Phased-array antenna array calibration method and system and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a phased-array antenna splicing calibration method and system and a readable storage medium, and relates to the technical field of phased-array antenna calibration. For each sub-array antenna in the to-be-calibrated phased-array antenna, factory calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna are obtained, and actually measured calibration compensation phases are detected by using a plurality of target radiation units in the sub-array antenna. With the purpose of minimizing the overall phase calibration deviation of the sub-array antenna in the antenna array splicing process, the overall phase compensation parameter of the sub-array antenna in the antenna array splicing process is solved, and phase superposition compensation is carried out on factory calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna. Therefore, through organic combination of subarray-level calibration and radiation unit sampling detection, subarray antenna phase calibration operation of the whole phased-array antenna is completed rapidly and accurately, and the antenna performance loss condition of the corresponding phased-array antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of phased array antenna calibration. Specifically, it relates to a phased array antenna splicing calibration method, system, and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, people's requirements for phased array radar antennas are increasing day by day. Usually, a large number of phased array sub-array antennas are spliced to form a large phased array antenna to improve the overall transmitting power of the antenna and increase the antenna detection range.

[0003] However, it should be noted that during the phased array antenna splicing process, each phased array sub-array antenna will have different factory calibration amplitude-phase conditions due to manufacturing errors and amplitude-phase detection calibrations at the time of leaving the factory. There will also be connection link differences with the back-end feeding network of the phased array antenna when multiple phased array sub-array antennas are spliced with each other, as well as the mutual coupling effect of the sub-array antennas caused by the inability of the antenna array surface to align with the overall antenna reference plane of the phased array antenna, resulting in serious amplitude-phase inconsistencies between the phased array sub-array antennas in the phased array antenna, and further causing serious antenna performance losses to the phased array antenna (for example, the sidelobe deteriorates by 3 dB and the gain decreases by 2 dB). Therefore, how to quickly and accurately complete the amplitude-phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas so that each phased array sub-array antenna can achieve amplitude-phase consistency in the state of sub-array antenna splicing is an important technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current use of phased array antenna technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a phased array antenna splicing calibration method, system, and readable storage medium, which can quickly and accurately complete the phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas of the entire phased array antenna through the organic combination of sub-array level calibration and radiation unit sampling detection, and ensure that the sub-array antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve phase consistency in the state of sub-array antenna splicing, so as to improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phased array antenna.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a phased array antenna splicing calibration method, and the method includes:

[0007] For each sub-array antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, obtain the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured calibration compensation phase detected by the phased array antenna to be calibrated using multiple target radiation units in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated;

[0008] Based on the factory calibration compensation phases and measured calibration compensation phases of the respective target radiation units, with the goal of minimizing the overall phase calibration deviation of the sub-array antenna during the antenna array assembly process, solve for the overall phase compensation parameters of the sub-array antenna for the frequency of the signal to be calibrated during the antenna array assembly process;

[0009] According to the overall phase compensation parameters, perform phase superposition compensation on the factory calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna to obtain the expected calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the step of obtaining the measured calibration compensation phases detected by the multiple target radiation units in the sub-array antenna of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated respectively includes:

[0011] Randomly select multiple antenna radiation units from all the antenna radiation units included in the sub-array antenna as a target radiation unit respectively;

[0012] For each target radiation unit, control the phased array antenna to be calibrated to call the target radiation unit to perform microwave phase calibration on the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and obtain the measured calibration compensation phase of the target radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the overall phase compensation parameters of a single sub-array antenna for the frequency of the signal to be calibrated during the antenna array assembly process include the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the array off-axis deviation and array roll deviation of the antenna array surface of the sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference surface of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated. Then, the overall phase calibration deviation of the i-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated is represented by the following equation:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, k is used to represent the frequency point number of the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i ε (k) is used to represent the overall phase calibration deviation of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i 0 (j′, k) is used to represent the factory calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i 1(j′, k) is used to represent the measured calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, ΔP i ′(j′, k) is used to represent the phase difference between the measured calibration compensation phase and the factory calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, f k is used to represent the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, c is used to represent the speed of light, x′ j′ is used to represent the abscissa position of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, y j ″ is used to represent the ordinate position of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, θ i k is used to represent the array off-axis deviation of the antenna array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference plane of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the array roll deviation of the antenna array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference plane of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i 2 (j′, k) is used to represent the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna under the combined influence of the array off-axis deviation and the array roll deviation, Ni is used to represent the total number of target radiation units in the i-th sub-array antenna.

