Soil sample grinding and subpackaging integrated equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample treatment, in particular to soil sample grinding and subpackaging integrated equipment which comprises a grinding cylinder and a grinding tank, the grinding tank is arranged in the grinding cylinder through two annular mounting plates distributed up and down so as to contain a to-be-ground soil sample, and a plurality of replaceable grinding heads with different grinding precisions are arranged around the grinding tank; the grinding device is arranged above the grinding tank and is matched with the grinding head to grind the soil sample in the grinding tank, and a plurality of sieving devices are arranged at the bottom of the lower annular mounting plate to sieve the ground soil sample in the grinding tank; the equipartition device is arranged in the grinding cylinder through an annular bottom supporting plate and located below the sieving device so as to mix and equipartition the sieved soil samples, a subpackaging device is arranged below the equipartition device, the equipartition soil samples are subpackaged or circularly conveyed into the grinding tank to be ground again, and the soil samples with different particle sizes are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sample processing, and particularly to an integrated device for grinding and sub-packaging soil samples. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of fields such as environmental monitoring, agricultural scientific research, and geological exploration, the demand for soil sample analysis and testing is increasing day by day. In environmental monitoring, it is necessary to accurately measure the heavy metal content and pollutant components in soil to evaluate environmental quality; in agricultural scientific research, it is necessary to analyze the nutrient content and physical and chemical properties of soil to provide a basis for precision fertilization and soil improvement. These detection items all require pretreatment operations such as grinding and sub-packaging of soil samples to ensure the uniformity and representativeness of the samples and meet the requirements of subsequent high-precision detection.

[0003] Traditional soil sample processing mainly relies on manual grinding and mechanical grinding. Manual grinding is inefficient, and the processing time for a single sample is relatively long, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale detection; although mechanical grinding improves efficiency, it is easy to crush impurities such as plant roots and mix them into the sample, resulting in poor quality of the crushed soil, and it is easy to generate heat due to friction during the crushing process, which affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

[0004] In the prior art, such as a grinding and sub-packaging device for farmland soil samples with the publication number CN110270427B, it realizes the sieving of impurities such as plant rhizomes, stones, and gravel through a vibration screening device, and uses a double push rod mechanism to improve the rough grinding efficiency. However, this technology still has significant defects: On the one hand, the above-mentioned prior art uses double wedge-shaped blocks to hammer and grind the primary filter screen samples in zones, and the samples after zone grinding are directly sub-packaged without sufficient mixing, resulting in uneven distribution of sample components in the rough grinding storage cavity and the grinding cavity, which affects the accuracy and repeatability of subsequent detection.

[0005] On the other hand, the above-mentioned prior art uses the dichotomy method for sample division, which can only support two grinding operations. If three or more grindings are required (such as refining from 60 mesh to 200 mesh), multiple sets of grinding devices need to be equipped, and the sample amount decreases geometrically after each dichotomy (such as 100g - 50g - 25g), and the final sub-packaged sample amounts vary greatly. This imbalance causes data deviation due to uneven sample amounts during ultra-trace heavy metal detection, and cannot meet the requirements of trace analysis for sample amount uniformity.

[0006] Based on this, there are problems of insufficient grinding uniformity and imbalance in multiple grinding and equal division in traditional soil sample processing equipment, so there is still room for optimization in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an integrated device for grinding and sub-packaging soil samples.

[0008] A soil sample grinding and sub-packaging integrated device, comprising: A grinding cylinder; A grinding tank, which is arranged in the grinding cylinder through two annular mounting plates distributed up and down to hold the soil sample to be ground. A plurality of replaceable grinding heads with different grinding precisions are arranged around the grinding tank; A grinding device, which is arranged above the grinding tank and cooperates with the grinding head to grind the soil sample in the grinding tank. At the bottom of the lower annular mounting plate, a plurality of sieving devices are arranged to sieve the ground soil sample in the grinding tank; An equalizing device, which is arranged in the grinding cylinder through an annular bottom support plate and is located below the sieving device to mix and equalize the sieved soil sample. A sub-packaging device is arranged below the equalizing device to sub-package the equalized soil sample or circularly convey it into the grinding tank for re-grinding to obtain soil samples with different particle sizes.

[0009] Preferably, the equalizing device includes an equalizing plate rotatably mounted on the annular bottom support plate. An equalizing shaft is rotatably penetrated through the axis of the equalizing plate. A sleeve is installed at the axis of the inner bottom of the equalizing plate. The equalizing shaft passes through the sleeve, and a sliding sleeve is axially slidably arranged in the sleeve along the equalizing shaft. The upper end of the sliding sleeve slides out of the sleeve and is installed with equalizing blades. An equalizing motor with an output shaft connected to the equalizing shaft is installed at the bottom of the equalizing plate.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding plate is rotatably sleeved at the bottom of the sliding sleeve, and a push rod with a telescopic end connected to the sliding plate is installed at the inner bottom of the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the equalizing plate. A liftable discharge baffle is arranged at the discharge port. By changing the angle between the discharge baffle and the equalizing blades, the equalization of the soil sample is realized.

