Top-mounted ball valve applied to ultralow-temperature environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ball valves, and discloses a top-mounted ball valve applied to an ultralow-temperature environment, the top-mounted ball valve comprises a valve seat, a valve core and a valve rod, the valve core and the valve rod are rotatably arranged in the valve seat, the valve core is spherical, a channel hole for medium circulation is formed in the valve core, fixing rings are arranged on the two opposite inner walls of the valve seat, and the valve rod is arranged on the valve seat. The two sides, close to the fixing ring, of the valve element are provided with connecting protruding rings, the connecting protruding rings are arranged on the two sides of the channel hole, the connecting protruding rings extend into the fixing ring, the inner wall of the fixing ring and the side wall, close to the valve element, of the fixing ring are each provided with a wear-resisting layer, the valve element is rotationally connected with the wear-resisting layers, and an elastic mechanism is arranged on the valve seat. The elastic mechanism can enable the wear-resisting layer to abut against the valve element. The elastic mechanism comprises the elastic piece and the abutting assembly, so that the valve element can be fixed in the valve seat, the valve element and the sealing ring are not prone to shaking, and the effect of improving the sealing performance of the ball valve is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ball valves, and particularly to a top-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environments. Background Art

[0002] A ball valve is a valve that controls the on-off of fluid by rotating a sphere. Its core structure is a spherical closing member with a circular through-hole, which is driven by a valve stem to rotate 90° around the axis to achieve rapid opening and closing or flow direction switching.

[0003] In related technologies, an ultra-low temperature top-mounted ball valve is a valve dedicated to extreme low temperature working conditions. It includes a valve seat, a valve core and a valve stem rotatably arranged in the valve seat. The valve core is spherical, and a channel hole for the medium to flow through is provided on the valve core. A filter screen is arranged at the outlet of the channel hole. The filter screen is used to filter the dirt accumulated in the ball valve due to long-term use to ensure the purity of the medium flowing out of the ball valve. The valve stem and the sphere can be installed or disassembled from the top of the valve, without the need to remove the whole from the pipeline, and it is applicable to the opening and closing and flow control of cryogenic media such as liquid oxygen and liquefied natural gas transportation systems, and has strict requirements for the anti-freezing property and sealing property of the ball valve.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned ball valve transports ultra-low temperature media, due to long-term use, the low temperature media flowing through collides and wears the valve core and the valve seat, causing the valve core and the valve seat to become loose, so that the gap between the valve core and the valve seat becomes larger, resulting in the loosening of the sealing ring, and further resulting in the poor sealing property of the valve body. Therefore, it needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the sealing property of the ball valve, this application provides a top-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environments.

[0006] The top-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environments provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions: A top-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environments includes a valve seat, a valve core and a valve stem rotatably arranged in the valve seat. The valve core is spherical, and a channel hole for the medium to flow through is provided on the valve core. Fixed rings are provided on two opposite inner walls of the valve seat. Connecting convex rings are provided on both sides of the valve core close to the fixed rings. The connecting convex rings are arranged on both sides of the channel hole. The connecting convex rings extend into the fixed rings. Wear-resistant layers are provided on the inner wall of the fixed ring and on the side wall of the fixed ring close to the valve core. The valve core is rotatably connected to the wear-resistant layer. An elastic mechanism is provided on the valve seat, and the elastic mechanism can press the wear-resistant layer against the valve core.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when the valve core and the valve seat become loose, the elastic mechanism will push the fixing ring towards the valve core, so that the wear-resistant layer is closely attached to the valve core and the connecting convex ring, thereby limiting the valve core, making it difficult for the valve core to shake relative to the valve seat, not easy for the gap between the valve core and the valve seat to become larger, and not easy for the sealing ring to become loose, thus ensuring the sealing performance of the ball valve.

