Cathode head and novel plasma generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode head and a novel plasma generator, and relates to the technical field of plasma generators, the cathode head comprises a base and a reflection part; the reflecting part is of a rotary body structure, the surface, attached to the base, of the reflecting part is a first surface, the end surface, away from the base, of the reflecting part is a second surface, and the path of the section between the first surface and the second surface is a circle which is gradually reduced; by simplifying the structure of the cathode head, the cathode head is smaller and lighter in size and convenient to overhaul, by arranging the reflecting part, electric field distribution is optimized, electric arcs can be stably formed under different powers, the phenomena of electric arc fluctuation and arc breaking are reduced, meanwhile, threads of the cathode head are accurately controlled, the cathode head is in threaded connection with a guide pipe, and the service life of the cathode head is prolonged. The distance error caused by manual adjustment of the thread amount can be avoided, the cathode and anode gap adjustment latitude is greatly improved, and the difficulty and workload of generator maintenance are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plasma generators, and in particular to a cathode head and a new type of plasma generator. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient ignition and combustion assistance device, the plasma generator plays a crucial role in the industrial field, especially in the boiler ignition system of thermal power plants. Its core principle is to ionize gas through a high-temperature arc formed between electrodes to generate plasma with high conductivity and high temperature characteristics, thereby achieving the ignition function.

[0003] The cathode head of the traditional plasma generator is relatively large in size, resulting in a complex and heavy overall structure of the device, a relatively high manufacturing cost, and restricting the large-scale application and promotion of the plasma generator. Due to material and structural limitations, the formation and maintenance of the arc during high-power operation are easily affected by factors such as uneven electric field distribution and uneven electrode loss, leading to arc fluctuations or even arc interruption phenomena, affecting ignition reliability, accelerating electrode loss, shortening service life, increasing maintenance frequency and cost; and when installing or replacing, it is necessary to repeatedly adjust the advancing and retracting amount of the connecting thread, the process is complex and time-consuming, requires a high technical level of operators, and is prone to equipment damage due to improper operation, increasing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0004] Based on the above problems, we propose a cathode head and a new type of plasma generator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to extend the cathode life, ensure the stability of arc drawing, and prevent uneven electrode loss, arc fluctuations or even arc interruption during high-power operation.

[0006] The above technical problem is solved by the following technical solution: a cathode head, including a base and a reflection part; the reflection part is of a rotary body structure, the surface of the reflection part that fits with the base is the first surface, the end face of the reflection part away from the base is the second surface, and the cross-sectional path between the first surface and the second surface is a gradually shrinking circle.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the cathode head of the present invention: a slope is provided between the first surface and the second surface, and the angle A between the plane of the base near the reflection part and the slope is 120°.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the cathode head of the present invention: the outer wall of the second surface is coated with a silver ion coating.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the cathode head of the present invention: the cathode head further includes a connector provided at the end of the base away from the reflection part.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the cathode head of the present invention: The connecting member includes a fixing block provided on the outer wall of the base, a groove is formed on the outer wall of the fixing block, and a rubber ring is provided inside the groove.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the cathode head of the present invention: A threaded block is provided at one end of the fixing block away from the base.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the cathode head of the present invention: The base is of a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of round holes are formed on the outer wall of the base.

[0013] The present invention also provides a novel plasma generator, which includes an ignition assembly, including a generating cavity, a sleeve provided inside the generating cavity and extending outward, and an anode head provided on the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the novel plasma generator of the present invention: A base is provided inside the sleeve, a conduit is provided on the outer wall of the base, and the conduit is threadedly connected to the cathode head.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the novel plasma generator of the present invention: The anode head is connected to the sleeve by bolts, and the distance between the anode head and the cathode head is controlled within 0.9 mm - 1 mm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By simplifying the structure of the cathode head, the cathode head is made smaller and lighter, and it is convenient for maintenance. By setting the reflection part, the electric field distribution is optimized, so that the arc can be stably formed at different powers, reducing the arc fluctuation and arc interruption phenomena. At the same time, the thread of the cathode head is precisely controlled, and the cathode head is threadedly connected to the conduit, which can avoid the distance error caused by manually adjusting the amount of thread, greatly improving the adjustment tolerance of the anode-cathode gap and reducing the difficulty and workload of generator maintenance. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Among them:

[0018] Figure 1 Shows an isometric view of the cathode head connection structure;

[0019] Figure 2 Shows a side view of the cathode head;

[0020] Figure 3 Shows a schematic diagram of the ignition assembly connection structure;

[0021] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the ignition assembly is shown. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation manners and the accompanying drawings.

