Combustor

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustor, and relates to the technical field of combustion equipment. The burner block is at least partially located in a hearth of a combustion furnace, the first-stage combustion assembly is arranged on the peripheral side of the burner block, the burner block is provided with a mixing groove, and a groove opening of the mixing groove is communicated with the interior of the hearth; the first gas channel penetrates through the burner block in the first direction and is used for introducing combustion-supporting gas into the hearth; the second gas channel comprises a first end and a second end; the first end is communicated with the first gas channel, and the second end is communicated with the mixing tank; the third gas channel comprises a third end and a fourth end; the third end penetrates through the outer side wall of the burner block, and the fourth end is communicated with the mixing tank; the first-stage combustion assembly comprises a first-stage gas nozzle; the first-stage gas nozzle is arranged opposite to the third end, and a gap is formed between the first-stage gas nozzle and the third end; and the gas injection direction of the first-stage gas nozzle is parallel to the extension direction of the third gas channel. The burner is used for reducing environmental pollution and prolonging the service life of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, and in particular to a burner. Background Art

[0002] Nitrogen oxides (NO X ) mainly include nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). When their content and existence time in the atmosphere reach the level of having harmful effects on humans, animals, plants, and other substances, pollution is formed.

[0003] During the combustion process of petrochemical industrial furnaces, there are three ways to generate NO X : One is the oxidation of nitrogen in the air at high temperatures, called thermal NO X ; the second is that CH free radicals generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbon and nitrogen compounds in the fuel volatiles react with nitrogen in the air to generate HCN and N, and then further react with oxygen at an extremely fast rate to generate NO X , called prompt NO X ; the third is the NO generated by the oxidation of nitrogen-containing compounds in the fuel during combustion X , called fuel NO X . Among them, the generation rate of thermal NO X is related to the combustion temperature. If the combustion temperature is too high, it will cause the out-of-control emission of thermal NO X , increase environmental pollution, and at the same time cause local overheating and affect the equipment life.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to control the combustion temperature, either an additional air box is set up to control the oxygen content introduced into the furnace through the air box, or an additional recirculation combustion component (such as a swirler) is set up. The above methods will make the overall structure of the burner complex, the temperature control process complex, and the effect of reducing the emission of thermal NO X not good. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a burner to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a burner for reducing environmental pollution and improving equipment life.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a burner for providing heat to a combustion furnace. The burner includes a burner block at least partially located inside the furnace chamber of the combustion furnace. The burner block is provided with: a mixing groove, the notch of the mixing groove communicating with the inside of the furnace chamber; a first gas passage penetrating through the burner block along a first direction for introducing combustion-supporting gas into the inside of the furnace chamber; a second gas passage including a first end and a second end; the first end communicating with the first gas passage, and the second end communicating with the mixing groove; a third gas passage including a third end and a fourth end; the third end penetrating through the outer side wall of the burner block, and the fourth end communicating with the mixing groove; the burner further includes a primary combustion assembly provided on the outer peripheral side of the burner block; the primary combustion assembly includes a primary gas spray head; the primary gas spray head is disposed opposite to the third end and there is a gap between the primary gas spray head and the third end; the jetting direction of the primary gas spray head is parallel to the extending direction of the third gas passage.

[0008] In some embodiments, the burner block is further provided with a mounting hole; the mounting hole penetrates through the burner block along the first direction; an ignition assembly is installed in the mounting hole for igniting the fuel gas inside the furnace chamber; the mixing groove is an annular mixing groove surrounding the mounting hole.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second end and the fourth end are tangentially arranged with the outer side wall of the mixing groove along the same clockwise direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of the first gas passages is multiple, and the multiple first gas passages are evenly spaced around the mixing groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first gas passage includes a conical sub-passage and a cylindrical sub-passage; the conical sub-passage includes a fifth end and a sixth end, the cross-sectional area of the fifth end being smaller than that of the sixth end; the fifth end communicates with the inside of the furnace chamber, and the sixth end communicates with the cylindrical sub-passage; the first end communicates with one end of the cylindrical sub-passage close to the sixth end.

[0012] In some embodiments, the burner further includes: a secondary combustion assembly provided on the outer peripheral side of the burner block; the secondary combustion assembly includes a secondary gas spray head, the jetting direction of the secondary gas spray head being at an angle with the jetting direction of the primary gas spray head; the secondary gas spray head and the primary gas spray head can perform jetting actions simultaneously.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bottom of the mixing tank is inclined, and there is a first included angle between the plane where the bottom is located and the second direction; the second direction is arranged at an included angle with the first direction; the second end is communicated with the bottom of the mixing tank; there is a second included angle between the center line of the second end and the second direction; the angle of the second included angle is the same as the angle of the first included angle, and both are acute angles.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fourth end is communicated with the tank body of the mixing tank; there is a third included angle between the center line of the fourth end and the second direction; the angle of the third included angle is smaller than the angle of the second included angle.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ratio range of the cross-sectional area of the first gas channel to the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel is 7:3 to 8:2.

[0016] In some embodiments, it further includes a combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline, which is communicated with the first gas channel.

