Full-automatic layered settlement meter and measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-automatic layered settlement meter and a measuring method, the full-automatic layered settlement meter comprises a settlement pipe, a magnetic settlement ring is sleeved on the settlement pipe, the top of the settlement pipe is provided with a control unit and a motion unit, the motion unit comprises a driving wheel and a driving module, the driving wheel is wound with a driving rope, the driving rope is provided with a sensor, and the sensor moves up and down along the settlement pipe. A driving wheel is arranged at the top of the sedimentation pipe, a follower wheel is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation pipe, the driving rope is connected end to end to form a ring, one end of the driving rope is sleeved on the driving wheel, the other end of the driving rope is sleeved on the follower wheel, and the sensor is mounted on the driving rope and reciprocates between the driving wheel and the follower wheel. A take-up wheel for take-up and pay-off of a cable or a mooring rope is abandoned, the overall size of the settlement meter is reduced, the overall energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced due to the fact that the balancing weight is not pulled to move up and down, the overall power consumption is reduced, the equipment size is reduced, and installation and protection are easy; and meanwhile, the problem of measurement errors caused by time lapse or working condition change in measurement is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring, and more specifically to a fully automatic layer settlement meter. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering monitoring, layer settlement meters are often used to monitor the relative settlement between different depths inside the soil mass and the outside, and are mainly applied to the monitoring of buildings such as slopes, foundations, highway embankments, bridges, dams, etc.

[0003] Currently, electromagnetic layer settlement meters are mainly used for layer settlement monitoring, which utilize the principle of electromagnetic induction for measurement. The specific process is as follows: First, a settlement tube is buried in the soil body, and magnetic settlement rings are sleeved at different depths outside the settlement tube. In addition, an electromagnetic probe with a certain weight is suspended by a graduated cable and moves up and down in the settlement tube. When the probe reaches the position of the settlement ring, the probe transmits a signal to the induction device on the ground through the cable, and the induction device gives an audible and visual alarm. Then, the reading on the cable is manually read to obtain the position of the settlement ring, and thus the settlement data at different positions is obtained. This method requires manual operation, reading, and recording, with high labor intensity, low efficiency, and large errors.

[0004] There are also some automatic layer settlement meters that use a motor to drive the cable to move, thereby driving the electromagnetic probe to move up and down in the settlement tube to achieve the purpose of automatic measurement, such as CN208780181 U, CN103196421A, etc.

[0005] There are some drawbacks in the fully automatic layer settlement meters in the prior art:

[0006] 1. Configuring a wire reel to wind and unwind the cable or cable rope makes the settlement meter large in size, squeezing the construction space on site and being unfavorable for on-site protection.

[0007] 2. The power consumption for winding and unwinding the cable is large, and for a layer settlement meter powered by a sensor power module, it cannot support long-term standby operation. In order to enable the detection element of the settlement meter to smoothly fall to the lower part of the settlement tube, the weight of the detection element will be increased, which will inevitably bring about repeated work for the up and down movement, greatly increasing the power consumption of the sensor power module.

[0008] 3. The measurement probe is inside the tube and will shake or rotate, resulting in a change in the relative position between it and the settlement ring when it senses the settlement ring, leading to errors in the measured data.

[0009] 4. During the measurement process, the magnetic properties of the magnet of the settlement ring, the sensitivity of the induction element, and the change in the installation angle between the settlement ring and the settlement tube will all cause certain errors in the measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, this fully automatic layered sedimentation instrument combines precise mechanical design with an advanced electronic control system to achieve efficient, accurate, and stable control of the sedimentation process. At the same time, intelligent monitoring and debugging means improve the convenience of equipment use and the reliability of data. It is applicable to various experimental and production environments that require layered sedimentation, with broad application prospects and significant market competitiveness.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, mainly including:

[0012] A fully automatic layered sedimentation instrument, including a sedimentation tube, with magnetic sedimentation rings sleeved at different depths outside the sedimentation tube. A control unit and a motion unit are installed at the top of the sedimentation tube. The motion unit includes a driving wheel and a driving module. The driving wheel is installed on the output shaft of the driving module. A driving rope is wound around the driving wheel, and a sensor is installed on the driving rope. The sensor moves up and down along the sedimentation tube. It is characterized in that:

[0013] A driving wheel is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tube, and a follower wheel is arranged at the bottom. The driving rope is connected end to end to form a loop. One end of the driving rope is sleeved on the driving wheel, and the other end is sleeved on the follower wheel. The sensor is installed on the driving rope on the same side and reciprocates between the driving wheel and the follower wheel.