[0023] The terms used in the present invention are those general terms that are currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions of the present invention. However, these terms may change according to the intentions of those of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in this case, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but based on the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0024] Referring to Figures 1 to 2 , this embodiment provides a cathode head, including a cathode head 1, which includes a base 11 and a reflection part 12. The base 11 and the reflection part 12 are fixedly connected by welding; the inside of the cathode head 1 is hollow, which can reduce the amount of material used, thereby reducing the weight of the cathode head 1, facilitating installation and maintenance, and the hollow structure increases the heat dissipation area, contributing to improving the heat dissipation efficiency. Especially during high-power operation, it can effectively reduce the temperature of the cathode head.

[0025] The reflection part 12 is of a rotary body structure. The shape of the reflection part 12 is frustum-shaped, and the inside of the frustum is a hollow design. The frustum-shaped design increases the contact area between the cathode head and the anode, thereby expanding the arc formation area and improving the stability of the arc. A more stable arc can make the plasma generator more reliable during the ignition process, reducing the phenomenon of ignition failure caused by arc fluctuations or arc interruption; the surface of the reflection part 12 that fits with the base 11 is the first surface 121. The reflection part 12 and the base 11 are of a fixed connection structure. The end face of the reflection part 12 away from the base 11 is the second surface 122. The second surface 122 is the tip of the reflection part 12 and is the key area for arc formation, which can make the electric field strength highly concentrated in this area, thus making it easier to initiate the ionization process and form a high-temperature plasma; the cross-sectional path between the first surface 121 and the second surface 122 is a gradually shrinking circle, which can enable the arc to be stably formed at different powers, reducing arc fluctuations and arc interruption phenomena.

[0026] As an alternative embodiment, a slope 123 is provided between the first surface 121 and the second surface 122, which can make the arc evenly distributed around the tip of the cathode head, avoiding local overheating and rapid material loss, extending the service life of the cathode head, and the design of the slope 123 increases the contact area between the cathode head and the anode, thereby expanding the arc formation area and improving the stability of the arc.

[0027] As Figure 2 shown, the angle A between the plane of one end of the base 11 close to the reflection part 12 and the slope 123 is 120°. The design of the 120° angle can make the arc easier to form at the tip, reduce the energy required for arc ignition, improve the success rate of arc ignition, and the more stable arc can make the plasma generator more reliable during the ignition process, reduce the ignition failure phenomenon caused by arc fluctuation or arc interruption, and improve the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0028] As an alternative embodiment, since the silver ion coating has extremely high conductivity, using a silver ion coating on the outer wall of the second surface 122 can significantly reduce the resistance of the cathode head 1, reduce the energy loss during the arc formation process, and improve the electric energy conversion efficiency; the antioxidant and corrosion resistance properties of the silver ion coating can protect the surface of the cathode head 1 in high-temperature and strong electric field environments, improve the performance and reliability of the plasma generator, and extend the service life of the cathode head 1.

[0029] As an alternative embodiment, the base 11 is a hollow cylindrical structure. A plurality of round holes 111 are provided on the outer wall of the base 11. The round holes 111 do not penetrate the outer wall of the base 11. Preferably, four round holes 111 are provided and evenly arranged on the side wall of the base 11. The design of the round holes 111 increases the surface area of the base 11, which helps to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. When the plasma generator operates at high power, the round holes 111 can effectively reduce the temperature of the base 11.

[0030] As an alternative embodiment, the cathode head 1 further includes a connecting member 13 provided at one end of the base 11 away from the reflection part 12. The base 11 and the connecting member 13 are of a fixed connection structure, and the connecting member 13 is used to install the cathode head 1.

[0031] As an alternative embodiment, the connecting member 13 includes a fixing block 131 provided on the outer wall of the base 11. The inside of the fixing block 131 is of a hollow design. The fixing block 131 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the side of the base 11 away from the reflection part 12 by welding. A groove 132 is provided on the outer wall of the fixing block 131, and a rubber ring 133 is provided inside the groove 132. The sealing performance of the rubber ring 133 can prevent the leakage of cooling water, compressed air or other media, and ensure the sealing performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0032] As an alternative embodiment, a threaded block 134 is provided at one end of the fixing block 131 away from the base 11. The amount of thread of the threaded block 134 has been precisely controlled during the manufacturing process, ensuring that the distance between the cathode head 1 and the anode head 23 automatically meets the design requirements of 0.9 mm - 1 mm, improving the installation accuracy and reliability; the threaded block 134 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and one end of the threaded block 134 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 131 by welding.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment provides a novel plasma generator, including an ignition assembly 2, which includes a generating chamber 21. Inside the generating chamber 21, there are a cooling water system, an electrical component, and an air system; the cooling water system can dynamically adjust the flow rate and pressure of the cooling water according to the power change of the plasma generator to ensure that the equipment can maintain the optimal working temperature at different powers; the electrical component rectifies alternating current into direct current through a three-phase fully controlled bridge thyristor rectifier circuit, and adjusts the output power through a high-power DC speed regulator and a control PLC to ensure that the plasma generator operates within the required power range; the air system uses stable, clean, and dry air as the plasma carrier, and uses instrument air compressor to provide carrier air for the plasma generator. It is confirmed that when the plasma generator stops working, it automatically switches to use the fire detection cooling air to provide purge air, and the signal is sent to the DCS (the control of the cooling water system, electrical component, and air system is a mature technology existing in the art and will not be elaborated too much in this application).