[0017] Advantages of the present invention:

[0018] A burner provided by the present invention is provided with a mixing tank with a notch communicating with the inside of the furnace on a burner brick, a first gas passage penetrating the burner brick along a first direction for introducing combustion-supporting gas into the inside of the furnace, a second gas passage with a first end communicating with the first gas passage and a second end communicating with the mixing tank, and a third gas passage with a third end penetrating the outer side wall of the burner brick and a fourth end communicating with the mixing tank. At the same time, a primary combustion assembly is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the burner brick, and a primary gas spray head of the primary combustion assembly is arranged opposite to the third end of the third gas passage with a gap therebetween, and the jet direction of the primary gas spray head is arranged parallel to the extending direction of the third gas passage. In this way, during the process of introducing the combustion-supporting gas into the inside of the furnace of the combustion furnace through the first gas passage, most of the combustion-supporting gas will directly enter the furnace through the first gas passage, and a small part of the combustion-supporting gas will flow into the second gas passage communicating with the first gas passage and enter the mixing tank through the second gas passage. At the same time, when the primary gas spray head sprays fuel gas into the third gas passage, due to the high flow rate of the fuel gas under the spraying action of the primary gas spray head, the pressure at the opening of the third end of the third gas passage and inside the third gas passage becomes smaller, and the flue gas in the furnace at this place will be attracted to the opening of the third end of the third gas passage, and the fuel gas sprayed by the primary gas spray head enters the inside of the tank body of the mixing tank through the third gas passage. At this time, there are simultaneously a small part of the combustion-supporting gas from the second gas passage, the fuel gas from the third gas passage and the furnace flue gas in the mixing tank, and the three gases are mixed in the mixing tank. When the mixed gas in the mixing tank is ignited to form a primary combustion zone, due to the mixing of the furnace flue gas, the overall oxygen concentration of the mixed gas is reduced. At this time, the combustion type in the primary combustion zone is oxygen-deficient combustion. Under oxygen-deficient conditions, the fuel gas cannot be completely oxidized, and the heat released by the combustion of unit fuel gas is reduced, thereby reducing the combustion temperature. After the combustion temperature is reduced, the reaction rate of the Zeldovich chain reaction will be reduced, and at the same time, CH free radicals combine with NO X precursors (such as HCN, NH3) to generate N2, inhibiting the generation of NO X That is, after the combustion temperature is reduced, the generation rate of NO X will be reduced, reducing the emission of NO X , reducing environmental pollution, and at the same time avoiding local overheating and improving the service life of the equipment. And the above burner only reforms the structure of the burner brick, without additionally arranging an oxygen supply component or a recirculation combustion component. The structure is simple, and the control process of the combustion temperature is simple and direct, ensuring the effect of reducing the emission of thermal NO X . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a burner provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of another perspective of a burner provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged structural diagram of area A in the shown structure;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 an enlarged structural diagram of area B in the shown structure.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 1, combustion furnace; 11, furnace chamber; 2, burner brick; 21, mixing tank; 22, first gas passage; 221, conical sub-passage; 2211, fifth end; 2212, sixth end; 222, cylindrical sub-passage; 23, second gas passage; 231, first end; 232, second end; 24, third gas passage; 241, third end; 242, fourth end; 25, mounting hole; 26, first mounting groove; 27, second mounting groove; 3, primary combustion assembly; 31, primary gas spray head; 4, ignition assembly; 5, secondary combustion assembly; 51, secondary gas spray head; 6, combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline; 61, main pipeline; 62, branch pipeline;

[0025] a1, first included angle; a2, second included angle; a3, third included angle; S1, primary combustion area; S2, secondary combustion area; X1, first direction; X2, second direction. Specific Embodiments

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than all the structures.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through other features therebetween.

[0029] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operations, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meanings.

[0030] During the combustion process of petrochemical industrial furnaces, the formation of thermal NO X follows the Zeldovich chain reaction mechanism. Its core steps are as follows: 1. Oxygen atom dissociation: At high temperatures, O2 → 2O, and the dissociation energy in this step is 498 kJ / mol; 2. N2 + O → NO + N, and the activation energy in this step is 315 kJ / mol; 3. Nitrogen atom oxidation: N + O2 → NO + O, and the activation energy in this step is 26 kJ / mol. At the same time, the exponential effect of temperature on the reaction rate is reflected in the Arrhenius equation: In the formula, for every 100 K (about 100 °C) increase in temperature T, the reaction rate constant k can increase by about 6 to 7 times. Therefore, it is obvious that reducing the combustion temperature is crucial for reducing the generation rate of NO X .

