing 220 is also fixedly provided on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 for compressing air to increase the wind speed at the blade assembly 300.

[0023] In this embodiment, when a conical fairing 220 is also fixedly provided on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 ( Figure 2 different from Figure 1 in that Figure 1 the conical fairing 220 on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 in Figure 2 is removed, while the conical fairing 220 on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 in Figure 4), the areas of the blade assembly 300 other than the windward side belong to the wind recovery area (for details, please refer to Figure 4 ), so after the wind blows through the blade assembly 300, it passes through the wind compression area and the wind recovery area in sequence (for details, please refer to Figure 4 ), which can achieve the effect of compressing air, significantly increase the wind speed at the position of the blade assembly, and improve the overall power generation efficiency.

[0024] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 - 3 , on the two inclined slide rails where two blade structures are facing each other in the blade assembly 300, the two blade structures are connected by a steel cable (not shown). The first end of the steel cable is connected to a fixed pulley (not shown) provided on the top surface of one of the two inclined slide rails, and the non-end part of the steel cable is also connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail provided with the fixed pulley, and the second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail without the fixed pulley among the two inclined slide rails.

[0025] In this embodiment, as the first embodiment in the specific implementation of the blade assembly 300, in order to achieve symmetric passive control for the two blade structures on the two inclined slide rails where two blade structures are facing each other in the blade assembly 300, the two blade structures can be connected by the same steel cable. The first end of the steel cable is connected to one of the two inclined slide rails 211, such as taking Figure 3 the two inclined slide rails located at the leftmost and rightmost positions in the inclined slide rail structure 200 as an example. At this time, the first end of the steel cable is connected to the fixed pulley provided on the top surface of the inclined slide rail 211 located at the leftmost position. The non-end part of the steel cable is also connected to the blade structure 311 on the inclined slide rail provided with the fixed pulley (such as Figure 3 the inclined slide rail 211 located at the leftmost position in it), and more specifically, it is connected to the pulley structure at the top of the blade structure 311, and the second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure 311 on the inclined slide rail 211 located at the rightmost position of the inclined slide rail structure 200.

[0026] The above example only shows the steel cable connection situation of a group of facing blade structures in the blade assembly 300. The steel cable connection situations of other groups of blade structures in the blade assembly 300 also refer to the above example, which will not be elaborated here. When each group of facing blade structures in the blade assembly 300 is connected by a steel cable, since the total length of the steel cable remains unchanged, each group of facing blade structures will always maintain the same height under the drive of the steel cable, avoiding the situation that the heights of each group of facing blade structures are inconsistent, making each group of facing blade structures have the same moment of inertia, and ensuring the power generation efficiency and power generation stability.

[0027] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 - 5As shown, a controller 110 and a motor set 120 are further disposed inside the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine. A tachometer 130 and an anemometer 140 are further disposed on the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. The motor set 120, the tachometer 130, and the anemometer 140 are all connected to the controller 110. Among them, the total number of motors corresponding to the motor set 120 is the same as the total number of blades, and each motor in the motor set 120 is connected to one of the blade structures 311 in the plurality of blade structures, so as to adjust the position of the blade structure 311 on the corresponding inclined slide rail 211, thereby adjusting the horizontal distance between the blade structure 311 and the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine.

[0028] In this embodiment, as the second embodiment of the specific implementation of the blade assembly 300, in order to achieve active control for each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300, each blade structure 311 can be connected to only one of the motors in the motor set 120. Moreover, each motor can receive the control signal of the controller 110 to ensure that when the blade structure 311 corresponding to it is driven by the motor to move to the current stopping position on the corresponding inclined slide rail 211, the tip speed ratio determined by combining the current wind speed value measured by the anemometer 140 and the current rotation speed value measured by the tachometer 130 (referring to the current rotation speed value of the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine) is equal to the preset tip speed ratio. When each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 maintains the same tip speed ratio, a relatively high power generation efficiency can be maintained.

[0029] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 - 5 shown, when each motor in the motor set 120 is connected to one of the blade structures 311 in the plurality of blade structures, the motors are respectively connected to the corresponding blade structures 311 through a first connecting steel cable (not shown) and a second connecting steel cable (not shown). Among them, the first end of the first connecting steel cable is wound and connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the first connecting steel cable is connected to the blade structure 311. The first end of the second connecting steel cable is wound and connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the second connecting steel cable bypasses along the top surface of the corresponding inclined slide rail 211 and is connected to the blade structure 311 on the bottom surface of the inclined slide rail 211.

