Multi-gap lightning arrester structure optimization method based on orthogonal test

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-gap lightning arrester structure optimization method based on an orthogonal test. The method comprises the steps that the purpose of determining multi-gap lightning arrester structure optimization is to improve the lightning current arc discharge efficiency; obtaining a motion characteristic characterization index of the arc magnetofluid; respectively determining factors associated with different motion characteristic characterization indexes; determining a level included by each factor by combining a multi-gap lightning arrester processing technology and an actual installation working condition; establishing a matched orthogonal table according to factors and levels corresponding to different motion characteristic characterization indexes; carrying out an arc extinguishing test according to the orthogonal table, and carrying out range analysis or variance analysis on a test result to obtain a plurality of optimal factor level combinations; according to the multiple optimal factor level combinations, each factor level is scored, and a final factor level combination is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lightning protection for transmission lines in petrochemical industry, and particularly relates to an optimization method for the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments. Background Art

[0002] Transmission lines are the basic components of the power grid. When a transmission line is struck by lightning, it may cause the transmission line to trip, and in severe cases, the line may break, resulting in significant losses to people and property. Installing a multi-gap lightning arrester is an important technical means to prevent lightning trips of transmission lines. The multi-gap lightning arrester can effectively discharge lightning current, and its volt-second characteristic can effectively protect the transmission line.

[0003] The multi-gap lightning arrester is an effective means to resist lightning strikes on transmission lines. However, the structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester is relatively diverse, and the arc extinguishing effect is jointly affected by multiple parameters. There is no complete set of methods for optimizing the structure of multi-gap lightning arresters in the existing technology. To obtain the optimal parameter combination of the multi-gap lightning arrester, the present invention proposes an optimization method for the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experimental design, and uses the orthogonal experimental method to optimize the parameter structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of the multi-gap lightning arrester structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes an optimization method for the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments, which is reasonably designed, overcomes the deficiencies of the existing technology, and has good effects.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An optimization method for the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Determine that the purpose of optimizing the structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester is to improve the efficiency of discharging the lightning current arc;

[0008] S2. To improve the efficiency of discharging the lightning current arc, based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics, obtain the motion characteristic characterization indexes of the arc magnetohydrodynamics;

[0009] S3. Respectively determine the factors associated with different motion characteristic characterization indexes;

[0010] S4. Combine the processing technology of the multi-gap lightning arrester and the actual installation conditions to determine the levels included in each factor;

[0011] S5. Establish a matching orthogonal table according to the factors and levels corresponding to different motion characteristic characterization indexes;

[0012] S6. Conduct arc extinction tests according to the orthogonal array, perform range analysis or variance analysis on the test results, and obtain the optimal combination of factor levels.

[0013] Further, in S2, the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of the arc magnetohydrodynamics include arc conductivity, maximum jet height of the arc, maximum jet velocity of the arc, and arc temperature.

[0014] Further, in S3, the factors for optimizing the multi-gap structure include the depth of the arc extinction hole, the diameter of the arc extinction hole, the gap distance, the material of the insulating material, and the size and material of the spherical metal electrode.

[0015] Further, the established orthogonal array is L n (t c ), where t is the number of factors, c is the number of levels, and n is the number of tests.

[0016] Further, in S6, the range analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum K of the test indexes at each level of each factor according to the test results of each factor level, then calculate the mean value k, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the size of the k value; Calculate the range R corresponding to different factors to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the characterization indexes of the arc motion characteristics, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

[0017] Further, in S6, the expression of k is: k = K / c.

[0018] Further, in S6, the size of R is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of k under each factor.

[0019] Further, the larger the value of R, the greater the influence of the corresponding factor on the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics.

[0020] Further, in S6, the variance analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum of squared deviations and degrees of freedom of each column, list the variance analysis table, perform F-test, analyze the test results, and obtain the optimal combination.

[0021] Further, the multi-gap arrester is an arrester for 6 - 110 kV power transmission and distribution lines, and this arrester is installed in parallel with the insulator.

[0022] Further, in S7, first, in each optimal combination of factor levels, the factor level with the greatest influence is scored t points, the score decreases as the influence decreases, the factor level with the least influence is scored 1 point, and the factor level that does not appear is scored 0 point;

[0023] Secondly, select the t factor levels with the highest scores as the final combination of factor levels, where the factors in the t factor levels are all different.

