Pneumatic control valve

Abstract

The invention relates to a pneumatic control valve which is provided with a liquid level positive pressure cavity, a liquid level normal pressure cavity, a liquid level negative pressure cavity, a starting cavity, a starting normal pressure cavity, a starting negative pressure cavity, an atmosphere cavity, a negative pressure execution cavity and a negative pressure source cavity which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom. The liquid level positive pressure cavity and the liquid level normal pressure cavity are separated through a liquid level diaphragm, a first valve sealing pair is arranged between the liquid level negative pressure cavity and the starting cavity, the starting negative pressure cavity is connected with the starting cavity, the starting push rod is mainly driven by the first starting diaphragm, the negative pressure executing cavity is provided with a negative pressure executing mechanism connector, and the negative pressure source cavity is provided with a negative pressure air source connector. A second valve sealing pair is arranged between the large air cavity and the negative pressure execution cavity, and a third valve sealing pair is arranged between the negative pressure execution cavity and the negative pressure source cavity. The device adopts liquid level / air pressure for control, has a pressure comparison function and a delay timing function, adapts to outdoor humid environment conditions, and is mainly applicable to occasions such as a negative pressure sewage conveying system and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pneumatically controlled valve, belonging to the technical field of automatic control, and can be mainly used for the automatic control of a sewage negative pressure conveying system. Background Art

[0002] A sewage negative pressure conveying system is provided with a water collector and a negative pressure conveying pipeline. One end of the negative pressure conveying pipeline is connected to the water collector, and the other end is connected to a negative pressure tank. Usually, gravity flow or other methods can be used to collect the source sewage into the water collector. When the water level in the water collector rises to a certain level, the valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline is opened through a control device, and the sewage in the water collector is pumped into the negative pressure tank by relying on the negative pressure of the negative pressure tank. When the water level in the water collector drops to a certain limit, the valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline is closed through the control device. Most of the existing control devices adopt electronic equipment. A liquid level sensor is provided on the water collector, and the liquid level sensor transmits the liquid level signal to the control device in the form of an electrical signal. The control device analyzes and processes the electrical signal, and when the corresponding conditions are met, a control signal is sent to the valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline to control the valve action. The valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline can be an electric valve or a negative pressure valve. When a negative pressure valve is adopted, the control device opens the control valve on the negative pressure control pipeline of the negative pressure valve through an electric control method, and connects the negative pressure to the control end of the negative pressure valve through the negative pressure control pipeline, thereby controlling the action of the negative pressure valve. This electric control method is effective and feasible under certain conditions, but there are certain limitations. For example, the water collector and the negative pressure conveying pipeline are mostly in a humid environment, which is not conducive to the safety of electricity use and the protection of electronic equipment. In addition, especially in the case where the sewage sources are scattered, it is necessary to lay circuits or power supplies over a long distance or a large area, and the workload of construction and maintenance is large, and the reliability of the system operation is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to adopt liquid level / pressure for control to avoid the troubles brought by electrical and electronic equipment.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an air-controlled valve is provided with a liquid level positive pressure chamber, a liquid level normal pressure chamber, a liquid level negative pressure chamber, a starting chamber, a starting normal pressure chamber, a starting negative pressure chamber, an atmosphere chamber, a negative pressure execution chamber, and a negative pressure source chamber which are distributed vertically in sequence. The liquid level positive pressure chamber is provided with (for example, installed with) a liquid level interface for connecting a liquid level induction tube to access the air pressure (gas with corresponding pressure) positively related to the liquid level. The liquid level normal pressure chamber is provided with (for example, provided with or installed with) an atmosphere interface for communicating with the atmosphere. The liquid level negative pressure chamber is connected to the negative pressure source chamber through a negative pressure channel (an internal or external connection hole / pipe can be adopted). The liquid level positive pressure chamber and the liquid level normal pressure chamber are separated by a liquid level diaphragm. A first valve seal pair composed of a liquid level valve core and a first annular seal (a seal pair capable of opening and closing) is provided between the liquid level negative pressure chamber and the starting chamber. When the liquid level valve core is at a high position, the first valve seal pair is closed. When the liquid level valve core is at a low position, the first valve seal pair is opened. The upper part of the liquid level valve core is fixedly connected to the central part of the liquid level diaphragm and is driven (driven along) by the liquid level diaphragm. The starting normal pressure chamber is provided with (for example, provided with or installed with) an atmosphere interface for communicating with the atmosphere. The starting negative pressure chamber is connected to the starting chamber through a starting channel (an internal or external connection hole / pipe can be adopted). The starting normal pressure chamber and the starting negative pressure chamber are separated by a first starting diaphragm. A second starting diaphragm is provided between the starting negative pressure chamber and the atmosphere chamber for separating the starting negative pressure chamber and the atmosphere chamber at corresponding positions. The upper part of the starting push rod is fixedly connected to the central part of the first starting diaphragm and is driven (driven along) by the first starting diaphragm. The lower part of the starting push rod passes through the second starting diaphragm and is fixedly connected to the second starting diaphragm. The atmosphere chamber is provided with (for example, provided with or installed with) an atmosphere interface for communicating with the atmosphere. The negative pressure execution chamber is provided with (for example, installed with) a negative pressure execution mechanism interface for connecting a negative pressure execution mechanism (the negative pressure control end of the negative pressure execution mechanism). The negative pressure source chamber is provided with (for example, installed with) a negative pressure gas source interface for connecting a negative pressure gas source. A second valve seal pair composed of a negative pressure execution valve core and a second annular seal is provided between the atmosphere chamber and the negative pressure execution chamber. A third valve seal pair composed of the negative pressure execution valve core and a third annular seal is provided between the negative pressure execution chamber and the negative pressure source chamber. The top end of the negative pressure execution valve core is in contact with (contacts with each other) the bottom end of the starting push rod and is driven (pushed) by the starting push rod. When the negative pressure execution valve core is at a high position, the second valve seal pair is opened and the third valve seal pair is closed. When the negative pressure execution valve core is at a low position, the second valve seal pair is closed and the third valve seal pair is opened.