[0008] Optionally, the elastic mechanism includes an elastic member disposed between the fixing ring and the inner wall of the valve seat, and a pressing component disposed in the valve seat. The elastic member can push the fixing ring towards the valve core, and the pressing component can prevent the valve core from moving relative to the fixing ring.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the wear-resistant layer is damaged and thinned due to long-term use of the ball valve, the elastic member will push the fixing ring towards the valve core, so that the connecting convex rings at both upper and lower ends of the valve core are pressed tightly in the fixing ring, thereby limiting the valve core in the up and down directions. The pressing component can prevent the valve core from moving in the horizontal direction. Even if the wear-resistant layer on the inner wall of the fixing ring is damaged and thinned after long-term use of the ball valve, the pressing component can fix the valve core, making it difficult for the connecting convex ring to shake relative to the fixing ring in the horizontal direction, and further making it difficult for the valve core to move relative to the valve seat, further improving the sealing performance of the ball valve.

[0010] Optionally, the pressing component includes a limiting ring rotatably disposed in the valve seat, a plurality of sliding rods slidably disposed in the limiting ring, a plurality of triggering members disposed in the valve seat, and a plurality of locking members slidably disposed in the valve seat. The limiting ring is disposed between the fixing ring and the inner wall of the valve seat, the outer wall of the limiting ring abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat, a plurality of sliding grooves for the sliding rods to be slidably disposed therein are formed in the limiting ring, the sliding rods can slide in the sliding grooves towards or away from the valve core, the sliding rods are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the fixing ring, a plurality of limiting grooves for the sliding rods to extend into are formed in the valve core, the locking members can lock the sliding rods in the limiting grooves, a plurality of locking grooves for the locking members to extend into are formed in the limiting ring, the locking grooves communicate with the sliding grooves, the triggering members can drive the locking members to extend into the locking grooves, and a movable plate for starting the triggering members is provided on the fixing ring.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the elastic member is elastically fatigued due to long-term use, the elastic member will drive the fixing ring to shake relative to the valve core, thereby driving the movable plate to start the triggering member, and then the triggering member drives the locking member to extend into the locking groove, so that the locking member locks the sliding rod in the limiting groove, so that the sliding rod abuts against the groove walls of the limiting groove and the sliding groove, and presses the valve core from all directions in the circumferential direction of the valve core, so that it is difficult for the valve core to shake in the valve seat, improving the stability and sealing performance of the ball valve, and providing a secondary guarantee for the stability and sealing performance of the ball valve.

[0012] Optionally, a guiding inclined surface is provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the valve core. The guiding inclined surface inclines along the direction from the limiting ring towards the valve core. The locking member includes a locking rod slidably arranged in the valve seat. An elastic block is slidably arranged on the groove wall of the locking groove. A guiding inclined surface is provided on the elastic block. The guiding inclined surface inclines along the locking groove towards the sliding groove. A receiving groove for receiving the elastic block is formed on the groove wall of the locking groove. A locking spring is arranged in the receiving groove. The locking spring has a tendency to drive the elastic block to extend out of the receiving groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the locking rod extends into the locking groove under the action of the triggering member, the guiding inclined surface of the elastic block will abut against the locking rod, so that the locking rod pushes the elastic block into the receiving groove, and at the same time, the locking spring is compressed. When the end of the locking rod away from the limiting ring slides to the side of the elastic block close to the valve core, the elastic block will move out of the receiving groove under the action of the locking spring. Thus, the elastic block abuts against the side of the locking rod away from the valve core. The elastic block can prevent the locking rod from moving out of the locking groove, so that the locking rod will abut against the guiding inclined surface of the sliding rod, so that the sliding rod enters the limiting groove and is limited in the limiting groove. At this time, the valve core is tightly pressed by each sliding rod in the valve seat, making it difficult for the valve core to shake randomly.

[0014] Optionally, the triggering member includes a rotating shaft arranged in the valve seat, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, a fixed torsion spring sleeved on the rotating shaft, a triggering spring arranged at the end of the locking rod away from the limiting ring, and a triggering block arranged on the side of the locking rod close to the rotating rod. The triggering spring has a tendency to drive the locking rod to move towards the locking groove. One end of the rotating rod is arranged on the side of the movable plate away from the valve core, and the other end is arranged on the side of the triggering block close to the limiting ring.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the elastic member generates elastic fatigue, the elastic member will drive the fixed ring to move in the valve seat towards or away from the valve core, so that the fixed ring drives the movable plate to move towards or away from the rotating rod, so that one end of the rotating rod rotates towards the side away from the triggering block, so that the rotating rod no longer limits the triggering block, so that the triggering spring drives the locking rod to extend into the locking groove, so as to fix the sliding rod in the limiting groove, so as to fix the valve core.