[0014] Beneficial effects: Through the coordinated work of the control unit and the motion unit, the full automation of the sedimentation process is realized, reducing the dependence on manual operation and improving work efficiency; the automated system can operate stably for a long time, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the experimental or production process.

[0015] On the other hand, by abandoning the configuration of a cable or rope winding wheel for taking in and paying out, the overall volume of the sedimentation instrument is reduced. Using a fixed pulley reduces the work required to pull the measuring sensor to move, and since the counterweight block does not move up and down, the overall energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced. Overall, the power consumption is reduced, the equipment volume is decreased, and it is easy to install and protect.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the control unit includes a control main board, a host communication module, a power module, a charging and transmitting module, and a debugging APP module; the modules are electrically connected; the control main board issues a motion command to the motion unit and receives the detection signal feedback from the motion unit; the control main board sends tasks to the sensor through the host communication module and reads the data measured by the sensor.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The multi-functional control unit: includes a control main board, a communication module, a power module, a charging module, and a debugging APP module. The modules are electrically connected to ensure the efficient coordinated work of the system.

[0018] Real-time data acquisition and processing: The control main board can send task instructions to the sensors and read the sensor data in real time, and realizes the fast transmission and processing of data through the host communication module, improving the accuracy and real-time performance of the data.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the motion unit includes a driving module, a displacement monitoring module, a reference point limit switch, a driving wheel, a coding wheel, a driving rope, and a counterweight block with a follower wheel;

[0020] Among them, the displacement detection module is used to detect the wire release distance, including an encoder and a driving circuit, which is connected to the coding wheel through a coupling. The movement of the driving rope drives the coding wheel to rotate, and the encoder outputs a pulse signal. The control main board collects the pulse signal and calculates the movement distance of the sensor through a conversion algorithm and a correction algorithm;

[0021] The reference point limit switch is used to locate the measurement basic position of the system, and it consists of a pair of photoelectric tubes and a light spot driving circuit;

[0022] The driving module includes a driving circuit and a motor, which is used to receive the motion instruction of the control main board, generate a pulse signal to drive the motor to rotate, and drive the driving wheel to rotate through the motor;

[0023] A counterweight block is arranged on the follower wheel to straighten the driving rope.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Displacement detection module: Through the encoder and the driving circuit, combined with the movement of the driving rope, high-precision monitoring of the sensor displacement is realized. The control main board calculates the actual movement distance of the sensor through an algorithm to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0025] Reference point limit switch: Using photoelectric tubes and a light spot driving circuit, accurately locate the reference point of the measurement to ensure the stability and reliability of the measurement reference of the whole system.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the sensor includes a sensor main board, a magnetic induction chip, a sensor power module, a sensor communication module, a protective shell, an installation support rod, a guiding limit wheel, a driving rope fixing device, and a connecting device;

[0027] The connecting device is used to hang the driving rope and connect it to the protective shell;

[0028] The protective shell is used to protect the electronic components, one end of which is connected to the connecting device and the other end is connected to the installation support rod;

[0029] The installation support rod is equipped with a protective shell, two groups of guiding limit wheels, and a driving rope fixing device is installed at the bottom, which can connect the driving rope;

[0030] The sensor power supply module is used to provide a stable DC power supply for the system, and is equipped with an energy-saving module, a rechargeable battery, a charging receiving coil and a charging control module;

[0031] The sensor main board communicates with the control unit through the sensor communication module.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the guiding and limiting wheel is composed of a roller bracket, a pair of rollers and an elastic snap ring. The rollers are installed at both ends of the roller bracket, and the center position of the roller bracket is fixed on the installation support rod through a bearing.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the settlement pipe is made of plastic or aluminum alloy, and a pair of guiding grooves are provided inside the pipe, and the guiding grooves are symmetric about the axis.