[0005] Preferably, a liquid level valve core seal is provided on the separating structure (the structure for separating the two chambers) between the liquid level normal pressure chamber and the liquid level negative pressure chamber. The liquid level valve core passes through the central through hole of the liquid level valve core seal, and the central through hole of the liquid level valve core seal closely adheres to / grips tightly on the liquid level valve core, thereby realizing the penetration and sealing of the liquid level valve core between the liquid level normal pressure chamber and the liquid level negative pressure chamber.

[0006] Further, the first annular seal is fixedly installed on the partition structure between the liquid level negative pressure chamber and the starting chamber, and its central through hole forms a medium channel between the liquid level negative pressure chamber and the starting chamber; the second annular seal is fixedly installed on the partition structure between the atmosphere chamber and the negative pressure execution chamber, and its central through hole forms a medium channel between the atmosphere chamber and the negative pressure execution chamber; the third annular seal is fixedly installed on the partition structure between the negative pressure execution chamber and the negative pressure source chamber, and its central through hole forms a medium channel between the negative pressure execution chamber and the negative pressure source chamber.

[0007] Further, the liquid level valve core is arranged vertically and passes through the central through hole of the first annular seal; the starting push rod is arranged vertically and passes through the central parts of the first starting diaphragm and the second diaphragm, and its lower end is connected to the top end of the negative pressure execution valve core; the negative pressure execution valve core is arranged vertically and passes through the central through holes of the second annular seal and the third annular seal.

[0008] Further, the liquid level valve core is provided with a first spring serving as its return spring, the starting push rod is provided with a second spring serving as its return spring, and the negative pressure execution valve core is provided with a third spring serving as its return spring. The first spring is preferably located in the liquid level normal pressure chamber, the second spring is preferably located in the starting negative pressure chamber, and the third spring is preferably located in the atmosphere chamber.

[0009] Further, the first spring, the second spring and the third spring can all adopt pre-compressed helical springs or other suitable springs, and apply upward thrusts to the liquid level valve core, the starting push rod and the negative pressure execution valve core respectively. The initial positions of the liquid level valve core, the starting push rod and the negative pressure execution valve core are their respective high positions (the positions at the higher part during the working stroke), and this state is the negative pressure closed state of the pneumatically controlled valve, which can be regarded as the normal state; correspondingly, in the negative pressure open state of the pneumatically controlled valve, the positions of the liquid level valve core, the starting push rod and the negative pressure execution valve core are their respective low positions (the positions at the lower part during the working stroke).

[0010] Further, the liquid level valve core and the negative pressure execution valve core can be set as non-equal-diameter cylinders (cylinders with annular convex and concave structures / step structures on the circumferential surface) according to the opening and closing requirements of relevant valve sealing pairs, so as to achieve the required sealing or non-sealing (opening) between the first annular seal, the second annular seal and the third annular seal at each set position (high position or low position).

[0011] Each annular seal is provided with a central through hole, and the liquid level valve core and the negative pressure actuating valve core respectively pass through the central through holes of their corresponding annular seals. When the outer diameter of the valve core (liquid level valve core or negative pressure actuating valve core) located in the central through hole of any seal is smaller than the inner diameter of the central through hole (inner diameter in the free state), there is a gap between the two, allowing fluid (e.g., air) to pass through, and the corresponding valve seal pair is in the open state; when the outer diameter of the valve core located in any central through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the central through hole, the inner wall of the central through hole closely adheres to (is tightly fitted around) the valve core, there is no gap between the two, and fluid (e.g., air) is not allowed to pass through, and the corresponding valve seal pair is in the closed state. Therefore, the outer diameters of the liquid level valve core and the negative pressure actuating valve core at relevant positions (the positions where they respectively achieve sealing or opening with the relevant annular seals during the working stroke) can be appropriately set to ensure that when the liquid level valve core and the negative pressure actuating valve core are at specific positions (high or low), the relevant valve seal pairs are in the proper open or closed state. It is also necessary to avoid the outer diameter of the valve core being too large, so as to avoid the excessive force / resistance of the annular seal on the valve core from hindering the operation of the valve core while ensuring sealing. The liquid level valve core seal has the same or similar structure as the annular seal. The area where the liquid level valve core contacts the central through hole of the liquid level valve core seal during the working stroke is of equal diameter, and the liquid level valve core seal always maintains the seal with the liquid level valve core.