[0031] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a burner provided in this embodiment is used to provide heat for the combustion furnace 1. The burner includes a burner block 2 at least partially located inside the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1 and a primary combustion assembly 3 provided on the outer peripheral side of the burner block 2. The above-mentioned burner block 2 is made of corundum material. The upper half of the burner block 2 has a frustum-shaped structure, and the lower half has a cylindrical structure. Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the upper half of the burner block 2 (the bottom area of the frustum-shaped structure) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the lower half of the burner block 2 (the top area of the cylindrical structure). By setting the upper half of the burner block 2 as a frustum-shaped structure, a gradually expanding gas flow space can be formed, which can effectively reduce the flow resistance of high-speed gas. Since the resistance of high-speed gas flow is proportional to the square of its flow velocity, the conical design (i.e., the frustum-shaped structure) can gradually diffuse the air flow, reduce the local pressure loss, and thus improve the combustion efficiency; and the frustum-shaped structure helps to guide the mixing process of fuel gas and combustion-supporting gas, facilitating the formation of a specific flame shape (such as a disc-shaped flame, which can make the thermal radiation more uniform and avoid local high-temperature concentration). By setting the lower half of the burner block 2 as a cylindrical structure, it is easier for the lower half of the burner block 2 to closely cooperate with the side wall of the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1 or other refractory structures, avoiding the stress concentration problem caused by sudden shape changes.

[0032] It is easily understandable that the "combustion-supporting gas" mentioned above can be pure oxygen, air (including normal air and preheated air), or oxygen-enriched air (with an oxygen concentration of 25% - 95%). Those skilled in the art can make flexible selections according to the actual usage scenarios, and no excessive limitations are imposed here.

[0033] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, a mixing tank 21, a first gas channel 22, a second gas channel 23, and a third gas channel 24 are provided on the above-mentioned burner brick 2. The above-mentioned mixing tank 21 is used to mix the combustion-supporting gas and the fuel gas. The mixing tank 21 is, for example, a cylindrical tank or an annular deep groove, as long as it can provide a mixing space for the combustion-supporting gas and the fuel gas. No excessive limitations are imposed on the shape of the mixing tank 21 here. The mouth of the mixing tank 21 is communicated with the interior of the furnace chamber 11 of the above-mentioned combustion furnace 1, so that the mixed gas (combustion-supporting gas and fuel gas) can enter the furnace chamber 11.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the above-mentioned first gas channel 22 penetrates the above-mentioned burner brick 2 along the first direction X1, and the first gas channel 22 is used to introduce the combustion-supporting gas (such as pure oxygen) into the interior of the furnace chamber 11 of the above-mentioned combustion furnace 1. It can be understood that, in order to introduce the combustion-supporting gas into the interior of the furnace chamber 11, the above-mentioned burner may further include a combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6, which is communicated with the first gas channel 22 and supplies the combustion-supporting gas from a gas source (such as a gas cylinder) into the interior of the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1. Taking Figure 1 the perspective shown as an example, the first gas channel 22 communicates the interior of the furnace chamber 11 with the outside from top to bottom, and the combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6 is arranged below the first gas channel 22 and is communicated with the first gas channel 22.

[0035] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the above-mentioned second gas channel 23 includes a first end 231 and a second end 232. The second gas channel 23 is, for example, a cylindrical channel. Among them, the first end 231 of the second gas channel 23 is communicated with the above-mentioned first gas channel 22, and the second end 232 of the second gas channel 23 is communicated with the above-mentioned mixing tank 21.

[0036] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the above-mentioned third gas channel 24 includes a third end 241 and a fourth end 242. The third gas channel 24 is, for example, a cylindrical channel. The third end 241 of the third gas channel 24 penetrates the outer wall of the above-mentioned burner brick 2, and the fourth end 242 of the third gas channel 24 is communicated with the above-mentioned mixing tank 21.

[0037] As Figure 2As shown, the above-mentioned primary combustion assembly 3 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the burner brick 2. The method of arranging the primary combustion assembly 3 on the outer peripheral side of the burner brick 2 is as follows: a first installation groove 26 is provided on the outer side wall of the burner brick 2, and the primary combustion assembly 3 is installed in the first installation groove 26 through fixing parts (such as bolts) or supporting parts (such as support pipes). It is not difficult to understand that the inner side wall of the first installation groove 26 should be adapted to the outer shape of the primary combustion assembly 3, so that the primary combustion assembly 3 can be exactly installed in the first installation groove 26 and does not protrude from the outer side wall of the burner brick 2.

[0038] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the above-mentioned primary combustion assembly 3 includes a primary gas spray head 3, which is arranged opposite to the third end 241 of the third gas passage 24, and there is a gap between the primary gas spray head 3 and the third end 241 of the third gas passage 24. The jet direction of the primary gas spray head 31 is arranged parallel to the extension direction of the third gas passage 24. In other words, a first gas spray hole for spraying fuel gas is provided on the primary gas spray head 31, and the center line of the first gas spray hole coincides with the center line of the third gas passage 24. At the same time, there is a gap between the first gas spray hole and the opening of the third end 241 of the third gas passage 24. In addition, it is not difficult to understand that in order to synchronously spray fuel gas into the furnace 11 of the combustion furnace 11, a second gas jet port can also be provided on the primary gas spray head 31, and the direction of the fuel gas sprayed from the second gas jet port points to the inside of the furnace 11 of the combustion furnace 1.

