High-calcium cattle ear feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of high-calcium feeds, and provides a cattle ear high-calcium feed and a preparation method thereof, the cattle ear high-calcium feed comprises the following raw materials: cattle ear leaf dry powder, corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, bran, yeast powder, a probiotic mixture, vitamin K2, a trace element premix and salt; wherein the probiotic mixture is composed of lactic acid bacteria and lactobacillus acidophilus. The ox ear leaves are used as a main calcium source, and the content of active calcium is high; and vitamin D and vitamin K2 auxiliary factors are added, so that the bioavailability of calcium is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-calcium feeds, and particularly relates to a Primulina eburnea high-calcium feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Primulina eburnea is a plant of the genus Primulina in the family Gesneriaceae, mainly distributed in the karst areas of southern and southwestern China. Its leaves are rich in active calcium that is easily absorbed by the human body and have been developed into a new type of high-calcium vegetable in recent years. The unique advantage of Primulina eburnea in terms of active calcium content is closely related to its habitat. Due to the sessility of plants, plants growing in the high-calcium karst soil environment have formed various calcium adaptation mechanisms during long-term adaptive evolution, which are generally divided into three categories: calcium-loving type, adaptable type, and calcium-averse type. A common garden experiment shows that even under low-calcium (5 mM CaCl2) cultivation conditions, Primulina eburnea can still efficiently enrich calcium, and the total calcium content in its leaves reaches 391.52 mg / 100 g (fresh weight), about 5 times that of spinach, and the proportion of water-soluble calcium (active calcium, which is easily absorbed by the human body) is as high as 42.29%, significantly higher than that of common vegetables such as spinach and amaranth. It is a typical calcium-loving plant with unique high-calcium adaptability and strong calcium enrichment ability.

[0003] Therefore, in order to prove the absorption efficiency of the high-calcium vegetable Primulina eburnea in the body and develop deep-processed products. It is planned to conduct a feeding experiment on rats by developing an additive feed to prove its absorption efficiency and prove that it has no side effects.

[0004] Primulina eburnea has a high calcium content and is rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids, and has the potential to develop high-calcium feeds. The calcium source in traditional feeds is mostly inorganic calcium (such as calcium carbonate), and the absorption rate is relatively low, while plant-source calcium may be more easily absorbed by animals. Therefore, the present invention provides a Primulina eburnea high-calcium feed and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a Primulina eburnea high-calcium feed and a preparation method thereof to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] A Primulina eburnea high-calcium feed comprises the following raw materials: Dry powder of Primulina eburnea leaves, corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, wheat bran, yeast powder, probiotic mixture, vitamin K2, trace element premix, table salt; Wherein, the probiotic mixture is composed of lactic acid bacteria + Lactobacillus acidophilus.

[0007] Preferably, by mass percentage, it comprises the following raw materials: Ox ear leaf powder 73.53%, corn flour 12.50%, soybean meal 8.50%, fish meal 1.00%, bran 1.27%, yeast powder 2.00%, probiotic mixture 0.50%, vitamin K2 0.005%, trace element premix 1.00%, and salt 0.20%.

[0008] Preferably, the probiotic mixture consists of lactic acid bacteria and Lactobacillus acidophilus in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0009] Preferably, a water binder is also included.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the cattle ear high-calcium feed as described above, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Powder of dried cow ear leaf is passed through a 40-60 mesh sieve to remove large particles and ensure uniform distribution; S2, corn meal, soybean meal, fish meal and bran are fully mixed to improve uniformity; S3, dry mix for 5-10 minutes: In the mixer, first add dried cow ear leaf powder, corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, and bran, and mix well; Gradually add yeast powder, vitamin K2, trace element premix, and salt, and continue stirring to ensure even distribution; S4, add water to bond, wet mix for 5-10 minutes: Gradually spray the water binder, stirring as you add, until the material is moist and can be kneaded into a ball but is not sticky; S5, probiotics are added last to protect the live bacteria; S6, using a mold or briquetting machine to form, pressing 3-5MPa; S7, Drying and cooling: Dry at 50-60℃ to reduce moisture, prevent mildew, and package; S8. Testing: Determine the calcium content of feed and confirm that it reaches 5%.

