Drip-proof flame-retardant cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flame-retardant cables, and particularly discloses a drip-proof flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof.The drip-proof flame-retardant cable comprises conductors and further comprises an elastic supporting layer, and the outer surfaces of the five conductors are wrapped with the elastic supporting layer. According to the drip-proof flame-retardant cable and the preparation method thereof, when the cable is bent, the elastic supporting layer can perform elastic pressure relief on the shearing force of wind, so that the bending strength of the cable is reduced, and the situation that the cable is greatly shaken due to the fact that the cable is often influenced by strong wind in coastal areas is avoided; when the cable is partially bent, the filling cavity at the bent part is extruded, so that the oxygen barrier layer is prevented from generating microcracks at the bent part, and the risk that rainwater permeates into the cable and is vaporized and exploded at high temperature when encountering an electric arc is avoided. Therefore, the non-Newtonian fluid in the local filling cavity is locally hardened under the action of the extrusion force, the bending strength of the cable is greatly reduced, and the internal conductor is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flame-retardant cables, and more specifically, to a drip-proof flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of power transmission and communication, cables, as key connection and transmission carriers, directly affect the stable operation of the system. Drip-proof flame-retardant cables are designed through special structural designs and material selections to prevent liquids such as rainwater from seeping into the cable interior, avoid short-circuit faults caused by moisture, and at the same time have excellent flame-retardant properties to effectively prevent the occurrence and spread of fires. Such cables are widely used in coastal areas, high-humidity environments, and places with high fire safety requirements, such as offshore platforms, urban underground utility tunnels, etc., and play a crucial role in ensuring the reliability of power supply and the safety of personnel and property.

[0003] However, traditional cables have many problems in practical applications. In terms of anti-bending, the structures of ordinary cables cannot effectively cope with the frequent shaking and bending caused by harsh environments such as strong winds in coastal areas, easily damaging the internal structure, such as micro-cracks appearing in the oxygen isolation layer, increasing the risk of rainwater infiltration, and then triggering serious faults such as short circuits and vaporization explosions, reducing the service life and working stability of the cable. Traditional cables lack an effective protection mechanism for internal conductors. When the cable is locally bent, the stress cannot be dispersed in time, resulting in the conductors being easily damaged and affecting the power transmission performance. The flame-retardant effect is also unsatisfactory. Once a fire occurs, traditional cables are difficult to quickly block the spread of the fire, and burning materials may drip during combustion, expanding the scope of fire hazards. In addition, in terms of material selection, traditional cables may not fully consider comprehensive properties such as insulation, thermal stability, and auxiliary cooling, resulting in a risk of electric leakage during long-term use and significant performance degradation in high-temperature environments. These problems severely restrict the application of traditional cables in special environments and urgently need to be improved through innovative structural designs and material formulations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] The present invention provides a drip-proof flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: An anti-drip and flame-retardant cable, including a conductor, wherein five conductors are fixedly arranged at a fixed interval in a circumferential distribution, and further including: an elastic support layer, which is wrapped on the outer surfaces of the five conductors and is made of silicone rubber material; a shielding layer, which is fixedly coated on the outer surface of the elastic support layer; a flexible skeleton layer, which is arranged outside the elastic support layer, and the flexible skeleton layer and the elastic support layer are arranged on the same central axis; an oxygen isolation layer, which is fixedly coated on the outer surface of the flexible skeleton layer and is made of ceramic silicone rubber material.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a perfusion cavity is penetrated and opened inside the elastic support layer, a filling cavity is arranged between the shielding layer and the flexible skeleton layer, and a non-Newtonian fluid is filled in the perfusion cavity and the filling cavity.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a conduit is fixedly connected through the inside of the elastic support layer, the conduit is arranged in the gap between adjacent conductors, the outer end of the conduit penetrates through the shielding layer and communicates with the filling cavity, and the inner end of the conduit communicates with the perfusion cavity inside the elastic support layer.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, stabilizing bars are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the shielding layer, three stabilizing bars are fixedly arranged at a fixed interval around the central axis of the shielding layer, stabilizing rings are fixedly connected through the side surfaces of the three stabilizing bars, and sliding bars are fixedly connected to the ends of the stabilizing bars away from the shielding layer.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, sliding grooves are opened on the outer surface of the flexible skeleton layer, three sliding grooves are fixedly opened at a fixed interval around the central axis of the flexible skeleton layer, communicating grooves are penetrated and opened in the sliding grooves, and the sliding bars are slidably connected in the sliding grooves through the communicating grooves.