[0030] In this embodiment, when each motor in the motor group 120 is connected to one of the plurality of blade structures 311, the connection method used is the same. When each motor is connected to the corresponding blade structure 311 in the above manner, it should be noted that if the direction of winding the first end of the first connecting cable around the rotating shaft of the motor is denoted as the first direction, and the direction of winding the first end of the second connecting cable around the rotating shaft of the motor is denoted as the second direction, the two directions are opposite. That is, when the first direction is the clockwise winding direction, the second direction is the counterclockwise winding direction, or when the second direction is the clockwise winding direction, the first direction is the counterclockwise winding direction. Referring to the above manner, when the motor rotates in one direction, such as the clockwise direction, the length of the first connecting cable that is not wound around the rotating shaft can be made longer and the length of the second connecting cable that is not wound around the rotating shaft can be made shorter, so that the blade structure 311 can move along the inclined slide rail due to the pulling forces of the two connecting cables and its own pulley structure, and thus move farther away from the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine; when the motor rotates in one direction, such as the counterclockwise direction, the length of the first connecting cable that is not wound around the rotating shaft can be made shorter and the length of the second connecting cable that is not wound around the rotating shaft can be made longer, so that the blade structure 311 can move along the inclined slide rail due to the pulling forces of the two connecting cables and its own pulley structure, and thus move closer to the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine. Each blade structure in the blade assembly can be actively controlled by the motor, and the staying position on the inclined slide rail can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that its tip speed ratio is equal to the preset tip speed ratio. When each blade structure in the blade assembly maintains the same tip speed ratio, a higher power generation efficiency can be maintained.

[0031] The present invention also provides a control method for a vertical-axis wind turbine, as Figure 6 shown, the control method for the vertical-axis wind turbine is applied to the vertical-axis wind turbine in the foregoing embodiment that adopts the blade active control technology, and the control method for the vertical-axis wind turbine includes: S110. A tachometer obtains the current rotation speed value and sends it to the controller.

[0032] In this embodiment, in order to achieve active control of each blade structure in the blade assembly of the vertical-axis wind turbine, on the premise of referring to Figures 1 - 5 , the tachometer can obtain the current rotation speed value and send it to the controller, where the tachometer measures the current rotation speed value of the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, and the controller can jointly determine the tip speed ratio of the blade structure in combination with the current rotation speed value and other parameters.

[0033] S120. An anemometer obtains the current wind speed value and sends it to the controller.

[0034] In this embodiment, the current wind speed value can also be obtained by an anemometer and sent to the controller, and the controller can jointly determine the tip speed ratio of the blade structure in combination with the current wind speed value and other parameters. Among them, there is no clear sequence for the execution of step S110 and step S120 in specific implementation. They can be executed simultaneously for S110 and S120, or one can be executed first and the other later.

[0035] S130. Based on the current wind speed value, the current rotation speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy, the controller determines the current target staying position of each blade structure among the multiple blade structures of the vertical axis wind turbine on the corresponding inclined slide rail.

[0036] Among them, the blade position control strategy is used to enable the multiple blade structures to have a preset tip speed ratio at the staying positions on the corresponding inclined slide rails; the preset tip speed ratio is 2 to 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the controller obtains the current wind speed value and the current rotation speed value, taking the specific control of one blade structure as an example, it is the controller that determines its current target staying position on the corresponding inclined slide rail based on the current wind speed value, the current rotation speed value, and the blade position control strategy, so that the blade structure has a preset tip speed ratio (preferably, the preset tip speed ratio is 3) at the current target staying position. The control of other blade structures among the multiple blade structures by the controller also refers to the above process, which will not be elaborated here.