[0016] In an optional implementation manner, the step of performing phase superposition compensation on the factory calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna according to the overall phase compensation parameter to obtain the expected calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated includes:

[0017] For each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna, calculate the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the antenna radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated according to the array off-axis deviation and the array roll deviation of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated;

[0018] Perform an addition operation on the sub-array back-end compensation phase value of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, the factory calibration compensation phase of the antenna radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the sub-array front-end compensation phase value to obtain the expected calibration compensation phase of the antenna radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the desired calibration compensation phase of the j-th antenna radiation element of the i-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated is expressed by the following equation:

[0020]

[0021] where k is used to represent the frequency point number of the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i (j,k) is used to represent the desired calibration compensation phase of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i 0 (j′,k) is used to represent the factory calibration compensation phase of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, f k is used to represent the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, c is used to represent the speed of light, x j is used to represent the abscissa position of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, y j is used to represent the ordinate position of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, P i 2 (j′,k) is used to represent the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the off-axis deviation of the array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the roll deviation of the array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, the method further includes:

[0023] Performing phase calibration compensation on the phased array antenna to be calibrated according to the desired calibration compensation phases of all the antenna radiation elements included in each sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the method further includes:

[0025] Performing active amplitude gain measurement on the phased array antenna to be calibrated after phase calibration compensation at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, to obtain the measured sub-array normal amplitude gain of each sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated;

[0026] For each sub-array antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, obtain the factory calibration amplitude of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0027] Perform amplitude normalization on the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna to obtain the normalized calibration amplitude of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0028] According to the normalized calibration amplitude and the measured normal amplitude gain of the sub-array antenna, and the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna, calculate the expected calibration amplitude of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, the expected calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated is represented by the following equation:

[0030]

[0031] where k is used to represent the frequency point number of the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, A i (j,k) is used to represent the expected calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the factory calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, NI is used to represent the total number of antenna radiation units in the i-th sub-array antenna, is used to represent the normalized calibration amplitude of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, is used to represent the measured normal amplitude gain of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application provides a phased array antenna mosaic calibration system, the system includes a microwave signal generator, a microwave signal analyzer and a measurement probe;

[0033] The microwave signal generator is respectively communicatively connected to the phased array antenna to be calibrated and the measurement probe, and is used to generate a test microwave signal with the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and perform microwave transceiver detection between the phased array antenna to be calibrated and the measurement probe by using the test microwave signal.

[0034] The microwave signal analyzer is communicatively connected to the microwave signal generator, and is configured to perform microwave phase calibration and active amplitude gain measurement on the test microwave signal and the target microwave signal received by the phased array antenna to be calibrated or the measurement probe, so as to determine the measured calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit included in each sub-array antenna of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured sub-array normal amplitude gain of each sub-array antenna of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated;

[0035] The microwave signal analyzer also stores a computer program and can run the computer program to implement the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by the phased array antenna mosaic calibration system, the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments is implemented.

[0037] In this case, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application may include the following:

[0038] For each sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, the present application obtains the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured calibration compensation phase detected by the phased array antenna to be calibrated using a plurality of target radiation units in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated. Then, based on the factory calibration compensation phase and the measured calibration compensation phase of each target radiation unit, with the goal of minimizing the overall phase calibration deviation of the sub-array antenna during the antenna mosaic process, the overall phase compensation parameter of the sub-array antenna for the frequency of the signal to be calibrated during the antenna mosaic process is solved, and the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna is phase superimposed and compensated to obtain the expected calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated. Thus, through the organic combination of sub-array level calibration and radiation unit sampling detection, the sub-array antenna phase calibration operation of the entire phased array antenna is completed quickly and accurately, ensuring that the sub-array antenna composition of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve a phase consistency effect in the sub-array antenna mosaic state, so as to improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phased array antenna.