[0039] Accordingly, a burner provided in this embodiment has a mixing tank 21 with a notch provided on the burner block 2 and communicating with the inside of the furnace 11, a first gas passage 22 penetrating through the burner block 2 along the first direction X1 for introducing combustion-supporting gas into the inside of the furnace 11, a second gas passage 23 with a first end 231 communicating with the first gas passage 22 and a second end 232 communicating with the mixing tank 21, and a third gas passage 24 with a third end 241 penetrating through the outer sidewall of the burner block 2 and a fourth end 242 communicating with the mixing tank 21. At the same time, a primary combustion assembly 3 is provided on the outer sidewall of the burner block 2, and the primary gas nozzle 31 of the primary combustion assembly 3 is disposed opposite to the third end 241 of the third gas passage 24 with a gap therebetween, and the jet direction of the primary gas nozzle 31 is parallel to the extending direction of the third gas passage 24. In this way, during the process of introducing the combustion-supporting gas into the inside of the furnace 11 of the combustion furnace 1 through the first gas passage 22, most of the combustion-supporting gas will directly enter the furnace 11 through the first gas passage 22, and a small part of the combustion-supporting gas will flow into the second gas passage 23 communicating with the first gas passage 22 and be introduced into the mixing tank 21 through the second gas passage 23. At the same time, when the primary gas nozzle 31 injects fuel gas into the third gas passage 24, due to the high flow rate of the fuel gas under the injection action of the primary gas nozzle 31, the pressure at the opening of the third end 241 of the third gas passage 24 and inside the third gas passage 24 will become smaller, and the flue gas in the furnace 11 at this place will be attracted to the opening of the third end 241 of the third gas passage 24, and the fuel gas injected by the primary gas nozzle 31 will enter the inside of the tank body of the mixing tank 21 through the third gas passage 24. At this time, there are simultaneously a small part of the combustion-supporting gas from the second gas passage 23, the fuel gas from the third gas passage 24, and the furnace flue gas in the mixing tank 21, and the three gases are mixed in the mixing tank 21. When the mixed gas in the mixing tank 21 is ignited to form a primary combustion zone S1, due to the mixing of the furnace flue gas, the overall oxygen concentration of the mixed gas is reduced. At this time, the combustion type in the primary combustion zone S1 is oxygen-deficient combustion. Under oxygen-deficient conditions, the fuel gas cannot be completely oxidized, and the heat released by the combustion of unit fuel gas is reduced, thereby reducing the combustion temperature. After the combustion temperature is reduced, it will reduce the reaction rate of the Zeldovich chain reaction, and at the same time, CH free radicals combine with NO X precursors (such as HCN, NH3) to generate N2, inhibiting the generation of NO X , that is, after the combustion temperature is reduced, the generation rate of NO X will be reduced, reducing the emission of NO X , reducing environmental pollution, and at the same time avoiding local overheating and improving the equipment life. And the above burner only modifies the structure of the burner block 2, without the need to additionally set an oxygen supply component or a recirculation combustion component. The structure is simple, and the control process of the combustion temperature is simple and direct, ensuring the reduction of thermal NOX Emission effect.

[0040] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the above burner brick 2 is further provided with a mounting hole 25. The mounting hole 25 penetrates the above burner brick 2 along the first direction X1. An ignition component 4 is installed inside the mounting hole 25, and the ignition component 4 is installed in the mounting hole 25 by means of mechanical connection such as flange or bolt. The ignition component 4 is used to ignite the fuel gas inside the above furnace chamber 11. Exemplarily, the ignition component 4 is a pilot burner, and the pilot burner includes a combustion head component, an ignition and flame transfer component, a detection and feedback component, etc. Among them, the above combustion head component includes a ejector (such as a Venturi ejector), a nozzle and other structures; the ignition and flame transfer component includes an igniter (such as a piezoelectric ceramic), a flame transfer cylinder, a backfire structure, etc.; the detection and feedback component includes a flame detection module (such as an ion probe) and a temperature field monitoring module (such as setting a multimode optical fiber and analyzing the temperature field distribution in real time through Raman scattering), etc.

[0041] It is easy to understand that the above ignition component 4 can also be set in other forms, or other ignition methods can be adopted. For example, an independent pre-combustion chamber is set before the burner; or an auxiliary ignition method (using liquid fuel or solid igniter for ignition) is adopted; or laser-induced ignition is adopted; even manual torch ignition can be adopted. Those skilled in the art can make flexible selections according to actual usage requirements and will not be limited too much here.

[0042] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the above mixing tank 21 is an annular mixing tank 21. The mixing tank 21 is arranged around the above mounting hole 25, that is, the center of the inner circle of the annular mixing tank 21 coincides with the center line of the above mounting hole 25.

[0043] In the above burner, by setting a mounting hole 25 on the burner brick 2 and installing an ignition component 4 in the mounting hole 25, it is convenient to ignite the fuel gas in the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1. At the same time, the mixing tank 21 is set as an annular mixing tank 21 surrounding the mounting hole 25, so that the combustion-supporting gas, the fuel gas and the furnace flue gas can move spirally upward along the side wall of the annular mixing tank 21 after entering the annular mixing tank 21, making the combustion-supporting gas, the fuel gas and the furnace flue gas fully contact and improving the uniformity of the mixing of the three gases.