[0012] The liquid level valve core moves vertically with the vertical movement of the liquid level diaphragm (the part of the liquid level diaphragm connected to the liquid level valve core). The liquid level diaphragm will deform due to the pressure difference on both sides (and other external forces), with the middle part moving downward, thereby driving the liquid level valve core to move downward from the high position to the low position, realizing the state switching of the first valve seal pair.

[0013] The starting push rod moves vertically with the vertical movement of the first starting diaphragm (the part of the first starting diaphragm connected to the negative pressure actuating valve core). The first starting diaphragm will deform due to the pressure difference on both sides (and other external forces), with the middle part moving downward, thereby driving the starting push rod to move downward from the high position to the low position. The starting push rod pushes the negative pressure actuating valve core to move downward from the high position to the low position, realizing the state switching of the second valve seal pair and the third valve seal pair.

[0014] The above structure can be integrally set as a liquid level trigger module, a negative pressure detection, starting and throttling timing module, and a negative pressure execution module. Among them, the liquid level positive pressure chamber, the liquid level atmospheric pressure chamber, the liquid level negative pressure chamber, and the starting chamber are integrated into the liquid level trigger module, the starting atmospheric pressure chamber and the starting negative pressure chamber are integrated into the negative pressure detection, starting and throttling timing module, and the atmosphere chamber, the negative pressure execution chamber, and the negative pressure source chamber are integrated into the negative pressure execution module.

[0015] Preferably, the starting negative pressure chamber is provided with a throttling timing device.

[0016] Preferably, the throttling timing device adopts a throttling regulating valve (a throttle valve capable of regulating resistance) fixedly installed on the side wall of the starting negative pressure chamber. The inner end of the throttling regulating valve communicates with the starting negative pressure chamber, and the outer end communicates with the atmosphere. When the air pressure in the starting negative pressure chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure, air enters the starting negative pressure chamber through the throttling regulating valve, so that the pressure in the starting negative pressure chamber returns to the normal pressure or a level close to the normal pressure.

[0017] Preferably, the throttling regulating valve is provided with a timing adjustment knob for resistance adjustment.

[0018] For example, a suitable position on the side wall of the starting negative pressure chamber can be used as the valve body of the throttling regulating valve to open the medium passage of the throttling regulating valve, or the valve body of an independent throttling regulating valve provided with a medium passage can be hermetically installed on the side wall of the starting negative pressure chamber. The cylindrical timing adjustment knob is threadedly connected to the medium passage of the throttling regulating valve. For example, internal threads can be provided in the area near the outer port of the medium passage, and external threads can be provided at the rear of the timing adjustment knob, and the front part of the timing adjustment knob is connected to the medium passage towards the internal threads. An annular gap forming a throttling passage is left between the front part (or the main body) of the timing adjustment knob and the medium passage of the throttling regulating valve. A side wall through hole communicating with the atmosphere is provided on the medium passage of the throttling regulating valve (usually can be opened at a position adjacent to the inner side of the internal thread area). By rotating the timing adjustment knob, the effective length of the throttling passage (the length between the inner end of the annular gap and the side wall through hole) can be adjusted, the throttling resistance of the throttling regulating valve can be adjusted, and further the time for the starting negative pressure chamber to intake air through the throttling regulating valve and return to the normal pressure (or close to the normal pressure) under a certain negative pressure state can be adjusted.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid level diaphragm, the first starting diaphragm and the second starting diaphragm can all adopt a rotating curved surface shape. In the normal state (the state where the pressure difference on both sides is zero), the middle part in the radial direction (the part between the central part and the edge part) bulges downward or upward, so as to facilitate the realization of the required deformation, and enable the middle part of the diaphragm (the liquid level diaphragm, the first starting diaphragm or the second starting diaphragm) together with the valve core (the liquid level valve core or the negative pressure actuating valve core) or the push rod (the starting push rod) fixedly connected to the middle part to move up and down according to the working requirements.

[0020] Preferably, the negative pressure actuating valve core is provided with a limit lock (or a limit locking structure) corresponding to the high position and a limit lock corresponding to the low position, and is provided with a limit locking mechanism (or a limit locking module) matching the limit lock. When the negative pressure actuating valve core is in the high position or the low position, the limit locking mechanism implements the limit locking of the negative pressure actuating valve core.

[0021] The limit locking mechanism is preferably arranged at the upper part of the atmosphere chamber.

[0022] The number of the limit locking mechanisms can be one or more. For example, preferably two or three. The multiple limit locking mechanisms are equally spaced to achieve the balance of the limit locking force and avoid being too complex.