[0039] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present application more apparent and understandable, the following preferred embodiments are specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system composition of the phased array antenna combined array calibration system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 It is one of the flow schematic diagrams of the phased array antenna combined array calibration method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 For the 8-subarray phased array antenna in Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the calibration phase difference distribution under the phased array antenna combined array calibration method and the full array phase calibration method shown;

[0044] Figure 4 It is another flow schematic diagram of the phased array antenna combined array calibration method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 For the 8-subarray phased array antenna in Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the calibration amplitude difference distribution under the phased array antenna combined array calibration method and the full array amplitude calibration method shown.

[0046] Icons: 10 - Phased array antenna combined array calibration system; 11 - Microwave signal generator; 12 - Microwave signal analyzer; 13 - Measurement probe. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0049] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0051] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In addition, in the description of the present application, it can be understood that the relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] Through painstaking research, the applicant found that the existing sub-array antenna amplitude-phase calibration schemes for phased array antennas mainly include the following two types:

[0054] Solution 1: Traverse and perform full-array phase calibration processing and full-array amplitude calibration processing on each antenna radiation unit included in each sub-array antenna of the phased array antenna, so as to accurately complete the amplitude-phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas of the entire phased array antenna. It should be noted that the overall calibration time loss of this solution will increase linearly with the increase in the number of antenna radiation units. The overall calibration is time-consuming and laborious and has low efficiency. It requires additional configuration of complex calibration equipment with high implementation difficulty, and the overall calibration cost is relatively high;

[0055] Solution 2: Perform amplitude-phase calibration on the antenna back-end feeding network and all sub-array antennas of the phased array antenna separately, and then obtain the final amplitude-phase calibration data by superimposing the amplitude-phase calibration results. This solution can utilize the amplitude-phase calibration results (including the factory calibration compensation phase and the factory calibration amplitude) of the sub-array antennas at the time of factory shipment to avoid performing amplitude-phase calibration on the sub-array antennas separately to improve the amplitude-phase calibration efficiency. However, it should be noted that this solution will have different factory calibration errors due to the different amplitude-phase detection and calibration of each sub-array antenna at the time of factory shipment. At the same time, the splicing operation of the sub-array antennas will also introduce additional calibration errors. The accumulation of these errors will cause this solution to be unable to achieve a high-precision amplitude-phase calibration effect for the sub-array antennas.

[0056] In this case, to solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a phased array antenna splicing calibration method, system and readable storage medium, which can quickly and accurately complete the amplitude-phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas of the entire phased array antenna on the basis of a low-cost calibration system, ensure that the sub-array antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve amplitude-phase consistency in the sub-array antenna splicing state, and improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phased array antenna.

[0057] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the system composition of the phased array antenna combined array calibration system 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the phased array antenna combined array calibration system 10 may include a microwave signal generator 11, a microwave signal analyzer 12, and a measurement probe 13. The microwave signal generator 11, the microwave signal analyzer 12, and the measurement probe 13 are deployed in the same test site as the phased array antenna to be calibrated. Among them, the test site may be, but is not limited to, a compact range antenna test site, a far-field antenna test site, a near-field antenna test site, etc.; the phased array antenna to be calibrated includes an antenna array and an antenna back-end feeding network. The antenna array is formed by combining multiple sub-array antennas, and each sub-array antenna includes multiple antenna radiation units. The total number of antenna radiation units of different sub-array antennas may be the same or different.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, the microwave signal generator 11 is respectively communicatively connected to the phased array antenna to be calibrated and the measurement probe 13, and is used to generate a test microwave signal with the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and perform microwave transceiver detection between the phased array antenna to be calibrated and the measurement probe 13 by using the test microwave signal. Among them, when the microwave signal generator 11 uses the phased array antenna to be calibrated to transmit the test microwave signal, the measurement probe 13 is used to perform microwave signal reception processing on the test microwave signal transmitted by the phased array antenna to be calibrated; when the microwave signal generator 11 uses the measurement probe 13 to transmit the test microwave signal, the phased array antenna to be calibrated is used to perform microwave signal reception processing on the test microwave signal transmitted by the measurement probe 13. Among them, when the test site belongs to a compact range antenna test site, the measurement probe 13 may be a feed antenna; when the test site belongs to a far-field antenna test site, the measurement probe 13 may be a far-field reference antenna; when the test site belongs to a near-field antenna test site, the measurement probe 13 may be a near-field probe.

