High-temperature and high-pressure multifunctional integrated shock tube test system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure multifunctional integrated shock tube test system, belongs to the technical field of explosion and impact dynamics tests, and aims at solving the problem that an existing shock tube is usually single in function and is only used for a simulation test of a certain function. The high-pressure section and the low-pressure section of the shock tube are both made of high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy, an induction heater is adopted for heating, high-pressure inert gas is filled into the high-pressure section through pressure gradients of diaphragm sets with different layers of diaphragm clamping sections, high temperature and high pressure of the high-pressure section at the temperature of 20-900 DEG C and the pressure of 0.1-50 MPa are obtained, and the high-pressure shock tube has the advantages that the high-pressure shock tube is compact in structure and low in cost. The multifunctional integrated shock tube test system can be used for researching the crushing characteristics of rock materials under the conditions of different pressures, temperatures, water contents and the like, the damage characteristics of explosion shock waves in the air to a target piece and the impact damage characteristics of a high-speed projectile body. Effective methods and means are provided for related research, and the shock tube test technology and engineering application capability are expanded. The test system is easy to implement, low in cost and multipurpose.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system, belonging to the technical field of explosion and shock dynamics tests. Background Art

[0002] A shock tube is a multi-functional and efficient transient gas dynamics device, widely used in aerospace, national defense, automotive and other fields such as aerodynamics, gas physics, chemical reaction kinetics, aeroacoustics, gas lasers, environmental science, and energy science, for simulating phenomena such as high-speed airflows and explosion fluctuations. A shock tube is a test device that uses the gas pressure difference to generate a strong shock wave. It can instantaneously create a high-temperature and high-pressure environment in the low-pressure section, covering a wide operating range of temperature from 600 - 3000K and above, and pressure from 0.01 - 10MPa and above. The shock tube is currently an important way to carry out research and exploration on the atmospheric or planetary re-entry process of hypersonic aircraft, and is also used for research on fuel combustion and chemical mechanism, dynamic calibration of pressure sensors, etc. The application fields are also continuously expanding. However, existing shock tubes often have a single function and are only used for simulation tests of a certain function once manufactured.

[0003] Therefore, how to better improve the test technology of shock tubes, expand their research fields, achieve multi-function with one machine, improve the utilization rate of equipment, reduce the repeated investment in equipment, save laboratory space, and expand their application technology fields has received great attention from experts and scholars at home and abroad. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problem that existing shock tubes often have a single function and are only used for simulation tests of a certain function, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system. A transient loading multi-functional shock tube system is proposed that can achieve different transient loadings, and can conduct research on the damage characteristics of explosion shock wave loads in air, the damage characteristics of high-speed fragment impact on target components, and the fragmentation characteristics of rock-like materials (simulation studies of mine explosion mining and volcanic eruptions, etc.) under different pressures, temperatures, and moisture contents, providing effective methods and means for the laboratory evaluation of related research, and also providing a basis for validating the effectiveness of numerical simulation models for damage and fragmentation characteristics.

[0005] The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system of the present invention includes a shock tube main body, an observation chamber 7, a dynamic pressure sensor 6, a test unit, and an observation unit;

[0006] The shock tube main body is a tube body with a closed head and an open end. The end of the shock tube main body extends into the observation chamber 7. The shock tube main body is divided into a high-pressure section 4 and a low-pressure section 9 by a diaphragm section, and the low-pressure section 9 is communicated with the observation chamber 7;

[0007] The membrane clamping section is a membrane group constructed by at least two membrane sheets 5;

[0008] One inflation port 10 is provided for each of the membrane clamping section and the high-pressure section 4;

[0009] On the outer wall surface at the end of the shock tube main body located in the observation cabin 7, at least two dynamic pressure sensors 6 are axially arranged; used to monitor the velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave in the low-pressure section 9 when the membrane clamping section is instantaneously opened;

[0010] The test unit is used to conduct high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, air explosion shock wave load tests or projectile high-speed penetration tests in the shock tube main body; the observation unit is used to record the experimental data in the observation cabin 7.