[0023] Further, a radially extending limit locking channel is provided in the housing of the limit locking mechanism. A locking ball and a locking spring are provided in the limit locking channel. The locking spring is located outside the locking ball (radially outside), and the inner end acts on the locking ball, pushing the locking ball inward. Two upper and lower limit locking annular grooves corresponding to the locking ball are provided on the negative pressure actuating valve core (on the circumferential surface of the negative pressure actuating valve core). The lower limit locking annular groove constitutes the limit locking corresponding to the high position (which can be called the first limit locking), and the upper limit locking annular groove constitutes the limit locking corresponding to the high position (which can be called the second limit locking). An annular protrusion is provided between the two limit locking annular grooves (the annular protrusion structure relative to the annular groove). When any limit locking annular groove is at the same height as the locking ball, the locking ball is partially engaged in the limit locking annular groove under the push of the corresponding locking spring, thereby restricting the position of the negative pressure actuating valve core. The first limit locking (the lower limit locking annular groove) restricts the negative pressure actuating valve core at its high position, and the second limit locking (the upper limit locking annular groove) restricts the negative pressure actuating valve core at its low position.

[0024] Preferably, a locking adjustment knob (cylindrical part) is threadedly connected to the outer end of the limit locking channel. The outer end of the locking spring abuts against the locking adjustment knob. Thus, by rotating the locking adjustment knob, the compression degree of the locking spring can be changed, and further the limit locking force on the negative pressure actuating valve core can be adjusted.

[0025] Various specific connection structures and other supporting structures can be set according to actual needs. For example, a manual start diaphragm is provided at the center of the top surface (top plate) of the liquid level positive pressure chamber. The manual start diaphragm is an elastic diaphragm, and its middle part in the radial direction (the part between the central part and the edge part) protrudes upward. The bottom surface (lower surface) of the central part contacts the top end of the liquid level valve core.

[0026] Further, the periphery of the manual start diaphragm is hermetically connected to the top surface of the liquid level positive pressure chamber. The central part is flat or has other shapes suitable for manual pressing, or a manual pressing part is fixedly provided (for example, a hard disk with a slightly convex center). The top of the liquid level valve core applies a certain pre-compression to the manual start diaphragm (that is, if not restricted by the liquid level valve core, the bottom surface height of the central part of the manual start diaphragm will be lower than the top end height of the liquid level valve core). Thus, the manual start diaphragm can rely on its own elasticity to keep the contact between the bottom surface of its central part and the top surface of the liquid level valve core. When necessary, the top surface of the liquid level valve core and the bottom surface of the central part of the liquid level diaphragm can also be fixedly connected (for example, glued).

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By using a pneumatic control valve as the control device for the negative pressure valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline, the on / off of each gas path in the pneumatic control valve is realized based on the water level in the water collector or the pressure change in the induction pipe. After the water level in the water collector reaches a certain height, a negative pressure signal is automatically output, thereby controlling the opening of the negative pressure valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline. And after a certain timing time, the output of the negative pressure signal is automatically stopped, and the negative pressure valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline is closed. Thus, while meeting the control requirements, there is no need to set up a power supply and electrical and electronic equipment, fundamentally avoiding the problem of electrical safety, saving the construction work of circuit and power supply layout, and saving the maintenance work of electrical and electronic equipment; Due to the setting of an independent negative pressure detection, start-up and throttling timing module, it can better adapt to harsh environments, further improving the stability and reliability of operation and facilitating maintenance; Since the negative pressure of the negative pressure conveying system is used as the power source for control and through an integrated valve design, the on-site assembly is simple and fast, and no additional site is required; Due to the reasonable design of the pneumatic control valve and the allowable selection of materials suitable for humid environments, it operates reliably, has low maintenance requirements, and a long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the liquid level trigger module of the present invention (initial / closed state); Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the liquid level trigger module of the present invention (open state); Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the negative pressure detection, start-up and throttling timing module of the present invention (initial / closed state); Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the negative pressure detection, start-up and throttling timing module of the present invention (start-up state); Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the limit locking module of the present invention (first limit locking state); Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the limit locking module of the present invention (intermediate state); Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the limit locking module of the present invention (second limit locking state); Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the limit locking module and the negative pressure execution module of the present invention (negative pressure cut-off state); Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the limit locking module and the negative pressure execution module of the present invention (negative pressure connection state); Figure 11 is in terms of Figure 2Schematic diagram of the installation structure of an elastic diaphragm or similar component with part B shown as an example; Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a usage mode of the present invention.