[0060] In this embodiment, the microwave signal analyzer 12 is communicatively connected to the microwave signal generator 11, and is used to perform microwave phase calibration and active amplitude gain measurement on the test microwave signal and the target microwave signal received by the phased array antenna to be calibrated or the measurement probe 13, so as to determine the measured calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit included in each sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured sub-array normal amplitude gain of each sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, the microwave signal analyzer 12 may pre-store a specific computer program related to the phased array antenna combined array calibration function, and by running the specific computer program, on the basis of a low-cost calibration system, quickly and accurately complete the amplitude-phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas of the entire phased array antenna, ensuring that the sub-array antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve amplitude-phase consistency in the sub-array antenna combined array state, so as to improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phased array antenna.

[0062] It can be understood that Figure 1 the microwave signal generator 11 and the microwave signal analyzer 12 in Figure 1 may be two independent electronic devices, or may be integrated on the same electronic device (for example, a vector network analyzer). Among them, Figure 1 the block diagram shown is only a schematic diagram of a system composition of the phased array antenna combined array calibration system 10, and the phased array antenna combined array calibration system 10 may further include more Figure 1 or fewer components than those shown in Figure 1 or have a different configuration from that shown in

[0063] In the present application, to ensure that the above-mentioned phased array antenna combined array calibration system 10 can quickly and accurately complete the amplitude-phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas of the entire phased array antenna, ensuring that the sub-array antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve amplitude-phase consistency in the sub-array antenna combined array state, so as to improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phased array antenna, an embodiment of the present application provides a phased array antenna combined array calibration method applied to the above-mentioned phased array antenna combined array calibration system 10 to achieve the foregoing purpose. The phased array antenna combined array calibration method provided by the present application will be described in detail below.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is one of the flow diagrams of the phased array antenna combined array calibration method provided by an embodiment of the present application. In an embodiment of the present application, the phased array antenna combined array calibration method may include steps S210 to S240, so as to quickly and accurately complete the phase calibration operation of the sub-array antennas of the entire phased array antenna through the organic combination of sub-array level calibration and radiation unit sampling detection, improve the phase calibration efficiency and phase calibration accuracy of the phased array antenna, ensure that the sub-array antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve phase consistency in the sub-array antenna combined array state, and improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phased array antenna.

[0065] Step S210: For each sub-array antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, obtain the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured calibration compensation phase detected by the phased array antenna to be calibrated using multiple target radiation units in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated respectively.

[0066] In this embodiment, for each sub-array antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, multiple antenna radiation units can be randomly selected from all the antenna radiation units included in the sub-array antenna to be used as a target radiation unit respectively (for example, Figure 1 the antenna radiation units filled in black in the figure), and then for each target radiation unit of the sub-array antenna, control the phased array antenna to be calibrated to call the target radiation unit to perform microwave phase calibration on the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, so as to obtain the measured calibration compensation phase of the target radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0067] Among them, the specific calibration method involved in the foregoing microwave phase calibration operation needs to be adapted to the test site where the phased array antenna array calibration system 10 is located. For example, the foregoing specific calibration method can be the rotation vector method matching the compact range antenna test field, or the phase change measurement method matching the far-field antenna test field, or the near-field measurement method matching the near-field antenna test field. For any one sub-array antenna, the total number of its corresponding target radiation units is greater than or equal to 3. In order to improve the phase calibration accuracy of the array antenna, the total number of target radiation units of the sub-array antenna can be represented by the integer obtained by rounding down the total number of antenna radiation units of the sub-array antenna divided by 10.

[0068] Step S220: According to the factory calibration compensation phase and the measured calibration compensation phase of each of the multiple target radiation units, with the goal of minimizing the overall phase calibration deviation of the sub-array antenna during the antenna array process, solve the overall phase compensation parameter of the sub-array antenna for the frequency of the signal to be calibrated during the antenna array process.