[0034] Beneficial effects: The following problems are solved: The measurement probe is inside the pipe and will shake or rotate, resulting in a change in the relative position with the settlement ring when it senses the settlement ring, resulting in errors in the measured data;

[0035] Effectively limit the position of the measurement probe to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0036] A measurement method using the layered settlement instrument includes the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: The control main board 12 drives the motion unit 2, and combines with the reference point limit switch 25 to move the measurement sensor 3 to the reference point;

[0038] Step 2: The control main board 12 establishes communication with the measurement sensor 3 and sends the measurement task to the measurement sensor 3;

[0039] Step 3: The control main board 12 synchronizes the time with the measurement sensor 3 and starts the task at the same time;

[0040] Step 4: The control unit 1 drives the motion unit 2 to slowly lower the measurement sensor 3 to the bottom of the settlement pipe 4;

[0041] Step 5: The control unit 1 drives the motion unit 2 to slowly pull up the measurement sensor 3 to the reference point;

[0042] Step 6: During this period, the control main board 12 samples and records the position information of the sensor 3 at each moment; the measurement sensor 3 senses each settlement ring 5 and records the passing moment when passing through the settlement ring 5;

[0043] Step 7: When the sensor 3 returns to the reference point, the control main board 12 establishes a communication connection with the measurement sensor 3 and reads the measured data;

[0044] Step 8: The control main board 12 processes the data and sends the result data to the cloud server;

[0045] Step 9: Complete a measurement task, and the control main board 12 controls the entire system to enter the sleep state, waiting for the next measurement to start.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the position where the settlement ring is located is obtained by using the following function:

[0047] h = f(t) = TmapH(T) + v(T) * (t - T)

[0048] where h represents the position of the settlement ring, t represents the moment when the settlement ring is detected, T represents the starting moment of the time interval corresponding to t, and v(T) represents the average speed of the sensor in the T interval; TmapH() is a look-up table function that looks up the position of the sensor at time T recorded by the main board.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, let h 下 be the initial induction point for downward measurement, and h 上 be the initial induction point for upward measurement. If it is assumed that there is a certain time difference between the control main board and the sensor main board, and this time difference causes a detection error of Δh T in the position, and it is assumed that due to the passage of time, the induction point changes by Δh, then

[0050] h 下测 = h 下 + Δh T + Δh;

[0051] h 上测 = h 上 - Δh T - Δh;

[0052] h = (h 下测 + h 上测 ) / 2 = (h 下 + Δh T + Δh + h 上 - Δh T - Δh) / 2 = (h 下 + h 上 ) / 2.

[0053] Beneficial effects: Overcome some measurement error problems caused by the passage of time or changes in working conditions during measurement, and improve the measurement accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 The figure shows a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of a full-automatic layered settlement instrument;

[0056] Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the control unit of one embodiment of a full-automatic layered settlement instrument;

[0057] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the motion unit of one embodiment of a full-automatic layered settlement instrument;

[0058] Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the sensor of one embodiment of a full-automatic layered settlement instrument;

[0059] Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the upper and lower measurement errors of the full-automatic soil deep settlement measurement system of the present invention.

[0060] In the accompanying drawings:

[0061] 1 - control unit; 2 - motion unit; 3 - sensor; 4 - settlement pipe; 5 - settlement ring;

[0062] 11 - power supply module; 12 - control main board; 13 - host communication module; 14 - charging and transmitting module; 15 - debugging App module;

[0063] 21 - drive module; 22 - drive wheel; 23 - displacement detection module; 24 - coding wheel; 25 - reference point limit switch; 26 - follower wheel; 27 - counterweight; 28 - drive rope;