[0029] Markings in the figure: 1. Pneumatic control valve; 2. Negative pressure actuator (usually a negative pressure valve); 3. Water accumulation tank; 4. Induction tube; 5. Induction tube connecting pipe; 6. Drainage pipe; 7. Negative pressure pipeline; 8. Negative pressure air source air intake; 9. Negative pressure source connecting pipe; 10. Liquid level trigger module; 101. Manual start diaphragm; 102. Liquid level positive pressure chamber; 103. Liquid level diaphragm; 104. Liquid level normal pressure chamber; 105. Liquid level valve core seal; 106. Liquid level valve core; 107. Liquid level negative pressure chamber; 108. First annular seal; 109. Start chamber; 110. First spring; 131. Connection part; 132. Connection base; 133. Connection pressing plate; 20. Negative pressure detection, start and throttling timing module; 201. Start normal pressure chamber; 202. First start diaphragm; 203. Start negative pressure chamber; 204. Second start diaphragm; 205. Start push rod; 206. Throttle outlet; 207. Throttle orifice; 208. Throttle inlet; 209. Throttle regulating valve core; 210. Second spring; 30. Limit locking module; 301. Negative pressure actuator valve core; 302. Third spring; 303. Locking ball; 304. Locking adjustment knob; 305. Locking spring; 306. First limit lock; 307. Second limit lock; 40. Negative pressure actuator module; 401. Atmosphere chamber; 402. Second annular seal; 403. Negative pressure actuator chamber; 404. Third annular seal; 405. Negative pressure source chamber; A1. First atmosphere channel; A2. Second atmosphere channel; A3. Third atmosphere channel; A4. Fourth atmosphere channel; P1. First negative pressure channel; P2. Second negative pressure channel; S1. First start channel; S2. Second start channel; L. Liquid level interface; V. Negative pressure actuator interface; P. Negative pressure air source interface. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] See Figure 12, this pneumatically controlled valve 1 is a pneumatically controlled pneumatic valve. Without the need to set up electrical and electronic devices, it can be regarded as a pneumatically controlled two-way three-way valve with a pressure comparison function and a delay timing function. It changes / determines its working position according to the air pressure applied to the control end. Its common interface (multi-port) is the negative pressure actuator interface V, which is used to connect to the negative pressure actuator (usually a negative pressure valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline) 2. Among the two single ports, one is the atmosphere interface A, and the other is the negative pressure air source interface P. The negative pressure air source interface P is connected to the negative pressure air source extraction port 8 on the negative pressure pipeline 7 through a negative pressure source connecting pipe (air pipe) 9. The sump 3 for collecting sewage is provided with a sensing pipe 4 for sensing the water level (or liquid level) in the sump. The sensing pipe 4 can be a vertically erected pipe with a closed top and an open bottom. The top is provided with a sensing interface and is connected to the liquid level interface L of the pneumatically controlled valve 1 through a sensing pipe connecting pipe (air pipe) 5. When the water level in the sump is lower than the open bottom of the sensing pipe, the air in the sensing pipe is at normal pressure. Therefore, the liquid level interface L of the pneumatically controlled valve 1 is connected to normal pressure. In this case, the negative pressure actuator interface V of the pneumatically controlled valve 1 is connected to the atmosphere interface A, and the air pressure applied to the control end of the negative pressure actuator 2 is normal pressure, so the negative pressure actuator 2 does not start (the negative pressure valve is closed). When the water level in the sump exceeds the open bottom of the sensing pipe, as the water level in the sump continues to rise, the gas pressure in the upper part of the sensing pipe also continues to rise. When this pressure reaches or exceeds a certain value, the negative pressure actuator interface V of the pneumatically controlled valve 1 is connected to the negative pressure air source interface P, and the air pressure applied to the control end of the negative pressure actuator 2 is the negative pressure of the negative pressure source. The negative pressure actuator 2 starts (the negative pressure valve opens). Under the negative pressure action of the negative pressure pipeline 7, the sewage in the sump is pumped into the negative pressure pipeline 7 through the drain pipe 6 and sent to the negative pressure station.

[0031] See Figures 1 to 10 , this pneumatically controlled valve mainly consists of 4 functional modules, namely: a liquid level trigger module 1; a negative pressure detection, start and throttling timing module 2; a limit locking module 3; a negative pressure execution module 4. Among them, the first negative pressure channel P1 and the second negative pressure channel P2 are connected, the first start channel S1 and the second start channel S2 are connected. The liquid level interface L, the negative pressure actuator interface V and the negative pressure air source interface P are respectively connected to the pressure / water level sensing interface at the top of the sensing pipe (or the pressure / water level sensing interface of other similar sensors), the negative pressure control interface of the negative pressure actuator (for example, the negative pressure valve on the negative pressure conveying pipeline), and the negative pressure air source (the negative pressure of the negative pressure conveying system can be used as the negative pressure air source, and it is connected to any suitable part in the system that can draw out the negative pressure air source). The first atmosphere interface A1, the second atmosphere interface A2, the third atmosphere interface A3 and the fourth atmosphere interface A4 are all connected to the atmosphere, and a filtering device may or may not be provided at the interface.

[0032] The working modes of each module are as follows: I. Liquid level trigger module Initial closed state: There is no pressure at the liquid level interface L, i.e., it is in communication with the atmosphere. The negative pressure channel P2 is connected to the negative pressure gas source through the negative pressure channel P1 (constantly connected). The liquid level valve core 106 is sealed between the initial position and the liquid level valve core seal 105 and the first annular seal 108, jointly keeping the liquid level negative pressure chamber 107 in a negative pressure state and isolating it from the liquid level normal pressure chamber 104 and the starting chamber 109. Under the action of the first spring 110, the liquid level diaphragm 103 remains in the closed position, and the liquid level positive pressure chamber 102, the liquid level normal pressure chamber 104, and the starting chamber 109 are all at normal pressure.

