Intelligent glass tube air preheater

Abstract

An intelligent glass tube air preheater comprises an air preheater body which is provided with a hot flue gas inlet, a hot air outlet, a cold air inlet, a cold flue gas outlet, a plurality of heat exchange modules, a bridging air duct, a cold flue gas outlet header, an on-site thermometer, a glass tube, a spoiler and a stainless steel tube cap. The glass tube serves as a low-temperature section heat exchange element, spoilers are arranged in the glass tube, and the heat transfer coefficient of an inner film is increased. A guide plate is arranged in the body inner cavity on the lower portion of the hot smoke inlet, a bridging air duct guide plate is arranged in the bridging air duct inner cavity, and a plurality of on-site thermometers are longitudinally arranged on the outer side of the hot air outlet. According to the load of the heating furnace and the pressure and flow of fluid, the direction of the rotating guide plate is adjusted by rotating the handle, so that the fluid in the whole air preheater is distributed more uniformly, heat exchange is more uniform, the heat exchange efficiency of the whole air preheater is improved, the dew point corrosion risk is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heating furnaces and relates to an intelligent glass tube air preheater. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of heating furnaces towards large-scale, the size of air preheaters has also been continuously increasing. In existing large air preheaters, the internal heat exchange modules are extremely prone to air flow deviation. This is manifested as a faster flow rate in the middle area and a slower flow rate around, thus forming an air flow "dead zone". In the air flow "dead zone", the heat exchange surface cannot play its heat exchange role, resulting in the ineffective utilization of the heat exchange surface of the air preheater and causing waste of resources. In addition, due to uneven heat exchange, the flue gas and air cannot fully exchange heat, resulting in an increase in the exhaust gas temperature, which undoubtedly also causes waste of energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide an intelligent glass tube air preheater, which can effectively avoid air flow deviation in the internal heat exchange module, reduce the generation of air flow "dead zones", and maximize the utilization rate of the heat exchange surface. At the same time, glass tubes are used as heat exchange modules in the low-temperature section, which can effectively resist acid dew point corrosion; heat transfer turbulators are arranged on the air side inside the glass tubes, which can improve the heat transfer coefficient of the inner film of the glass tubes of the air preheater.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The intelligent glass tube air preheater includes an air preheater body, on which there are a hot flue gas inlet, a hot air outlet, a cold air inlet, a cold flue gas outlet, a plurality of heat exchange modules, a crossover duct, a cold flue gas outlet header, a field thermometer, glass tubes, turbulators, and stainless steel tube caps.

[0006] Deflector setting: In the inner cavity between the heat exchange modules and in the inner cavity below the hot flue gas inlet of the air preheater body, deflectors are provided. The deflector consists of a fixed deflector, a rotating deflector, a sealed bearing, and a handle. The fixed deflector is fixed in the inner cavity at its position; the rotating deflector is connected to the rotating shaft in the inner cavity at its position, and both ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the outer wall of the device through sealed bearings, and one end extends out of the outer wall of the device and is equipped with a handle. By rotating the handle, the rotating deflector can be driven to rotate. In addition, the deflectors below the hot flue gas inlet and between the plurality of heat exchange modules are arranged in a plurality of parallel and spaced ways. The fixed deflector and the rotating deflector are in a sawtooth shape and are provided with ventilation holes thereon to strengthen air flow mixing. The handle is provided with a clamping device for fixing the position of the rotating deflector after rotation. The setting of the deflector can adjust the flow uniformity of the gas on the flue gas side plane of the air preheater body. Combining with the adjustment function of the crossover duct, according to the temperature feedback signal of the thermometer, when the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater is adjusted to the lowest and the air flow is the most uniform, the deflector is in the best position.

[0007] Cross - connecting air duct design: The inner cavity of the cross - connecting air duct is provided with a cross - connecting air duct flow - guiding plate, whose function is to adjust the air flow uniformity in the cross - connecting air duct. According to the feedback signals of multiple on - site thermometers longitudinally arranged outside the hot air outlet, the flow - guiding plate on the cross - connecting air duct is intelligently adjusted to make the temperature of the hot air outlet of the air preheater reach the maximum value. At this time, the air flow is the most uniform and the flow - guiding plate is in the best position.