[0069] In this embodiment, the overall phase calibration deviation is mainly caused by the differences in the connection links of the array back-end feeding network of the corresponding sub-array antenna relative to other sub-array antennas during the antenna array assembly process, the differences in the array assembly installation of the corresponding sub-array antenna relative to other sub-array antennas during the antenna array assembly process, and the ex-factory calibration differences of the corresponding sub-array antenna relative to other sub-array antennas during the antenna array assembly process. Then, the overall phase compensation parameter of a single sub-array antenna for any microwave signal frequency during the antenna array assembly process includes the sub-array back-end compensation phase value of the sub-array antenna at this microwave signal frequency, and the off-axis deviation and rolling deviation of the antenna array surface of the sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference surface of the to-be-calibrated phased array antenna at this microwave signal frequency. Among them, the sub-array back-end compensation phase value corresponds to the differences in the connection links of the array back-end feeding network, and the off-axis deviation and rolling deviation of the array surface are jointly caused by the differences in the array assembly installation and ex-factory calibration differences.

[0070] At this time, the overall phase calibration deviation of the i-th sub-array antenna in the to-be-calibrated phased array antenna is expressed by the following equation:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, k is used to represent the frequency point number of the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, P i ε (k) is used to represent the overall phase calibration deviation of the i-th sub-array antenna at the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, is used to represent the sub-array back-end compensation phase value of the i-th sub-array antenna at the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, P i 0 (j′, k) is used to represent the ex-factory calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, P i 1 (j′, k) is used to represent the measured calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, ΔP i ′(j′, k) is used to represent the phase difference between the measured calibration compensation phase and the ex-factory calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, f k is used to represent the to-be-calibrated signal frequency, c is used to represent the speed of light, x′ j′ is used to represent the abscissa position of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array surface is located, y j ″ is used to represent the ordinate position of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array surface is located, Used to represent the off-axis deviation of the antenna array surface of the $i$-th sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference surface of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, Used to represent the rolling deviation of the antenna array surface of the $i$-th sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference surface of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i 2 (j′, k) is used to represent the front-end compensation phase value of the $j′$-th target radiation element in the $i$-th sub-array antenna under the combined influence of the off-axis deviation and rolling deviation of the array surface. $N_i$ is used to represent the total number of target radiation elements of the $i$-th sub-array antenna. The frequency point number is used to represent the frequency point position of the signal to be calibrated within the specified microwave frequency band.

[0073] Step S230, according to the overall phase compensation parameter, perform phase superposition compensation on the factory calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation elements in this sub-array antenna, and obtain the expected calibration compensation phases of all antenna radiation elements in this sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0074] In this embodiment, for each antenna radiation element in any one sub-array antenna, the front-end compensation phase value of this antenna radiation element at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated can be calculated according to the off-axis deviation and rolling deviation of the array surface of this sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated. Then, perform an addition operation on the back-end compensation phase value of this sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, the factory calibration compensation phase and the front-end compensation phase value of this antenna radiation element at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and obtain the expected calibration compensation phase of this antenna radiation element at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0075] At this time, the expected calibration compensation phase of the $j$-th antenna radiation element of the $i$-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated is represented by the following equation:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, k is used to represent the frequency point number of the signal to be calibrated, P i (j, k) is used to represent the expected calibration compensation phase of the $j$-th antenna radiation element in the $i$-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, Used to represent the back-end compensation phase value of the $i$-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, P i 0 (j′, k) is used to represent the factory calibration compensation phase of the $j$-th antenna radiation element in the $i$-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, f k Used to represent the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, c is used to represent the speed of light, xj Used to represent the abscissa position of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the antenna array surface, y j Used to represent the ordinate position of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the antenna array surface, P i 2 (j′, k) is used to represent the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the j-th antenna radiation element in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, Used to represent the off-axis deviation of the array surface of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, Used to represent the roll deviation of the array surface of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0078] Step S240: Perform phase calibration compensation on the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated according to the expected calibration compensation phases of all the antenna radiation elements included in each sub-array antenna in the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0079] In this embodiment, when performing phase calibration compensation on the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated, the expected calibration compensation phases of all the antenna radiation elements included in each sub-array antenna in the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated can be weighted according to the phase weights of all the sub-array antennas in the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated during the microwave transceiver process, so as to obtain the calibration phase compensation values of all the antenna radiation elements in different sub-array antennas at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated for the entire phase-controlled array antenna, so as to use the calculated calibration phase compensation values to perform microwave signal transceiver compensation on the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated, thereby completing the phase calibration compensation operation on the phase-controlled array antenna to be calibrated.