[0011] Preferably, when conducting high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, the test unit includes a temperature-measuring thermocouple 1, a rock-like material sample 2 and an induction heater 3; the observation unit includes a high-speed camera system 8; the induction heater 3 is wound around the outer wall of the high-pressure section 4, the first end of the high-pressure section 4 axially inserts the temperature-measuring thermocouple 1, and a rock-like material sample 2 is arranged in the high-pressure section 4 close to the temperature-measuring thermocouple 1;

[0012] The process of the high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic test is as follows:

[0013] Under the monitoring of the temperature-measuring thermocouple 1, the induction heater 3 heats the high-pressure section 4 to a given temperature;

[0014] The membrane group of the membrane clamping section and the high-pressure section 4 are inflated through two inflation ports 10, and the pressure gradient of the membrane group is adjusted by adjusting the number of layers of the membrane sheets 5 of the membrane group, so as to realize filling the high-pressure section 4 with inert gas at different given pressures;

[0015] When the membrane clamping section ruptures, the shock wave propagates towards the low-pressure section 9, and the velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave are monitored by the dynamic pressure sensor 6; at the same time, when the membrane clamping section ruptures, the rarefaction wave propagates towards the high-pressure section 4, the rock-like material sample 2 decompresses and expands instantaneously under the action of the rarefaction wave and is instantly broken, and the broken particles of the rock-like material sample 2 rush into the observation cabin 7 at high speed, and the size and flight speed of the broken particles of the rock-like material sample 2 are observed by the high-speed camera system 8.

[0016] Preferably, when conducting high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, the test unit further includes a sample fragmentation speed measurement probe 11, and two sample fragmentation speed measurement probes 11 are radially inserted into the high-pressure section 4 and clamped on the two end faces of the rock-like material sample 2; the sample fragmentation speed measurement probe 11 is used to monitor the fragmentation speed of the rock-like material sample 2.

[0017] Preferably, when conducting high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, the high-pressure section 4 is heated to 20°C - 900°C and pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

[0018] Preferably, when conducting the air blast shock wave load test, the test unit includes a filling block 12 and a target 13, and the observation unit includes two high-speed camera systems 8; m layers of filling blocks 12 are arranged at the head end of the high-pressure section 4, the shock wave pulse width is adjusted by adjusting the value of m, a given pressure is filled into the high-pressure section through the air inlet, and the amplitude of the shock wave is adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the pressure; the target 13 is installed at the open end of the low-pressure section 9;

[0019] The process of the air blast shock wave load test is as follows:

[0020] The diaphragm group of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section 4 are inflated through two air inlets 10, and the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group is adjusted by adjusting the number of diaphragms 5 of the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling different given pressures of inert gas into the high-pressure section 4;

[0021] When the diaphragm ruptures, the first loading wave of the shock wave propagates towards the low-pressure section 9 and acts on the target 13, and the unloading wave propagates reversely towards the filling block 12 at the head end of the high-pressure section 4 and is reflected to form the second loading wave of the shock wave. The second loading wave propagates towards the low-pressure section 9 and acts on the target 13 following the first loading wave. The time difference between the two loading waves reaching the target 13 forms the shock wave pulse width;

[0022] The velocity and pressure characteristics of the air blast shock wave are monitored by the dynamic pressure sensor 6;

[0023] The impact damage response characteristics of the air blast shock wave on the target 13 are observed by two high-speed camera systems 8 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the observation chamber 7.