[0024] The beneficial technical effects brought by the present invention:

[0025] For the first time, the present invention combines the design of multi-gap structure parameters with the characteristics of arc magnetohydrodynamic motion to test the advantages and disadvantages of multi-gap structure parameters based on the laws of arc magnetohydrodynamic motion characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-gap structure in the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. On the contrary, they are merely examples of methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0029] The terms used in the present disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular forms "a", "said", and "the" used in the present disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] The following further describes the specific implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0031] A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments, as Figure 1 shown, includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Determine that the purpose of optimizing the structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester is to improve the efficiency of discharging the lightning current arc;

[0033] The multi-gap lightning arrester designed in the present invention belongs to the lightning arrester for 6-110 kV power transmission and distribution lines, and the installation method is to be installed in parallel with the insulator. After the lightning current hits the high-voltage transmission line conductor, the lightning current is discharged to the ground through the multi-gap lightning arrester, an arc channel is established, and the lightning current energy ejects the arc outward through the arc extinguishing holes of the multi-gap lightning arrester to dissipate the energy;

[0034] The basic composition structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester is a multi-gap structure, as Figure 2 shown, the multi-gap structure includes but is not limited to the following parameters: L1 represents the depth of the arc extinguishing hole, represents the diameter of the arc extinguishing hole, L2 represents the gap distance, the middle circular part is a spherical metal electrode, and the shaded part is an insulating material;

[0035] S2. To improve the efficiency of discharging lightning current arcs, based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics, obtain the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of arc magnetohydrodynamics;

[0036] The characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of arc magnetohydrodynamics include arc conductivity, maximum arc jet height, maximum arc jet velocity, and arc temperature.

[0037] S2. To improve the efficiency of discharging lightning current arcs, based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics, obtain the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of arc magnetohydrodynamics;

[0038] S3. Determine the factors associated with different motion characteristic characterization indexes respectively;

[0039] The factors for optimizing the multi-gap structure include the depth A of the arc extinguishing hole, the diameter B of the arc extinguishing hole, the gap distance C, the material D of the insulating material, the size E of the spherical metal electrode, and the material F;

[0040] S4. Combine the processing technology of the multi-gap arrester and the actual installation conditions to determine the levels included in each factor;

[0041] S5. Establish a matching orthogonal table according to the factors and levels corresponding to the selected motion characteristic characterization indexes;

[0042] The established orthogonal table is L n (t c ), where t is the number of factors, c is the number of levels, and n is the number of tests.

[0043] S6. Conduct tests according to the orthogonal table, perform range analysis or variance analysis on the test results, and obtain the optimal factor level combination.

[0044] The variance analysis is as follows: Calculate the K value according to the test results of each factor level, obtain the k value by taking the average, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the size of the k value; Calculate the range R to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the arc motion characteristic characterization index, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

[0045] The range analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum of squared deviations and degrees of freedom of each column, list the variance analysis table, perform F test, analyze the test results, and obtain the optimal combination.

[0046] S7. According to multiple optimal factor level combinations, score each factor level respectively to obtain the final factor level combination;

[0047] First, in each optimal factor level combination, the factor level with the greatest influence is recorded as t points, the score decreases as the influence decreases, the factor level with the smallest influence is recorded as 1 point, and the factor level that does not appear is recorded as 0 point;

[0048] Secondly, select the t factor levels with the highest scores as the final factor level combination, where the factors in the t factor levels are all different.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Determine the purpose of optimizing the structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester to improve the efficiency of discharging lightning current arcs;

[0052] The multi-gap lightning arrester designed in the present invention belongs to the lightning arrester used in 6-110 kV power transmission and distribution lines, and the installation method is to be installed in parallel with the insulator. After the lightning current hits the high-voltage transmission line conductor, the lightning current is discharged to the ground through the multi-gap lightning arrester, an arc channel is established, and the lightning current energy sprays the arc outward through the arc extinguishing holes of the multi-gap lightning arrester to dissipate energy;

[0053] The basic composition structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester is a multi-gap structure. As Figure 2 shown, the multi-gap structure includes but is not limited to the following parameters: L1 represents the depth of the arc extinguishing hole, represents the diameter of the arc extinguishing hole, L2 represents the gap distance, and the middle circular part is a spherical gold electrode;

[0054] S2. To improve the efficiency of discharging lightning current arcs, based on the magnetohydrodynamics theory, obtain the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of the arc magnetofluid;

[0055] The characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of the arc magnetofluid include arc conductivity, maximum arc jet height, maximum arc jet speed, and arc temperature.