[0016] The fixed torsion spring can fix the direction of the rotating rod, so that one end of the rotating rod is fixed on the side of the movable plate away from the valve core, and the other end is located on the side of the triggering block close to the limiting ring. Until the elastic member generates elastic fatigue and drives the fixed ring to move, the movable plate will drive the rotating rod to rotate, so that the sliding rod limits the valve core. When the elastic member does not generate elastic fatigue, the triggering spring will not deform, which is beneficial to maintaining the elasticity of the triggering spring for use when needed.

[0017] Optionally, wear-resistant layers are provided on one side of the limiting rings close to the inner wall of the valve seat.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sliding rod extends into the limiting groove, when the valve stem rotates, both the sliding rod and the limiting ring will rotate along with the valve core. The wear-resistant layer provided on the limiting ring can protect the limiting ring from being easily worn and extend the service life of the limiting ring.

[0019] Optionally, a shock-absorbing layer is provided at one end of the sliding rod close to the valve core.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding rod extends into the limiting groove, the shock-absorbing layer abuts between the sliding rod and the groove wall of the limiting groove. The shock-absorbing layer can buffer the vibration generated during the operation of the ball valve, making the valve core less likely to shake, thereby making the operation stability of the ball valve higher. At the same time, it is beneficial to protect the sliding rod from being easily damaged during use.

[0021] Optionally, a water inlet hole for the medium to flow in and a water outlet hole for the medium to flow out are formed in the valve seat. The water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are both communicated with the channel hole. A heating component is provided in the valve seat. The heating component includes a heating switch provided on the hole wall of the water outlet hole, a floating plate provided on the hole wall of the water outlet hole, and a heating wire provided inside the inner wall of the valve seat and electrically connected to the heating switch. One end of the floating plate is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the water outlet hole, and the other end can contact the heating switch. A return torsion spring is provided on the rotating shaft of the floating plate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when a cryogenic medium flows through the ball valve, the medium will exert pressure on the floating plate, causing the floating plate to rotate to a position where it abuts against the heating switch, thereby turning on the heating switch. As a result, the heating wire is turned on and heats the air inside the ball valve, so that the moisture in the air of the ball valve is not easily frozen into ice, and it is not easy to hinder the rotation of the valve stem and the valve core in the valve seat, making the opening and closing of the ball valve smoother. When no medium flows through the ball valve, the floating plate no longer receives the pressure of the medium. Therefore, the floating plate will rotate and reset under the action of the return torsion spring, so that the floating plate no longer abuts against the heating switch, thereby turning off the heating switch and making the heating wire no longer heat the air inside the valve seat, achieving automatic disconnection of the heating wire, improving safety and saving energy consumption.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By providing an elastic member inside the valve seat, even if the valve core and the valve seat become loose after long-term use of the ball valve, the elastic member can fix the valve core, improving the sealing performance of the ball valve; 2. By providing a sliding rod, a locking member, etc. inside the valve seat, even if the elastic member generates elastic fatigue after long-term use, the sliding rod can abut tightly between the limiting ring and the valve core, making the connection stability between the valve core and the valve seat high; 3. A heating component is provided in the valve seat to reduce the risk that moisture in the air between the valve core and the valve seat freezes when the medium flows through the ball valve, resulting in the inability to rotate the valve stem and the valve core. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is the schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 It is the schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram for showing the reset torsion spring in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 It is the schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram for showing the heating wire in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of part A in