[0024] Preferably, when conducting the air blast shock wave load test, the high-pressure section 4 is pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

[0025] Preferably, when conducting the high-speed penetration test of the projectile, the test unit includes a target 13 and a projectile 14, and the observation unit includes a high-speed camera system 8; the projectile 14 is arranged in the low-pressure section 9 near the diaphragm section, the target 13 is arranged in the observation chamber 7 and is directly opposite to the open end of the shock tube body, and the target 13 is coaxial with the shock tube body and has an axial distance;

[0026] The process of the high-speed penetration test of the projectile is as follows:

[0027] The diaphragm group of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section 4 are inflated through two air inlets 10, and the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group is adjusted by adjusting the number of diaphragms 5 of the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling different given pressures of inert gas into the high-pressure section 4;

[0028] When the diaphragm section ruptures, the shock wave generated by the high-pressure gas drives the projectile 14 to fly out at high speed along the low-pressure section 9. The dynamic pressure sensor 6 monitors the speed and pressure characteristics of the shock wave; the high-speed camera system 8 observes the speed of the projectile 14 in the observation chamber 7 and the damage characteristics of the target 13.

[0029] Preferably, when conducting the high-speed penetration test of the projectile, the high-pressure section 4 is pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

[0030] Preferably, both the high-pressure section 4 and the low-pressure section 9 are made of nickel-based superalloys and processed by precision machining.

[0031] Advantages of the present invention: The task of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system with reasonable design, convenient manufacturing, and meeting laboratory safety requirements. It provides a multi-functional shock tube system for transient loading in the study of damage characteristics of air explosion shock wave loads, damage characteristics of high-speed fragment impact on target objects, and fragmentation characteristics of rock-like materials (simulation studies such as mine exploitation and volcanic eruptions) under laboratory conditions. It provides an effective method and means for laboratory evaluation of related research, and also provides a basis for validating the effectiveness of numerical simulation models for damage and fragmentation characteristics. The present invention expands the shock tube test technology and engineering application capabilities. This test system is easy to implement, has low cost, and can be used for multiple purposes. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the test system of the present invention for the fragmentation characteristics test of high-temperature and high-pressure rock materials;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the test system of the present invention for conducting air explosion shock wave load tests;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the test system of the present invention for conducting high-speed penetration tests of projectiles. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] Next, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1: The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 to describe this embodiment. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system described in this embodiment includes a shock tube main body, an observation chamber 7, a dynamic pressure sensor 6, a test unit, and an observation unit;

[0039] The shock tube main body is a tube body with a closed head and an open end. The end of the shock tube main body extends into the observation chamber 7; the shock tube main body is divided into a high-pressure section 4 and a low-pressure section 9 by a diaphragm section. The low-pressure section 9 communicates with the observation chamber 7;

[0040] The diaphragm section is a diaphragm group constructed by at least two diaphragm sheets 5;

[0041] An inflation port 10 is provided in each of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section 4;

[0042] On the outer wall surface of the end of the shock tube main body located in the observation chamber 7, at least two dynamic pressure sensors 6 are arranged axially; used to monitor the velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave in the low-pressure section 9 when the diaphragm section is instantaneously opened;

[0043] The test unit is used to conduct high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, air explosion shock wave load tests, or projectile high-speed penetration tests in the shock tube main body; the observation unit is used to record the experimental data in the observation chamber 7.

[0044] Both the high-pressure section 4 and the low-pressure section 9 are made of nickel-based high-temperature and superalloy.

[0045] Refer to Figure 1 , when conducting the high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic test, the test unit includes a temperature-measuring thermocouple 1, a rock material sample 2, and an induction heater 3; the observation unit includes a high-speed camera system 8; the induction heater 3 is wound around the outer wall of the high-pressure section 4, the head of the high-pressure section 4 is axially inserted with the temperature-measuring thermocouple 1, and a rock material sample 2 is arranged in the high-pressure section 4 near the temperature-measuring thermocouple 1;

[0046] The process of the high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic test is as follows:

[0047] Place the rock material sample 2 to be tested in the high-pressure section 4. Arrange two sample fragmentation speed measurement probes 11 on both sides of the rock material sample 2 to measure the fragmentation speed of the rock material sample 2. Install a thermocouple 1 for measuring temperature at the end of the high-pressure section 4. Install an induction heater 3 on the outside of the high-pressure section 4 to heat the high-pressure section 4 to a given temperature. Under the monitoring of the temperature-measuring thermocouple 1, the induction heater 3 heats the high-pressure section 4 to the given temperature;