[0012] Preferably, the discharge baffle is constructed as a hollow shell structure with an open bottom end, and a feeding hole is arranged on one side of the discharge baffle.

[0013] Preferably, a horizontal support is arranged on one side of the lower end of the discharge baffle. A guiding slide rod is longitudinally slidably penetrated through the horizontal support. The upper end of the guiding slide rod is fixed to the outer bottom of the equalizing plate, and a limiting convex block is arranged at the bottom of the guiding slide rod. Two electromagnetic plates with opposite magnetic poles are arranged between the horizontal support and the outer bottom of the equalizing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the sub-packaging device includes a partition plate vertically arranged at the center below the equalizing plate. Flow guiding funnels are arranged on both sides of the partition plate and are installed on the inner side wall of the grinding cylinder. A lead-out pipe is arranged at the bottom of one of the flow guiding funnels, and a guiding pipe inclined downward is arranged at the bottom of the other flow guiding funnel.

[0015] Preferably, a longitudinally extending circulation pipe is provided inside the grinding cylinder. The lower end of the guiding pipe is communicated with the bottom of the circulation pipe. The upper end of the circulation pipe passes through the annular bottom support plate and the annular mounting plate from bottom to top in sequence and is mounted on the annular mounting plate above the grinding tank. A screw rod is rotatably mounted inside the circulation pipe.

[0016] Preferably, an inclined pipe inclined downward is provided at the upper end of the circulation pipe in the direction towards the grinding tank. The two ends of the inclined pipe are respectively communicated with the circulation pipe and the grinding tank.

[0017] Preferably, a first gear ring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the equalizing plate. A first motor is mounted on the annular bottom support plate through a first bracket. A first gear meshing with the first gear ring is mounted at the output end of the first motor.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects: First, through the cooperation of the equalizing plate, the liftable equalizing blades and the discharge baffle, the present invention can adjust the angle between the equalizing blades and the discharge baffle according to requirements, so that the sample is evenly sprinkled, laid flat and divided into equal-area regions in the equalizing plate, and the sample is pushed to the discharge port as required, ensuring that the amount of each sample is basically the same and meeting the requirements of the experiment for sample uniformity.

[0019] Second, replaceable grinding heads with different grinding precisions such as coarse, medium-fine, fine, and ultra-fine are provided around the grinding tank of the present invention. Cooperating with the sieves with apertures adapted in the sieving device, multi-stage grinding from coarse grinding to ultra-fine grinding is realized, and samples with different particle sizes are accurately separated.

[0020] Third, the evenly divided samples of the present invention can be sub-packed through the export pipe or transported to the grinding tank again through the guiding pipe and the circulation pipe. By driving the equalizing plate to rotate by a motor to switch the position of the discharge port, the switching between the sub-packing and circulation functions is realized, and the dynamic adjustment of multiple gradient equalizing ratios is supported, avoiding the problem of sample amount imbalance caused by multiple grindings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the equalizing device and the sub-packing device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sub-packing device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the discharge baffle of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the sub-packing device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the grinding device of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the grinding device of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the sieving device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 In the present invention Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of part A.

[0031] Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the sieving assembly of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 11 In the present invention Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of part B.

[0033] Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the sieving assembly of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0034] In the figure, 1, grinding cylinder; 2, cover plate; 3, grinding tank; 101, annular mounting plate; 4, grinding head; 5, grinding device; 6, sieving device; 7, equalizing device; 102, annular bottom support plate; 8, sub-packaging device; 701, equalizing plate; 702, equalizing shaft; 703, sleeve; 704, sliding sleeve; 705, equalizing blade; 706, sliding plate; 707, top push rod; 708, discharge baffle; 709, equalizing motor; 710, support frame; 711, horizontal support; 712, guiding slide bar; 713, gear ring 1; 714, motor 1; 715, gear 1; 801, partition plate; 802, diversion funnel; 803, lead-out pipe; 804, guiding pipe; 805, circulation pipe; 806, inclined pipe; 807, circulation motor; 103, placing cylinder; 501, rotating disc; 502, moving slide rail; 503, lifting frame; 504, grinding mounting frame; 505, eccentric rod; 506, limiting block; 507, electric push rod 1; 508, screw rod; 509, lifting motor; 511, elastic telescopic rod; 512, gear ring 2; 513, motor 2; 514, gear 2; 515, protective housing; 601, mounting ring; 602, chute; 603, T-shaped slide bar; 604, side wall seat; 605, multi-stage telescopic rod; 606, sieve mesh; 607, collecting ring; 608, auxiliary ring plate; 609, support ring convex; 610, top push support; 611, electric push rod 2; 612, top push sleeve; 613, limiting rod; 614, limiting spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following is combined withFigures 1 - 12 Describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail.

[0036] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 , a soil sample grinding and sub-packaging integrated device, comprising: The grinding cylinder 1 is provided with a cylindrical structure and an inner wall with a wear-resistant coating. The grinding cylinder 1 is a hollow shell structure with an open upper end, and a cover plate 2 is covered on the top of the grinding cylinder 1 to ensure a closed state during grinding.