[0011] Beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: The invention provides a high-calcium feed of cow ears and a preparation method thereof. The cow ear leaves are used as the main calcium source, with high active calcium content; and vitamin D and vitamin K2 cofactors are added to improve the bioavailability of calcium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the apparent calcium absorption in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a graph of the apparent calcium absorption rate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is the average gray value diagram in the embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention provides a high-calcium feed for beef ears, comprising the following raw materials: 735.29 g of dry powder of beef ear leaves, 125 g of corn flour, 85 g of soybean meal, 10 g of fish meal, 12.71 g of wheat bran, 20 g of yeast powder, 5 g of probiotic mixture, 0.05 g of vitamin K, 10 g of trace element premix, 2 g of salt, with a total dry weight of 1000 g; Among them, the probiotic mixture is composed of lactic acid bacteria and Lactobacillus acidophilus in a mass ratio of 1:1. The calcium content of the dry powder of beef ear leaves is 6.81 g / 100 g (high-calcium characteristic). The trace element premix used is a commercial premix, and the trace element premix includes iron: 8.5%, zinc: 6%, copper: 0.8%, manganese: 7.5%, selenium: 0.2‰, and iodine: 0.15‰.

[0019] In this embodiment, it also includes 50 g of water binder, which is not included in the dry weight and is used for block forming, adjusted according to humidity.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned high-calcium feed for beef ears, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. The dry powder of beef ear leaves is sieved through a 40-mesh sieve to remove large particles and ensure uniform distribution; S2. The corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, and wheat bran are fully mixed to improve the uniformity; S3. Dry mix for 10 minutes: In the mixer, first add dry cow ear leaf powder, corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, and wheat bran, and stir evenly. Gradually add yeast powder, vitamin K2, trace element premix, and salt, and continue to stir to ensure uniform distribution. S4. Add water for adhesion and wet mix for 10 minutes: Gradually spray water binder (50 g), adding and stirring simultaneously until the material is moist and can be kneaded into a ball but does not stick to the hands. The water binder includes the following components: water: 88.5%, honey: 5.2%, starch: 4%, lignosulfonate: 2%, calcium propionate: 0.3%. S5. Add probiotics last to protect the live bacteria. S6. Use a mold or briquetting machine to form, pressing at 5 MPa. S7. Dry and cool: Bake at a low temperature of 50 °C to reduce moisture, prevent mildew, and package. S8. Detect: Measure the calcium content of the feed and confirm that it reaches 5%.

[0021] Application: Applied to a rat feeding experiment to verify the feed characteristics (this work was completed at the First Hospital of Wuhan).

[0022] Materials: Use cow ear high-calcium feed, large-leaf wolfberry feed, calcium carbonate calcium tablet powder feed, calcium citrate calcium tablet powder feed, and ordinary feed as a comparison. For the large-leaf wolfberry feed, calcium carbonate calcium tablet powder feed, and calcium citrate calcium tablet powder feed, except for the calcium content, other components, contents, and production processes are the same as those of the cow ear high-calcium feed in Example 1. The calcium-free feed, except for the absence of calcium element, has the same other components and contents as the cow ear high-calcium feed, and is used for balancing. Use ordinary feed as a control, which is an ordinary feed with a calcium content of 1.8% sold on the market.

[0023] According to the calcium content of the feed, to ensure that mice are fed 20 g of feed per day and the calcium content is unified at 0.36 g / day, the feeding is carried out according to the following Table 1 formula.

[0024] Table 1

[0025] Treatment process: The rats are randomly divided into 5 groups, with 6 rats in each group, and are continuously fed for 7 weeks. During the experiment, the animals are allowed to freely eat and drink water, the daily food intake is recorded, the daily conditions of the rats are observed, and the body weight is measured weekly.