[0044] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the bottom of the above-mentioned mixing tank 21 is inclined. There is a first included angle a1 between the plane where the bottom of the mixing tank 21 is located and the second direction X2. The second end 232 of the second gas passage 23 communicates with the bottom of the mixing tank 21. At the same time, there is a second included angle a2 between the center line of the second end 232 of the second gas passage 23 and the second direction X2. The angle of the second included angle a2 is the same as the angle of the first included angle a1, and both are acute angles. For example, both are 45° or 30°.

[0045] In the above-mentioned burner, by connecting the second gas passage 23 with the bottom of the mixing tank 21, when the second gas passage 23 introduces combustion-supporting gas into the mixing tank 21, the combustion-supporting gas flows from the bottom of the mixing tank 21 towards the mouth of the mixing tank 21. During the upward flow process, the combustion-supporting gas will inevitably come into contact with the fuel gas and furnace flue gas in the mixing tank 21, ensuring that the three gases can be fully mixed. At the same time, the second gas passage 23 is inclined relative to the second direction X2, so that the combustion-supporting gas has an upward flow trend after being introduced into the mixing tank 21, ensuring that the mixed gas can quickly enter the furnace 11 from the mixing tank 21, avoiding the mixed gas staying in the mixing tank 21 for too long and causing flashback, and ensuring the safety of the combustion process.

[0046] In some embodiments, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As described above, the fourth end 242 of the third gas passage 24 communicates with the tank body of the mixing tank 21. There is a third included angle a3 between the center line of the fourth end 242 of the third gas passage 24 and the second direction X2. The third included angle a3 is also an acute angle, and the angle of the third included angle a3 is smaller than the angle of the second included angle a2. For example, when the angle of the second included angle a2 is 45°, the angle of the third included angle a3 is 30°; another example is that when the angle of the second included angle a2 is 30°, the angle of the third included angle a3 is 20°. Through the above settings, the fuel gas and furnace flue gas have an upward flow trend after being introduced into the mixing tank 21, further ensuring that the mixed gas can quickly enter the furnace 11 from the mixing tank 21, avoiding the mixed gas staying in the mixing tank 21 for too long and causing flashback, and further ensuring the safety of the combustion process.

[0047] In some embodiments, the ratio range of the cross-sectional area of the first gas channel 22 to the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel 23 is 7:3 to 8:2. It is easy to understand that the "cross-sectional area of the first gas channel 22" here refers to the area of the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the first gas channel 22, and the same applies to the "cross-sectional area of the second gas channel 23". Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the gas channel is positively correlated with the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the gas channel, that is, the larger the cross-sectional area of the gas channel, the more the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the gas channel, and the smaller the cross-sectional area of the gas channel, the less the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the gas channel.

[0048] For example, if the ratio is 7:3, the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 accounts for 70% of the total combustion-supporting gas, and the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 accounts for 30% of the total combustion-supporting gas. Another example, if the ratio is 7.25:2.75, the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 accounts for 72.5% of the total combustion-supporting gas, and the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 accounts for 27.5% of the total combustion-supporting gas. Another example, if the ratio is 7.5:2.5, the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 accounts for 75% of the total combustion-supporting gas, and the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 accounts for 25% of the total combustion-supporting gas. Another example, if the ratio is 7.75:2.25, the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 accounts for 77.5% of the total combustion-supporting gas, and the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 accounts for 22.5% of the total combustion-supporting gas. Another example, if the ratio is 8:2, the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 accounts for 80% of the total combustion-supporting gas, and the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 accounts for 20% of the total combustion-supporting gas.

[0049] By setting the cross-sectional area of the first gas channel 22 and the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel 23 in the above manner, the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 and the amount of combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 are both appropriate, which can ensure that both the primary premixed combustion (i.e., the combustion-supporting gas introduced into the second gas channel 23 is ignited after being mixed in the mixing tank 21) and the secondary diffusion combustion (i.e., the combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 directly enters the furnace 11 of the combustion furnace 1 and is ignited) have good combustion effects.

[0050] It is easy to understand that the angles of the above-mentioned first included angle a1, second included angle a2, third included angle a3, and the height of the mixing tank 21 in the first direction X1 can all affect the residence time of the mixed gas in the mixing tank 21. Therefore, those skilled in the art can obtain better angles of the first included angle a1, second included angle a2, third included angle a3, and the height of the mixing tank 21 in the first direction X1 through CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation according to different usage scenarios, and then obtain a safe and stable primary combustion zone S1.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the second end 232 of the second gas passage 23 and the fourth end 242 of the third gas passage 24 are tangentially arranged with the outer side wall of the mixing tank 21 along the same clockwise direction. That is, both the second end 232 of the second gas passage 23 and the fourth end 242 of the third gas passage 24 are tangentially arranged with the outer side wall of the mixing tank 21 in the clockwise direction, or both the second end 232 of the second gas passage 23 and the fourth end 242 of the third gas passage 24 are tangentially arranged with the outer side wall of the mixing tank 21 in the counterclockwise direction.