[0037] The grinding tank 3 is arranged in the grinding cylinder 1 through two annular mounting plates 101 distributed up and down to hold the soil sample to be ground. A plurality of replaceable grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions are arranged around the grinding tank 3 ( Figure 6 shown in); the two annular mounting plates 101 are distributed up and down and fixed on the inner side wall of the grinding cylinder 1 to fix the grinding tank 3 in the grinding cylinder 1.

[0038] The grinding device 5 is arranged above the grinding tank 3 and cooperates with the grinding head 4 to grind the soil sample in the grinding tank 3. A plurality of sieving devices 6 are arranged at the bottom of the lower annular mounting plate 101 to sieve the ground soil sample in the grinding tank 3.

[0039] The equalization device 7 is arranged in the grinding cylinder 1 through the annular bottom support plate 102 and is located below the sieving device 6 to mix and equalize the sieved soil sample. A sub-packaging device 8 is arranged below the equalization device 7 to sub-package the equalized soil sample or circularly convey it into the grinding tank 3 for re-grinding to obtain soil samples with different particle sizes.

[0040] In this application, taking four grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions as an example, the soil sample is ground in four levels to ensure uniform particle size of the sample. By adjusting the equalization device 7, equal sub-packaging of the four collected soil samples is achieved.

[0041] First, open the cover plate 2, put the soil sample to be ground that has been air-dried and dried into the grinding tank 3, cover the cover plate 2. Initially, select the coarse grinding head, that is, the execution end of the grinding device 5 is installed with the coarse grinding head stored around the grinding tank 3, and then move it into the grinding tank 3. Start the grinding device 5 for preliminary grinding. After the soil sample reaches the preset fineness, pass it through the sieving device 6 for sieving. The fine particles fall into the equalizing device 7 and are mixed and equalized by the equalizing device 7. One-fourth of the soil sample is sub-packed into a sample tank (not shown in the figure), and the remaining three-fourths of the soil sample is recycled back to the grinding tank 3. Replace it with a medium-fine grinding head for secondary grinding. Then, after passing through the sieving device 6 and the equalizing device 7 again, one-third of the soil sample is sub-packed into the sample tank, and the remaining two-thirds continue to be recycled for grinding. Replace it with a fine grinding head and repeat the above steps. One-half of the soil sample is sub-packed into the sample tank. Finally, the remaining part of the soil sample is recycled to the grinding tank 3 again. Replace it with an ultra-fine grinding head for final grinding, and then all are sub-packed into the sample tank. Finally, four bottles of soil samples with equal amounts and gradually decreasing particle sizes are obtained, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of experimental data and meeting different scientific research requirements.

[0042] The grinding precision is achieved through the surface structure of the grinding head 4 (such as the deep groove size, coating process), corresponding to different particle size grinding requirements. For example, the surface of the coarse grinding head is provided with deep groove sawteeth, and the surface of the fine grinding head is treated with a nano-coating.

[0043] Grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions can flexibly adjust the grinding force according to the refinement requirements of the soil sample to ensure uniform refinement of the sample. For example, during coarse grinding, a grinding head 4 with deep grooves or serrated protrusions engraved on the surface can be selected, and the main material of the coarse grinding head can be 316L stainless steel with tungsten carbide alloy inlaid on the surface to improve wear resistance and grinding efficiency; during medium-fine grinding, the main material can be alumina ceramic with a zirconia toughening layer sintered on the surface to balance hardness and toughness; during fine grinding, a tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy material is selected with a fine polish on the surface to ensure grinding precision; during ultra-fine grinding, a high-purity zirconia material is selected with a nano-coating on the surface to further improve wear resistance and grinding precision to meet the requirements of ultra-fine particles.

[0044] In addition, if it is for the heavy metal detection of soil samples, using a grinding head 4 made of metal material may slightly dissolve into the sample during the grinding process, affecting the detection results. Therefore, when detecting heavy metals in soil samples, a grinding head 4 made of non-metal material is selected, such as agate, high-purity alumina ceramic, etc., to avoid metal ion contamination.

[0045] Refer to Figures 2 - 5As shown, the equalizing device 7 includes an equalizing plate 701 rotatably mounted on the annular bottom support plate 102. An equalizing shaft 702 is rotatably penetrated through the axis of the equalizing plate 701. A sleeve 703 is installed at the axis of the inner bottom of the equalizing plate 701. The upper surface of the sleeve 703 is a conical surface that slopes downward from top to bottom. The conical surface can prevent the soil samples after sieving by the sieving device 6 from accumulating on the upper surface of the sleeve 703, ensuring that the samples slide evenly into the equalizing plate 701. The equalizing shaft 702 passes through the sleeve 703, and a sliding sleeve 704 is axially slidably arranged in the sleeve 703 along the equalizing shaft 702, that is, only axial movement can occur between the sliding sleeve 704 and the equalizing shaft 702, and relative rotation is not allowed. After the upper end of the sliding sleeve 704 slides out of the sleeve 703, an equalizing blade 705 is installed.