[0056] The purpose of optimizing the structure of the multi-gap lightning arrester in the present invention is to enable the multi-gap lightning arrester to discharge lightning current arcs more efficiently; in order to enable the multi-gap lightning arrester to discharge lightning current arcs more efficiently, based on the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) theory, the characterization index of the motion characteristics of the arc magnetofluid obtained is the maximum arc jet height.

[0057] S3. Determine the factors associated with the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics;

[0058] The factors for optimizing the multi-gap structure include the depth A of the arc extinguishing hole, the diameter B of the arc extinguishing hole, the gap distance C, the insulating material D, the size E and material F of the spherical metal electrode.

[0059] The factors associated with the maximum arc jet height are: the depth A of the arc extinguishing hole, the diameter B of the arc extinguishing hole, and the gap distance C;

[0060] The factors associated with the maximum arc jet speed are: the depth A of the arc extinguishing hole, the diameter B of the arc extinguishing hole, and the gap distance C;

[0061] The factors associated with the arc conductivity are: the depth A of the arc extinction hole, the diameter B of the arc extinction hole, and the gap distance C;

[0062] The factors associated with the arc temperature are: the depth A of the arc extinction hole, the diameter B of the arc extinction hole, and the gap distance C;

[0063] S4. Determine the levels included in each factor in combination with the multi-gap arrester processing technology and the actual installation working conditions;

[0064] Three levels are selected for each factor.

[0065] S5. Establish a matching orthogonal array L n (t c ) according to the factors and levels corresponding to the selected motion characteristic characterization indexes, where t is the number of factors, c is the number of levels, and n is the number of tests;

[0066] In this embodiment, a 3-factor 3-level orthogonal array L p (3 3 ) is established, as shown in Table 1:

[0067] Table 1 3-factor 3-level orthogonal array of A, B, and C

[0068]

[0069] S6. Conduct arc extinction tests according to the orthogonal array, and perform range analysis or variance analysis on the test results to obtain the optimal factor level combination;

[0070] To obtain the maximum arc jet height under the 3 factors and 3 levels, prepare test samples and conduct multi-gap structure arc extinction tests. 9 impact tests need to be carried out for the 3 factors and 3 levels;

[0071] ① Record the maximum arc jet height H of each test, as shown in Table 2.

[0072] Table 2 Result analysis of the maximum arc jet height of 3 factors and 3 levels

[0073]

[0074] Perform variance analysis on the test results. The variance analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum K of the test indexes at each level of each factor according to the test results of each factor level, then calculate the mean value k, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the size of the k value; Calculate the range R corresponding to different factors to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the arc motion characteristic characterization index, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

[0075] Calculate factor A:

[0076] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1st level of factor A is:

[0077]

[0078] The average value of the index is:

[0079] k A1 = K A1 / 3 = 108 / 3 = 36;

[0080] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2nd level of factor A is:

[0081]

[0082] The average value of the index is:

[0083] k A2 = K A2 / 3 = 109 / 3 = 36.3;

[0084] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3rd level of factor A is:

[0085]

[0086] The average value of the index is:

[0087] k A3 = K A3 / 3 = 130 / 3 = 43.3;

[0088] The range is:

[0089] R A = 43.3 - 36 = 6.7:

[0090] Calculate factor B:

[0091] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1st level of factor B is:

[0092]

[0093] The average value of the index is:

[0094] k B1 = K B1 / 3 = 115 / 3 = 38.3;

[0095] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2nd level of factor B is:

[0096]

[0097] The average value of the index is:

[0098] k B2 = K B2 / 3 = 123 / 3 = 41;

[0099] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3 levels of factor B is:

[0100]

[0101] The average value of the indexes is:

[0102] k B3 = K B3 / 3 = 109 / 3 = 36.3;

[0103] The range is:

[0104] R B = 41 - 38.3 = 4.7:

[0105] Calculate factor C:

[0106] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1 level of factor C is:

[0107]

[0108] The average value of the indexes is:

[0109] k C1 = K C1 / 3 = 120 / 3 = 40;

[0110] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2 level of factor C is:

[0111]

[0112] The average value of the indexes is:

[0113] k C2 = K C2 / 3 = 107 / 3 = 35.7;