[0034] A sleeve 22 disposed inside the generating chamber 21 and extending outward, and an anode head 23 disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve 22. The sleeve 22 serves as a support structure, is fixed inside the generating chamber 21 and extends outward, providing a stable installation position for the anode head 23.

[0035] As Figure 3 shown, as an alternative embodiment, a base 221 is provided inside the sleeve 22, a conduit 222 is provided on the outer wall of the base 221, the base 221 is fixedly connected to the conduit 222, and the conduit 222 is threadedly connected to the cathode head 1, ensuring the stable installation of the cathode head; a threaded hole matching the threaded block 134 is provided inside the conduit 222, and the thread amount between the threaded block 134 and the threaded hole has been precisely controlled during manufacturing, which can ensure that the distance between the anode head 23 and the cathode head 1 is controlled within 0.9 mm - 1 mm, without the need for repeated adjustment. The conduit 222 can not only play the role of installing and stabilizing the cathode head 1, but also play the role of guiding the arc.

[0036] As an alternative embodiment, the anode head 23 is connected to the sleeve 22 by bolts, which can make the installation and disassembly of the anode head 23 more convenient and fast, without the need for complex tools or operations; the distance between the anode head 23 and the cathode head 1 is controlled within 0.9 mm - 1 mm. This precise gap ensures that the arc can form and burn stably under the best conditions, helps to reduce the arc starting voltage, makes the arc easier to ignite, and reduces arc fluctuations and arc interruption phenomena.

[0037] During installation, only need to directly tighten the threaded block 134 onto the conduit 22. Since the distance has been precisely controlled during the manufacturing process, there is no need to adjust the thread amount additionally, avoiding the cumbersome operation of repeatedly adjusting the thread amount in the traditional installation process, reducing the requirement for the technical level of the installation personnel, and reducing the risk of equipment damage caused by improper operation.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are only examples, and those skilled in the art can modify these examples in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cathode head, characterized in that: The cathode head (1) includes a base (11) and a reflection part (12); The reflection part (12) has a rotary body structure. The surface of the reflection part (12) that fits with the base (11) is the first surface (121), and the end face of the reflection part (12) away from the base (11) is the second surface (122). The cross-sectional path between the first surface (121) and the second surface (122) is a gradually shrinking circle.

2. The cathode head according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a slope (123) between the first surface (121) and the second surface (122). The angle A between the plane at one end of the base (11) close to the reflection part (12) and the slope (123) is 120°.

3. The cathode head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second surface (122) is coated with a silver ion coating.

4. The cathode head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cathode head (1) further includes a connecting member (13) provided at one end of the base (11) away from the reflection part (12).

5. The cathode head according to claim 4, wherein: The connecting member (13) includes a fixing block (131) provided on the outer wall of the base (11). A groove (132) is formed on the outer wall of the fixing block (131), and a rubber ring (133) is provided inside the groove (132).

6. The cathode head according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the fixing block (131) away from the base (11) is provided with a threaded block (134).

7. The cathode head according to claim 6, wherein: The base (11) has a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of round holes (111) are formed on the outer wall of the base (11).

8. A novel plasma generator, characterized in that: Including the cathode head according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further including, An ignition assembly (2) includes a generating chamber (21), a sleeve (22) provided inside the generating chamber (21) and extending outward, and an anode head (23) provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (22).

9. The novel plasma generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: A base (221) is provided inside the sleeve (22). A conduit (222) is provided on the outer wall of the base (221), and the conduit (222) is threadedly connected to the cathode head (1).

10. The novel plasma generator according to claim 9, wherein: The anode head (23) is connected to the sleeve (22) by bolts, and the distance between the anode head (23) and the cathode head (1) is controlled within 0.9 mm - 1 mm.

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