[0046] The blade rotates with the equalizing shaft 702, evenly spreading the sieved soil samples around the equalizing plate 701 to ensure sufficient mixing of the samples. A sliding plate 706 is rotatably sleeved at the bottom of the sliding sleeve 704, and a top push rod 707 with a telescopic end connected to the sliding plate 706 is installed at the inner bottom of the sleeve 703. The top push rod 707 can preferably be a servo electric push rod to control the up and down movement of the sliding sleeve 704 and the equalizing blade 705 along the equalizing shaft 702. The top push rod 707 telescopically adjusts the height of the blade to adapt to different amounts of soil samples and ensure the equalizing effect.

[0047] An outlet is provided at the bottom of the equalizing plate 701, and a liftable outlet baffle 708 is provided at the outlet. By rotating the equalizing shaft 702 to drive the equalizing blade 705 to rotate, the angle between the outlet baffle 708 and the equalizing blade 705 is changed to achieve equalization of the soil samples. At the same time, by controlling the lifting of the outlet baffle 708, equalization and sub-packaging of the soil samples are achieved.

[0048] Further, an equalizing motor 709 with an output shaft connected to the equalizing shaft 702 is installed at the bottom of the equalizing plate 701. The equalizing motor 709 drives the equalizing shaft 702 to rotate to drive the equalizing blade 705 to mix and equalize the soil samples, and at the same time controls the angle between the equalizing blade 705 and the outlet baffle 708 to ensure uniform distribution of the soil samples during the equalizing process. The equalizing motor 709 can preferably be a servo motor to achieve precise control of the rotation speed and position of the equalizing blade 705 and further optimize the equalizing effect.

[0049] In summary, after the soil sample falls onto the equalizing plate 701, the equalizing motor 709 drives the equalizing shaft 702 to rotate, and the blades evenly scatter the sample. The top push rod 707 adjusts the height of the equalizing blades 705 to ensure sufficient mixing of the sample. At the same time, as the equalizing blades 705 rotate and rise, the soil sample can be evenly spread on the equalizing plate 701. Then, according to the equal division requirements, for example, when dividing into four equal parts, the equalizing motor 709 controls the equalizing blades 705 to rotate to a specific angle, and ensures that the equalizing blades 705 and the discharge baffle 708 form a 90° angle, so that the soil sample forms four equal division areas in the equalizing plate 701. Subsequently, the discharge baffle 708 is lifted and lowered, and the equalizing motor 709 drives the equalizing blades 705 to rotate towards the discharge baffle 708, pushing one-fourth of the soil sample to the discharge port and guiding it to be discharged into the sample tank. The remaining three-fourths of the sample is pushed to the discharge port by rotating the equalizing blades 705, and then circulated to the grinding tank 3 for grinding again until all samples are divided and packaged as required, ensuring that the amount of each sample is basically the same.

[0050] A support frame 710 is installed at the upper end of the equalizing plate 701. The upper end of the equalizing shaft 702 is rotatably passed through the support frame 710, and the equalizing shaft 702 is fixed by the support frame 710 to ensure the stable operation of the equalizing blades 705 during rotation. The upper surface of the support frame 710 is set as an inclined plane to prevent soil samples from accumulating on the support frame 710.

[0051] The discharge baffle 708 is constructed as a hollow shell structure with an open lower end, and a feed hole is provided on one side of the discharge baffle 708. When the discharge baffle 708 descends to the lowest position, the upper surface of the discharge baffle 708 is completely attached to the inner bottom of the equalizing plate 701 and is on the same horizontal plane to ensure that the soil sample does not leak through the discharge port before mixing and equalizing are completed. When the discharge baffle 708 rises to the preset height, that is, the lower surface of the feed hole is on the same horizontal plane as the inner bottom of the equalizing plate 701, the soil sample can evenly flow into the discharge baffle 708 through the feed hole and then evenly flow out and fall through the open lower end of the discharge baffle 708.

[0052] A horizontal support 711 is provided on one side of the lower end of the discharge baffle 708. A guiding slide rod 712 is longitudinally slidably passed through the horizontal support 711. The upper end of the guiding slide rod 712 is fixed to the outer bottom of the equalizing plate 701, and a limiting convex block is provided at the bottom of the guiding slide rod 712 to prevent the discharge baffle 708 from descending excessively and ensure its stable movement within the preset range. In addition, a dust-proof rubber sleeve (not shown in the figure) is sleeved outside the guiding slide rod 712 to prevent dust from entering the sliding gap and ensure the smooth lifting and lowering of the discharge baffle 708. Moreover, the horizontal support 711 is a counterweight block with a certain weight to ensure that the discharge baffle 708 can move down smoothly when the electromagnetic plate loses power and demagnetizes.

[0053] There are two electromagnetic plates with opposite magnetisms between the horizontal support 711 and the outer bottom of the equalizing plate 701. By the attraction and release of the electromagnetic plates, the lifting of the discharge baffle 708 is controlled to ensure accurate positioning.