[0064] 31 - connection device; 32 - protective shell; 33 - sensor power supply module; 34 - sensor communication module; 35 - magnetic induction chip; 36 - sensor main board; 37 - installation support rod; 38 - guiding and limiting wheel; 39 - drive rope fixing device. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] The present invention provides a fully automatic layered sedimentation instrument, as Figure 1 shown, which includes a control unit 1, a motion unit 2, a measurement sensor 3, a sedimentation tube 4, and a plurality of sedimentation rings 5. The motion unit 2 includes a driving wheel 22, a follower wheel 26, and a driving rope 28. The driving wheel 22 is installed above the sedimentation tube 4, the follower wheel 26 is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation tube 4, and the driving rope 28 is sleeved on the driving wheel 22 and the follower wheel 26. The control unit 1 controls the rotation of the driving wheel 22 to drive the driving rope 28 to drive the follower wheel 26 to rotate. The measurement sensor 3 is installed on the driving rope 28 and can move up and down in the sedimentation tube 4 following the driving rope 28. A guiding and limiting wheel 38 is installed on the measurement sensor 3, which can make the sensor 3 always move along the axis of the sedimentation tube 4, removing the measurement error caused by the shaking or rotation of the sensor 3. The sensor 3 senses the position information of the sedimentation ring 5 during the downward and upward processes and stores the data, and transmits the data to the control unit 1 for processing when returning to the top.

[0068] Through the above structure and design, the energy consumption caused by the repeated up and down movement of the counterweight 27 can be eliminated, the wire winding disc is not required, the volume of the device is reduced, and at the same time, the measurement error generated over time is eliminated through bilateral measurement during upward and downward movement.

[0069] As Figure 2 shown, the control unit 1 is used to coordinate the work of each module of the system, responsible for initiating and scheduling the measurement task, collecting, processing, and forwarding data, and includes a control main board 12, a host communication module 13, a power module 11, a charging and transmitting module 14, and a debugging App module 15.

[0070] The control main board 12 runs the core software of the measurement system. The control main board 12 issues a motion instruction to the motion unit 2 and receives the detection signal feedback from the motion unit 2 to achieve accurate positioning; the control main board 12 sends a task to the sensor 3 through the host communication module 13 and reads the data measured by the sensor 3. After receiving the complete data, the control main board 12 performs calculations and organizes the data to be sent to the cloud server. The measurement process is as follows, as Figure 5 shown.

[0071] 1. Measurement preparation:

[0072] Step 1: The control main board 12 drives the motion unit 2, and combines with the reference point limit switch 25 to move the measurement sensor 3 to the reference point;

[0073] Step 2: The control main board 12 establishes communication with the measurement sensor 3 and sends the measurement task to the measurement sensor 3;

[0074] Step 3: Synchronize the time between the control main board 12 and the measurement sensor 3 and start the task simultaneously;

[0075] 2. Measurement process

[0076] Step 4: The control unit 1 drives the motion unit 2 to slowly lower the measurement sensor 3 to the bottom of the settlement pipe 4;

[0077] Step 5: The control unit 1 drives the motion unit 2 to slowly pull up the measurement sensor 3 to the reference point;

[0078] Step 6: During this period, the control main board 12 samples and records the position information of the sensor 3 at each moment; the measurement sensor 3 senses each settlement ring 5 and records the passing moment when passing through the settlement ring 5;

[0079] 3. End of measurement

[0080] Step 7: When the sensor 3 returns to the reference point, the control main board 12 establishes a communication connection with the measurement sensor 3 and reads the measured data.

[0081] Step 8: The control main board 12 processes the data and sends the result data to the cloud server;

[0082] Step 9: After completing a measurement task, the control main board 12 controls the entire system to enter the sleep state and waits for the next measurement to start.

[0083] Among them, the position where the settlement ring 5 is located is obtained by the following function:

[0084] h = f(t) = TmapH(T) + v(T) * (t - T)

[0085] Where h represents the position of the settlement ring 5, t represents the moment when the settlement ring 5 is detected, T represents the starting moment of the corresponding time interval of t, and v(T) represents the average speed of the sensor 3 in the T interval. TmapH() is a look-up table function that looks up the position of the sensor 3 at time T recorded by the main board.

[0086] The following explains how the up and down measurements improve the measurement accuracy. As Figure 5 shown, let h 下 be the initial induction point for the downward measurement, and h 上 be the initial induction point for the upward measurement. If it is assumed that there is a certain time difference between the control main board 12 and the sensor main board 36, and this time difference causes a detection error of Δh T for the position, and it is assumed that due to the passage of time, the induction point changes by Δh, then

[0087] h 下测 = h 下 + Δh T + Δh;

[0088] h 上测 = h 上 - Δh T - Δh;

[0089] So h = (h 下测 + h 上测 ) / 2 = (h 下 + Δh T + Δh + h 上 - Δh T - Δh) / 2 = (h 下 + h 上 ) / 2

[0090] To achieve the purpose of error elimination.