[0114] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3 level of factor C is:

[0115]

[0116] The average value of the indexes is:

[0117] k C3 = K C3 / 3 = 120 / 3 = 40;

[0118] The range is:

[0119] R B = 40 - 35.7 = 4.3:

[0120] As shown in Table 3:

[0121] Table 3

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] According to the data of the range R, it can be judged that the primary and secondary order of the influence of factors A, B, and C on the arc injection height is ABC, indicating that the diameter of the arc extinguishing hole has the greatest influence on the arc injection height, the depth of the arc extinguishing hole has the second greatest influence, and the gap distance has the least influence; to obtain a higher injection arc, there are two combinations of the optimal levels: A3B2C1 and A3B2C3.

[0125] ② Record the maximum arc injection speed V for each test;

[0126] As shown in Table 4:

[0127] Table 4 Results analysis of the maximum arc injection speed of 3 factors at 3 levels

[0128]

[0129] Perform variance analysis on the test results. The variance analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum K of the test indexes at each level of each factor according to the test results of each factor level, then calculate the mean value k, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the size of the k value; calculate the range R corresponding to different factors to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the arc motion characteristic characterization index, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

[0130] Calculate factor A:

[0131] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1st level of factor A is:

[0132] K A1 = 3017 + 2586 + 3448 = 9051;

[0133] The index average value is:

[0134] k A1 = K A1 / 3 = 9051 / 3 = 3017;

[0135] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2nd level of factor A is:

[0136] K A2 = 3017 + 3448 + 2586 = 9051;

[0137] The index average value is:

[0138] k A2 = K A2 / 3 = 9051 / 3 = 3017;

[0139] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3rd level of factor A is:

[0140] K A3 = 3448 + 6465 + 4310 = 14223;

[0141] The average value of the index is:

[0142] k A3 = K A3 / 3 = 14223 / 3 = 4741;

[0143] The range is:

[0144] R A = 4741 - 3017 = 1724:

[0145] Calculate factor B:

[0146] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the first level of factor B is:

[0147]

[0148] The average value of the index is:

[0149] k B1 = K B1 / 3 = 9482 / 3 = 3160.7;

[0150] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the second level of factor B is:

[0151]

[0152] The average value of the index is:

[0153] k B2 = K B2 / 3 = 12499 / 3 = 4166.3;

[0154] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the third level of factor B is:

[0155]

[0156] The average value of the index is:

[0157] k B3 = K B3 / 3 = 10344 / 3 = 3448;

[0158] The range is:

[0159] R B = 4166.3 - 3160.7 = 1005.6:

[0160] Calculate factor C:

[0161] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the first level of factor C is:

[0162]

[0163] The average value of the index is:

[0164] k C1 = K C1 / 3 = 12068 / 3 = 4022.7;

[0165] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2nd level of factor C is:

[0166]

[0167] The average value of the index is:

[0168] k C2 = K C2 / 3 = 9913 / 3 = 3304.3;

[0169] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3rd level of factor C is:

[0170]

[0171] The average value of the index is:

[0172] k C3 = K C3 / 3 = 10344 / 3 = 3448;

[0173] The range is:

[0174] R B = 4022.7 - 3304.3 = 718.4:

[0175] As shown in Table 5:

[0176] Table 5

[0177]

[0178] After the calculation, the following conclusions are obtained: According to the data of the range R, the primary and secondary order of the influence of each factor on the arc jet velocity can be judged as ABC, indicating that the diameter of the arc extinguishing hole has the greatest influence on the arc jet height, the depth of the arc extinguishing hole has the second greatest influence, and the gap distance has the least influence; To obtain a faster jet arc, the optimal level combination is A3B2C1.

[0179] ③ Record the arc conductivity σ of each test;

[0180] As shown in Table 6:

[0181] Table 6 Analysis of the Maximum Arc Conductivity Results of 3 Factors and 3 Levels

[0182]

[0183] Perform an analysis of variance on the test results. The analysis of variance is as follows: Calculate the sum K of the test indexes at each level of each factor according to the test results at each factor level, then obtain the mean value k, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the value of k; Calculate the range R corresponding to different factors to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the characterization index of the arc motion characteristics, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

[0184] Calculate factor A:

[0185] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to level 1 of factor A is:

[0186] K A1 = 751 + 768 + 782 = 2301;

[0187] The index average value is:

[0188] k A1 = K A1 / 3 = 2301 / 3 = 767;

[0189] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to level 2 of factor A is:

[0190] K A2 = 857 + 842 + 861 = 2560;

[0191] The index average value is:

[0192] k A2 = K A2 / 3 = 2560 / 3 = 853;

[0193] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to level 3 of factor A is:

[0194] K A3 = 923 + 965 + 951 = 2839;

[0195] The index average value is:

[0196] k A3 = K A3 / 3 = 2839 / 3 = 946;

[0197] The range is:

[0198] R A = 946 - 767 = 179:

[0199] Calculate factor B:

[0200] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to level 1 of factor B is:

[0201]

[0202] The average value of the index is:

[0203] k B1 = K B1 / 3 = 2531 / 3 = 843.6;

[0204] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2nd level of factor B is:

[0205]

[0206] The average value of the index is:

[0207] k B2 = K B2 / 3 = 2575 / 3 = 858.3;

[0208] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3rd level of factor B is:

[0209]

[0210] The average value of the index is:

[0211] k B3 = K B3 / 3 = 2594 / 3 = 864.6;

[0212] The range is:

[0213] R B = 864.6 - 843.6 = 21:

[0214] Calculate factor C:

[0215] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1st level of factor C is:

[0216]

[0217] The average value of the index is:

[0218] k C1 = K C1 / 3 = 2577 / 3 = 859;

[0219] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2nd level of factor C is:

[0220]

[0221] The average value of the index is:

[0222] k C2 = K C2 / 3 = 2576 / 3 = 858.6;

[0223] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3 levels of factor C is:

[0224]

[0225] The average value of the indexes is:

[0226] k C3 = K C3 / 3 = 2547 / 3 = 849;

[0227] The range is:

[0228] R B = 859 - 849 = 10:

[0229] As shown in Table 7:

[0230] Table 7

[0231]

[0232] After the calculation, the following conclusions are obtained: According to the data of the range R, the primary and secondary order of the influence of each factor on the arc jet velocity can be judged as ABC, indicating that the diameter of the arc extinguishing hole has the greatest influence on the arc jet height, the depth of the arc extinguishing hole has the second greatest influence, and the gap distance has the smallest influence; To obtain a faster jet arc, the optimal level has the A3B3C1 combination.

[0233] ④ Record the arc temperature T of each test;

[0234] As shown in Table 8:

[0235] Table 8 Analysis of the maximum arc temperature results of the 3-factor 3-level

[0236]

[0237] Perform an analysis of variance on the test results. The analysis of variance is as follows: Calculate the sum of the test indexes K of each factor at each level according to the test results of each factor level, then calculate the mean value k, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the size of the k value; Calculate the range R corresponding to different factors to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the arc motion characteristic characterization index, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

[0238] Calculate factor A:

[0239] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1st level of factor A is:

[0240] K A1 = 11300 + 11100 + 11300 = 33700;

[0241] The average value of the indexes is:

[0242] kA1 = K A1 / 3 = 33700 / 3 = 11233;

[0243] The sum of the test indices corresponding to the 2nd level of Factor A is:

[0244] K A2 = 11500 + 11800 + 11500 = 34800;

[0245] The index average value is:

[0246] k A2 = K A2 / 3 = 34800 / 3 = 11600;

[0247] The sum of the test indices corresponding to the 3rd level of Factor A is:

[0248] K A3 = 12300 + 12800 + 12500 = 37600;

[0249] The index average value is:

[0250] k A3 = K A3 / 3 = 37600 / 3 = 12503;

[0251] The range is:

[0252] R A = 12503 - 11233 = 1270:

[0253] Calculate Factor B:

[0254] The sum of the test indices corresponding to the 1st level of Factor B is:

[0255]

[0256] The index average value is:

[0257] k B1 = K B1 / 3 = 35100 / 3 = 11700;

[0258] The sum of the test indices corresponding to the 2nd level of Factor B is:

[0259]

[0260] The index average value is:

[0261] k B2 = K B2 / 3 = 35700 / 3 = 11900;

[0262] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3 levels of factor B is:

[0263]

[0264] The average value of the index is:

[0265] k B3 = K B3 / 3 = 35300 / 3 = 12503;

[0266] The range is:

[0267] R B = 12503 - 11700 = 803:

[0268] Calculate factor C:

[0269] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 1 level of factor C is:

[0270]

[0271] The average value of the index is:

[0272] k C1 = K C1 / 3 = 35600 / 3 = 11867;

[0273] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 2 level of factor C is:

[0274]

[0275] The average value of the index is:

[0276] k C2 = K C2 / 3 = 35100 / 3 = 11700;

[0277] The sum of the test indexes corresponding to the 3 level of factor C is:

[0278]

[0279] The average value of the index is:

[0280] k C3 = K C3 / 3 = 35400 / 3 = 11800;

[0281] The range is:

[0282] R B = 11867 - 11700 = 167:

[0283] As shown in Table 9:

[0284] Table 9

[0285]

[0286] After the calculation, the following conclusions are obtained: According to the data of the range R, the primary and secondary order of the influence of each factor on the arc jet velocity can be judged as ABC, indicating that the diameter of the arc extinguishing hole has the greatest influence on the arc jet height, the depth of the arc extinguishing hole has the second greatest influence, and the gap distance has the least influence; In order to obtain a faster jet arc, the optimal level combination is A3B3C1.

[0287] S7. According to multiple optimal factor level combinations, score each factor level respectively to obtain the final factor level combination;

[0288] First, in each optimal factor level combination, the factor level with the greatest influence is scored 3 points, the score decreases as the influence decreases, the factor level with the least influence is scored 1 point, and the factor level that does not appear is scored 0 point;

[0289] Secondly, select the 3 factor levels with the highest scores as the final factor level combination, and the factors in the 3 factor levels are all different;

[0290] The optimal factor level combinations include A3B2C1, A3B2C3, A3B2C1, A3B3C1, A3B3C1. According to the scoring rules, the final factor level combination is: A3B2C1.

[0291] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the equipment and structures not described in detail therein should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Determine that the purpose of the multi-gap arrester structure optimization is to improve the efficiency of discharging lightning current arcs; S2. To improve the efficiency of discharging lightning current arcs, based on the magnetohydrodynamics theory, obtain the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of the arc magnetofluid; S3. Respectively determine the factors associated with different motion characteristic characterization indexes; S4. Combine the processing technology of the multi-gap arrester and the actual installation conditions to determine the levels included in each factor; S5. Establish a matching orthogonal table according to the factors and levels corresponding to different motion characteristic characterization indexes; S6. Conduct arc extinction tests according to the orthogonal table, perform range analysis or variance analysis on the test results, and obtain multiple optimal factor level combinations; S7. According to multiple optimal factor level combinations, score each factor level respectively to obtain the final factor level combination.

2. The method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that In S2, the characterization indexes of the motion characteristics of the arc magnetofluid include arc conductivity, maximum arc ejection height, maximum arc ejection speed, and arc temperature.

3. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the factors for the multi-gap structure optimization include arc extinction hole depth, arc extinction hole diameter, gap distance, insulating material, and the size and material of the spherical metal electrode.

4. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that The established orthogonal array is L n (t c ), where t is the number of factors, c is the number of levels, and n is the number of experiments.

5. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, the range analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum K of the test indexes at each level of each factor according to the test results of each factor level, then calculate the mean value k, and obtain the optimal level of each factor according to the value of k; Calculate the range R corresponding to different factors to obtain the primary and secondary order of each factor on the arc motion characteristic characterization indexes, and determine the optimal combination according to the optimal level and the primary and secondary order.

6. The optimization method for the multi-gap lightning arrester structure based on orthogonal experiment according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S6, the expression of k is: k = K / c.

7. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S6, the value of R is the difference between the maximum and minimum values of k under each factor.

8. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The larger the value of R, the greater the influence of the corresponding factor on the motion characteristic characterization index.

9. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, the variance analysis is as follows: Calculate the sum of squares of deviations and degrees of freedom of each column, list the variance analysis table, perform F-test, analyze the test results, and obtain the optimal combination.

10. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-gap arrester is an arrester for 6-110 kV power transmission and distribution lines, and this arrester is installed in parallel with the insulator.

11. A method for optimizing the structure of a multi-gap lightning arrester based on orthogonal experiments according to claim 4, characterized in that In S7, first, in each optimal factor level combination, the factor level with the greatest influence is recorded as t points, the score decreases as the influence decreases, the factor level with the smallest influence is recorded as 1 point, and the factor level that does not appear is recorded as 0 point; Secondly, select the t factor levels with the highest scores as the final factor level combination, where the factors in the t factor levels are all different.

Images