[0054] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the sub-packaging device 8 includes a partition plate 801 vertically arranged at the center below the equalizing plate 701. On both sides of the partition plate 801, there are diversion funnels 802 installed on the inner side wall of the grinding cylinder 1. At the bottom of one of the diversion funnels 802, there is a lead-out pipe 803. A sample tank (not shown in the figure) is placed at the bottom of the grinding cylinder 1 for collecting the soil samples led out through the lead-out pipe 803, so as to facilitate the subsequent detection of the soil samples in the sample tank.

[0055] At the bottom of the other diversion funnel 802, there is a downwardly inclined guide pipe 804. Inside the grinding cylinder 1, there is a longitudinally extending circulation pipe 805. The lower end of the guide pipe 804 is communicated with the bottom of the circulation pipe 805. The upper end of the circulation pipe 805 passes through the annular bottom support plate 102 and the annular mounting plate 101 from bottom to top and is installed on the annular mounting plate 101 above the grinding tank 3. A screw rod (not shown in the figure) is rotatably installed in the circulation pipe 805, and there are screw blades on the screw rod. Through the rotation of the screw blades, the soil samples are pushed from bottom to top to the upper end of the circulation pipe 805. The screw blades adopt a variable pitch design, and the pitch gradually increases from bottom to top. And the surface of the blades is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating to reduce sample adhesion. Similarly, the relevant structural components in this application are all treated with surface coatings to reduce sample adhesion.

[0056] The upper end of the circulation pipe 805 is provided with an inclined downward pipe 806 towards the direction of the grinding tank 3. The two ends of the inclined pipe 806 are respectively communicated with the circulation pipe 805 and the grinding tank 3. Therefore, after the soil samples are transported to the upper end of the circulation pipe 805 by the screw rod, they are introduced into the grinding tank 3 through the inclined pipe 806 to realize the re-grinding of the soil samples.

[0057] A circulation motor 807 is installed on the annular mounting plate 101 at the upper end of the grinding tank 3. The output end of the circulation motor 807 is connected to the upper end of the screw rod to drive the screw rod to rotate to transport the soil samples.

[0058] In addition, in order to implement whether the soil samples on the equalizing disk 701 are to be sub-packed or continuously recycled for grinding, in this application, a first gear ring 713 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the equalizing disk 701. A first motor 714 is installed on the annular bottom support plate 102 through a first bracket. A first gear 715 meshing with the first gear ring 713 is installed at the output end of the first motor 714. The first motor 714 drives the first gear 715 to drive the first gear ring 713 to rotate, so that the equalizing disk 701 rotates to switch to different equalizing positions. That is, when the discharge port of the equalizing disk 701 rotates above the diversion funnel 802 equipped with the outlet pipe 803, the sub-packaging function of the soil samples is realized at this time; and when the discharge port of the equalizing disk 701 rotates above the diversion funnel 802 equipped with the guiding pipe 804, the function of recycling and grinding the samples is realized, ensuring the high efficiency and accuracy of sample processing.

[0059] In this application, the equalizing blades 705 rotate to flatten the samples and adjust the angles of the equalizing blades 705 and the discharge baffle 708 to achieve equal division. Affected by the physical properties of the soil samples (such as particle size distribution, humidity, and viscosity), there may be a certain proportion of error in the equal division process. This error is due to the difference in frictional resistance between the sample particles, resulting in uneven distribution of the samples on the equalizing disk 701, and the angle control tolerance of the equalizing shaft 702 and the discharge baffle 708 (depending on the control of the servo motor). Therefore, the equal division accuracy of this application is controllable within a certain range. The equal division ratio under multi-gradient grinding is dynamically adjusted (such as one-quarter - one-third - one-half - full sub-packaging), avoiding the imbalance of the sample quantity caused by multiple grindings in traditional equipment (such as the prior art mentioned in the background art). Therefore, this application can achieve precise equal division of samples within a certain range, ensuring that the finally collected sample quantities are basically the same and meeting the experimental requirements.

[0060] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to improve the recycling grinding of soil samples to different degrees, this application provides a grinding device 5 and a sieving device 6, aiming to quickly switch the grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions and quickly sieve the ground soil samples.

[0061] Refer to Figure 6 As shown, in this application, a plurality of placement cylinders 103 are circumferentially installed between two annular mounting plates 101 for placing grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions.

[0062] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the grinding device 5 includes a rotating disk 501 rotatably embedded on the cover plate 2, a movable slide rail 502 is provided at the lower end of the rotating disk 501, a lifting frame 503 with a 匚-shaped structure is slidably provided on the movable slide rail 502, a grinding mounting frame 504 is slidably provided on the vertical section of the lifting frame 503, a grinding motor and an eccentric rod 505 are installed at the bottom of the grinding mounting frame 504, one end of the eccentric rod 505 is connected to the grinding motor, and the other end is detachably connected to the grinding head 4.