[0052] Through the above settings, the airflow (i.e., combustion-supporting gas) introduced into the interior of the mixing tank 21 through the second end 232 of the second intake passage and the airflow (i.e., fuel gas and furnace flue gas) introduced into the interior of the mixing tank 21 through the fourth end 242 of the third intake passage can be injected into the mixing tank 21 along the same rotation direction to form a swirling flow. Under the action of the swirling flow, the movement trajectories of the fuel gas, combustion-supporting gas, and furnace flue gas are spiral, extending the mixing path and effective contact time of the three gases, and making the mixing of the three gases more uniform. Under the action of the swirling flow, the fuel agglomerates can be sheared and broken, reducing the standard deviation of the equivalence ratio distribution and enhancing the spatial homogenization level of the fuel-combustion-supporting gas mixing in the combustion system, thereby enhancing the completeness of combustion. At the same time, under the action of the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, macroscopic pre-separation of the fuel (fuel gas) and the oxidizer (combustion-supporting gas) can be achieved, forming a radial concentration gradient with heavy fuel adhering to the wall and light oxidizer approaching the axis. This layering is equivalent to "pre-arranging" the fuel and the oxidizer to the optimal reaction distance, avoiding local over-concentrated or over-dilute regions caused by random collisions in direct injection mixing. Further, between the concentration gradient layers formed by the layering, the shear vortices generated by the swirling flow will trigger turbulent mixing. The amplified concentration gradient at the vortex interface increases the molecular diffusion rate, and the internal recirculation zone formed within the swirling flow can repeatedly entrain fuel particles into the oxidizer-rich region, realizing cyclic enhanced combustion. In addition, the layering process and the mixing reaction have different time scales. The centrifugal layering is completed in milliseconds, while the turbulent mixing and chemical reaction are in the order of 10 ms to 100 ms. This time difference enables the combustion system to first complete component positioning and then concentrate energy for efficient reaction, avoiding energy dissipation caused by disordered collisions occurring simultaneously in traditional mixing and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the above-mentioned first gas passage 22 includes a conical sub-passage 221 and a cylindrical sub-passage 222. Among them, the conical sub-passage 221 includes a fifth end 2211 and a sixth end 2212, and the cross-sectional area of the fifth end 2211 is smaller than that of the sixth end 2212. The fifth end 2211 is in communication with the interior of the furnace 11, and the sixth end 2212 is in communication with the cylindrical sub-passage 222. The first end 231 of the above-mentioned second gas passage 23 is communicated with one end of the cylindrical sub-passage 222 close to the sixth end 2212.

[0054] Specifically, taking Figure 1Taking the shown perspective as an example, the lower half of the first gas channel 22 is a cylindrical sub-channel 222, and the upper half is a conical sub-channel 221 (i.e., a convergent nozzle structure). The upper end of the conical sub-channel 221 is the fifth end 2211, and the lower end is the sixth end 2212. The cross-sectional area of the fifth end 2211 is smaller than that of the sixth end 2212. In other words, the cross-sectional area of the conical sub-channel 221 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas will increase as the cross-sectional area of the upper half (conical sub-channel 221) of the first gas channel 22 decreases. By setting it in this way, the flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas flowing through the first gas channel 22 can be increased, a turbulent effect can be formed, the full mixing of the combustion-supporting gas and the fuel gas can be promoted, the disturbance effect of the combustion reaction can be enhanced, and the uniform contact between the combustion-supporting air and the fuel gas can be ensured, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. At the same time, the first end 231 of the second gas channel 23 is communicated with the upper end of the cylindrical sub-channel 222 (i.e., the end close to the sixth end 2212 of the conical sub-channel 221). In this way, when the combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas channel 22 flows from the cylindrical sub-channel 222 to the conical sub-channel 221, due to the decrease in the cross-sectional area of the conical sub-channel 221, part of the combustion-supporting gas will be forced to flow to the first end 231 close to the sixth end 2212 of the conical sub-channel 221, ensuring that part of the combustion-supporting gas can flow smoothly into the second gas channel 23, and further ensuring that the gas mixing process in the mixing tank 21 can proceed smoothly.

