A method, system, equipment and medium for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of slope foundation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, equipment and medium for slope foundation, and relates to the technical field of open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring. The present invention forms a dual-perspective detection layout by installing a dual-perspective sparse array antenna outside the monitoring area of ​​the slope foundation, replacing the traditional mechanical rotating scanning radar for the slope, and simultaneously performing a dual-perspective scan of the monitoring area, breaking through the limitation of single-perspective monitoring that can only monitor the line-of-sight direction of the ground slope, so as to obtain deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the monitoring area in the dual-line-of-sight direction, obtain the normal vector of the monitoring point along the displacement direction of the slope dip surface, and combine its deformation data in the dual-line-of-sight direction to calculate the deformation rate of the point, and further deduce the deformation rate of the slope foundation as a whole, thereby realizing high-precision three-dimensional deformation monitoring of the slope foundation in all directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of open pit mine slope deformation monitoring, and in particular to a slope foundation three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mining is a widely used mining method in the modern mining industry, characterized by large-scale mineral extraction conducted directly on the surface. As mines continue to expand in size, slope stability issues in open-pit mines are becoming increasingly serious. Slope instability or landslides can not only damage equipment and waste mineral resources, but in more serious cases, can also cause loss of life and property. Therefore, real-time monitoring of open-pit mines, especially early warning of risks such as slope deformation and landslides, is a crucial measure to ensure safe mine production and reduce the risk of natural disasters. To effectively monitor slope deformation and landslide risks in open-pit mines, traditional manual monitoring methods are gradually failing to meet the growing demand. These methods are not only inefficient but also unable to cover large areas and complex terrain. The emergence of modern remote sensing technology, particularly monitoring methods based on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), has provided more efficient and accurate solutions for mine inspection.

[0003] Currently, ground-based synthetic aperture radar technology is widely used. Compared with traditional satellite-borne or airborne SAR, ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) has significant advantages in observation angle, revisit period, flexibility of use and cost. In the process of monitoring high and steep slopes in large open-pit mines in high-altitude and cold areas, the monitoring path of GB-SAR is a key issue. However, because GB-SAR usually only performs mechanical rotational scanning of the slope and can only monitor low-precision deformation of the ground slope in the line of sight direction, it is difficult to perform all-round and high-precision monitoring of the ground slope. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system, device, and medium for monitoring the three-dimensional deformation of a slope foundation. These methods can address the problem in the prior art that the existing GB-SAR only performs mechanical scanning of the slope and can only monitor low-precision deformation of the ground slope in the line of sight, making it difficult to perform all-round, high-precision monitoring of the ground slope.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of a slope foundation. A radio frequency radar is installed outside a monitoring area of ​​the slope foundation. Sparse array antennas are installed on both sides of the radio frequency radar to enable the radio frequency radar to perform dual-view detection. Multiple GNSS smart corner reflectors are deployed within the monitoring area, with each GNSS smart corner reflector serving as a monitoring point. The monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0006] Each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides of the radio frequency radar is activated in turn through time division multiplexing. Each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-viewing direction observation data;

[0007] Take any monitoring point as the reference monitoring point, obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the two viewing directions from the dual-viewing direction observation data, and use the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points to obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point;

[0008] Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in the two viewing angle directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point based on the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point;

[0009] According to the deformation rate of the benchmark monitoring point, the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation is obtained.

[0010] Preferably, the antenna layout of the sparse array antenna is an equidistant linear array; the measurement process of the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar includes:

[0011] Each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar is activated sequentially through time division multiplexing. Only one transmitting antenna works in each time slice, and the receiving antenna receives signals all the time. At the same time, electronic beam scanning is used to control the phase of each antenna unit in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar through the phased array method, forming beams pointing in different directions to scan the monitoring area.

[0012] When each antenna unit in the sparse array antenna transmits signals in sequence according to the time slice to scan the monitoring area, the phase difference between adjacent antenna units is adjusted. , controlling the scanning angles of the beams of different antenna units to perform omnidirectional scanning;

[0013] Phase difference between adjacent antenna elements Expressed as:

[0014] ;

[0015] in: Represents the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements; Indicates the antenna unit spacing; Indicates the signal wavelength; Indicates the beam pointing angle.

[0016] Preferably, before obtaining the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point using the deformation data in two viewing angle directions and the normal vector, the method further comprises:

[0017] According to the displacement vector of each monitoring point during the acquisition of two adjacent images of the radio frequency radar, , and the displacement vector based on each monitoring point is , slope distance , elevation and the radar line of sight direction unit vector , the interference phase model is established as:

[0018] ;

[0019] Obtaining parameters through the least squares method , and the interference phase is obtained , using the interference phase Correct the deformation data of the benchmark monitoring points in two viewing directions.