[0091] The host communication module 13 includes three communication processing modules: a server communication module, an App communication module, and a measurement sensor communication module, which communicate with a measurement server, a measurement sensor 3, a debugging mobile phone, etc. using wireless communication technology.

[0092] The power module 11 provides a stable DC power supply for the control unit 1 and provides a power monitoring and acquisition interface. It mainly consists of a power chip, a solar charging module, a power detection circuit, a voltage stabilizing and discharging circuit, etc.

[0093] The charging transmitting module 14 charges the measurement sensor 3 and consists of a charging transmitting circuit and a transmitting coil. When it detects that the battery level of the measurement sensor 3 is lower than the set value, it activates the wireless charging function to charge the measurement sensor 3.

[0094] The debugging App module 15 realizes operations such as system debugging and monitoring. It switches the working mode of the system through the debugging App 15: debugging and running. In the debugging mode, parameters can be configured, time can be calibrated, a standard measurement can be executed once, the system can be reset, system parameters can be viewed, design parameters can be downloaded from the measurement server, and the communication status with the server can be checked. In the running mode, the system running status can be viewed, measurements can be automatically performed, and data can be uploaded to the measurement server.

[0095] As Figure 3 shown, the motion unit 2 is connected to the measurement sensor 3 through a driving rope 28. When the motion unit 2 moves, it will drive the measurement sensor 3 to move up and down in the settlement pipe 4. It mainly includes a driving module 21, a displacement detection module 23, a reference point limit switch 25, a driving wheel 22, an encoding wheel 24, a driving rope 28, and a counterweight 27 with a follower wheel 26.

[0096] The motion unit 2 is the main energy-consuming mechanism of this system. In the structure, in order to straighten the drive rope 28, the counterweight 27 is usually heavy. A fixed pulley is applied to reduce the work required to pull the measuring sensor 3. Since not pulling the counterweight 27 up and down will greatly reduce the overall energy consumption of the system. This innovation point does not require a winding disc, and also brings benefits such as small system occupancy space, convenient installation, and cost reduction, specifically manifested as using a smaller motor, a smaller capacity battery, and long standby time, etc.

[0097] The drive module 21 includes a drive circuit and a motor. It receives the motion instruction from the control main board 12, generates a pulse signal, drives the motor to rotate, the motor drives the drive wheel 22 to rotate, and the drive wheel 22 drives the drive rope 28 to move through friction. The drive rope 28 pulls the measuring sensor 3 to move in the settlement pipe 4.

[0098] The displacement detection module 23 is used to detect the wire release distance. It includes an encoder and a drive circuit, and is connected to the coding wheel 24 through a coupling. The movement of the drive rope 28 drives the coding wheel 24 to rotate. The encoder outputs a pulse signal, and the control main board 12 collects the pulse signal and calculates the movement distance of the sensor 3 through a conversion algorithm and a correction algorithm.

[0099] This solution uses a PID algorithm to control the motor speed, so that the sensor 3 moves slowly and uniformly in the settlement pipe 4.

[0100] The reference point limit switch 25 is used to locate the measurement basic position of the system, which is called the reference point here. It consists of a pair of photoelectric tubes and a light spot drive circuit. When the measuring sensor 3 moves up and down, it forms a on or off signal for the photoelectric tubes, and feeds back the on-off signal to the control main board 12. The control main board 12 determines the reference point of the measuring sensor 3 according to the on-off signal of the photoelectricity, the movement direction and the execution status of the measurement task. Each measurement starts from the reference point. When the measuring sensor 3 returns to the reference point to complete a measurement task, the main controller will establish communication with the measuring sensor 3 and obtain all the data of this measurement.

[0101] The measuring sensor 3 is used to sense the position of the settlement ring 5. It mainly consists of a sensor main board 36, a magnetic induction chip 35, a sensor power module 33, a sensor communication module 34, a protective shell 32, a mounting support rod 37, a guiding limit wheel 38, a drive rope fixing device 39 and a connecting device 31.