[0029] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1. Valve seat; 11. Water inlet hole; 12. Water outlet hole; 13. Installation groove; 14. Fixing groove; 15. Fixing ring; 151. Rotating part; 152. Installation part; 153. Wear-resistant layer; 154. Movable plate; 2. Valve core; 21. Channel hole; 22. Connecting convex ring; 23. Limiting groove; 3. Valve stem; 4. Valve cavity; 5. Heating component; 51. Heating switch; 52. Floating plate; 53. Heating wire; 54. Reset torsion spring; 6. Elastic mechanism; 61. Elastic member; 611. Connecting spring; 7. Tightening component; 71. Limiting ring; 711. Sliding groove; 712. Locking groove; 713. Wear-resistant layer; 72. Sliding rod; 721. Shock-absorbing layer; 722. Guiding inclined surface; 73. Triggering member; 731. Rotating shaft; 732. Rotating rod; 733. Fixed torsion spring; 734. Triggering spring; 735. Triggering block; 74. Locking member; 741. Locking rod; 8. Accommodating groove; 81. Elastic block; 82. Guiding inclined surface; 83. Locking spring. Detailed Embodiment

[0030] The following will further describe the present application in detail Figures 1-5 with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses an upper-mounted ball valve applied to an ultra-low temperature environment.

[0032] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, A top-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environment includes a valve seat 1, a valve core 2 rotatably arranged in the valve seat 1, and a valve stem 3. Wherein, a valve cavity 4 for rotatably arranging the valve core 2 is provided in the valve seat 1. The valve core 2 is spherical and located in the valve cavity 4. A channel hole 21 for the medium to flow through is provided on the valve core 2. And an inlet hole 11 for the medium to flow in and an outlet hole 12 for the medium to flow out are provided on the valve seat 1. When the ball valve is opened, both the inlet hole 11 and the outlet hole 12 are communicated with the channel hole 21.

[0033] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , In order to reduce the risk that the moisture in the air in the valve cavity 4 freezes when the ultra-low temperature medium flows through the ball valve, resulting in the valve core 2 being unable to rotate relative to the valve seat 1, a heating component 5 is provided in the valve seat 1. The heating component 5 includes a heating switch 51 arranged on the hole wall of the outlet hole 12, a floating plate 52 arranged on the hole wall of the outlet hole 12, and a heating wire 53 arranged inside the inner wall of the valve seat 1. Wherein, the heating wire 53 is electrically connected to the heating switch 51. One end of the floating plate 52 is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the outlet hole 12. A return torsion spring 54 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the floating plate 52. The return torsion spring 54 is used to fix the floating plate 52 at a position where it does not abut against the heating switch 51.

[0034] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Through the above settings, when the floating plate 52 rotates under the pressure of the medium flow, the other end of the floating plate 52 can abut against the heating switch 51, thereby turning on the heating switch 51 and the heating wire 53 to heat the air in the valve cavity 4, so that the air is not easily frozen, and thus it is not easy to affect the opening and closing of the ball valve.

[0035] Refer to Figure 2 , Installation grooves 13 are provided on two opposite inner walls of the valve seat 1. The installation grooves 13 are provided on both sides of the channel hole 21. A fixing groove 14 is provided on the groove wall of the installation groove 13 far away from the valve core 2. Fixing rings 15 are provided in both installation grooves 13. Connecting convex rings 22 are provided on both sides of the valve core 2 close to the fixing rings 15. The connecting convex rings 22 are arranged on both sides of the channel hole 21 and extend into the fixing rings 15. The connecting convex rings 22 are rotatably arranged in the fixing rings 15.

[0036] Refer to Figure 2 , The fixing ring 15 includes a rotating part 151 for the convex ring to rotate in, and an installation part 152 extending into the installation groove 13. The installation part 152 is cylindrical. Wear-resistant layers 153 are provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring 15 and on the side wall of the fixing ring 15 close to the valve core 2. The valve core 2 is rotatably connected to the wear-resistant layer 153.