[0020] Preferably, obtaining the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point includes:

[0021] The sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar are respectively and Transmit radar information to the monitoring area and obtain benchmark monitoring points within the monitoring area Deformation in two viewing directions and ;

[0022] Extract monitoring points from all monitoring points The coordinates of the six neighboring points around are used to fit the local plane equation and obtain the monitoring point through the plane equation. Normal vector , combined with monitoring points The unit vector in the vertical direction , calculate monitoring points The direction of the inclination surface ;

[0023] The monitoring points are all within the inclination plane of the slope foundation, and the constraint equations are:

[0024] ;

[0025] ;

[0026] ;

[0027] in: and Represents the sight direction vector of the dual-view radar in the two sight directions; the constraint equation group is expressed as:

[0028] ;

[0029] in: ; ;

[0030] Obtain monitoring points through the constraint equations The actual displacement , and according to the monitoring points The time interval during measurement , get monitoring points The deformation rate per unit time is:

[0031] ;

[0032] in: Indicates monitoring point The rate of deformation per unit time.

[0033] Preferably, after the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation is acquired, the instability risk of the slope foundation is assessed, including:

[0034] The three-dimensional deformation rate of the benchmark monitoring point in the monitoring area 、 and Input into the geomechanical model and combine it with the gravitational acceleration of the rock and soil , soil friction angle , soil cohesion and soil density , calculate the shear stress and driving force in the monitoring area;

[0035] Shear stress Expressed as:

[0036] ;

[0037] driving force Expressed as:

[0038] ;

[0039] in: represents the landslide failure angle; represents the coefficient of kinetic friction; represents the thickness of the landslide mass; represents the effective normal stress, ;

[0040] Assess the instability risk of slope foundation based on the shear stress and driving force in the monitored area , expressed as:

[0041] ;

[0042] Set a risk threshold ,like , then a landslide alarm will be issued for the slope foundation.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a three-dimensional deformation monitoring system for a slope foundation, comprising:

[0044] The measurement module is used to activate each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides of the radio frequency radar in turn through time division multiplexing. Each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-viewing direction observation data;

[0045] The monitoring module is used to take any monitoring point as a reference monitoring point, obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two viewing directions from the dual-viewing direction observation data, and obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point by using the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points;

[0046] Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in the two viewing angle directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point according to the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point;

[0047] According to the deformation rate of the benchmark monitoring point, the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation is obtained.

[0048] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor;

[0049] The memory is used to store computer programs;

[0050] The processor is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of slope foundation when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of a slope foundation.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system, device, and medium for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of a slope foundation. Compared with the prior art, the methods and systems have the following advantages:

[0053] The present invention installs a dual-view sparse array antenna outside the monitoring area of ​​the slope foundation to form a dual-view detection layout, replacing the traditional mechanical rotating scanning radar for the slope. At the same time, time division multiplexing technology is used to activate each antenna in the dual-view sparse array antenna in sequence to perform dual-view scans on the monitoring area in sequence, breaking through the limitation of single-view monitoring that can only monitor the line-of-sight direction of the ground slope, so as to obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the monitoring area in the dual-view directions, and obtain the normal vector of the monitoring point in the displacement direction of the slope inclination surface, so as to combine the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the dual-view directions and the normal vector in the displacement direction to obtain the deformation rate of the monitoring point, which is then expanded to the deformation rate of the entire slope foundation to obtain high-precision three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation in all directions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the execution flow of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a monitoring device for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a first layout of a dual-view sparse array radar for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a second layout of a dual-view sparse array radar for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of rock and soil slope failure types in a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the inclination surface of a rock and soil slope failure in a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principle of a dual-view 3D deformation inversion technology based on inclination surface constraints for a 3D deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0062] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundations. It replaces the mechanical moving part of the traditional slope radar with an all-solid-state design, improves the data acquisition speed, overcomes the high-precision and rapid deformation measurement technology, improves the radar data sampling rate, and solves the problem of data loss in the pre-slip stage of the slope radar; through the intelligent angular reverse domain monitoring data real-time compensation algorithm, the atmospheric phase compensation accuracy is improved; through the dual-view array antenna time division multiplexing technology, the slope radar domain three-dimensional deformation monitoring is realized; thereby solving the problems of slow acquisition speed, large atmospheric error interference, and small monitoring dimensions of traditional slope radar in the deformation monitoring of high and steep slopes in large open-pit mines in high-altitude and cold areas.