[0033] Liquid level opening state: The air pressure introduced at the liquid level interface L and the air pressure in the liquid level positive pressure chamber 102 increase with the increase of the water level in the water collector. The liquid level normal pressure chamber 104 is in communication with the first atmosphere channel A1 and remains at normal pressure under atmospheric pressure. The liquid level diaphragm 103 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 110 and pushes the liquid level valve core 106 to move. The first annular seal 108 is disengaged from the liquid level valve core 106, and the liquid level negative pressure chamber 107 is in communication with the starting chamber 109, being in a negative pressure state and outputting negative pressure through the first starting channel S1. Thus, the state changes of subsequent modules are controlled. The negative pressure is introduced into the negative pressure control interface of the negative pressure actuator through the negative pressure actuator interface, and the negative pressure is used to start pumping water from the water collector.

[0034] When the water level in the water collector drops to a certain level, the positive pressure introduced at the liquid level interface L disappears. The liquid level valve core 106 returns to its original position under the action of the first spring 110, and the first annular seal 108 is sealed with the liquid level valve core 106 again, cutting off the communication between the liquid level negative pressure chamber 107 and the starting chamber 109, and no negative pressure is output from the starting channel S1.

[0035] When needed, the manual starting diaphragm 101 can also be manually pressed to push the liquid level valve core 106 to move. The subsequent working process is the same as that under liquid level start; when the starting diaphragm 101 is released, the liquid level valve core 106 returns to its original position under the push of the first spring 110, and the subsequent working process is the same as that after the positive pressure introduced at the liquid level interface L disappears.

[0036] II. Negative pressure detection, start, and throttling timing module The first starting diaphragm 202 and the second starting diaphragm 204 drive and guide the starting push rod 205 to move. The second starting channel S2 is in communication with the first starting channel S1 of the liquid level triggering module. The starting negative pressure chamber 203 is in communication with the third atmosphere channel A3 through the throttling outlet 206, the throttling orifice (or throttling channel) 207, and the throttling inlet 208. The starting normal pressure chamber 201 is in communication with the second atmosphere channel A2.

[0037] In the initial closed state, the starting negative pressure chamber 203 is at normal pressure. Under the action of the second spring 210, the starting negative pressure chamber 203 is in the state with the largest internal space.

[0038] Negative pressure detection and startup process: The second startup channel S2 is connected to the first startup S1. If the negative pressure introduced is lower than a certain set value and is not sufficient to overcome the force of the second spring 210, the space in the startup negative pressure chamber 203 will not contract, and the first startup diaphragm 202 will not drive the startup push rod 205 to move downward. When the negative pressure introduced into the second startup channel is high enough to overcome the force of the second spring 210, the internal space of the startup negative pressure chamber 203 shrinks, the first startup diaphragm 205 moves downward, pushing the negative pressure actuator valve core 301 downward to perform related startup actions.

[0039] Throttle timing: When the liquid level trigger module is closed (the first annular seal 108 and the liquid level valve core 106 are sealed again), the first startup channel S1 no longer outputs negative pressure, and the throttle timing state is entered: At the start of timing, the startup negative pressure chamber 203 is in a negative pressure state, that is, the internal air pressure is less than the external atmospheric pressure. The external atmosphere enters the startup negative pressure chamber 203 through the throttle inlet 208, throttle orifice 207, and throttle outlet 206 of the throttle regulating valve. The medium channel (throttle orifice 207) in the throttle regulating valve is a channel with a very small gap, which applies a resistance and current limiting effect to the passing air flow. When the air entering the startup negative pressure chamber 203 causes the air pressure in the startup negative pressure chamber to recover to a certain value, under the action of the second spring 210, the startup push rod 205 moves upward to its original position, the timing ends, the negative pressure detection, startup, and throttle timing module 2 is closed, and the negative pressure actuator valve core 301 moves upward to its original position.

[0040] The axial position of the throttle regulating valve spool (plug) 209 can be adjusted according to actual needs (the spool 209 can be threadedly connected to the corresponding pipe hole, and the required position adjustment can be achieved by rotating the spool 209), changing the throttle resistance, thereby changing the flow rate of the atmosphere entering the startup negative pressure chamber 203, and further changing the time for the startup push rod 205 to move upward to its original position (the duration from the start of timing to the startup push rod 205 moving upward to its original position), to achieve timing adjustment.

[0041] III. Limit locking module There is a circular protrusion on the negative pressure actuator valve core 301. There are depressions (concave parts) on both the upper and lower sides of the circular protrusion, forming the first limit lock (or the first limit lock structure) 306 and the second limit lock (or the second limit lock structure) 307. In the initial state, the locking ball 303 catches the first limit lock 306. The compression degree of the locking spring 305 can be adjusted by rotating the locking adjustment knob (or locking adjustment plug) 304, thereby adjusting the pressing force of the locking ball 303.

[0042] The negative pressure actuating valve core 301 can move downward under the push of the starting push rod 205, enabling the annular protrusion on the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 to cross over the locking ball 303. When the highest point of the annular protrusion on the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 (the point with the highest protrusion degree, that is, the part with the largest diameter in the annular protrusion) crosses over the locking ball 303, the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 will suddenly accelerate downward and quickly move to the position where the locking ball 303 is stuck on the second limit lock 307, thereby enabling the matching module (negative pressure actuating module) to quickly change positions (quickly switch to the negative pressure connection state).