[0008] Low - temperature heat - exchange element: The glass tube is used as the heat - exchange element in the low - temperature section. Turbulence promoters are installed inside the tube to increase the heat transfer coefficient of the inner wall. The turbulence promoters are made of thin steel plates wound and welded on round steel, and the two ends of the round steel are processed with threads. The stainless - steel tube cap is composed of two stainless - steel rings connected by three connecting plates. The inner diameter of the outer ring is larger than that of the glass tube, and the inner diameter of the inner ring is larger than that of the round steel with fins. The glass tube, the turbulence promoters and the stainless - steel tube cap are connected together by nuts. After tightening the nuts, the turbulence promoters are located at the center of the glass tube and do not contact the glass tube.

[0009] Other configurations: Alkaline balls are installed in the cold flue gas outlet header to neutralize the acidic water generated by the flue gas, so that the flue gas condensate meets the discharge standard. A wire mesh demister is installed at the cold flue gas outlet. It can not only remove the water droplets in the flue gas, avoid the vibration and damage of the induced draft fan caused by the water droplets hitting the blades of the induced draft fan, protect the induced draft fan, but also make the hot and cold flue gases mix evenly.

[0010] The staff can observe the adjustment effect of the flow - guiding plate according to the on - site thermometer and the gas outlet temperature. Since multiple on - site thermometers are installed in the inner cavity of each heat - exchange module, the angle of the flow - guiding plate is adjusted according to the displayed values of the thermometers. When the exhaust gas temperature reaches the lowest value, the flow - guiding plate is at the best angle. The present invention can adjust the direction of the rotating flow - guiding plate by turning the handle according to the load of the heating furnace and the pressure and flow rate of the fluid, making the fluid distribution inside the whole air preheater more uniform, the heat exchange more sufficient, thereby improving the heat - exchange efficiency of the whole air preheater, reducing the risk of dew - point corrosion and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed flow - guiding plate and the rotating flow - guiding plate are in a saw - tooth shape.

[0012] Furthermore, ventilation holes are opened on the fixed flow - guiding plate and the rotating flow - guiding plate, which can strengthen the mixing of the air flow. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the turbulence promoter inside the glass tube

[0016] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the deflector of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the handle of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the ventilation hole of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1 fixed deflector; 2 rotating deflector; 3 rotating shaft; 4 sealing bearing; 5 handle; 6 air preheater body; 7 alkaline balls; 8 wire mesh demister; 9 on-site thermometer; 10 ventilation hole; 11 glass tube; 12 turbulator; 13 stainless steel tube cap; 14 nut. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Overall layout: Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown in the figure, the present invention includes an air preheater body, a hot flue gas inlet, a hot air outlet, a cold air inlet, a cold flue gas outlet, a plurality of heat exchange modules, a cross-connecting air duct, a cold flue gas outlet header, an on-site thermometer, a glass tube, a turbulator, a stainless steel tube cap, and a nut on it. Inside the cavity of the air preheater body 6 below the hot flue gas inlet, a plurality of deflectors are provided. Inside the cavity of the air preheater body 6 between a plurality of heat exchange modules, a plurality of deflectors are provided. Inside the cavity of the cross-connecting air duct, a deflector is provided. Inside each heat exchange module cavity and longitudinally outside the hot air outlet, a plurality of on-site thermometers 9 are installed.

[0021] Deflector installation: Combining Figure 4 、 Figure 5 , the deflector is composed of a fixed deflector 1, a rotating deflector 2, a sealing bearing 4, and a handle 5. Both ends of the fixed deflector 1 are fixed to the inner cavity of the equipment at the corresponding position. The rotating deflector 2 is connected to the rotating shaft 3 in the inner cavity at the corresponding position. Both ends of the rotating shaft 3 are connected to the outer wall of the equipment by means of the sealing bearing 4. One end of it extends out of the outer wall of the equipment and a handle 5 is installed. Rotating the handle 5 can drive the rotating deflector 2 to rotate.

