Composite plate compression test clamping device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material mechanical property detection, in particular to a composite material plate compression test clamping device, which comprises a fixed seat, and a clamping mechanism, a power device and a loading assembly which are arranged on the fixed seat, the clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly which are oppositely arranged, the first clamping assembly is driven by a power device to move towards the second clamping assembly, the sample plate is clamped and fixed from the two sides of the sample plate, and the stability of uniform clamping of the sample plate is ensured. The first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate are connected with the loading assembly and are driven by the loading assembly to move towards the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate respectively. A clamped and fixed sample plate is vertically loaded by independently controlling a loading assembly, the loading assembly comprises a downward pressing seat and a loading rod arranged on the downward pressing seat, a ball head part of the loading rod is rotationally connected with the downward pressing seat, a ball joint can compensate the installation angle deviation of the sample, and it is ensured that a compression load acts on the center of the sample plate in the vertical direction all the time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property testing of composite materials, and particularly to a clamping device for a composite plate compression test. Background Art

[0002] Composite plates have advantages such as lightweight and high specific strength, and are widely used in fields such as aerospace, automotive, and wind power. However, their anisotropy, interlayer interface fragility, and manufacturing defects (such as pores and fiber wrinkles) lead to significant discreteness in mechanical properties. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly test and verify their compression performance before actual application. According to the currently internationally recognized composite compression performance test specification, ASTM D6641 "Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composites", the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and failure mode of the test specimen plate are used as key test parameters.

[0003] The performance of composite plates highly depends on the ply design, such as fiber direction and number of layers, and the forming process, such as curing temperature and pressure. By standardizing the compression test to quantify key parameters such as compressive strength, elastic modulus, and failure mode, when the compression performance data is missing or the error exceeds 5%, the weight of the structural member needs to be increased by an additional 10% - 15% to compensate for the uncertainty.

[0004] During the standard evaluation process of the compression performance of composite plates, the two ends of the specimen are clamped by a rigid fixture and an axial compression load is applied, and the material performance parameters are calculated in combination with a strain measurement system. During the evaluation test, it is necessary to ensure that the fixture clamps the specimen evenly and that the force during the loading process acts on the center of the specimen. If the clamping is unstable or the loading is eccentric, it is easy to cause fracture in the non-gauge section, seriously interfering with the evaluation of the true compression performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a clamping device for a composite plate compression test, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A clamping device for a composite plate compression test, comprising a fixed seat and a clamping mechanism, a power device, and a loading assembly arranged thereon; The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly arranged oppositely, the first clamping assembly is arranged on a sliding seat and is driven by the power device to move towards the second clamping assembly; The first clamping assembly includes a first fixed clamping plate and a first movable clamping plate, the second clamping assembly includes a second fixed clamping plate and a second movable clamping plate, and the first fixed clamping plate and the first movable clamping plate are respectively arranged oppositely to the second fixed clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate; The first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate are both connected to the loading assembly, and are driven by the loading assembly to move towards the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate respectively.

[0007] Further, the sliding seat is vertically arranged on the fixed seat and is slidably connected thereto, and the power device and the clamping mechanism are respectively arranged on the horizontal two sides of the sliding seat; On the fixed seat, a third guide rail is arranged in the horizontal direction, and two third guide rails are arranged in parallel in the vertical plane, and the sliding seat is slidably connected to the third guide rail.

[0008] Further, the power device includes a preloading oil cylinder and a servo hydraulic pump. The preloading oil cylinder is arranged corresponding to the middle section of the sliding seat, and two servo hydraulic pumps are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the preloading oil cylinder.

[0009] Further, a top block is arranged on the output shaft of the preloading oil cylinder, and a limiting sliding groove is arranged on the sliding seat corresponding to the top block.

[0010] Further, the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are respectively arranged on the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and both the first guide rail and the second guide rail are arranged in the vertical direction; The first guide rail is arranged on the side of the sliding seat facing away from the power device, and the second guide rail is fixed on the fixed seat corresponding to the first guide rail.

[0011] Further, the first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate are respectively located above the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate, and are respectively slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail.