[0063] The grinding motor is started to drive the eccentric rod 505 to rotate, so that the other end of the eccentric rod 505 drives the grinding head 4 to swing in the grinding tank 3, so as to grind the soil sample in the grinding tank 3. After the grinding is completed, the grinding mounting frame 504 drives the grinding head 4 to move up along the lifting frame 503 until the bottom of the grinding head 4 is separated from the upper port of the grinding tank 3, and then the grinding mounting frame 504 is moved as a whole to the top of the placement cylinder 103 by moving the slide rail 502. After aligning with the required grinding head 4, the grinding mounting frame 504 is lowered, and the grinding head 4 on the eccentric rod 505 is placed in the placement cylinder 103 to realize the disassembly of the grinding head 4, and the grinding motor is started to drive the eccentric rod 505 to drive the grinding head 4 to move up along the lifting frame 503 until the bottom of the grinding head 4 is separated from the upper port of the grinding tank 3. The grinding mounting frame 504 moves up so that the lower end of the eccentric rod 505 is separated from the upper port of the placement tube 103, and then the rotating disk 501 is driven to rotate so that the eccentric rod 505 is aligned with the grinding head 4 in another placement tube 103, and the grinding mounting frame 504 is lowered, the eccentric rod 505 is inserted into the placement tube 103 and connected to the new grinding head 4, and the above steps are repeated to achieve rapid switching of grinding heads 4 with different grinding accuracies, and then the lifting frame 503 is moved in the opposite direction along the movable slide rail 502 until the bottom of the grinding head 4 re-enters the grinding jar 3, and the next stage of grinding processing is continued to ensure uniform grinding of the sample at different grinding accuracies.

[0064] Among them, a limit block 506 sliding on the movable slide rail 502 is installed on the top of the lifting frame 503, and an electric push rod 507 whose output end is connected to the limit block 506 is installed at the bottom of the rotating disk 501. The electric push rod 507 adopts a high-precision servo electric push rod, and its output end is fixedly connected to the limit block 506 to calibrate the moving position of the lifting frame 503 in real time to ensure that the grinding mounting frame 504 is accurately docked with the interface of the placement cylinder 103 or the grinding tank 3 when replacing the grinding head 4, so as to avoid installation failure of the grinding head 4 or shaking during the grinding process due to position deviation.

[0065] The lifting frame 503 is provided with a sliding rod and a screw rod 508 along the vertical section direction, and a lifting motor 509 whose output end is connected to the screw rod 508 is installed on the lifting frame 503. The screw rod 508 is rotatably penetrated on the lifting frame 503 and the grinding mounting frame 504 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 508. The sliding rod is slidably penetrated through the grinding mounting frame 504. The lifting motor 509 drives the screw rod 508 to rotate, and drives the grinding mounting frame 504 to move up and down along the sliding rod to control the lifting and lowering of the grinding mounting frame 504, so as to facilitate the subsequent replacement and grinding of the grinding head 4.

[0066] Due to the design of the eccentric rod 505, the grinding head 4 will swing axially around the axis of the output shaft of the grinding motor, forming a complex grinding trajectory. However, when replacing the grinding head 4, there is a situation where the eccentric rod 505 cannot be accurately aligned with the grinding head 4 for connection. Therefore, a vertically upward elastic telescopic rod 511 is installed at the corner of the eccentric rod 505. A groove (not shown in the figure) adapted to the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 511 is provided at the bottom of the grinding mounting bracket 504, and a ball (not shown in the figure) is embedded in the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 511. When the grinding motor is started to drive the grinding head 4 to rotate normally for grinding, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod rolls at the bottom of the grinding mounting bracket 504 through the ball to ensure that the contact between the telescopic end of the telescopic rod and the grinding mounting bracket 504 does not interfere with the rotation of the grinding head 4. When replacing the grinding head 4, the grinding motor drives the eccentric rod 505 to rotate. When the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 511 is embedded in the groove, it can ensure that the eccentric rod 505 is accurately aligned with the placement cylinder 103 to ensure the subsequent disassembly and replacement of the grinding head 4.

[0067] A second gear ring 512 is sleeved on the upper end of the rotating disc 501. A second motor 513 is installed on the cover plate 2 through a second bracket. The output end of the second motor 513 is installed with a second gear 514 meshing with the second gear ring 512. The second motor 513 drives the second gear 514 to rotate, driving the second gear ring 512 and the rotating disc 501 to rotate synchronously, ensuring that the eccentric rod 505 is accurately aligned with the target placement cylinder 103, realizing the rapid replacement of the grinding head 4. In addition, the second motor 513 is preferably a servo motor to ensure that the eccentric rod 505 can be accurately positioned every time the grinding head 4 is replaced, reducing errors.

[0068] A protective housing 515 is provided on the cover plate 2 for protecting components such as the second motor 513, the second gear ring 512, the second gear 514, and the rotating disc 501.

[0069] Further, the connection between the eccentric rod 505 and the connection hole of the grinding head 4 is magnetically fixed. That is, a magnet (not shown in the figure) is installed at the lower end of the eccentric rod 505, and an electromagnet with a corresponding magnetic pole is embedded in the connection hole of the grinding head 4 (not shown in the figure). When the electromagnet is energized, the magnet and the electromagnet attract each other to achieve a fast and firm connection, and they can be easily separated when powered off, simplifying the operation process and improving the replacement efficiency.