[0055] It is not difficult to understand that the structures of the second gas channel 23 and the third gas channel 24 can also be set with reference to the structure of the first gas channel 22. That is, the first end 231 of the second gas channel 23 is set as a cylindrical channel, and the second end 232 of the second gas channel 23 is set as a conical channel; the third end 241 of the third gas channel 24 is set as a cylindrical channel, and the fourth end 242 of the third gas channel 24 is set as a conical channel. By setting it in this way, the flow rates of the gas (combustion-supporting gas) flowing through the second gas channel 23 and the gas (fuel gas and furnace flue gas) flowing through the third gas channel 24 can be increased, a turbulent effect can be formed, the full mixing of the three gases can be further promoted, the uniform contact of the three gases can be ensured, and the combustion efficiency can be further improved.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the number of the above-mentioned first gas channels 22 is multiple, and the multiple first gas channels 22 are arranged at equal intervals around the above-mentioned mixing tank 21. For example, the number of the first gas channels 22 is 4, and the 4 first gas channels 22 are arranged at equal intervals around the above-mentioned mixing tank 21. In other words, the above-mentioned 4 first gas channels 22 take the axis of the above-mentioned burner brick 2 as the rotation axis and 90° as the pitch angle, and are arranged in a circular array. Another example is that the number of the first gas channels 22 is 6, and the 6 first gas channels 22 are arranged at equal intervals around the above-mentioned mixing tank 21. That is to say, the above-mentioned 6 first gas channels 22 take the axis of the above-mentioned burner brick 2 as the rotation axis and 60° as the pitch angle, and are arranged in a circular array. Through the multiple first intake channels arranged at equal intervals around the mixing tank 21, the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting gas can be further mixed more evenly. At the same time, the uniform intake design can effectively control the combustion stability and the flame shape, avoid too high local temperature, and optimize the heat transfer efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, a plurality of first mounting grooves 26 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer side wall of the above-mentioned burner brick 2. Correspondingly, the number of the above-mentioned primary combustion assemblies 3 is also multiple. For example, the number of the primary combustion assemblies 3 is 4. The number of the primary combustion assemblies 3 is equal to the number of the first mounting grooves 26. The multiple primary combustion assemblies 3 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple first mounting grooves 26. When carrying out the combustion work, by using the multiple primary combustion assemblies 3 arranged at equal intervals on the outer side wall of the burner brick 2 to simultaneously introduce fuel gas into the mixing tank 21, the mixing speed of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting gas can be accelerated, and the uniformity of the mixing of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting gas can be improved. And a plurality of first mounting grooves 26 are arranged corresponding to the multiple primary combustion assemblies 3, which can respectively provide mounting positions for the multiple primary combustion assemblies 3, avoid the primary combustion assemblies 3 protruding from the outer side wall of the burner brick 2, and facilitate the installation of the burner brick 2 inside the furnace 11 of the combustion furnace 1.

[0058] In some embodiments, in combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the above-mentioned burner further includes a secondary combustion assembly 5. The secondary combustion assembly 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the burner brick 2. The above-mentioned secondary combustion assembly 5 includes a secondary gas spray head 51, and the jet direction of the secondary gas spray head 51 is arranged at an angle with the jet direction of the above-mentioned primary gas spray head 31. Here, the angle between the two is, for example, 45° or 60° or 75°. In other words, taking Figure 1Taking the shown perspective as an example, there is an included angle between the jetting direction of the secondary gas nozzle 51 and the first direction X1, or in other words, the jetting direction of the secondary gas nozzle 51 is parallel to the outer peripheral side wall of the upper half part (i.e., the frustum-shaped structure) of the burner block 2. The jetting direction of the secondary gas nozzle 51 of the secondary combustion assembly 5 points to the inside of the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1. The secondary gas nozzle 51 of the secondary combustion assembly 5 and the primary gas nozzle 31 of the above-mentioned primary combustion assembly 3 can perform jetting actions simultaneously. Exemplarily, when the combustion-supporting gas is introduced through the first gas passage 22, a small part of the combustion-supporting gas will enter the mixing tank 21 through the second gas passage 23, and most of the combustion-supporting gas will continue to enter the inside of the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1 along the first gas passage 22; when the combustion action starts, the primary gas nozzle 31 of the primary combustion assembly 3 injects fuel gas into the third gas passage 24, and the fuel gas injected by the primary combustion assembly 3 enters the mixing tank 21 to be mixed with the combustion-supporting gas, and after being ignited by the ignition assembly 4, a primary combustion zone S1 is formed. At the same time, the secondary gas nozzle 51 of the secondary combustion assembly 5 injects fuel gas into the inside of the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1, and the fuel gas injected by the secondary combustion assembly 5 is mixed with the combustion-supporting gas introduced into the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1 through the first gas passage 22, and after being ignited by the flame of the primary combustion zone S1, a secondary combustion zone S2 is formed. Through the above settings, the primary combustion assembly 3 can be used to form a primary combustion zone S1 inside the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1, and the secondary combustion assembly 5 can be used to form a secondary combustion zone S2 inside the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1. The combustion temperature of the primary combustion zone S1 is relatively low, which can directly reduce the emission of NO X emissions, and the secondary combustion zone S2 is formed at the flame tail of the primary combustion zone S1. The fuel gas is dispersed in a larger space volume inside the furnace chamber 11 through the turbulent vortices at the flame tail, which helps the complete combustion of the fuel gas and at the same time avoids the generation of a high-temperature concentration area. And reducing the generation of the high-temperature concentration area can also reduce the generation rate of NO X emissions, reduce the emission of NO X emissions, and at the same time avoid local overheating, further reducing environmental pollution and increasing the service life of the equipment.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, a plurality of second mounting grooves 27 are evenly spaced on the outer sidewall of the above-mentioned burner block 2. Correspondingly, the number of the above-mentioned secondary combustion assemblies 5 is also a plurality. For example, the number of the secondary combustion assemblies 5 is 4. The number of the secondary combustion assemblies 5 is equal to the number of the second mounting grooves 27. The plurality of secondary combustion assemblies 5 and the plurality of second mounting grooves 27 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. When carrying out the combustion work, by using the plurality of secondary combustion assemblies 5 evenly spaced on the outer sidewall of the burner block 2 to simultaneously introduce fuel gas into the inner part of the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1, the mixing speed of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting gas can be increased, and the uniformity of the mixing of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting gas can be improved. And a plurality of second mounting grooves 27 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of secondary combustion assemblies 5, which can respectively provide mounting positions for the plurality of secondary combustion assemblies 5, prevent the secondary combustion assemblies 5 from protruding from the outer sidewall of the burner block 2, and facilitate the installation of the burner block 2 in the furnace chamber 11 of the combustion furnace 1.