[0063] The specific plan includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: Initialization: define radar monitoring parameters, including monitoring distance R, scanning period T, etc., and use a rotating grating encoder to perform angle measurement of the sparse array radar on both sides.

[0065] Step S2: Data acquisition: Obtain slope surface echo data through dual-view sparse array radar, using a time-division multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output monitoring subsystem. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The figure shows the working of the deployed dual-view sparse array radar; specifically:

[0066] Sparse array antennas are installed on both sides of the radio frequency and digital processing system to form a dual-viewing geometry structure and improve the stability of three-dimensional deformation inversion; TDM-MIMO is adopted to activate different transmitting antennas in sequence in a time-division manner, while the receiving antennas keep working simultaneously, and transmit signals through multiple time slices, so that multiple antennas are multiplexed in the time domain, thereby avoiding signal interference; electronic beam scanning is adopted to control the phase of the antenna unit through phased array technology to form beams pointing in different directions, realizing non-contact scanning. Electronic scanning can quickly change the beam direction, increase the scanning speed, and avoid mechanical structure errors.

[0067] When multiple antenna units transmit signals simultaneously, if the signals from different antennas have a fixed phase difference, the signals will interfere (enhance) in a specific direction and destructively interfere (weaken) in other directions; the angle It can be expressed as:

[0068] .

[0069] in: Represents the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements; Indicates the antenna unit spacing; Indicates the signal wavelength; Indicates the beam pointing angle. By changing The size of the beam can be controlled to control the scanning angle of the beam, thereby realizing electronic scanning.

[0070] Multiple antennas are used at both the transmitting and receiving ends to improve spatial resolution, and beamforming and signal processing technologies are used to improve the system's detection and measurement accuracy of targets.

[0071] Step S3: Error compensation: Use GNSS smart corner reflector to correct atmospheric phase error and perform real-time compensation in the smart corner reflector domain to improve data accuracy. Specifically:

[0072] Assume that the monitoring area is deployed GNSS smart corner reflectors constitute The absolute position information of each measuring point and radar station is accurately measured using RTK, so the slant distance of each measuring point can be calculated. , elevation and the radar line of sight direction unit vector ; Assume that The displacement vector of the corner reflector obtained by GNSS measurement during the acquisition of two adjacent images at a measurement point is: , then the deformation phase at the measuring point is .

[0073] Then use Interference phase of each measuring point , the following set of equations can be established:

[0074] .

[0075] The unknown parameters can be estimated using the least squares method .

[0076] Thus, the slant range and elevation of each pixel in each radar image can be obtained based on the radar image and the external reference terrain. The atmospheric phase of each pixel can be obtained, and then the atmospheric phase can be accurately compensated. From the above description, it can be seen that the method proposed by the present invention does not need to assume that the measuring point is a stable point (that is, no deformation occurs), and can also make full use of even unstable measuring point data.

[0077] Step S4: 3D deformation calculation: Combine the dual-view data to calculate the projection values ​​of the deformation in two directions, and use the inclined surface constraint algorithm to invert the real 3D deformation vector. Specifically:

[0078] Assume that a point in the monitoring area The displacement between two adjacent images is , the radar sight direction unit vector is , then the traditional GBSAR system can measure the projection value of the displacement vector ; It can be seen that when using one radar, the additional two-dimensional information of the three-dimensional displacement will be lost; Assuming that three GBSAR systems are deployed, the unit vectors of the line of sight of each radar are recorded as , the displacement projections measured by each radar are recorded as , the following set of equations can be established:

[0079] .

[0080] in: ;matrix .

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, according to the rock and soil mechanics theory, there are four main types of rock and soil slope failure, such as Figure 5 The plane failure represented by (a) is as follows: Figure 5 The wedge failure shown in (b) is as follows: Figure 5 The arc-shaped failure represented by (c) is as follows: Figure 5 (d) shows the overturning failure. It can be seen that when the slope fails, the displacement direction is approximately within the dip surface. The position of the dip surface is as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0082] Based on the above description, the present invention proposes a dual-view 3D deformation inversion technology based on the inclination surface constraint, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0083] Assume that there are two radars from two directions Observed a point in the monitoring area Deformation , from which the following two equations can be established:

[0084] .

[0085] .