[0043] After the starting push rod 205 moves upward and returns to its original position, the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 moves upward and returns to its original position under the action of the third spring 302. Similar to the previous process, when the highest point of the annular protrusion on the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 crosses over the locking ball 303, the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 will suddenly accelerate upward and quickly move to the position where the locking ball 303 is stuck on the first limit lock 306, thereby enabling the matching module (negative pressure actuating module) to quickly change positions (quickly switch to the negative pressure disconnection state), that is, return to the initial state.

[0044] IV. Negative Pressure Actuating Module In the initial state, the position of the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 is where the locking ball 303 is stuck on the first limit lock. There is a seal between the third annular seal 404 and the negative pressure actuating valve core 301, and the negative pressure actuating cavity 403 is isolated from the negative pressure source cavity 405; there is a gap between the second annular seal 402 and the negative pressure actuating valve core 301, and through this gap, the negative pressure actuating cavity 403 communicates with the atmosphere cavity 401, that is, communicates with the atmosphere. The negative pressure actuating mechanism is in a cut-off state with the negative pressure gas source, that is, the negative pressure actuating mechanism is turned off.

[0045] When the negative pressure detection, start, and throttling timing module is in the start + throttling timing state (start state or throttling timing state), the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 is pushed by the starting push rod 205 to the second limit lock position (the position / state of the negative pressure actuating valve core 301 when the locking ball 303 is stuck on the second limit lock 307). There is a gap between the third annular seal 404 and the negative pressure actuating valve core 301, and at the same time, there is a seal between the second annular seal 402 and the negative pressure actuating valve core 301. Therefore, the negative pressure actuating cavity 403 communicates with the negative pressure source cavity 405, and at the same time, the negative pressure actuating cavity 403 is isolated from the atmosphere cavity 401. The negative pressure actuating mechanism interface V is connected to the negative pressure gas source interface P, thereby realizing the connection between the negative pressure gas source and the negative pressure actuating mechanism (negative pressure control end), and the negative pressure actuating mechanism works.

[0046] After the throttling timing of the negative pressure detection, start and throttling timing module is completed, the push rod 205 is started to move upward and return to its position. The negative pressure actuator spool 301 returns to the first limit locking position (the position / state of the negative pressure actuator spool 301 when the locking ball 303 is stuck on the first limit lock 306), that is, it returns to the initial state (or normal state, or normally closed state). The third annular seal 404 seals with the negative pressure actuator spool 301 to cut off the negative pressure air source. At the same time, the gap between the second annular seal 402 and the negative pressure actuator spool 301 is restored. The negative pressure actuator chamber 403 is reconnected to the atmosphere chamber 401. The negative pressure actuator interface V is in communication with the atmosphere, and the negative pressure actuator is shut off.

[0047] According to the prior art, sealing rings or other sealing materials can be provided at the connecting parts that need to be sealed. According to actual needs, rabbets or other connecting structures that are beneficial to stability and sealing can be provided at the pipe orifice-shaped connecting parts (for example, between the cylindrical outer wall ports of adjacent cavities), and structures for fixing or embedding the sealing rings can be provided. Threaded connections (for example, screws) or other suitable connection methods can be used to fix the mutually fixed connecting parts. The size of the central through hole of each annular seal is adapted to the outer diameter of the corresponding spool (or other cylindrical parts that form a sealing pair with it), and usually elastic materials (for example, rubber) should be used for preparation (but non-elastic structures are allowed to be provided in areas where elastic deformation is not required according to actual needs). It is sleeved on the corresponding spool through the central through hole. When the spool is in the corresponding sealing position (the position when the sealing pair formed with this seal is in a closed state), the outer diameter of the spool located in the central through hole of this seal should be appropriately larger than the aperture of the central through hole of this seal (the aperture in the free state), so that the hole wall of the central through hole of the seal tightly adheres to / grips the outer circle of the spool. When the corresponding spool is in the corresponding non-sealing position (the position when the sealing pair formed with this seal is in an open state, or called the open position), the outer diameter of the spool located in the central through hole of this seal is smaller than the aperture of the central through hole of this seal, so that there is a gap between the hole wall of the central through hole of the seal and the outer circle of the spool to allow the medium (for example, air) to pass through. The same spool (cylindrical part) can form multiple sealing pairs with multiple valve seat seals. The outer diameter of each area of the spool can be set according to the required states of each sealing pair. When the spool is in different set positions (for example, moved to different set positions by axial / vertical movement), each sealing pair synchronously switches to the state of the spool in the corresponding position, thereby realizing the synchronization of the relevant sealing pairs, which not only simplifies the structure of each sealing pair, but also ensures the reliability of the synchronous switching of each sealing pair.

[0048] Diaphragms, sealing rings, springs, etc. that require deformation are made of corresponding elastic materials, while shells, spools, interfaces (connecting short pipes), etc. that do not require deformation can be made of hard materials, such as hard rubber and plastic materials or alloy materials suitable for humid environments.

[0049] SeeFigure 11 The outer edge (or periphery) of elastic components such as diaphragms and seals can be fixedly installed in any suitable manner. For example, an annular groove for embedding, clamping, or holding the component to be installed can be provided on the component 133 used as the installation base, and an installation structure 131 conforming to the annular groove can be provided on the outer edge of the component to be installed (such as a seal or a diaphragm, especially a component to be installed made of an elastic material). The installation structure is placed into the annular groove, and the installation structure is pressed by a pressing plate (or other fixing component) 132, and the pressing plate is fixed (for example, fixed by fastening screws).