[0012] The present invention provides a preparation method for an anti-drip and flame-retardant cable, including the following steps:

[0013] S1. Prepare flame retardant, base liquid, dispersant, thickener, high-temperature filler, heat stabilizer, 20% silicon dioxide microparticles and 2% antioxidant vitamin E required for processing;

[0014] S2. Screen the flame retardant to remove large particles, ensure that the particles are fine and uniform, and perform surface treatment on the silicon dioxide microparticles;

[0015] S3. Mix the base liquid and the dispersant, and then slowly add and stir the flame retardant and the silicon dioxide microparticles processed in S2.

[0016] S4, then add the high temperature resistant filler to the mixed solution of S3 and continue stirring, and after the stirring is completed, continue to add the heat stabilizer and continue stirring;

[0017] S5, adding antioxidant vitamin E to the mixed solution of S4 and stirring evenly, after the stirring is completed, the mixed fluid is allowed to stand for 24 hours to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid;

[0018] S6. Infusing the non-Newtonian fluid obtained in S5 into the infusion cavity of the elastic supporting layer to obtain a drip-proof flame-retardant cable.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the flame retardant is 25% aluminum hydroxide and 15% magnesium hydroxide, the base liquid is 15% deionized water, the dispersant is 8% polyvinyl alcohol, the thickener is 3% hydroxyethyl cellulose, the high temperature resistant filler is 10% ceramic microspheres, the thermal stabilizer is 2% nano titanium dioxide, and the silicon dioxide microparticles provide shear thickening properties of non-Newtonian fluids.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface treatment of the silica microparticles is carried out by silane coupling agent treatment, wherein during the mixing process of the base liquid and the dispersant, deionized water is first poured into a stirring container, polyvinyl alcohol is added, and stirred at a speed of 600-800 rpm until it is completely dissolved, and then hydroxyethyl cellulose is added, and stirring is continued at the same speed until it is evenly dissolved to form a uniform aqueous solution.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, during the addition of the flame retardant and the silica microparticles, stirring is performed at a speed of 1000-1200 rpm for 30 minutes using a high-speed stirrer, stirring is continued at the same speed for 10 minutes after the ceramic microspheres are added, and stirring is continued for 10 minutes after the nano-titanium dioxide is added.

[0022] When laying cables in high altitude environments in coastal areas, if there is windy weather, the cables will sway under the influence of wind. Cables are usually laid in an arc shape, and the swaying of the cables may cause partial bending of the cables.

[0023] (III) Beneficial effects

[0024] The present invention provides a drip-proof flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1). The drip-proof and flame-retardant cable and its preparation method. When bending occurs, the elastic support layer will elastically relieve the shear force of the wind, thereby reducing the bending strength of the cable, avoiding the risk that the cable is often affected by strong winds in coastal areas and causing large swings of itself, which may lead to the generation of micro-cracks in the oxygen isolation layer at the bending part and the infiltration of rainwater, resulting in vaporization and explosion at high temperature due to electric arc. This significantly improves the working stability of the cable. At the same time, when local bending occurs in the cable, the filling cavity at the bending part will be squeezed, so that the non-Newtonian fluid in the local filling cavity will be locally hardened under the action of the extrusion force, thereby significantly reducing the bending strength of the cable and protecting the internal conductor. By connecting the perfusion cavity with the filling cavity, a two-way local hardening effect is generated when the cable bends, further improving the protection effect on the conductor and significantly reducing the risk of cracks in the oxygen isolation layer. During the transportation of the cable, through the sliding action of the sliding strip and the chute, a certain torsional space is provided between the shielding layer and the flexible skeleton layer, so that the flexible skeleton layer and the oxygen isolation layer are allowed to undergo lateral torsion during the winding process after the cable is produced, thus avoiding the problem of conductor damage caused by conductor torsion.