[0037] Refer to Figure 2An elastic mechanism 6 is provided on the valve seat 1, and the elastic mechanism 6 includes an elastic member 61 arranged between the side wall of the fixing ring 15 away from the valve core 2 and the groove wall of the fixing groove 14 away from the valve core 2. The elastic member 61 in this embodiment is preferably a connecting spring 611. In other cases, the specific type of elastic member 61 can be selected according to customer needs, such as a disc spring or a leaf spring. Any elastic member 61 that can press the fixing ring 15 against the valve core 2 can be used.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 Through the above arrangement, when the ball valve just starts to work and the wear-resistant layer 153 has not been worn and thinned, the valve core 2 and the valve seat 1 have not been loosened, and the side wall of the fixing ring 15 away from the valve core 2 will abut against the groove wall of the installation groove 13, so that the valve core 2 is not easy to move relative to the valve seat 1, and the connecting spring 611 is always in a compressed state and will not deform. Only when the wear-resistant layer 153 of the ball valve becomes thinner after long-term use, the connecting spring 611 will deform and press against the fixing ring 15 in the direction close to the valve core 2, which is conducive to ensuring the elastic effect of the connecting spring 611. When the connecting spring 611 is elastically fatigued, the groove wall of the installation groove 13 can also prevent the fixing ring 15 from moving away from the valve core 2, so that the shaking of the valve core 2 is not easy to be too violent.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 In order to fix the valve core 2 when elastic fatigue occurs to the elastic member 61 after long-term use, so as to ensure the sealing and stability of the ball valve, the elastic mechanism 6 also includes a tightening assembly 7 arranged in the valve seat 1. The tightening assembly 7 includes a limit ring 71 rotatably arranged in the valve seat 1, a plurality of sliding rods 72 slidably arranged in the limit ring 71, a plurality of trigger members 73 arranged in the valve seat 1, and a plurality of locking members 74 slidably arranged in the valve seat 1, wherein two limit rings 71 are arranged in the valve seat 1, and the two limit rings 71 are relatively arranged on both sides of the valve core 2 where the channel hole 21 is not opened. The number of the above-mentioned sliding rods 72, trigger members 73 and locking members 74 is equal and corresponds to each other.

[0040] Reference Figure 5, a limiting ring 71 is arranged between the fixed ring 15 and the inner wall of the valve seat 1, and the outer wall of the limiting ring 71 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat 1. A plurality of sliding grooves 711 for the sliding rod 72 to slide therein are formed in the limiting ring 71. The sliding rod 72 can slide in the sliding grooves 711 in a direction close to or away from the valve core 2. The sliding rod 72 and the sliding grooves 711 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixed ring 15. A plurality of limiting grooves 23 for the sliding rod 72 to extend into are formed in the valve core 2. After the sliding rod 72 extends into the limiting groove 23, one end of the sliding rod 72 close to the valve core 2 abuts against the groove wall of the limiting groove 23, and the other end is abutted in the sliding groove 711. A shock-absorbing layer 721 is arranged at one end of the sliding rod 72 close to the valve core 2 to buffer the vibration generated by the valve core 2 on the sliding rod 72.

[0041] Refer to Figure 5 , a plurality of locking grooves 712 for the locking member 74 to extend into are formed in the limiting ring 71. The locking grooves 712 communicate with the sliding grooves 711. The triggering member 73 can drive the locking member 74 to extend into the locking grooves 712. A receiving groove 8 is formed in the groove wall of the locking groove 712. An elastic block 81 is slidably arranged in the receiving groove 8. A guiding inclined surface 82 is arranged on the elastic block 81. The guiding inclined surface 82 inclines along the locking groove 712 towards the sliding groove 711. A locking spring 83 is further arranged in the receiving groove 8. The locking spring 83 has a tendency to drive the elastic block 81 to extend out of the receiving groove 8.

[0042] Refer to Figure 5 , the locking member 74 includes a locking rod 741 slidably arranged in the valve seat 1. A guiding inclined surface 722 is arranged at one end of the sliding rod 72 away from the valve core 2. The guiding inclined surface 722 inclines along the limiting ring 71 towards the valve core 2. When the locking rod 741 enters the locking groove 712 under the action of the triggering member 73, the locking rod 741 will abut against the guiding inclined surface 722 of the sliding rod 72, thereby pushing the sliding rod 72 into the limiting groove 23. At this time, the elastic block 81 extends out of the receiving groove 8 to limit the locking rod 741, thereby pressing the sliding rod 72 against the groove wall of the limiting groove 23 to fix the valve core 2.