[0050] The present invention has the following characteristics: 1) Working mode: pneumatic, non-contact start trigger for liquid level; 2) It has a negative pressure detection function and does not work when the negative pressure is insufficient. It automatically starts when the negative pressure meets the requirements; 3) It has a timing shutdown function, and the timing starts when the starting liquid level disappears (the liquid level drops to the normal liquid level); 4) It has a limit locking function to avoid the phenomenon of spool commutation creep; 5) It has a manual start function.

[0051] All the preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present invention can be arbitrarily combined to form several different specific implementation manners, unless otherwise specified or one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means.

Claims

1. Pneumatic control valve, characterized in that There are a liquid level positive pressure chamber, a liquid level normal pressure chamber, a liquid level negative pressure chamber, a starting chamber, a starting normal pressure chamber, a starting negative pressure chamber, an atmosphere chamber, a negative pressure execution chamber and a negative pressure source chamber arranged successively from top to bottom. The liquid level positive pressure chamber is provided with a liquid level interface, the liquid level normal pressure chamber is provided with an atmosphere interface, the liquid level negative pressure chamber is connected to the negative pressure source chamber through a negative pressure channel, the liquid level positive pressure chamber and the liquid level normal pressure chamber are separated by a liquid level diaphragm, and a first valve sealing pair composed of a liquid level valve core and a first annular seal is arranged between the liquid level negative pressure chamber and the starting chamber. When the liquid level valve core is at a high position, the first valve sealing pair is closed, and when the liquid level valve core is at a low position, the first valve sealing pair is opened. The upper part of the liquid level valve core is fixedly connected to the central part of the liquid level diaphragm. The starting normal pressure chamber is provided with an atmosphere interface, the starting negative pressure chamber is connected to the starting chamber through a starting channel, the starting normal pressure chamber and the starting negative pressure chamber are separated by a first starting diaphragm, a second starting diaphragm is arranged between the starting negative pressure chamber and the atmosphere chamber, the upper part of the starting push rod is fixedly connected to the central part of the first starting diaphragm, and the lower part passes through the second starting diaphragm and is fixedly connected to the second starting diaphragm. The atmosphere chamber is provided with an atmosphere interface, the negative pressure execution chamber is provided with a negative pressure execution mechanism interface, the negative pressure source chamber is provided with a negative pressure gas source interface, a second valve sealing pair composed of a negative pressure execution valve core and a second annular seal is arranged between the atmosphere chamber and the negative pressure execution chamber, and a third valve sealing pair composed of a negative pressure execution valve core and a third annular seal is arranged between the negative pressure execution chamber and the negative pressure source chamber. The top end of the negative pressure execution valve core is connected to the bottom end of the starting push rod. When the negative pressure execution valve core is at a high position, the second valve sealing pair is opened and the third valve sealing pair is closed. When the negative pressure execution valve core is at a low position, the second valve sealing pair is closed and the third valve sealing pair is opened.

2. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 1, wherein A liquid level valve core seal is provided on the separating structure between the liquid level normal pressure chamber and the liquid level negative pressure chamber. The liquid level valve core passes through the central through hole of the liquid level valve core seal, and the central through hole of the liquid level valve core seal closely adheres to / grips tightly on the liquid level valve core.

3. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid level valve core is provided with a first spring serving as its return spring, the starting push rod is provided with a second spring serving as its return spring, and the negative pressure execution valve core is provided with a third spring serving as its return spring.

4. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 3, characterized in that The first spring is located in the liquid level normal pressure chamber, the second spring is located in the starting negative pressure chamber, and the third spring is located in the atmosphere chamber.

5. The pneumatically controlled valve according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid level valve core and the negative pressure execution valve core are arranged as unequal-diameter cylinders according to the opening and closing requirements of the relevant valve sealing pairs, so as to achieve the required sealing or non-sealing between the first annular seal, the second annular seal and the third annular seal at each set position.

6. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 1, wherein The starting negative pressure chamber is provided with a throttling timing device.

7. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 6, characterized in that The throttling timing device adopts a throttling regulating valve fixedly installed on the side wall of the starting negative pressure chamber. The inner end of the throttling regulating valve communicates with the starting negative pressure chamber, and the outer end communicates with the atmosphere. When the air pressure in the starting negative pressure chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure, air enters the starting negative pressure chamber through the throttling regulating valve, so that the pressure in the starting negative pressure chamber returns to the normal pressure or a level close to the normal pressure.

8. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 7, characterized in that The throttling regulating valve is provided with a timing regulating knob for resistance adjustment.

9. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that The negative pressure execution valve core is provided with a limit lock for the high position and a limit lock for the low position, and is provided with a limit locking mechanism matching the limit lock.

10. The pneumatic control valve according to claim 9, wherein The limit locking mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the air cavity, and the number thereof is one or more. A plurality of limit locking mechanisms are equally spaced.

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