[0102] The connecting device 31 is used to hang the drive rope 28 and connect it to the protective shell 32; the protective shell 32 is used to protect the electronic components (sensor main board 36, sensor power module 33, sensor communication module 34, magnetic induction chip 35). One end of it is connected to the connecting device 31 and the other end is connected to the mounting support rod 37. It needs to bear a large pressure (10Bar), so it needs a pressure-resistant and waterproof structure.

[0103] The installation support rod 37 is used to install other components, on which a protective shell 32, two groups of guiding and limiting wheels 38 are assembled, and a driving rope fixing device 39 is installed at the bottom, which can be connected to the driving rope 28 for hanging the counterweight 27.

[0104] The guiding and limiting wheels 38 are used to keep the sensor 3 on the center line of the settlement pipe 4 when the sensor 3 moves up and down in the settlement pipe 4; it is composed of a roller bracket, a pair of rollers and an elastic snap ring. The rollers are installed at both ends of the roller bracket, and the center position of the roller bracket is fixed on the installation support rod 37 through a bearing; during operation, the rollers slide in the guiding groove of the settlement pipe 4, and the elastic snap ring can make the two rollers stick to the bottom of the guiding groove, while the center point of the roller bracket is at the center point of the settlement pipe 4; the upper and lower guiding and limiting wheels 38 work together to keep the measuring sensor 3 on the center line of the settlement pipe 4, achieving the goal of improving the measurement accuracy.

[0105] The sensor power supply module 33 is used to provide a stable DC power supply for the system, and is equipped with an energy-saving module, a rechargeable battery, a charging receiving coil and a charging control module, so that the system enters a low-power mode when it does not work, and when the battery power is low, it can charge the battery to ensure the long-term stable operation of the sensor 3.

[0106] The magnetic induction chip 35 is used to sense the settlement ring 5 and send a signal when the settlement ring 5 is sensed.

[0107] The sensor main board 36 is the core software for running the sensor 3, which is used to control the operation of the magnetic induction chip 35, acquire signals and record data, and communicate with the control main board 12 through the sensor communication module 34 to complete the entire measurement process.

[0108] The settlement pipe 4 is made of materials such as plastic or aluminum alloy. A pair of guiding grooves are provided inside the pipe, and the guiding grooves are symmetric about the axis. The settlement pipe 4 is buried in the soil to be measured. The settlement pipe 4 can provide a movement space for the sensor 3 and protect the sensor 3. Multiple settlement rings 5 are installed outside the settlement pipe 4 according to the measurement needs. There is a magnet ring inside the settlement ring 5. When the soil undergoes deep settlement, the corresponding settlement ring 5 will move up and down along the settlement pipe 4, and the sensor 3 obtains the deep settlement of the soil by detecting the position change of the settlement ring 5.

[0109] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the description of the method part for the relevant parts.

[0110] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to practice or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fully automatic layer settlement instrument, comprising a settlement tube, with magnetic settlement rings sleeved at different depths outside the settlement tube. A control unit and a motion unit are installed at the top of the settlement tube. The motion unit includes a driving wheel and a driving module. The driving wheel is installed on the output shaft of the driving module. A driving rope is wound around the driving wheel, and a sensor is installed on the driving rope. The sensor moves up and down along the settlement tube. It is characterized in that: A driving wheel is arranged at the top of the settlement tube, and a follower wheel is arranged at the bottom. The driving rope is connected end to end to form a loop. One end of the driving rope is sleeved on the driving wheel, and the other end is sleeved on the follower wheel. The sensor is installed on the driving rope on the same side and reciprocates between the driving wheel and the follower wheel.

2. The layered sedimentation instrument according to claim 1, wherein The control unit includes a control main board, a host communication module, a power module, a charging and transmitting module, and a debugging APP module; The electrical signals are connected between the modules; the control main board sends a motion instruction to the motion unit and receives the detection signal fed back by the motion unit; the control main board sends a task to the sensor through the host communication module and reads the data measured by the sensor.