[0048] Inflate the diaphragm group of the film clamping section and the high-pressure section 4 through two inflation ports 10, and adjust the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group by adjusting the number of layers of the diaphragms 5 in the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling the high-pressure section 4 with inert gas such as argon at different given pressures;

[0049] When the film clamping section ruptures, the shock wave propagates towards the low-pressure section 9, and the dynamic pressure sensors 6 ( Figure 1 Two dynamic pressure sensors are installed at a certain distance from each other in the middle) monitor the speed and pressure characteristics of the shock wave. The speed of the shock wave can be calculated according to the time difference between the shock wave passing through the two dynamic pressure sensors; at the same time, when the film clamping section ruptures, the rarefaction wave propagates towards the high-pressure section 4, and the rock-like material specimen 2 decompresses and expands instantaneously under the action of the rarefaction wave and is instantly broken. The broken particles of the rock-like material specimen 2 rush into the observation chamber 7 at high speed. Two optical observation ports are symmetrically opened on the observation chamber 7. In this example, a high-speed camera system 8 observes the size and flying speed of the broken particles of the rock-like material specimen 2.

[0050] When conducting the crushing characteristic test of high-temperature and high-pressure rock materials, the test unit also includes specimen crushing speed measurement probes 11. Two specimen crushing speed measurement probes 11 are radially inserted into the high-pressure section 4 and clamped on the two end faces of the rock-like material specimen 2; the specimen crushing speed measurement probes 11 are used to monitor the crushing speed of the rock-like material specimen 2.

[0051] When conducting the crushing characteristic test of high-temperature and high-pressure rock materials, the high-pressure section 4 is heated to 20°C - 900°C and pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

[0052] See Figure 2 , when conducting the air explosion shock wave load test, the test unit includes filling blocks 12 and a target 13, and the observation unit includes two sets of high-speed camera systems 8; m layers of filling blocks 12 are arranged at the head end of the high-pressure section 4, and the shock wave pulse width is adjusted by adjusting the value of m. Given pressure is filled into the high-pressure section through the inflation port, and the amplitude of the shock wave is adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the pressure; a target 13 is installed at the open end of the low-pressure section 9;

[0053] The process of the air explosion shock wave load test is as follows:

[0054] Place the target 13 at the end of the low-pressure section 9, arrange the high-speed camera systems 8 on both sides of the observation chamber 7, and place filling blocks 12 with a given length in the high-pressure section 4;

[0055] Inflate the diaphragm group of the film clamping section and the high-pressure section 4 through two inflation ports 10, and adjust the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group by adjusting the number of layers of the diaphragms 5 in the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling the high-pressure section 4 with inert gas at different given pressures;

[0056] When the diaphragm ruptures, the first loading wave of the shock wave propagates towards the low-pressure section 9 and acts on the target 13. The unloading wave propagates in the opposite direction towards the filling block 12 at the head of the high-pressure section 4 and is reflected to form the second loading wave of the shock wave. The second loading wave propagates towards the low-pressure section 9 and follows the first loading wave to act on the target 13. The time difference between the two loading waves reaching the target 13 forms the shock wave pulse width.

[0057] The velocity and pressure characteristics of the air explosion shock wave are monitored by the dynamic pressure sensor 6.

[0058] The impact damage response characteristics of the air explosion shock wave on the target 13 are observed by two sets of high-speed camera systems 8 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the observation chamber 7. The two sets of high-speed camera systems 8 record from two optical observation ports respectively, and the two sets of high-speed camera systems 8 constitute a three-dimensional DIC system.