[0026] (2). The drip-proof and flame-retardant cable and its preparation method. The three stabilizing strips are connected by evenly arranged stabilizing rings, which not only significantly reduce the bending strength of the cable, but also greatly reduce the possibility of conductor torsion. When local bending occurs, the hardening speed of the local non-Newtonian fluid can be accelerated by the extrusion of the stabilizing ring, further improving the protection effect on the conductor. When the cable accidentally bursts into flames, the non-Newtonian fluid will leak out, blocking the oxygen supply at the ignition point and facilitating the rapid prevention of the spread of the fire. At the same time, the special non-Newtonian fluid will decompose and absorb heat when encountering instant high temperature, releasing water, which can not only help further cool the ignition point, but also extinguish the materials dripping from the ignition point, avoiding the problem of large-scale fires caused by the dripping of burning materials.

[0027] (3). The drip-proof and flame-retardant cable and its preparation method. Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are used as the main flame retardants. These two materials decompose and absorb heat and release water at high temperature, providing excellent flame retardant effects through their synergistic action, while assisting in cooling the cable during operation, significantly reducing the possibility of the cable catching fire. The base liquid uses deionized water to ensure that the fluid is non-conductive, and all added materials are non-conductive materials, further ensuring the insulation performance of the fluid and preventing the risk of electric leakage during the operation of the cable. At the same time, ceramic microspheres and nano-titanium dioxide are added. These materials have good high-temperature resistance and thermal stability, ensuring that the fluid remains stable in a long-term high-temperature environment, so as to provide good auxiliary performance. By adding the high-thermal-conductivity material nano-titanium dioxide and the phase-change material antioxidant vitamin E, it helps the fluid maintain a low temperature in a high-temperature environment and is not easy to heat up, thereby significantly improving the working stability of the cable. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the oxygen isolation layer of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the stabilizing ring and its connection structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the conduit and its connection structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the shielding layer and its connection structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the figures: 1, conductor; 2, elastic support layer; 3, shielding layer; 4, flexible skeleton layer; 5, oxygen isolation layer; 6, perfusion cavity; 7, filling cavity; 8, conduit; 9, stabilizing strip; 10, stabilizing ring; 11, sliding strip; 12, chute; 13, communication groove. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a drip-proof and flame-retardant cable, including a conductor 1, with five conductors 1 arranged in a circumferential distribution at fixed intervals, and further including:

[0036] An elastic support layer 2, which is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the five conductors 1, and the elastic support layer 2 is made of silicone rubber material;

[0037] A shielding layer 3, which is fixedly coated on the outer surface of the elastic support layer 2;

[0038] A flexible skeleton layer 4, which is arranged outside the elastic support layer 2, and the flexible skeleton layer 4 and the elastic support layer 2 are arranged on the same central axis;

[0039] An oxygen isolation layer 5, which is fixedly coated on the outer surface of the flexible skeleton layer 4, and the oxygen isolation layer 5 is made of ceramic silicone rubber material.

[0040] A perfusion cavity 6 is provided through the elastic support layer 2 , and a filling cavity 7 is provided between the shielding layer 3 and the flexible skeleton layer 4 . The perfusion cavity 6 and the filling cavity 7 are filled with a non-Newtonian fluid.

[0041] A catheter 8 is fixedly connected to the elastic support layer 2 , and the catheter 8 is arranged in the gap between adjacent conductors 1 . The outer end of the catheter 8 passes through the shielding layer 3 and communicates with the filling cavity 7 , and the inner end of the catheter 8 communicates with the perfusion cavity 6 inside the elastic support layer 2 .

[0042] The outer surface of the shielding layer 3 is fixedly connected with a stabilizing bar 9, and three stabilizing bars 9 are arranged at fixed intervals around the central axis of the shielding layer 3. Stabilizing rings 10 are fixedly connected to the side surfaces of the three stabilizing bars 9, and a sliding bar 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the stabilizing bar 9 away from the shielding layer 3.

[0043] The outer surface of the flexible skeleton layer 4 is provided with a slide groove 12 , and three slide grooves 12 are provided at fixed intervals around the central axis of the flexible skeleton layer 4 . A connecting groove 13 is provided through the slide groove 12 , and the sliding bar 11 is slidably connected in the slide groove 12 through the connecting groove 13 .