[0012] Further, the loading assembly includes a lower pressing seat and a loading rod arranged thereon. The loading rod is rotatably connected to the lower pressing seat through a ball head arranged at one end thereof; The second movable clamping plate is fixedly connected to the lower pressing seat. The first movable clamping plate is connected to the lower pressing seat through a tension spring and abuts against the lower pressing seat.

[0013] Further, a first positioning bolt and a second positioning bolt are respectively arranged on the lower pressing seat and the first movable clamping plate, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the first positioning bolt and the second positioning bolt; Two first positioning bolts and two second positioning bolts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower pressing seat and the first movable clamping plate respectively.

[0014] Further, a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate are arranged between the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly. The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are arranged in the vertical direction and are respectively attached to the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate. The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are respectively fixed on a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, and both the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are fixed on the fixed seat.

[0015] Further, arc surfaces are arranged on the back of the adjacent end of the first movable clamping plate and the first fixed clamping plate, and on the back of the adjacent end of the second movable clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this application, aiming at the three core problems of poor clamping stability, eccentric loading, and lateral force interference in the compression test of composite material plates, the sliding seat is driven by a power device to make the first clamping assembly cooperate with the second clamping assembly to clamp and fix the test sample plate from both sides of the test sample plate respectively, ensuring the stability of uniform clamping of the test sample plate. The vertically loaded clamping fixed test sample plate is independently controlled by a loading assembly. The loading assembly includes a lower pressing seat and a loading rod arranged thereon. The spherical head of the loading rod is rotatably connected to the lower pressing seat, and the spherical head joint can compensate for the installation angle deviation of the sample, ensuring that the compression load is along the vertical direction and always acts on the center of the test sample plate. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping device for the compression test of the composite material plate in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a specific structural schematic diagram of the clamping device for the compression test of the composite material plate in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power device in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a front view schematic diagram of the clamping device for the compression test of the composite material plate in the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1, fixed seat; 11, third guide rail; 12, second guide rail; 2, clamping mechanism; 21, first clamping assembly; 211, first fixed clamping plate; 212, first movable clamping plate; 213, second positioning bolt; 22, second clamping assembly; 221, second fixed clamping plate; 222, second movable clamping plate; 23, sliding seat; 231, limit chute; 24, first guide rail; 25, first limit plate; 26, second limit plate; 27, first mounting seat; 28, second mounting seat; 3, power device; 31, preloading oil cylinder; 311, top block; 32, servo hydraulic pump; 4, loading assembly; 41, lower pressing seat; 411, first positioning bolt; 42, loading rod; 421, ball head; 43, tension spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a middle element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manners.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 5A clamping device for the compression test of a composite material plate as shown includes a fixed seat 1, and a clamping mechanism 2, a power device 3 and a loading assembly 4 arranged thereon; the clamping mechanism 2 includes a first clamping assembly 21 and a second clamping assembly 22 which are arranged oppositely, the first clamping assembly 21 is arranged on a sliding seat 23 and is driven by the power device 3 to move towards the second clamping assembly 22; the first clamping assembly 21 includes a first fixed clamping plate 211 and a first movable clamping plate 212, the second clamping assembly 22 includes a second fixed clamping plate 221 and a second movable clamping plate 222, and the first fixed clamping plate 211 and the first movable clamping plate 212 are respectively arranged oppositely to the second fixed clamping plate 221 and the second movable clamping plate 222; both the first movable clamping plate 212 and the second movable clamping plate 222 are connected to the loading assembly 4 and are driven by the loading assembly 4 to move towards the first fixed clamping plate 211 and the second fixed clamping plate 221 respectively.

[0024] In the present invention, the sliding seat 23 is driven by the power device 3 to move the first clamping assembly 21 to form a two-way clamping with the second clamping assembly 22, and the test sample plate is clamped and fixed from both sides thereof, and then the vertically loaded test sample plate clamped and fixed is loaded through independently controlling the loading assembly 4; in the specific implementation process, the first clamping assembly 21 is driven by the power device 3 to make the first fixed clamping plate 211 and the first movable clamping plate 212 cooperate with the second fixed clamping plate 221 and the second movable clamping plate 222 to synchronously clamp the upper and lower ends of the test sample plate, so as to ensure the stability of uniformly clamping the test sample plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the sliding seat 23 is vertically arranged on the fixed seat 1 and is slidably connected thereto, and the power device 3 and the clamping mechanism 2 are respectively arranged on the horizontal two sides of the sliding seat 23; a third guide rail 11 is arranged on the fixed seat 1 in the horizontal direction, and two third guide rails 11 are arranged in parallel in the vertical plane, and the sliding seat 23 is slidably connected to the third guide rail 11.