[0059] The number of layers of the filling block (axial length) is used to control the volume of the high-pressure gas chamber and the length ratio of the high-pressure and low-pressure sections. The volume determines the amount of substance of the gas filled into the high-pressure gas chamber at a specified pressure. This value and the length ratio jointly determine the dominant relationship of the shock wave finally acting on the target (generally speaking, the longer the high-pressure gas chamber, the greater the influence of the second shock wave, and the overpressure generated on the target may be several times that of the first loading wave), as well as the pulse width of the loading shock wave acting on the target.

[0060] When conducting the air explosion shock wave load test, the high-pressure section 4 is pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

[0061] See Figure 3 , when conducting the high-speed penetration test of the projectile, the test unit includes the target 13 and the projectile 14, and the observation unit includes the high-speed camera system 8; the projectile 14 is arranged at a position in the low-pressure section 9 close to the diaphragm section, the target 13 is arranged in the observation chamber 7 and is directly opposite to the open end of the shock tube body, and the target 13 is coaxial with the shock tube body and has an axial distance.

[0062] The process of the high-speed penetration test of the projectile is as follows:

[0063] Place the projectile 14 in the low-pressure section 9 and install the target 13 on the target rack (not shown) in the observation chamber 7.

[0064] Inflate the diaphragm group in the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section 4 through two inflation ports 10, and adjust the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group by adjusting the number of layers of the diaphragm 5 in the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling the high-pressure section 4 with inert gas at different given pressures.

[0065] When the diaphragm section ruptures, the shock wave generated by the high-pressure gas drives the projectile 14 to fly out at high speed along the low-pressure section 9. The velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave are monitored by the dynamic pressure sensor 6; the velocity of the projectile 14 in the observation chamber 7 and the damage characteristics of the target 13 are observed by the high-speed camera system 8.

[0066] When conducting the high-speed penetration test of the projectile, the high-pressure section 4 is pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

[0067] The above are the three functions of a high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system of the present invention, that is, it can carry out experimental research on the damage characteristics of air explosion shock wave loads under laboratory conditions, and can also conduct experimental research on the damage characteristics of high-speed projectile fragments impacting target components, as well as conduct experimental research on the fragmentation characteristics of rock-like materials (simulation research such as mine exploitation and volcanic eruption), and establish a multi-functional shock tube system with multiple uses.

[0068] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein can be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that the features described in connection with a single embodiment can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system, characterized in that, It includes a shock tube body, an observation chamber (7), a dynamic pressure sensor (6), a test unit and an observation unit; The shock tube body is a tube with a closed head and an open end. The end of the shock tube body extends into the observation chamber (7). The shock tube body is divided into a high-pressure section (4) and a low-pressure section (9) by a diaphragm section. The low-pressure section (9) communicates with the observation chamber (7); The diaphragm section is a diaphragm group constructed by at least two diaphragms (5); An inflation port (10) is provided for each of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section (4); On the outer wall surface of the end of the shock tube body located in the observation chamber (7), at least two dynamic pressure sensors (6) are axially arranged, which are used to monitor the velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave in the low-pressure section (9) when the diaphragm section is instantaneously opened; The test unit is used to conduct high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, air explosion shock wave load tests or high-speed projectile penetration tests in the shock tube body. The observation unit is used to record the experimental data in the observation chamber (7).

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 1, wherein When conducting high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, the test unit includes a temperature-measuring thermocouple (1), a rock-like material sample (2) and an induction heater (3). The observation unit includes a high-speed camera system (8). The induction heater (3) is wound around the outer wall of the high-pressure section (4). The head of the high-pressure section (4) is axially inserted with the temperature-measuring thermocouple (1), and a rock-like material sample (2) is arranged in the high-pressure section (4) near the temperature-measuring thermocouple (1); The process of the high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic test is as follows: Under the monitoring of the temperature-measuring thermocouple (1), the induction heater (3) heats the high-pressure section (4) to a given temperature; The diaphragm group of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section (4) are inflated through two inflation ports (10). The pressure gradient of the diaphragm group is adjusted by adjusting the number of layers of the diaphragms (5) of the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling the high-pressure section (4) with inert gas at different given pressures; When the diaphragm section ruptures, the shock wave propagates towards the low-pressure section (9), and the velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave are monitored by the dynamic pressure sensor (6). At the same time, when the diaphragm section ruptures, the rarefaction wave propagates towards the high-pressure section (4). The rock-like material sample (2) decompresses, expands and instantaneously breaks under the action of the rarefaction wave. The broken particles of the rock-like material sample (2) rush into the observation chamber (7) at high speed, and the size and flight speed of the broken particles of the rock-like material sample (2) are observed by the high-speed camera system (8).