[0044] A method for preparing a drip-proof flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Prepare the flame retardant, base liquid, dispersant, thickener, high temperature resistant filler, heat stabilizer, 20% silica microparticles and 2% antioxidant vitamin E required for processing;

[0046] S2. Screen the flame retardant to remove large particles to ensure that the particles are fine and uniform, and perform surface treatment on the silica microparticles;

[0047] S3, mixing the base liquid and the dispersant, and then slowly adding the treated flame retardant and silica microparticles in S2 and stirring;

[0048] S4, then add the high temperature resistant filler to the mixed solution of S3 and continue stirring, and after the stirring is completed, continue to add the heat stabilizer and continue stirring;

[0049] S5, adding antioxidant vitamin E to the mixed solution of S4 and stirring evenly, after the stirring is completed, the mixed fluid is allowed to stand for 24 hours to obtain a non-Newtonian fluid;

[0050] S6. Infusing the non-Newtonian fluid obtained in S5 into the infusion cavity 6 of the elastic supporting layer 2 to obtain a drip-proof flame-retardant cable.

[0051] The flame retardant is 25% aluminum hydroxide and 15% magnesium hydroxide, the base liquid is 15% deionized water, the dispersant is 8% polyvinyl alcohol, the thickener is 3% hydroxyethyl cellulose, the high-temperature filler is 10% ceramic microspheres, the heat stabilizer is 2% nano-titanium dioxide, and the silica micro-particles provide the shear thickening property of non-Newtonian fluid.

[0052] The surface treatment of the silica micro-particles is carried out with a silane coupling agent. During the mixing process of the base liquid and the dispersant, first pour the deionized water into the stirring container, add polyvinyl alcohol, and stir at a speed of 600 - 800 rpm until completely dissolved. Then add hydroxyethyl cellulose and continue to stir at the same speed until evenly dissolved to form a uniform aqueous solution.

[0053] During the addition process of the flame retardant and the silica micro-particles, use a high-speed stirrer to stir at a speed of 1000 - 1200 rpm for 30 minutes. After adding the ceramic microspheres, continue to stir at the same speed for 10 minutes, and continue to stir for 10 minutes after adding the nano-titanium dioxide.

[0054] During operation, the cable is laid in the high-altitude environment of coastal areas. In case of windy weather, the cable will shake under the influence of wind. Since the cable is usually laid in an arc shape, local bending of its body will occur due to the shaking of the cable. When the bending occurs, the elastic support layer 2 will elastically relieve the shear force of the wind, thereby reducing the intensity of the cable bending, avoiding the risk that the cable is frequently affected by strong winds in coastal areas, resulting in large-amplitude shaking of itself, and further resulting in the risk that microcracks are generated at the bending part of the oxygen isolation layer 5, causing rainwater to seep in and vaporize and burst at the arc high temperature, greatly improving the working stability of the cable. At the same time, when local bending of the cable occurs, the filling cavity 7 at the bending part will be squeezed, so that the non-Newtonian fluid in the local filling cavity 7 is locally hardened under the action of the extrusion force, thereby greatly reducing the bending strength of the cable and protecting the internal conductor 1. And by connecting the perfusion cavity 6 with the filling cavity 7, a two-way local hardening effect is generated when the cable is bent, further improving the protection effect on the conductor 1 and greatly reducing the risk of cracks in the oxygen isolation layer 5. During the transportation of the cable, through the sliding action of the sliding strip 11 and the sliding groove 12, a certain torsional space is provided between the shielding layer 3 and the flexible skeleton layer 4, so that the flexible skeleton layer 4 and the oxygen isolation layer 5 are allowed to undergo lateral torsion during the winding process after the cable is produced, thus avoiding the problem of damage to the conductor 1 caused by the torsion of the conductor 1. The three stabilizing strips 9 are connected by evenly arranged stabilizing rings 10, which not only greatly reduce the bending strength of the cable, but also greatly reduce the possibility of torsion of the conductor 1. When local bending occurs, the hardening speed of the local non-Newtonian fluid can be accelerated through the extrusion of the stabilizing ring 10, further improving the protection effect on the conductor 1. When the cable accidentally bursts into flames, the non-Newtonian fluid will leak outwards, blocking the oxygen supply at the ignition point, facilitating the rapid prevention of the spread of the fire. At the same time, the special non-Newtonian fluid will decompose and absorb heat when encountering instant high temperature, releasing water, which can not only help further cool the ignition point, but also extinguish the materials dripping from the ignition point, avoiding the problem of large-scale fires caused by the dripping of burning materials.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drip-proof and flame-retardant cable, comprising a conductor (1), characterized in that: The conductors (1) are arranged in a circumferential distribution with five conductors at fixed intervals, and further include: An elastic supporting layer (2), the elastic supporting layer (2) being wrapped around the outer surfaces of the five conductors (1), the elastic supporting layer (2) being made of a silicone rubber material; A shielding layer (3), wherein the shielding layer (3) is fixedly coated on the outer surface of the elastic supporting layer (2); A flexible skeleton layer (4), wherein the flexible skeleton layer (4) is arranged on the outer side of the elastic support layer (2), wherein the flexible skeleton layer (4) and the elastic support layer (2) are arranged on the same central axis; An oxygen-isolating layer (5) is fixedly coated on the outer surface of the flexible skeleton layer (4), and the oxygen-isolating layer (5) is made of a ceramic silicone rubber material.