[0043] Refer to Figure 5 , wear-resistant layers 713 are arranged on one side of the limiting ring 71 close to the inner wall of the valve seat 1, so that when the valve rod 3 drives the valve core 2 and the limiting ring 71 to rotate together after the sliding rod 72 enters the limiting groove 23, the limiting ring 71 is not easily worn.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5, the trigger member 73 includes a rotating shaft 731 disposed in the valve seat 1, a rotating rod 732 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 731, a fixed torsion spring 733 sleeved on the rotating shaft 731, a trigger spring 734 disposed at one end of the locking rod 741 away from the limiting ring 71, and a trigger block 735 disposed on one side of the locking rod 741 close to the rotating rod 732. Among them, the trigger spring 734 has a tendency to drive the locking rod 741 into the locking groove 712, and a movable plate 154 for rotating the rotating rod 732 is provided on the fixed ring 15.

[0045] Referring to Figure 5 , the fixed torsion spring 733 can fix one end of the rotating rod 732 on the side of the movable plate 154 away from the valve core 2 and the other end on the side of the trigger block 735 close to the limiting ring 71. Thus, when the movable plate 154 does not shake, the rotating rod 732 can limit the trigger block 735 and the locking rod 741, so that the locking rod 741 will not enter the locking groove 712.

[0046] Referring to Figure 5 , through the above settings, when the connecting spring 611 generates elastic fatigue, the connecting spring 611 cannot tightly press the fixed ring 15 against the valve core 2. Therefore, the fixed ring 15 will shake in the valve seat 1 close to or away from the valve core 2, thereby driving the movable plate 154 to shake, so that the rotating rod 732 rotates in a direction away from the trigger block 735, causing the trigger spring 734 to push the locking rod 741 into the locking groove 712, thereby tightly pressing the sliding rod 72 in the limiting groove 23.

[0047] The implementation principle of an upper-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environment in an embodiment of the present application is: when the ball valve wears due to long-term use, the connecting spring 611 will tightly press the fixed ring 15 against the valve core 2, so that the wear-resistant layer 153 remains in close contact with the valve core 2, making the valve core 2 not easy to shake, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the ball valve.

[0048] When the connecting spring 611 generates elastic fatigue, the valve core 2 will drive the fixed ring 15 to shake in the valve seat 1, thereby successively driving the movable plate 154, the rotating rod 732, the locking rod 741 and the sliding rod 72 to act, so that the sliding rod 72 tightly presses the valve core 2 in the valve seat 1, making the valve core 2 not easy to shake randomly, so that the gap between the valve core 2 and the valve seat 1 is not easy to become larger, and the sealing ring is tightly abutted between the valve core 2 and the valve seat 1, further improving the sealing performance and stability of the ball valve.

[0049] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited by this. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An upper-mounted ball valve applied to an ultra-low temperature environment, comprising a valve seat (1), a valve core (2) rotatably arranged in the valve seat (1), and a valve rod (3). The valve core (2) is spherical, and a passage hole (21) for the medium to flow through is formed in the valve core (2), characterized in that: On two inner walls opposite to the valve seat (1), there are fixed rings (15). On two sides of the valve core (2) close to the fixed rings (15), there are connecting convex rings (22). The connecting convex rings (22) are arranged on two sides of the channel hole (21). The connecting convex rings (22) extend into the fixed rings (15). On the inner wall of the fixed rings (15) and on the side wall of the fixed rings (15) close to the valve core (2), there are wear-resistant layers (153). The valve core (2) is rotatably connected to the wear-resistant layers (153). On the valve seat (1), there is an elastic mechanism (6), and the elastic mechanism (6) can press the wear-resistant layer (153) tightly against the valve core (2).