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When conducting high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, the test unit also includes a sample fragmentation speed measurement probe (11). Two sample fragmentation speed measurement probes (11) are radially inserted into the high-pressure section (4) and clamped on the two end faces of the rock-like material sample (2). The sample fragmentation speed measurement probe (11) is used to monitor the fragmentation speed of the rock-like material sample (2).

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 2, wherein When conducting high-temperature and high-pressure rock material fragmentation characteristic tests, the high-pressure section (4) is heated to 20°C - 900°C and pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When conducting the air explosion shock wave load test, the test unit includes a filling block (12) and a target component (13), and the observation unit includes two high-speed camera systems (8); m layers of filling blocks (12) are arranged at the head end of the high-pressure section (4), the shock wave pulse width is adjusted by adjusting the value of m, a given pressure is filled into the high-pressure section through the air inlet, and the amplitude of the shock wave is adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the pressure; a target component (13) is installed at the open end of the low-pressure section (9); The process of the air explosion shock wave load test is as follows: The diaphragm group of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section (4) are inflated through two air inlets (10), and the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group is adjusted by adjusting the number of diaphragms (5) of the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling different given pressures of inert gas into the high-pressure section (4); When the diaphragm ruptures, the first loading wave of the shock wave propagates towards the low-pressure section (9) and acts on the target component (13), and the unloading wave propagates reversely towards the filling block (12) at the head end of the high-pressure section (4) and reflects to form the second loading wave of the shock wave. The second loading wave propagates towards the low-pressure section (9) and acts on the target component (13) following the first loading wave. The time difference between the two loading waves reaching the target component (13) forms the shock wave pulse width; The velocity and pressure characteristics of the explosion shock wave in the air are monitored by a dynamic pressure sensor (6); The impact damage response characteristics of the explosion shock wave in the air on the target component (13) are observed by two high-speed camera systems (8) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the observation cabin (7).

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When conducting the air explosion shock wave load test, the high-pressure section (4) is pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When conducting the high-speed penetration test of the projectile, the test unit includes a target component (13) and a projectile (14), and the observation unit includes a high-speed camera system (8); the projectile (14) is arranged at a position close to the diaphragm section in the low-pressure section (9), the target component (13) is arranged in the observation cabin (7) and is directly opposite to the open end of the shock tube body. The target component (13) is coaxial with the shock tube body and has an axial distance; The process of the high-speed penetration test of the projectile is as follows: The diaphragm group of the diaphragm section and the high-pressure section (4) are inflated through two air inlets (10), and the pressure gradient of the diaphragm group is adjusted by adjusting the number of diaphragms (5) of the diaphragm group, so as to realize filling different given pressures of inert gas into the high-pressure section (4); When the diaphragm section ruptures, the shock wave generated by the high-pressure gas drives the projectile (14) to fly out at high speed along the low-pressure section (9). The velocity and pressure characteristics of the shock wave are monitored by a dynamic pressure sensor (6); the velocity of the projectile (14) in the observation cabin (7) and the damage characteristics of the target component (13) are observed by the high-speed camera system (8).

8. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 7, wherein, When conducting the high-speed penetration test of the projectile, the high-pressure section (4) is pressurized to 0.1 MPa - 50 Mpa.

9. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-functional integrated shock tube test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the high-pressure section (4) and the low-pressure section (9) are made of nickel-based superalloy and processed by machining.

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