[0086] However, in practice, the actual displacement There are three unknown quantities. Find There is still one equation missing; then using the terrain point cloud data provided by the outside, we can use Click the 6 nearest points to estimate Normal vector at the point , and then calculate Slope direction at point , which is the direction of the inclination surface.

[0087] By assuming that the actual displacement vector lies within the dip surface, the third constraint condition is obtained: , combining the three equations to obtain the following system of equations:

[0088] .

[0089] in: ; .

[0090] Obtained in the solution After a time interval , you can get the deformation rate per unit time for:

[0091] .

[0092] Step S5: Data fusion and analysis: Combined with the geological model, deformation rate is calculated and potential unstable areas are assessed. Specifically:

[0093] In the calculation of the potential unstable area, set The deformation rate of a monitoring point can be calculated by combining the three-dimensional deformation data of the dual-view sparse array radar with the geological model and is expressed as:

[0094] .

[0095] in: represents the three-dimensional deformation rate; represents the acceleration due to gravity; represents the soil friction angle; Indicates soil cohesion; Indicates the density of rock and soil.

[0096] The calculation formula is expressed as:

[0097] .

[0098] represents the shear stress, and the calculation formula is:

[0099] .

[0100] represents the driving force shear stress, and the calculation formula is:

[0101] .

[0102] in: represents the landslide failure angle; represents the coefficient of kinetic friction; represents the thickness of the landslide mass; represents the effective normal stress, which is calculated as follows:

[0103] .

[0104] Set a threshold ,like , a landslide warning is triggered, otherwise, monitoring continues.

[0105] Step S6: Data transmission: The data is transmitted to the server via the TCP / IP network.

[0106] Step S7: If , it is considered that the risk assessment does not exceed the threshold, and it is considered that there is no landslide risk, and the process returns to step S2 to continue monitoring the deformation of the target point at the next moment; if , then execute step S8.

[0107] Step S8: triggering an early warning and sending landslide risk information to the management system.

[0108] This invention addresses the challenges of traditional slope radar for deformation monitoring of steep slopes in cold and high-altitude areas, such as slow acquisition speed, significant atmospheric error interference, and limited monitoring dimensions. By adopting a dual-view radar layout and combining it with sparse array antenna technology, this approach overcomes the limitations of single-view monitoring and enables three-dimensional deformation resolution of slope surfaces. A GNSS intelligent corner reflector is introduced to acquire precise displacement data in real time. Based on a high-precision atmospheric phase error correction model, this method effectively compensates for phase errors caused by atmospheric inhomogeneity, improving monitoring accuracy. Combined with slope geological structure analysis, the solution space for deformation resolution is constrained by using a dip surface assumption, thereby reducing resolution errors and achieving higher-precision three-dimensional deformation measurement. A motion-free, all-solid-state design utilizes TDM-MIMO (time division multiple input, multiple output) technology to increase data acquisition speed and enhance device stability, making it suitable for harsh environments at cold and high altitudes. This invention overcomes the one-dimensional line-of-sight limitation of traditional GB-SAR monitoring. By leveraging dual-view angles, intelligent corner reflectors, dip surface constraints, and all-solid-state electronic scanning, this invention provides a new approach for high-precision, timely, and comprehensive slope deformation monitoring.

[0109] Compared with the traditional GB-SAR radar monitoring model, the present invention directly proposes a slope foundation dual-view sparse array three-dimensional deformation monitoring device based on the actual monitoring conditions of open-pit mines, which realizes high-precision three-dimensional deformation monitoring of high and steep slopes in high-altitude areas. The all-solid-state design replaces the mechanical movement part of the traditional slope radar, thereby improving the data acquisition speed; the intelligent angular reverse domain monitoring data real-time compensation algorithm is used to improve the atmospheric phase compensation accuracy; the dual-view array antenna time division multiplexing technology is used to realize slope radar domain three-dimensional deformation monitoring; and the problems of slow acquisition speed, large atmospheric error interference, and small monitoring dimension of traditional slope radar in deformation monitoring of high and steep slopes in cold and high-altitude areas are solved.