[0038] In one embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, step S130 includes: S131. For each blade structure among the multiple blade structures of the vertical axis wind turbine, input the current wind speed value and the current rotation speed value into the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy to obtain the current wind wheel radius between the blade structure and the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine; among them, the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy is the wind wheel radius of the blade structure = 30 × preset tip speed ratio × wind speed value / (π × rotation speed value); S132. Divide the current wind wheel radius by the sine value of the angle between the axis along the length direction of the inclined slide rail and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine to determine the current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail; among them, the first end of the inclined slide rail is the end where the inclined slide rail is connected to the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine; S133. Determine the current target staying position of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail from the current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the controller performs specific control on a blade structure, it first inputs the current wind speed value and the current rotational speed value into the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy, that is, the wind turbine radius of the blade structure = 30 × preset tip speed ratio × wind speed value / (π × rotational speed value), calculates the current wind turbine radius between the blade structure and the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, and directly uses this current wind turbine radius as the horizontal distance between the blade structure and the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine; then, divides the current wind turbine radius by the sine value of the angle between the axis along the length direction of the inclined slide rail and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine to obtain the current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail, that is, dividing the length of the right-angled side by the sine value of the angle opposite to this right-angled side can determine the length of the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle; finally, determines the current target position where the blade structure stays on the inclined slide rail with the current target distance, and the motor connected to the blade structure needs to rotate to drive the blade structure to move to this current target position.

[0040] Among them, in the vertical-axis wind turbine, the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine is in a stationary state and each blade structure in the blade assembly is located at the first end of the inclined slide rail is its initial state. When the wind blows through the vertical-axis wind turbine and drives the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine to rotate, the controller actively controls each blade structure based on the blade position control strategy to ensure that the blade structure has a preset tip speed ratio at the current target position where it stays. When each blade structure in the blade assembly maintains the same tip speed ratio, a higher power generation efficiency can be maintained.

[0041] Since the greater the horizontal distance of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the blade assembly from the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, the greater the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly, and the smaller the horizontal distance of each blade structure from the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, the smaller the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly. Therefore, when the moment of inertia of other structures except the blade assembly in the vertical-axis wind turbine remains unchanged, the change in the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly can also affect the overall moment of inertia of the vertical-axis wind turbine.

[0042] When the blade assembly is in the initial state when the vertical-axis wind turbine is stationary, once it is affected by the wind force, due to the relatively small overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly, it can start at a relatively low wind speed. As the wind speed increases, the blade assembly is affected by the centrifugal force during rotation, and each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the blade assembly gradually moves away from the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, and the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly increases, thereby increasing the overall moment of inertia of the vertical-axis wind turbine and improving the power generation efficiency and power generation stability.

[0043] S140. The controller controls the corresponding motor in the motor set to rotate to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current staying target position on the inclined slide rail according to the current staying target position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the controller knows the current staying target position and the current staying position of the blade structure on the corresponding inclined slide rail, it can specifically control the corresponding motor in the motor set to rotate to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current staying target position on the inclined slide rail.

[0045] In one embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, step S140 includes: S141. For the current staying target position and the current staying position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail, determine the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail; S142. Determine the current number of turns to be rotated and the current direction to be rotated of the corresponding motor shaft in the motor set according to the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved; S143. Control the motor to rotate correspondingly with the current number of turns to be rotated and the current direction to be rotated of the motor shaft to drive the blade structure to move to the current staying target position on the inclined slide rail.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the controller knows the current staying target position and the current staying position of the blade structure to be controlled by it on the corresponding inclined slide rail, it can determine the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail by combining which one of the current staying position and the current staying target position is farther from the first end of the inclined slide rail. For example, if the current staying position is farther from the first end of the inclined slide rail among the current staying position and the current staying target position, at this time, the controller needs to issue a control signal to drive the motor connected to the blade structure to rotate (specifically, it is necessary to determine the current number of turns to be rotated and the current direction to be rotated of its motor shaft), so that the motor drives the blade structure to move to the current staying target position on the inclined slide rail.

[0047] For example, if the average rotation speed of the motor during rotation is known, when the controller knows the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail, dividing the current distance to be moved by the average rotation speed of the motor during rotation can determine the current number of turns to be rotated of the motor shaft, and the motor rotates the current number of turns to be rotated of the motor shaft in the current direction to be rotated can enable the motor to drive the blade structure to move from the current staying position to the current staying target position on the inclined slide rail. It can be seen that through the above method, the precise position control of the motor and the blade structure is realized, so as to ensure that the blade structure has a preset tip speed ratio at the current staying target position.