2. The drip-proof and flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, wherein: A perfusion cavity (6) is provided through the interior of the elastic support layer (2), a filling cavity (7) is provided between the shielding layer (3) and the flexible skeleton layer (4), and the perfusion cavity (6) and the filling cavity (7) are filled with a non-Newtonian fluid.

3. The anti-drip and flame-retardant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conduit (8) is fixedly connected to and penetrates the interior of the elastic support layer (2); the conduit (8) is arranged in the gap between adjacent conductors (1); the outer end of the conduit (8) penetrates the shielding layer (3) and communicates with the filling cavity (7); the inner end of the conduit (8) is communicated with the perfusion cavity (6) inside the elastic support layer (2).

4. The drip-proof and flame-retardant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the shielding layer (3) is fixedly connected to a stabilizing bar (9), three stabilizing bars (9) are arranged at fixed intervals around the central axis of the shielding layer (3), and stabilizing rings (10) are fixedly connected through the side surfaces of the three stabilizing bars (9), and one end of the stabilizing bar (9) away from the shielding layer (3) is fixedly connected to a sliding bar (11).

5. The anti-drip and flame-retardant cable according to claim 4, wherein: The outer surface of the flexible skeleton layer (4) is provided with a slide groove (12), three of the slide grooves (12) are provided at fixed intervals around the central axis of the flexible skeleton layer (4), a connecting groove (13) is provided through the slide groove (12), and the sliding bar (11) is slidably connected in the slide groove (12) via the connecting groove (13).

6. A preparation method of a drip-proof and flame-retardant cable, including the drip-proof and flame-retardant cable described in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare the flame retardant, base liquid, dispersant, thickener, high temperature resistant filler, heat stabilizer, 20% silica microparticles and 2% antioxidant vitamin E required for processing; S2. Screen the flame retardant to remove large particles to ensure that the particles are fine and uniform, and perform surface treatment on the silica microparticles; S3, mixing the base liquid and the dispersant, and then slowly adding the treated flame retardant and silica microparticles in S2 and stirring; S4, then add the high temperature resistant filler to the mixed solution of S3 and continue stirring, and after the stirring is completed, continue to add the heat stabilizer and continue stirring; S5, adding antioxidant vitamin E to the mixed solution of S4 and stirring evenly, after the stirring is completed, the mixed fluid is allowed to stand for 24 hours to obtain the non-Newtonian fluid; S6. Infusing the non-Newtonian fluid obtained in S5 into the infusion cavity (6) of the elastic support layer (2) to obtain a drip-proof flame-retardant cable.

7. The preparation method of a drip-proof and flame-retardant cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flame retardant is 25% aluminum hydroxide and 15% magnesium hydroxide, the base liquid is 15% deionized water, the dispersant is 8% polyvinyl alcohol, the thickener is 3% hydroxyethyl cellulose, the high-temperature resistant filler is 10% ceramic microspheres, the heat stabilizer is 2% nano-titanium dioxide, and the silica microparticles provide the shear thickening property of non-Newtonian fluid.

8. The preparation method of a drip-proof and flame-retardant cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface treatment of the silica microparticles is carried out with a silane coupling agent. During the mixing process of the base liquid and the dispersant, first pour the deionized water into a stirring container, add polyvinyl alcohol, and stir at a speed of 600 - 800 rpm until completely dissolved. Then add hydroxyethyl cellulose and continue to stir at the same speed until uniformly dissolved to form a uniform aqueous solution.

9. The preparation method of a drip-proof and flame-retardant cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the addition process of the flame retardant and the silica microparticles, use a high-speed stirrer to stir at a speed of 1000 - 1200 rpm for 30 minutes. After adding the ceramic microspheres, continue to stir at the same speed for 10 minutes. After adding the nano-titanium dioxide, continue to stir for 10 minutes.

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