[0110] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundation, characterized in that: A radio frequency radar is installed outside the monitoring area of ​​the slope foundation, and sparse array antennas are installed on both sides of the radio frequency radar to enable the radio frequency radar to perform dual-view detection. A plurality of GNSS smart corner reflectors are arranged in the monitoring area, and each GNSS smart corner reflector serves as a monitoring point. The monitoring method comprises the following steps: Each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides of the radio frequency radar is activated in turn through time division multiplexing. Each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-viewing direction observation data; Take any monitoring point as the reference monitoring point, obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the two viewing directions from the dual-viewing direction observation data, and use the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points to obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in the two viewing angle directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point based on the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point; According to the deformation rate of the benchmark monitoring point, the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation is obtained; Acquisition of the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point includes: The sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar are respectively and Transmit radar information to the monitoring area and obtain benchmark monitoring points within the monitoring area Deformation in two viewing directions and ; Extract monitoring points from all monitoring points The coordinates of the six neighboring points around are used to fit the local plane equation and obtain the monitoring point through the plane equation. Normal vector , combined with monitoring points The unit vector in the vertical direction , calculate monitoring points The direction of the inclination surface ; The monitoring points are all within the inclination plane of the slope foundation, and the constraint equations are: ； ； ； in: and Represents the sight direction vector of the dual-view radar in the two sight directions; the constraint equation group is expressed as: ； in: ; ; Obtain monitoring points through the constraint equations The actual displacement , and according to the monitoring points The time interval during measurement , get monitoring points The deformation rate per unit time is: ； in: Indicates monitoring point The rate of deformation per unit time.

2. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna layout of the sparse array antenna is an equidistant linear array. The measurement process of the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar includes: Each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar is activated sequentially through time division multiplexing. Only one transmitting antenna works in each time slice, and the receiving antenna receives signals all the time. At the same time, electronic beam scanning is used to control the phase of each antenna unit in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar through the phased array method, forming beams pointing in different directions to scan the monitoring area. When each antenna unit in the sparse array antenna transmits signals in sequence according to the time slice to scan the monitoring area, the phase difference between adjacent antenna units is adjusted. , controlling the scanning angles of the beams of different antenna units to perform omnidirectional scanning; Phase difference between adjacent antenna elements Expressed as: ； in: Represents the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements; Indicates the antenna unit spacing; Indicates the signal wavelength; Indicates the beam pointing angle.

3. The method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of a slope foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before obtaining the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point using the deformation data in two viewing angle directions and the normal vector, the method further includes: According to the displacement vector of each monitoring point during the acquisition of two adjacent images of the radio frequency radar, , and the displacement vector based on each monitoring point is , slope distance , elevation and the radar line of sight direction unit vector , the interference phase model is established as: ； Obtaining parameters through the least squares method , and the interference phase is obtained , using the interference phase Correct the deformation data of the benchmark monitoring points in two viewing directions.

4. The method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of a slope foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation is obtained, the instability risk of the slope foundation is assessed, including: The three-dimensional deformation rate of the benchmark monitoring point in the monitoring area 、 and Input into the geomechanical model and combine it with the gravitational acceleration of the rock and soil , soil friction angle , soil cohesion and soil density , calculate the shear stress and driving force in the monitoring area; Shear stress Expressed as: ； driving force Expressed as: ； in: represents the landslide failure angle; represents the coefficient of kinetic friction; represents the thickness of the landslide mass; represents the effective normal stress, ; Assess the instability risk of slope foundation based on the shear stress and driving force in the monitored area , expressed as: ； Set a risk threshold ,like , then a landslide alarm will be issued for the slope foundation.

5. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring system for slope foundation, characterized in that: include: The measurement module is used to activate each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides of the radio frequency radar in turn through time division multiplexing. Each antenna in the sparse array antenna on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-viewing direction observation data; The monitoring module is used to take any monitoring point as a reference monitoring point, obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two viewing directions from the dual-viewing direction observation data, and obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point by using the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points; Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in the two viewing angle directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point based on the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point; According to the deformation rate of the benchmark monitoring point, the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation is obtained; Acquisition of the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point includes: The sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar are respectively and Transmit radar information to the monitoring area and obtain benchmark monitoring points within the monitoring area Deformation in two viewing directions and ; Extract monitoring points from all monitoring points The coordinates of the six neighboring points around are used to fit the local plane equation and obtain the monitoring point through the plane equation. Normal vector , combined with monitoring points The unit vector in the vertical direction , calculate monitoring points The direction of the inclination surface ; The monitoring points are all within the inclination plane of the slope foundation, and the constraint equations are: ； ； ； in: and Represents the sight direction vector of the dual-view radar in the two sight directions; the constraint equation group is expressed as: ； in: ; ; Obtain monitoring points through the constraint equations The actual displacement , and according to the monitoring points The time interval during measurement , get monitoring points The deformation rate per unit time is: ； in: Indicates monitoring point The rate of deformation per unit time.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is configured to implement the steps of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that Used to store a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images