[0080] Therefore, this application can quickly and accurately complete the sub-array antenna phase calibration operation of the entire phase-controlled array antenna through the above steps S210 to S240, by organically combining sub-array level calibration and radiation element sampling detection on the basis of a low-cost calibration system, improving the phase calibration efficiency and phase calibration accuracy of the phase-controlled array antenna, ensuring that the sub-array antennas of the corresponding phase-controlled array antenna can achieve a phase consistency effect in the state of sub-array antenna mosaicking, so as to improve the antenna performance loss situation of the corresponding phase-controlled array antenna.

[0081] Taking an 8-subarray phased array antenna as an example, the 8 subarray antennas included in the phased array antenna are each composed of 1,024 antenna radiation units. For the target signal frequency corresponding to any one of the 31 frequency points within the microwave frequency band of 17 GHz to 21 GHz, if a compact range antenna test field is used in the test site and the rotation vector method is used to perform the above step S210, at this time, based on the above steps S210 to S240, the expected calibration compensation phases of the respective antenna radiation units in the 8-subarray phased array antenna are measured, and the calibration phase difference distribution between the actual calibration compensation phases of the respective antenna radiation units in the 8-subarray phased array antenna under the full array phase calibration process is as Figure 3 shown, where Figure 3 the horizontal axis of Figure 3 is used to represent the calibration phase difference value between the expected calibration compensation phase and the actual calibration compensation phase corresponding to the same antenna radiation unit, Figure 2 and the vertical axis of

[0082] is used to represent the number of antenna radiation units in the 8-subarray phased array antenna that maintain the same calibration phase difference value. The mean value of the calibration phase difference of the 8-subarray phased array antenna under the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method and the full array phase calibration method is -0.83°, and the variance of the calibration phase difference is 10.43°, which indicates that Figure 4 Figure 4 shown, the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method can achieve a phase calibration accuracy as close as possible to that of the full array phase calibration method. Figure 2 Figure 4 Compared with the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method shown in

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method shown in

[0084] can further include steps S310 to S340 to perform a fast and highly accurate subarray antenna amplitude calibration operation on the phased array antenna to be calibrated after the phase calibration compensation is completed, improve the amplitude calibration efficiency and amplitude calibration accuracy of the phased array antenna, ensure that the subarray antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve an amplitude consistency effect in the subarray antenna mosaic state, and improve the antenna performance loss condition of the corresponding phased array antenna. Step S310, perform an active amplitude gain measurement on the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the signal frequency to be calibrated, and obtain the measured subarray normal amplitude gain of each subarray antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the signal frequency to be calibrated.

[0084] Step S320, for each subarray antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, obtain the factory calibration amplitude of each antenna radiation unit in the subarray antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated.

[0085] Step S330: Perform amplitude normalization on the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna to obtain the normalized calibration amplitude of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0086] In this embodiment, the normalized calibration amplitude of the i-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated is calculated using the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] where k is used to represent the frequency point number of the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, represents the factory calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, NI represents the total number of antenna radiation units in the i-th sub-array antenna, represents the normalized calibration amplitude of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0089] Step S340: Calculate the expected calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated according to the normalized calibration amplitude of the sub-array antenna, the measured normal amplitude gain of the sub-array method, and the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation units in the sub-array antenna.