[0070] Refer to Figures 8 - 12 As shown, the sieving device 6 includes a plurality of mounting rings 601 corresponding to the grinding heads 4 one by one. A sieving component is installed in the mounting ring 601. The mounting ring 601 is slidably arranged on the annular mounting plate 101 through a sliding component. The sieving component in each mounting ring 601 cooperates with the corresponding grinding head 4, that is, when the grinding head 4 performs grinding operations, the sieving component operates synchronously.

[0071] Specifically, the sliding assembly includes a chute 602 formed in the annular mounting plate 101 and a T-shaped sliding rod 603 adapted to the chute 602. The T-shaped sliding rod 603 is installed on a side wall seat 604 provided on the side wall of the mounting ring 601. A multi-stage telescopic rod 605 is installed at the bottom of the annular mounting plate 101 through a mounting frame. The telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic rod 605 is connected to the side wall seat 604. The multi-stage telescopic rod 605 adjusts the position of the mounting ring 601 through telescopic adjustment, thereby adjusting the position of the sieving assembly. Moreover, the multi-stage telescopic rod 605 can preferably be a high-precision electric telescopic rod to ensure the precise alignment of the sieve mesh 606 with the mounting hole of the grinding tank 3, avoiding problems such as sieving failure or sample leakage caused by position deviation.

[0072] The sieving assembly includes a sieve mesh 606. A mounting hole adapted to the sieve mesh 606 is formed at the bottom of the grinding tank 3. The sieve mesh 606 is embedded in the bottom of the grinding tank 3 through the mounting hole to ensure the effective separation of the ground material through the sieve mesh 606 during the grinding process. The material of the sieve mesh 606 is selected as a highly wear-resistant material to extend its service life.

[0073] In addition, it should be noted that the aperture size of the sieve mesh 606 is adapted to the grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions to achieve precise separation under different grinding requirements and ensure the grinding effect.

[0074] A collection ring 607 is detachably installed at the bottom of the sieve mesh 606. An auxiliary ring plate 608 is provided on the outer side wall of the collection ring 607. The mounting ring 601 is constructed as an annular structure with a U-shaped cross-section. The auxiliary ring plate 608 is slidably fitted with the inner side wall of the mounting ring 601. A support ring protrusion 609 extending upward is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the mounting ring 601. The support ring protrusion 609 plays a role in supporting and limiting the auxiliary ring plate 608.

[0075] A top-pushing support 610 is provided at the bottom of the collection ring 607. The upper surface of the top-pushing support 610 is constructed as an inclined plane to prevent soil samples from accumulating on the top-pushing support 610. The top of the equalizing shaft 702 is constructed as a hollow structure with an open upper end, and an electric push rod two 611 (a high-precision micro electric push rod is used to ensure uniform sealing pressure when the sieve mesh 606 is embedded in the mounting hole and avoid sample leakage) is provided in the hollow structure. Moreover, a top-pushing sleeve 612 is slidably sleeved on the top of the equalizing shaft 702. The output end of the electric push rod two 611 is placed in the top-pushing sleeve 612 and contacts the inner top of the top-pushing sleeve 612. The electric push rod two 611 drives the top-pushing sleeve 612 to move up and down. The top-pushing sleeve 612 pushes the top-pushing support 610 upward, thereby pushing the collection ring 607 and the sieve mesh 606 thereon upward until the sieve mesh 606 is successfully embedded in the mounting hole, realizing the tight fit of the sieve mesh 606 with the grinding tank 3 and ensuring the efficient separation of the ground material. The purpose of setting the top-pushing sleeve 612 is to prevent soil samples from entering the hollow structure opened at the top of the equalizing shaft 702.

[0076] Moreover, a plurality of limiting rods 613 are circumferentially installed on the auxiliary ring plate 608. The lower ends of the limiting rods 613 slide out of the bottom of the mounting ring 601 and are provided with limiting protrusions. A limiting spring 614 is installed between the limiting protrusions and the bottom of the mounting ring 601.

[0077] Therefore, when it is necessary to remove the sieve 606 from the mounting hole, the electric push rod two 611 drives the push sleeve 612 to move downward in the reverse direction. Under the push of the limiting spring 614, the auxiliary ring plate 608 and the collection ring 607 are driven to move downward together. At the same time, the collection ring 607 will drive the sieve 606 to move downward synchronously, and the sieve 606 is removed from the mounting hole until the lower end of the auxiliary ring plate 608 abuts against the support ring convex 609. At this time, the mounting ring 601 is moved to the initial position through the sliding component, and then the appropriate sieve 606 is selected according to the rotating grinding head 4. Then, the mounting ring 601 with the sieve 606 installed is moved to the position of the mounting hole at the bottom of the grinding tank 3 through the corresponding sliding component. Then, through the drive of the electric push rod two 611 again, the sieve 606 can be smoothly embedded into the mounting hole to ensure the close fit between the sieve 606 and the grinding tank 3. Repeating the above operations can achieve the rapid replacement of the sieve 606 under different grinding requirements and improve the work efficiency.