[0060] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the introduction of the combustion-supporting gas into the first gas passage 22, the above-mentioned burner further includes a combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6. Taking Figure 1 the perspective shown as an example, the combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6 is arranged below the burner block 2 of the burner and is communicated with the above-mentioned first gas passage 22. It is easy to understand that when the number of the above-mentioned first gas passages 22 is 1, the combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6 is directly communicated with the first gas passage 22. When the number of the above-mentioned first gas passages 22 is a plurality, the combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6 includes a main pipeline 61 and a plurality of branch pipelines 62. The number of the branch pipelines 62 should be the same as the number of the first gas passages 22. The plurality of branch pipelines 62 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first gas passages 22. Among them, the main pipeline 61 is communicated with the gas source. One end of the branch pipeline 62 is communicated with the main pipeline 61, and the other end is communicated with the first gas passage 22. And the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of branch pipelines 62 are all the same, so that the amount of the combustion-supporting gas introduced into each first gas passage 22 can be ensured to be the same, and the uniform distribution of the combustion-supporting gas is realized. And by the above setting, the distribution of the combustion-supporting gas into the first gas passage 22 can be realized, which can facilitate the flexible control of the combustion-supporting gas introduced into the first gas passage 22 (for example, intelligent control components such as an electric regulating valve, a flow monitoring module or a flow velocity monitoring module can be additionally arranged on the combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline 6), and the practicability of the above-mentioned burner is improved.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A burner for providing heat to a combustion furnace (1), the burner comprising a burner block (2) at least partially located inside a furnace chamber (11) of the combustion furnace (1), characterized in that, The burner block (2) is provided with: A mixing tank (21), the notch of the mixing tank (21) being in communication with the interior of the furnace chamber (11); A first gas passage (22) running through the burner block (2) along a first direction (X1) for introducing combustion-supporting gas into the interior of the furnace chamber (11); A second gas passage (23), including a first end (231) and a second end (232); the first end (231) being in communication with the first gas passage (22), and the second end (232) being in communication with the mixing tank (21); A third gas passage (24), including a third end (241) and a fourth end (242); the third end (241) passing through the outer side wall of the burner block (2), and the fourth end (242) being in communication with the mixing tank (21); The burner further includes: A primary combustion assembly (3) provided on the outer peripheral side of the burner block (2); the primary combustion assembly (3) includes a primary gas spray head (3); the primary gas spray head (3) is disposed opposite to the third end (241) with a gap therebetween; the jetting direction of the primary gas spray head (31) is parallel to the extending direction of the third gas passage (24).

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burner block (2) is further provided with a mounting hole (25); the mounting hole (25) runs through the burner block (2) along the first direction (X1); an ignition assembly (4) is installed in the mounting hole (25) for igniting the fuel gas inside the furnace chamber (11); The mixing tank (21) is an annular mixing tank (21), and the mixing tank (21) is disposed around the mounting hole (25).

3. The burner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second end (232) and the fourth end (242) are tangentially disposed with the outer side wall of the mixing tank (21) along the same clockwise direction.

4. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first gas passages (22) is multiple, and the multiple first gas passages (22) are evenly spaced around the mixing tank (21).

5. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gas passage (22) includes a conical sub-passage (221) and a cylindrical sub-passage (222); the conical sub-passage (221) includes a fifth end (2211) and a sixth end (2212), and the cross-sectional area of the fifth end (2211) is smaller than that of the sixth end (2212); the fifth end (2211) is in communication with the interior of the furnace chamber (11), and the sixth end (2212) is in communication with the cylindrical sub-passage (222); The first end (231) is communicated with one end of the cylindrical sub-passage (222) close to the sixth end (2212).

6. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: A secondary combustion assembly (5) provided on the outer peripheral side of the burner block (2); the secondary combustion assembly (5) includes a secondary gas spray head (51), and the jetting direction of the secondary gas spray head (51) is at an angle with the jetting direction of the primary gas spray head (31); the secondary gas spray head (51) and the primary gas spray head (31) can perform jetting actions simultaneously.

7. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mixing tank (21) is inclined, and there is a first included angle (a1) between the plane where the bottom is located and the second direction (X2); the second direction (X2) is at an included angle with the first direction (X1). The second end (232) is communicated with the bottom of the mixing tank (21); there is a second included angle (a2) between the center line of the second end (232) and the second direction (X2); the angle of the second included angle (a2) is the same as the angle of the first included angle (a1), and both are acute angles.

8. The burner according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fourth end (242) is communicated with the tank body of the mixing tank (21); there is a third included angle (a3) between the center line of the fourth end (242) and the second direction (X2); the angle of the third included angle (a3) is smaller than the angle of the second included angle (a2).

9. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The ratio range of the cross-sectional area of the first gas channel (22) to the cross-sectional area of the second gas channel (23) is 7:3 to 8:

2.

10. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It further includes a combustion-supporting gas distribution pipeline (6) communicated with the first gas channel (22).

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