[0090] In this embodiment, the expected calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated is represented by the following equation:

[0091]

[0092] where k is used to represent the frequency point number of the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, A i (j,k) represents the expected calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, represents the factory calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, NI represents the total number of antenna radiation units in the i-th sub-array antenna, represents the normalized calibration amplitude of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, represents the measured normal amplitude gain of the i-th sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

[0093] Taking an 8-subarray phased array antenna as an example, the 8 subarray antennas included in the phased array antenna are all composed of 1,024 antenna radiation units. For the target signal frequency corresponding to any one of the 31 frequency points within the microwave frequency band of 17 GHz to 21 GHz, at this time, the expected calibration amplitude of each antenna radiation unit in the 8-subarray phased array antenna measured based on the above steps S310 to S340, and the calibration amplitude difference distribution between the actual calibration amplitude of each antenna radiation unit in the 8-subarray phased array antenna under the full array amplitude calibration process is as Figure 5 shown, where Figure 5 the horizontal axis of Figure 5 is used to represent the calibration amplitude difference value between the expected calibration amplitude and the actual calibration amplitude corresponding to the same antenna radiation unit, and Figure 4 the vertical axis of Figure 2 and Figure 4 is used to represent the number of antenna radiation units in the 8-subarray phased array antenna that maintain the same calibration amplitude difference value. The mean value of the calibration amplitude difference of the 8-subarray phased array antenna under the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method and the full array amplitude calibration method is 13.45 dB, and the variance of the calibration amplitude difference is 1.53 dB, which indicates that

[0094] the phased array antenna mosaic calibration method shown in

[0095] can achieve an amplitude calibration accuracy as close as possible to that of the full array amplitude calibration method; the present application can quickly optimize the gain reduction amplitude of the 8-subarray phased array antenna to a state less than 0.2 dB and at the same time optimize the sidelobe deterioration amplitude of the 8-subarray phased array antenna to a state less than 0.5 dB through the combination of the phased array antenna mosaic calibration methods shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 .

[0094] Therefore, the present application can perform a fast and highly accurate subarray antenna amplitude calibration operation on the phased array antenna to be calibrated after completing the phase calibration compensation by executing the above steps S310 to S340, improve the amplitude calibration efficiency and amplitude calibration accuracy of the phased array antenna, ensure that the subarray antennas of the corresponding phased array antenna can achieve an amplitude consistency effect in the subarray antenna mosaic state, and improve the antenna performance loss condition of the corresponding phased array antenna.

[0095] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the devices, methods, and computer program products according to the embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code, and a module, a program segment, or a part of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, as well as the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0096] In addition, each functional module in various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist alone, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part. If the various functions provided in this application are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as an independent product, they can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable the phased array antenna combining calibration system 10 to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application through the microwave signal analyzer 12. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc., which can store program codes.