[0078] In addition, in order to facilitate observing the grinding, sieving and sub-packaging of soil samples, an observation window made of a transparent material can be embedded in the outer side wall of the grinding cylinder 1 of the present application (not shown in the figure). The grinding process can be monitored in real time through the observation window. At the same time, in order to facilitate the placement of the sample tank at the inner bottom of the grinding cylinder 1, a detachable movable door (not shown in the figure) is installed on the bottom side wall of the grinding cylinder 1. The movable door adopts a snap-fastening design, which is easy to open and close, ensuring the rapid and accurate placement and removal of the sample tank.

[0079] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

[0080] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An integrated device for grinding and sub-packaging soil samples, characterized in that, Comprising: A grinding cylinder (1); A grinding tank (3), which is arranged in the grinding cylinder (1) through two annular mounting plates (101) distributed vertically up and down to hold the soil sample to be ground. A plurality of replaceable grinding heads (4) with different grinding precisions are arranged around the grinding tank (3); A grinding device (5), which is arranged above the grinding tank (3) and cooperates with the grinding head (4) to grind the soil sample in the grinding tank (3). At the bottom of the lower annular mounting plate (101), a plurality of sieving devices (6) are arranged to sieve the ground soil sample in the grinding tank (3); An averaging device (7), which is arranged in the grinding cylinder (1) through an annular bottom support plate (102) and is located below the sieving device (6) to mix and average the sieved soil sample. A packaging device (8) is arranged below the averaging device (7) to package the averaged soil sample or circularly convey it into the grinding tank (3) for re-grinding to obtain soil samples with different particle sizes.

2. The integrated soil sample grinding and packaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The averaging device (7) includes an averaging plate (701) rotatably mounted on the annular bottom support plate (102). An averaging shaft (702) rotatably penetrates through the axis of the averaging plate (701). A sleeve (703) is installed at the axis of the inner bottom of the averaging plate (701). The averaging shaft (702) passes through the sleeve (703), and a sliding sleeve (704) is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the averaging shaft (702) in the sleeve (703). The upper end of the sliding sleeve (704) slides out of the sleeve (703) and is installed with averaging blades (705). An averaging motor (709) with an output shaft connected to the averaging shaft (702) is installed at the bottom of the averaging plate (701).

3. An integrated device for grinding and packaging soil samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding plate (706) is rotatably sleeved at the bottom of the sliding sleeve (704), and a push rod (707) with a telescopic end connected to the sliding plate (706) is installed at the inner bottom of the sleeve (703).

4. The integrated equipment for grinding and packaging soil samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: An outlet is arranged at the bottom of the averaging plate (701). An elevating outlet baffle (708) is arranged at the outlet. By changing the angle between the outlet baffle (708) and the averaging blades (705), the averaging of the soil sample is realized.

5. The integrated equipment for grinding and sub-packaging soil samples according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet baffle (708) is configured as a hollow shell structure with an open lower end, and a feed hole is arranged on one side of the outlet baffle (708).

6. The integrated soil sample grinding and packaging device according to claim 5, wherein: A horizontal bracket (711) is arranged on one side of the lower end of the outlet baffle (708). A guiding slide rod (712) is longitudinally slidably penetrated through the horizontal bracket (711). The upper end of the guiding slide rod (712) is fixed to the outer bottom of the averaging plate (701), and a limiting convex block is arranged at the bottom of the guiding slide rod (712). Two electromagnetic plates with opposite magnetic poles are arranged between the horizontal bracket (711) and the outer bottom of the averaging plate (701).

7. The integrated soil sample grinding and packaging equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The packaging device (8) includes a partition plate (801) vertically arranged at the center below the averaging plate (701). Flow guiding funnels (802) installed on the inner side wall of the grinding cylinder (1) are arranged on both sides of the partition plate (801). A lead-out pipe (803) is arranged at the bottom of one of the flow guiding funnels (802), and a guiding pipe (804) inclined downward is arranged at the bottom of the other flow guiding funnel (802).

8. An integrated device for grinding and packaging soil samples according to claim 7, characterized in that: A longitudinally extending circulation pipe (805) is provided in the grinding cylinder (1). The lower end of the guiding pipe (804) communicates with the bottom of the circulation pipe (805). The upper end of the circulation pipe (805) passes through the annular bottom support plate (102) and the annular mounting plate (101) from bottom to top in sequence and is mounted on the annular mounting plate (101) above the grinding tank (3). A screw rod is rotatably mounted in the circulation pipe (805).

9. An integrated device for grinding and packaging soil samples according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inclined pipe (806) inclined downward is provided at the upper end of the circulation pipe (805) towards the grinding tank (3). Two ends of the inclined pipe (806) communicate with the circulation pipe (805) and the grinding tank (3) respectively.

10. The integrated equipment for grinding and sub-packaging soil samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first toothed ring (713) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the equalizing plate (701). A first motor (714) is mounted on the annular bottom support plate (102) through a first bracket. A first gear (715) meshing with the first toothed ring (713) is mounted at the output end of the first motor (714).

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