[0026] The two third guide rails 11 arranged in parallel maintain the stable movement of the vertically arranged sliding seat 23 in the horizontal direction, and the lateral offset of the test sample plate under load is inhibited through the two third guide rails 11.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the power device 3 includes a preloading oil cylinder 31 and a servo hydraulic pump 32, the preloading oil cylinder 31 is arranged corresponding to the middle section of the sliding seat 23, and two servo hydraulic pumps 32 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the preloading oil cylinder 31. A top block 311 is arranged on the output shaft of the preloading oil cylinder 31, and a limiting chute 231 is arranged on the sliding seat 23 corresponding to the top block 311.

[0028] The preloading oil cylinder 31 is centrally arranged, and two servo hydraulic pumps 32 are symmetrically arranged above and below; in the initial clamping stage of the test sample plate, first, the preloading oil cylinder 31 drives the sliding seat 23 and drives the first clamping assembly 21 to tightly fix the test sample plate, and then drives the two servo hydraulic pumps 32 to precisely adjust the clamping force, and the clamping force can be controlled to be adjusted in an interval mode, so that the clamping force is more stable during the test process.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the first clamping assembly 21 and the second clamping assembly 22 are respectively arranged on the first guide rail 24 and the second guide rail 12, and both the first guide rail 24 and the second guide rail 12 are arranged in the vertical direction; the first guide rail 24 is arranged on the side of the sliding seat 23 facing away from the power device 3, and the second guide rail 12 is fixed to the fixed seat 1 corresponding to the first guide rail 24.

[0030] The first clamping assembly 21 and the second clamping assembly 22 are respectively arranged on the vertical guide rails to form a bilateral symmetric structure; further, the first movable clamping plate 212 and the second movable clamping plate 222 are respectively located above the first fixed clamping plate 211 and the second fixed clamping plate 221, and are respectively slidably connected to the first guide rail 24 and the second guide rail 12.

[0031] Traditional single-sided clamping is prone to generate eccentric moments. In this embodiment, the parallelism of the clamping surface is ensured by the constraints of the bilateral first guide rail 24 and the second guide rail 12, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed at both ends of the test sample plate; the first movable clamping plate 212 and the second movable clamping plate 222 move in the vertical direction, which can not only cooperate with the loading assembly 4 to move, but also adapt to test sample plates of different lengths.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the loading assembly 4 includes a lower pressing seat 41 and a loading rod 42 arranged thereon. The loading rod 42 is rotatably connected to the lower pressing seat 41 through a ball head 421 arranged at one end thereof; the second movable clamping plate 222 is fixedly connected to the lower pressing seat 41, and the first movable clamping plate 212 is connected to the lower pressing seat 41 through a tension spring 43 and abuts against the lower pressing seat 41.

[0033] The ball head 421 of the loading rod 42 is rotatably connected to the lower pressing seat 41, and the ball joint can compensate for the installation angle deviation of the specimen, ensure that the compression load is along the vertical direction, and always acts on the center of the test sample plate.

[0034] Further, a first positioning bolt 411 and a second positioning bolt 213 are respectively arranged on the lower pressing seat 41 and the first movable clamping plate 212, and both ends of the tension spring 43 are respectively connected to the first positioning bolt 411 and the second positioning bolt 213; two first positioning bolts 411 and two second positioning bolts 213 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower pressing seat 41 and the first movable clamping plate 212 respectively.

[0035] The first movable clamping plate 212 is directly fixedly connected to the lower pressing seat 41, and the second movable clamping plate 222 is abutted against the bottom of the lower pressing seat 41 through a tension spring 43, ensuring that the first movable clamping plate 212 and the second movable clamping plate 222 are always symmetrically arranged and will not affect the lateral movement of the first movable clamping plate 212.