[0048] In summary, the present invention provides a vertical-axis wind turbine and its control method, including: a vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly; a plurality of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure are uniformly arranged around the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, and the angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails in the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90°, the plurality of inclined slide rails raise the height in the radial direction, and the total number of slide rails corresponding to the plurality of inclined slide rails is an even number; the blade assembly includes a plurality of blade structures, the total number of blades corresponding to the plurality of blade structures is the same as the total number of slide rails, and the bottom surface of each inclined slide rail among the plurality of inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves along the inclined slide rail correspondingly when subjected to wind force to change the moment of inertia. The embodiment of the present invention can set an inclined slide rail on the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, so that the blade structure slidably connected to the inclined slide rail can move flexibly along it to change the moment of inertia, thereby reducing the starting wind speed of the wind turbine and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0049] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that, It includes a vertical main shaft of a wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly; in the inclined slide rail structure, a plurality of inclined slide rails are evenly arranged around the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. The angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails in the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90°. The plurality of inclined slide rails increase in height in the radial direction, and the total number of slide rails corresponding to the plurality of inclined slide rails is an even number; the blade assembly includes a plurality of blade structures. The total number of blades corresponding to the plurality of blade structures is the same as the total number of slide rails, and the bottom surface of each inclined slide rail in the plurality of inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves along the inclined slide rail accordingly when affected by wind force to change the moment of inertia.

2. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein, Each blade structure in the plurality of blade structures includes an inner blade and an outer blade; the inner blade is hinged to the outer blade through a hinge structure; the top end of the hinge structure or the outer blade is slidably connected to the corresponding inclined slide rail through a pulley structure.

3. The vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein A conical fairing is also fixedly arranged on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure for compressing air to increase the wind speed at the blade assembly.

4. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein, Two blade structures on two inclined slide rails that are directly opposite to each other in the blade assembly are connected by a steel cable. The first end of the steel cable is connected to a fixed pulley arranged on the top surface of one of the two inclined slide rails. The non-end part of the steel cable is also connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail provided with the fixed pulley, and the second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail without the fixed pulley among the two inclined slide rails.

5. The vertical axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, A controller and a motor group are also arranged inside the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. A tachometer and an anemometer are also arranged on the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. The motor group, the tachometer, and the anemometer are all connected to the controller; wherein, the total number of motors corresponding to the motor group is the same as the total number of blades, and each motor in the motor group is connected to one of the plurality of blade structures to adjust the position of the blade structure on the corresponding inclined slide rail so as to adjust the horizontal distance between the blade structure and the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine.

6. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that, When each motor in the motor group is connected to one of the plurality of blade structures, the motor is respectively connected to the corresponding blade structure through a first connecting steel cable and a second connecting steel cable; wherein, the first end of the first connecting steel cable is wound and connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the first connecting steel cable is connected to the blade structure; the first end of the second connecting steel cable is wound and connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the second connecting steel cable bypasses the top surface of the corresponding inclined slide rail and is connected to the blade structure on the bottom surface of the inclined slide rail.

7. A control method for a vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that, Applied to the vertical-axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 5-6, the method includes: The tachometer obtains the current rotational speed value and sends it to the controller; The anemometer obtains the current wind speed value and sends it to the controller; Based on the current wind speed value, the current rotation speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy, the controller determines the current target staying position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the vertical axis wind turbine on the corresponding inclined slide rail; wherein, the blade position control strategy is used to make the staying positions of the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rails have a preset tip speed ratio. Based on the current target staying position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail, the controller controls the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target staying position on the inclined slide rail.

8. The control method of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determining of the current target staying position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the vertical axis wind turbine on the corresponding inclined slide rail based on the current wind speed value, the current rotation speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy includes: For each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the vertical axis wind turbine, the current wind speed value and the current rotation speed value are input into the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy to obtain the current wind wheel radius between the blade structure and the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine; wherein, the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy is: the wind wheel radius of the blade structure = 30 × preset tip speed ratio × wind speed value / (π × rotation speed value). The current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail is determined by dividing the current wind wheel radius by the sine value of the angle between the axis of the inclined slide rail along the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine; wherein, the first end of the inclined slide rail is the end where the inclined slide rail is connected to the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. The current target staying position of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail is determined from the current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail.

9. The control method of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that The controlling of the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target staying position on the inclined slide rail based on the current target staying position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail includes: For the current target staying position and the current staying position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail, the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail are determined. Based on the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved, the current number of turns to be rotated and the current direction to be rotated of the corresponding motor shaft in the motor group are determined. The motor is controlled to rotate corresponding to the current number of turns to be rotated and the current direction to be rotated to drive the blade structure to move to the current target staying position on the inclined slide rail.

10. The control method of the vertical axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The preset tip speed ratio is 2 to 4.

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