[0097] As described above, these are only various implementation manners of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A calibration method for phased array antenna mosaicking, characterized in that, The method includes: For each sub-array antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, obtain the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured calibration compensation phase detected by the phased array antenna to be calibrated using a plurality of target radiation units in the sub-array antenna respectively at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated; According to the factory calibration compensation phase and the measured calibration compensation phase of each of the plurality of target radiation units, with the goal of minimizing the overall phase calibration deviation of the sub-array antenna during the antenna array assembly process, solve for the overall phase compensation parameter of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated during the antenna array assembly process; According to the overall phase compensation parameter, perform phase superposition compensation on the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna to obtain the expected calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of obtaining the measured calibration compensation phase detected by the phased array antenna to be calibrated using a plurality of target radiation units in the sub-array antenna respectively at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated includes: Randomly select a plurality of antenna radiation units from all the antenna radiation units included in the sub-array antenna as a target radiation unit respectively; For each target radiation unit, control the phased array antenna to be calibrated to call the target radiation unit to perform microwave phase calibration on the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and obtain the measured calibration compensation phase of the target radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The overall phase compensation parameter of a single sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated during the antenna array assembly process includes the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the array off-axis deviation and array roll deviation of the antenna array surface of the sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference surface of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated. Then, the overall phase calibration deviation of the i-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated is represented by the following equation: Among them, k is used to represent the frequency point number of the signal frequency to be calibrated, and Piε(k) is used to represent the overall phase calibration deviation of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated, Pi 0 (j′, k) is used to represent the factory calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated, Pi 1 (j′, k) is used to represent the measured calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated, and ΔPi′(j′, k) is used to represent the phase difference between the measured calibration compensation phase and the factory calibration compensation phase of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated, f k It is used to represent the signal frequency to be calibrated, c is used to represent the speed of light, x j ″ is used to represent the abscissa position of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, y j ″ is used to represent the ordinate position of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located. It is used to represent the array off-axis deviation of the antenna array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference plane of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the array roll deviation of the antenna array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna relative to the antenna reference plane of the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the signal frequency to be calibrated, Pi 2 (j′, k) is used to represent the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the j′-th target radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna under the combined influence of the array off-axis deviation and the array roll deviation, and Ni is used to represent the total number of target radiation units of the i-th sub-array antenna.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of performing phase superposition compensation on the factory calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna according to the overall phase compensation parameter to obtain the expected calibration compensation phase of each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated includes: For each antenna radiation unit in the sub-array antenna, calculate the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the antenna radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated according to the array off-axis deviation and array roll deviation of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated; Perform an addition operation on the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, the factory calibration compensation phase of the antenna radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the sub-array front-end compensation phase value to obtain the expected calibration compensation phase of the antenna radiation unit at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The expected calibration compensation phase of the j-th antenna radiation unit of the i-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated is represented by the following equation: Among them, k is used to represent the frequency point number of the signal frequency to be calibrated, and Pi(j,k) is used to represent the expected calibration compensation phase of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the sub-array backend compensation phase value of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated, Pi 0 (j,k) is used to represent the factory calibration compensation phase of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated, f k is used to represent the signal frequency to be calibrated, c is used to represent the speed of light, x j is used to represent the abscissa position of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, y j is used to represent the ordinate position of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna in the two-dimensional coordinate system where the corresponding antenna array plane is located, Pi 2 (j,k) is used to represent the sub-array front-end compensation phase value of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the off-axis deviation of the array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the rolling deviation of the array plane of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Perform phase calibration compensation on the phased array antenna to be calibrated according to the expected calibration compensation phases of the respective antenna radiation elements included in all sub-array antennas in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The method further includes: Perform active amplitude gain measurement on the phased array antenna to be calibrated after phase calibration compensation at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, to obtain the measured sub-array normal amplitude gains of all sub-array antennas in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated; For each sub-array antenna included in the phased array antenna to be calibrated, obtain the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation elements in this sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated; Perform amplitude normalization on the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation elements in this sub-array antenna, to obtain the normalized calibration amplitude of this sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated; According to the normalized calibration amplitude and the measured sub-array normal amplitude gain of this sub-array antenna, and the factory calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation elements in this sub-array antenna, calculate the expected calibration amplitudes of all antenna radiation elements in this sub-array antenna at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The expected calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation element of the i-th sub-array antenna in the phased array antenna to be calibrated is represented by the following equation: Among them, k is used to represent the frequency point number of the signal frequency to be calibrated, and Ai(j,k) is used to represent the expected calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the factory calibration amplitude of the j-th antenna radiation unit in the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. NI is used to represent the total number of antenna radiation units in the i-th sub-array antenna. It is used to represent the normalized calibration amplitude of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated. It is used to represent the measured normal amplitude gain of the i-th sub-array antenna at the signal frequency to be calibrated.

9. A phased array antenna combined array calibration system, characterized in that The system includes a microwave signal generator, a microwave signal analyzer, and a measurement probe; The microwave signal generator is communicatively connected to the phased array antenna to be calibrated and the measurement probe respectively, and is used to generate a test microwave signal with the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and perform microwave transceiver detection between the phased array antenna to be calibrated and the measurement probe using the test microwave signal; The microwave signal analyzer is communicatively connected to the microwave signal generator, and is used to perform microwave phase calibration and active amplitude gain measurement on the test microwave signal and the target microwave signal received by the phased array antenna to be calibrated or the measurement probe, to determine the measured calibration compensation phases of the respective antenna radiation elements included in all sub-array antennas in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated, and the measured sub-array normal amplitude gains of all sub-array antennas in the phased array antenna to be calibrated at the frequency of the signal to be calibrated; The microwave signal analyzer also stores a computer program and can run the computer program to implement the phased array antenna mosaicking calibration method described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the phased array antenna mosaicking calibration system, the phased array antenna mosaicking calibration method described in any one of claims 1-8 is implemented.

Images