[0022] Glass tube heat exchange module: Combining Figure 3 , the low-temperature heat exchange module uses a glass tube 11 as a heat exchange element, and turbulators 12 are installed inside the glass tube to increase the inner film heat transfer coefficient. The turbulator is made of a thin steel plate wound and welded on a round steel, and both ends of the round steel have threads. The stainless steel tube cap 13 is composed of two stainless steel rings connected by three connecting plates. The inner diameter of the outer ring is larger than that of the glass tube, and the inner diameter of the inner ring is larger than that of the round steel with the winding. The glass tube 11, the turbulator 12, and the stainless steel tube cap 13 are connected together by nuts. Tightening the nut 14 makes the turbulator located at the center of the glass tube and not in contact with the glass tube.

[0023] Other components: The fixed deflector 1 and the rotating deflector 2 are in a sawtooth shape, and ventilation holes 10 are opened on them (refer to Figure 6), so as to strengthen the air flow mixing. The handle 5 is provided with a clamping device for fixing the position of the rotating deflector 2 after rotation. The cold flue gas outlet header is filled with alkaline balls 7 for neutralizing the acidic water generated by the flue gas, so that the flue gas condensate meets the discharge standard. A wire mesh demister 8 is provided at the cold flue gas outlet, which can remove the water droplets in the flue gas and protect the induced draft fan.

Claims

1. An intelligent glass tube air preheater, characterized in that, It includes the air preheater body, on which there are arranged a hot flue gas inlet, a hot air outlet, a cold air inlet, a cold flue gas outlet, multiple heat exchange modules, a crossover duct, a cold flue gas outlet header, on-site thermometers, glass tubes, turbulators, and stainless steel tube caps; The glass tubes serve as low-temperature heat exchange elements. The glass tubes are internally provided with turbulators to increase the heat transfer coefficient of the inner membrane; The turbulators are thin steel plates wound and welded on round steel. The two ends of the round steel are threaded; the stainless steel tube caps are two stainless steel rings connected together by three connecting plates. The inner diameter of the outer ring is larger than that of the glass tube, and the inner diameter of the inner ring is larger than that of the round steel with fins; the glass tube, turbulators, and stainless steel tube caps are connected together by nuts. By tightening the nuts, the turbulators are centered in the glass tube without contacting the glass tube; A flow deflector is arranged in the inner cavity of the body below the hot flue gas inlet to adjust whether the gas flow on the flue gas side plane of the air preheater body is uniform. Combined with the adjustment of the crossover duct, the exhaust gas temperature of the air preheater is minimized; Flow deflectors are arranged in the inner cavity of the body between the heat exchange modules, and multiple on-site thermometers are arranged in the inner cavity of each heat exchange module; A crossover duct flow deflector is arranged in the inner cavity of the crossover duct to adjust whether the air flow in the crossover duct is uniform; Multiple on-site thermometers are longitudinally arranged outside the hot air outlet.

2. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, wherein The flow deflector includes a fixed flow deflector, a rotating flow deflector, a sealed bearing, and a handle; the fixed flow deflector is fixed in the inner cavity at its location, and the rotating flow deflector is connected to a rotating shaft in the inner cavity at its location; both ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the outer wall of the device at its location through sealed bearings, and one end of it extends out of the outer wall of the device at its location and is provided with a handle. By rotating the handle, the rotating flow deflector can be driven to rotate.

3. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that The flow deflectors in the inner cavity of the air preheater body below the hot flue gas inlet and the flow deflectors in the inner cavity of the air preheater body between multiple heat exchange modules are respectively multiple and arranged side by side and at intervals.

4. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, wherein The fixed flow deflector and the rotating flow deflector are in a sawtooth shape.

5. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, wherein Vent holes are opened on the fixed flow deflector and the rotating flow deflector to strengthen the mixing of the air flow.

6. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that A positioning device is arranged on the handle to fix the position of the rotating flow deflector after rotation.

7. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that Alkaline balls are installed in the cold flue gas outlet header to neutralize the acidic water generated by the flue gas, so that the flue gas condensate meets the discharge standard.

8. The intelligent glass tube air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that A wire mesh demister is arranged on the cold flue gas outlet to remove the water droplets in the flue gas at the wire mesh, avoid the water droplets hitting the blades of the induced draft fan, causing vibration and damage to the induced draft fan, play a role in protecting the induced draft fan behind the flue gas, and can also make the hot and cold flue gases mix evenly, playing the role of a mixer.

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