2. The top-mounted ball valve applied to cryogenic environment according to claim 1, wherein: The elastic mechanism (6) includes an elastic member (61) arranged between the fixed ring (15) and the inner wall of the valve seat (1), and a pressing component (7) arranged in the valve seat (1). The elastic member (61) can push the fixed ring (15) towards the direction close to the valve core (2), and the pressing component (7) can prevent the valve core (2) from moving relative to the fixed ring (15).

3. The top-mounted ball valve applied to an ultra-low temperature environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing component (7) includes a limiting ring (71) rotatably arranged in the valve seat (1), several sliding rods (72) slidably arranged in the limiting ring (71), several trigger members (73) arranged in the valve seat (1), and several locking members (74) slidably arranged in the valve seat (1). The limiting ring (71) is arranged between the fixed ring (15) and the inner wall of the valve seat (1). The outer wall of the limiting ring (71) abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat (1). In the limiting ring (71), there are several sliding grooves (711) for the sliding rods (72) to be slidably arranged therein. The sliding rods (72) can slide in the sliding grooves (711) towards the direction close to or away from the valve core (2). The sliding rods (72) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed ring (15). On the valve core (2), there are several limiting grooves (23) for the sliding rods (72) to extend into. The locking members (74) can lock the sliding rods (72) in the limiting grooves (23). On the limiting ring (71), there are several locking grooves (712) for the locking members (74) to extend into. The locking grooves (712) communicate with the sliding grooves (711). The trigger members (73) can drive the locking members (74) to extend into the locking grooves (712). On the fixed ring (15), there is a movable plate (154) for starting the trigger members (73).

4. The top-mounted ball valve applied to cryogenic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the sliding rod (72) away from the valve core (2) is provided with a guiding inclined surface (722). The guiding inclined surface (722) inclines along the direction from the limiting ring (71) to the valve core (2). The locking member (74) includes a locking rod (741) slidably arranged in the valve seat (1). An elastic block (81) is slidably arranged on the groove wall of the locking groove (712). A guiding inclined surface (82) is provided on the elastic block (81). The guiding inclined surface (82) inclines along the locking groove (712) to the direction of the sliding groove (711). A receiving groove (8) for receiving the elastic block (81) is formed on the groove wall of the locking groove (712). A locking spring (83) is arranged in the receiving groove (8). The locking spring (83) has a tendency to drive the elastic block (81) to extend out of the receiving groove (8).

5. The top-mounted ball valve applied to cryogenic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The triggering member (73) includes a rotating shaft (731) arranged in the valve seat (1), a rotating rod (732) rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (731), a fixed torsion spring (733) sleeved on the rotating shaft (731), a triggering spring (734) arranged at one end of the locking rod (741) away from the limiting ring (71), and a triggering block (735) arranged on one side of the locking rod (741) close to the rotating rod (732). The triggering spring (734) has a tendency to drive the locking rod (741) to extend into the locking groove (712). One end of the rotating rod (732) is arranged on the side of the movable plate (154) away from the valve core (2), and the other end is arranged on the side of the triggering block (735) close to the limiting ring (71).

6. The top-mounted ball valve applied to cryogenic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Wear-resistant layers (713) are provided on one side of the limiting ring (71) close to the inner wall of the valve seat (1).

7. The top-mounted ball valve applied to cryogenic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the sliding rod (72) close to the valve core (2) is provided with a shock-absorbing layer (721).

8. The top-mounted ball valve applied to ultra-low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat (1) is provided with a water inlet hole (11) for the medium to flow in and a water outlet hole (12) for the medium to flow out. The water inlet hole (11) and the water outlet hole (12) are both communicated with the channel hole (21). A heating assembly (5) is arranged in the valve seat (1). The heating assembly (5) includes a heating switch (51) arranged on the hole wall of the water outlet hole (12), a floating plate (52) arranged on the hole wall of the water outlet hole (12), and a heating wire (53) arranged inside the inner wall of the valve seat (1) and electrically connected to the heating switch (51). One end of the floating plate (52) is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the water outlet hole (12), and the other end can contact the heating switch (51). A return torsion spring (54) is arranged on the rotating shaft of the floating plate (52).

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