[0026] After 4 weeks of the experiment, a 3-day calcium metabolism test is carried out. Collect the feces for 72 hours, record the food intake, measure the calcium content in the feces, calculate the apparent calcium absorption rate, and check the absorption efficiency.

[0027] Calculation formula for apparent calcium absorption: Apparent calcium absorption (mg / d) = Calcium intake - Fecal calcium content; Calculation formula for apparent calcium absorption rate: Apparent calcium absorption rate = (Apparent calcium absorption / Calcium intake) × 100%; After the experiment, each group was fasted for 12 h. After anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of 3 mL / kg body weight of 10% chloral hydrate, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta. The blood was centrifuged at 4000 rpm / min for 10 min at 4 °C, and the serum was separated and stored at -40 °C to avoid repeated freezing and thawing for serum detection to check for side effects.

[0028] The bilateral femurs were removed intact along the direction of the rat joints, and the attached muscle soft tissues were cleaned up with scissors and scalpel. The right femoral samples were wrapped with gauze moistened with normal saline and stored in a 4 °C refrigerator for later use. The left femurs were stored in a -20 °C refrigerator for later use for Micro-CT scanning of the femurs to check the skeletal health of calcium supplementation.

[0029] Results: As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, under the condition of the same daily calcium intake, the apparent calcium absorption efficiency of the mice in the high-calcium feed group of Ox Ear was the highest, indicating that the bioavailability of calcium in Ox Ear was high.

[0030] The high-calcium feed of Ox Ear had no side effects (see the results of rat calcium absorption in Table 2).

[0031] Table 2

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] The high-calcium feed of Ox Ear effectively improved skeletal health, see Figure 3 average gray value.

[0035] It should be noted that in this article, the term "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device including that element.

[0036] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-calcium feed for beef ear, characterized in that, It includes the following raw materials: Dry powder of cattle ear leaf, corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, wheat bran, yeast powder, probiotic mixture, vitamin K2, trace element premix, table salt; Among them, the probiotic mixture is composed of lactic acid bacteria + Lactobacillus acidophilus.

2. The high-calcium feed for Chirita eburnea according to claim 1, characterized in that, By mass percentage, it includes the following raw materials: Dry powder of cattle ear leaf 73.53%, corn flour 12.50%, soybean meal 8.50%, fish meal 1.00%, wheat bran 1.27%, yeast powder 2.00%, probiotic mixture 0.50%, vitamin K2 0.005%, trace element premix 1.00%, table salt 0.20%.

3. The high-calcium feed for Chirita eburnea Hance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probiotic mixture is composed of lactic acid bacteria and Lactobacillus acidophilus with a mass ratio of 1:

1.

4. A high-calcium feed for cattle ears according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water binder.

5. A preparation method of a high-calcium feed for cattle ears according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. The dry powder of cattle ear leaf is sieved through a 40-60 mesh sieve to remove large particles and ensure uniform distribution; S2. Corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, and wheat bran are fully mixed to improve the uniformity; S3. Dry mix for 5-10 minutes: In a mixer, first add the dry powder of cattle ear leaf, corn flour, soybean meal, fish meal, and wheat bran and stir evenly; Gradually add yeast powder, vitamin K2, trace element premix, and table salt, and continue to stir to ensure uniform distribution; S4. Add water for binding and wet mix for 5-10 minutes: Gradually spray the water binder and stir while adding until the material is moist and can be kneaded into a ball but does not stick to the hands; S5. Add probiotics last to protect the live bacteria; S6. Use a mold or briquetting machine to form, and press at 3-5 MPa; S7. Dry and cool: Low-temperature drying at 50-60 °C to reduce moisture, prevent mildew, and package; S8. Detect: Measure the calcium content of the feed and confirm that it reaches 5%.

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