[0036] A first limiting plate 25 and a second limiting plate 26 are arranged between the first clamping assembly 21 and the second clamping assembly 22. The first limiting plate 25 and the second limiting plate 26 are arranged in the vertical direction and are respectively attached to the first fixed clamping plate 211 and the second fixed clamping plate 221; the first limiting plate 25 and the second limiting plate 26 are respectively fixed on the first mounting seat 27 and the second mounting seat 28, and the first mounting seat 27 and the second mounting seat are both fixed on the fixed seat 1.

[0037] During the clamping process of the test sample plate, its upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the first limiting plate 25 and the second limiting plate 26. The first limiting plate 25 and the second limiting plate 26 are respectively fixed on the first mounting seat 27 and the second mounting seat 28, which is convenient for replacing the specification of the limiting plate according to the size of the test sample plate.

[0038] Furthermore, arc surfaces are provided on the back of the adjacent ends of the first movable clamping plate 212 and the first fixed clamping plate 211, and on the back of the adjacent ends of the second movable clamping plate 222 and the second fixed clamping plate 221. The front end of the clamping surface is processed with an R angle thinning, ensuring more accurate test data.

[0039] In this embodiment, dense stripes are processed on the clamping surface of the clamping assembly to increase the friction coefficient and prevent the test sample plate from slipping. The material of the clamping surface is selected as high-strength aluminum alloy, which not only ensures the stiffness but also avoids damaging the surface of the composite material sample.

[0040] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A clamping device for the compression test of a composite material board, characterized in that, It includes a fixed seat, and a clamping mechanism, a power device and a loading component arranged thereon; The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping component and a second clamping component arranged oppositely. The first clamping component is arranged on a sliding seat and is driven by the power device to move towards the second clamping component; The first clamping component includes a first fixed clamping plate and a first movable clamping plate, and the second clamping component includes a second fixed clamping plate and a second movable clamping plate. The first fixed clamping plate and the first movable clamping plate are respectively arranged oppositely to the second fixed clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate; Both the first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate are connected to the loading component and are driven by the loading component to move towards the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate respectively.

2. The clamping device for the composite material plate compression test according to claim 1, wherein, The sliding seat is vertically arranged on the fixed seat and is slidably connected thereto. The power device and the clamping mechanism are respectively arranged on the horizontal two sides of the sliding seat; A third guide rail is arranged on the fixed seat in the horizontal direction. There are two third guide rails arranged in parallel in the vertical plane. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the third guide rail.

3. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 2, wherein, The power device includes a preloading oil cylinder and a servo hydraulic pump. The preloading oil cylinder is arranged corresponding to the middle section of the sliding seat, and two servo hydraulic pumps are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the preloading oil cylinder.

4. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A top block is arranged on the output shaft of the preloading oil cylinder, and a limiting chute is arranged on the sliding seat corresponding to the top block.

5. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first clamping component and the second clamping component are respectively arranged on a first guide rail and a second guide rail. Both the first guide rail and the second guide rail are arranged in the vertical direction; The first guide rail is arranged on the side of the sliding seat facing away from the power device, and the second guide rail is fixed on the fixed seat corresponding to the first guide rail.

6. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate are respectively located above the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate, and are respectively slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail.

7. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The loading component includes a pressing seat and a loading rod arranged thereon. The loading rod is rotationally connected to the pressing seat through a ball head arranged at one end thereof; The second movable clamping plate is fixedly connected to the pressing seat. The first movable clamping plate is connected to the pressing seat through a tension spring and abuts against the pressing seat.

8. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first positioning bolt and a second positioning bolt are respectively arranged on the pressing seat and the first movable clamping plate. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the first positioning bolt and the second positioning bolt; Two first positioning bolts and two second positioning bolts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressing seat and the first movable clamping plate respectively.

9. The composite board compression test clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first limiting plate and a second limiting plate are arranged between the first clamping component and the second clamping component. The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are arranged in the vertical direction and are respectively attached to the first fixed clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate; The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are respectively fixed on a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat. Both the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are fixed on the fixed seat.

10. The composite plate compression test clamping device according to claim 1, wherein, Arc surfaces are provided on the back of the adjacent ends of the first movable clamping plate and the first fixed clamping plate, and on the back of the adjacent ends of the second movable clamping plate and the second fixed clamping plate.

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