3. The layered settlement gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motion unit includes a driving module, a displacement monitoring module, a reference point limit switch, a driving wheel, an encoding wheel, a driving rope, and a counterweight block with a follower wheel; Among them, the displacement detection module is used to detect the wire release distance, including an encoder and a driving circuit, which is connected to the encoding wheel through a coupling. The movement of the driving rope drives the encoding wheel to rotate. The encoder outputs a pulse signal, and the control main board collects the pulse signal and calculates the movement distance of the sensor through a conversion algorithm and a correction algorithm; The reference point limit switch is used to locate the measurement base position of the system, and it consists of a pair of photoelectric tubes and a light spot driving circuit; The driving module includes a driving circuit and a motor, which is used to receive the motion instruction of the control main board, generate a pulse signal to drive the motor to rotate, and drive the driving wheel to rotate through the motor; A counterweight block is arranged on the follower wheel to straighten the driving rope.

4. The layered sedimentation instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The sensor includes a sensor main board, a magnetic induction chip, a sensor power module, a sensor communication module, a protective shell, a mounting support rod, a guiding and limiting wheel, a driving rope fixing device, and a connecting device; The connecting device is used to hang the driving rope and connect it to the protective shell; The protective shell is used to protect the electronic components. One end of it is connected to the connecting device, and the other end is connected to the mounting support rod; The mounting support rod is equipped with a protective shell, two groups of guiding and limiting wheels, and a driving rope fixing device is installed at the bottom, which can connect the driving rope; The sensor power module is used to provide a stable DC power supply for the system, and is equipped with an energy-saving module, a rechargeable battery, a charging receiving coil, and a charging control module; The sensor main board communicates with the control unit through the sensor communication module.

5. The layered sedimentation meter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guiding and limiting wheel consists of a roller bracket, a pair of rollers, and an elastic snap ring. The rollers are installed at both ends of the roller bracket, and the center position of the roller bracket is fixed on the mounting support rod through a bearing.

6. The layer settlement gauge according to claim 1, wherein The settlement tube is made of plastic or aluminum alloy, and a pair of guiding grooves are arranged inside the tube, and the guiding grooves are symmetric about the axis.

7. A measurement method using the layered sedimentation instrument according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: The control main board 12 drives the motion unit 2, and combines with the reference point limit switch 25 to move the measurement sensor 3 to the reference point; Step 2: The control main board 12 establishes communication with the measurement sensor 3 and sends the measurement task to the measurement sensor 3; Step 3: The control main board 12 synchronizes time with the measurement sensor 3 and starts the task simultaneously; Step 4: The control unit 1 drives the motion unit 2 to place the measurement sensor 3 at the bottom of the settlement tube 4 at a uniform speed; Step 5: The control unit 1 drives the motion unit 2 to pull the measurement sensor 3 up to the reference point at a uniform speed; Step 6: During this period, the control main board 12 samples and records the position information of the sensor 3 at each moment; The measurement sensor 3 senses each settlement ring 5 and records the passing moment when passing through the settlement ring 5; Step 7: When the sensor 3 returns to the reference point, the control main board 12 establishes a communication connection with the measurement sensor 3 and reads the measured data; Step 8: The control main board 12 processes the data and sends the result data to the cloud server; Step 9: After completing a measurement task, the control main board 12 controls the entire system to enter the sleep state and waits for the next measurement to start.

8. The measuring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Among them, The position of the settlement ring is obtained by using the following function: h = f(t) = TmapH(T) + v(T) * (t - T) where h represents the position of the settlement ring, t represents the moment when the settlement ring is detected, T represents the starting moment of the time interval corresponding to t, v(T) represents the average speed of the sensor in the T interval; TmapH() is a look-up table function to look up the position of the sensor at the T moment recorded by the main board.

9. The measurement method according to claim 7, wherein Let h 下 be the initial induction point for downlink measurement, and h 上 be the initial induction point for uplink measurement. If it is assumed that there is a certain time difference between the control main board and the sensor main board, and this time difference causes a detection error of Δh for the position T , and it is assumed that due to the passage of time, the induction point changes by Δh, then h 下测 = h 下 + Δh T + Δh; h 上测 = h 上 - Δh T - Δh; h = (h 下测 + h 上测 ) / 2 = (h 下 + Δh T + Δh + h 上 - Δh T - Δh) / 2 = (h 下 + h 上 ) / 2。

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